Annual / Quarterly Financial Statement • Mar 10, 2008
Annual / Quarterly Financial Statement
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Kemira Oyj
Porkkalankatu 3 Tel. 010 8611 Y-number 0109823-0 PL 330 Fax 010 862 1119 Helsinki 00101 Helsinki www.kemira.com ALV reg.
| Board of Directors' review 20071 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Group key figures20 | ||
| Definitions of key figures22 | ||
| Consolidated income statement (IFRS)23 Consolidated balance sheet (IFRS)24 |
||
| Consolidated cash flow statement (IFRS)25 | ||
| Statement of changes in equity26 | ||
| Notes to consolidated financial statements | ||
| 2. 3. |
Segment data36 Revenue38 |
|
| 4. | Other operating income38 | |
| 5. | Cost of sales38 | |
| 6. | Research and development expenses39 | |
| 7. | Employee benefits and number of personnel39 | |
| 8. | Share-based payments40 | |
| 9. 10. |
Depreciation and impairments41 Financial income and expenses41 |
|
| 11. | Income taxes42 | |
| 12. | Earnings per share42 | |
| 13. | Intangible assets43. | |
| 14. | Property, plant and equipment44 | |
| 15. | Impairment tests45 | |
| 16. | Investments47 | |
| 17. 18. |
Inventories47 Carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities by measurement categories48 |
|
| 19. | Receivables49 | |
| 20. | Related parties disclosure49 | |
| 21. | Non-current interest-bearing liabilities51 | |
| 22. | Deferred tax liabilities and assets51 | |
| 23. | Provisions52 | |
| 24. 25. |
Current liabilities52 Net liabilities52 |
|
| 26. | Finance lease liabilities - maturity53 | |
| 27. | Defined benefit pension plans53 | |
| 28. | Supplementary cash flow information55 | |
| 29. | Business combinations56 | |
| 30. | Collateral and contingent liabilities59 | |
| 31. | Derivative instruments60 | |
| 33. | Management of financial risks63 | |
| 34. | Associated companies68 | |
| 35. | Joint ventures68 | |
| 36. | Changes in group structure in 200769 | |
| 37. | Non-current assets held for sale and directly associated liabilities70 | |
| 38. | Year 2006 error correction70. | |
| 39. | Events after the balance sheet date71 | |
| 40. | Group companies72 Kemira Oyj Income statement (FAS)75 |
|
| Kemira Oyj Balance sheet (FAS)76 | ||
| Kemira Oyj Cash flow statement (FAS)77 | ||
| Notes to Kemira Oyj financial statements | ||
| 2. | Revenue79 | |
| 3. 4. |
Cost of sales79 Other operating income79 |
|
| 5. | Research and development expenses80 | |
| 6. | Personnel expenses and number of personnel80 | |
| 8. | Financial income and expenses81 | |
| 9. | Extraordinary items82 | |
| 10. 11. |
Income taxes82 Intangible assets83 |
|
| 13. | Investments84 | |
| 14. | Inventories85 | |
| 16. | Securities86 | |
| 17. | Shareholders' equity86 | |
| 18. 19. |
Appropriations87 Obligatory provisions87 |
|
| 20. | Non-current interest-bearing liabilities88 | |
| 21. | Current liabilities89 | |
| 22. | Collateral and contingent liabilities90 | |
| 23. | Shares and holdings of Kemira Oyj91 | |
| Shares and shareholders92 | ||
Kemira Group's revenue for 2007 rose by 11% year on year, to EUR 2,810.2 million (2006: EUR 2,522.5 million). Operating profit totaled EUR 143.1 million (193.7). The operating profit includes write-downs and other non-recurring items, with their net effect on operating profit amounting to EUR - 31.5 million (+23.2). Operating profit, excluding non-recurring items was EUR 174.6 million (170.5). Earnings per share was EUR 0.53 (EUR 0.90). The Board of Directors will propose a per-share dividend of EUR 0.50 for 2007, corresponding to a dividend payout ratio of 95% and a 4% growth over previous year. Excluding non-recurring write-downs the payout ratio is 57%. For the financial year 2006, Kemira paid out a dividend of EUR 0.48 per share.
| EUR million | 2007 | 2006** | Change % |
|---|---|---|---|
| REVENUE | 2,810.2 | 2,522.5 | 11 |
| EBITDA | 316.9 | 317.2 | 0 |
| EBITDA, % | 11.3% | 12.6% | |
| OPERATING PROFIT | 143.1 | 193.7 | -26 |
| Operating profit, % | 5.1% | 7.7% | |
| Operating profit, excluding | |||
| non-recurring items | 174.6 | 170.5 | 2 |
| Operating profit, excluding | |||
| non-recurring items, % | 6.2% | 6.8% | |
| Financial income and | |||
| expenses | -51.9 | -37.2 | |
| PROFIT BEFORE TAX | 93.3 | 154.2 | |
| Profit before tax, % | 3.3% | 6.1% | |
| NET PROFIT | 67.5 | 112.2 | |
| EPS, EUR | 0.53 | 0.90 | |
| EPS, EUR, excluding write | |||
| downs | 0.87 | 0.90 | |
| Capital employed * | 2,035.8 | 1,876.6 | |
| ROCE, % * | 7.1% | 10.2% | |
| Cash flow after | |||
| investments, excluding | |||
| acquisitions | -82.5 | 155.0 | |
| Personnel at period-end | 10,007 | 9,327 | |
| * 12-month rolling average | |||
** Prior year correction included
Kemira Group's revenue for 2007 rose by 11% over the previous year, to EUR 2,810.2 million (2,522.5). Acquisitions accounted for EUR 314.9 million of revenue growth, while divestments eroded revenue by EUR 26.9 million. Organic growth in local currencies was 2%. The currency effect decreased revenue by 2% or EUR 54 million.
Revenue by market area was as follows: Europe 67%, North America 23%, South America 4%, Asia 5% and Others 1%.
Revenue by business area:
| EUR million | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Kemira Pulp&Paper | 1,018.3 | 993.3 |
| Kemira Water | 730.5 | 467.6 |
| Kemira Specialty | 425.9 | 456.2 |
| Kemira Coatings | 625.2 | 562.8 |
| Other, including eliminations | 10.3 | 42.6 |
| Total | 2,810.2 | 2,522.5 |
Kemira's operating profit for 2007 decreased by 26%, to EUR 143.1 million (193.7) and includes writedowns, gains on the sale of assets and other non-recurring items, whose net effect amounts to EUR - 31.5 million (+23.2). Based on a strategic review, decisions were made on measures leading to writedowns totaling EUR 47.1 million for the last quarter. Excluding non-recurring items, operating profit came to EUR 174.6 million (170.5), representing growth of 2%. Acquisitions contributed EUR 13.7 million to operating profit, while divestments depressed operating profit by EUR 2.4 million. Operating profit as a percentage of revenue, excluding non-recurring items, decreased from 6.8% to 6.2%. The weakened US dollar had a negative effect on both revenue and operating profit, and the currency effect decreased operating profit by approximately EUR -10 million.
Operating profit by business area:
| EUR million | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Kemira Pulp&Paper | 66.8 | 90.8 |
| Kemira Water | 45.0 | 35.3 |
| Kemira Specialty | 13.5 | 45.8 |
| Kemira Coatings | 73.1 | 72.1 |
| Other | -55.2 | -50.3 |
| Total | 143.1 | 193.7 |
Non-recurring items included in operating profit:
| EUR million | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Kemira Pulp&Paper | -11.6 | 11.0 |
| Kemira Water | -3.1 | -0.2 |
| Kemira Specialty | -10.6 | 3.6 |
| Kemira Coatings | 8.8 | 16.4 |
| Other | -15.0 | -7.6 |
| Total | -31.5 | 23.2 |
Operating profit excluding write-downs and other non-recurring items:
| EUR million | 2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kemira Pulp&Paper | 78.4 | 79.8 | 7.7% | 8.0% |
| Kemira Water | 48.1 | 35.5 | 6.6% | 7.6% |
| Kemira Specialty | 24.1 | 42.2 | 5.7% | 9.3% |
| Kemira Coatings | 64.3 | 55.7 | 10.3% | 9.9% |
| Other | -40.2 | -42.7 | ||
| Total | 174.6 | 170.5 | 6.2% | 6.8% |
Profit before tax amounted to EUR 93.3 million (154.2) and net profit totaled EUR 67.5 million (112.2). Earnings per share were EUR 0.53 (0.90).
Current tax came to EUR 25.8 million (42.0), representing an effective tax rate of 27.7%. The effective tax rate was lower than with current tax rate due to the utilization of tax losses and non-taxable gains on assets sold. On the other hand, write downs of assets increased the effective tax rate.
The company's 2006 Financial Statements and interim reports for 2007 projected an increase in revenue, operating profit and earnings per share on 2006. However, due to an underperforming last quarter and non-recurring items, only revenue showed growth on the previous year's levels. The Group's financial targets for 2007 were a minimum of 5% organic growth in revenue, a minimum of 10% growth in earnings per share and continuous improvement in return on capital employed. The shortfall in meeting the defined targets was particularly due to weak performance of Kemira Specialty, the weakened US dollar and non-recurring items.
Gross capital expenditure, excluding acquisitions, totaled EUR 254.4 million (164.7) in 2007. The largest investments involved a chemical plant constructed at the site of a pulp mill in Uruguay, for EUR 43.1 million; a paint factory constructed in the Stockholm area, for EUR 12.4 million; the deployment of a new Group-wide enterprise resource planning system, for EUR 23.3 million; and an environment-related capital investment in Pori, for EUR 17.2 million. Maintenance investments represented some 26% of capital expenditure excluding acquisitions.
The Group recorded EUR 173.8 million (123.5) in depreciation, including EUR 37.9 million as writedowns.
Gross capital expenditure, including acquisitions worth EUR 66.6 million (297.3), totaled EUR 321.0 million (462.0). Cash flow from the sale of assets, including the repayment of Kemapco loans, was EUR 0.2 million in the negative (proceeds of EUR 102.8 million). The Group's net capital expenditure totaled EUR 321.2 million (359.1).
The Group maintained a good financial position and liquidity throughout the financial year.
In 2007, the Group reported cash flows of EUR 172.1 million (216.8) from operating activities and showed a negative free cash flow of EUR 149.1 million (-142.3). Net working capital was 15.2% (15.0%) of revenue. Kemira Oyj paid out EUR 58.2 million (43.6) in dividends to its shareholders. On December 31, 2007 the Group's net liabilities stood at EUR 1,003.4 million (827.4).
Interest-bearing liabilities totaled EUR 1,056.1 million. The duration of the Group's interest-bearing loan portfolio at the year-end was 13 months (16).
Equity ratio stood at 39% (39%), while gearing was 92% (76%).
Net financial expenses increased to EUR 51.9 million (37.2), due to increases in loans raised and higher market interest rates. The Group's net financing cost was 5.2%.
Cash and cash equivalents on December 31, 2007 totaled EUR 52.6 million. The unused amount of the revolving credit facility, falling due in 2012, totaled EUR 583.3 million.
In October of 2006, Kemira signed a credit facility enabling six Group companies to sell certain account receivables to a finance company. The related credit risk transfers to the finance company and the receivables are derecognized from the Group companies' balance sheet. The amount of outstanding sold receivables on December 31, 2007, was EUR 23.7 million (15.7).
The Group's most important exchange rate risk arises from USD denominated exports from the euro area. Approximately 75% of the exchange rate risk, equivalent annually to EUR 50 million, due to exposure to the US dollar, was hedged during the year. In addition to exchange rate risk, Kemira Pigments Oy's euro denominated sales are also indirectly exposed to the US dollar, since the world market pricing of titanium dioxide is based on the US dollar. In addition, the Group is exposed to a USD risk when USD denominated items are converted into euro in the financial statements.
Kemira's risk management, based on the principle of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM), refers to the systematic and proactive identification, assessment and management of various risk categories, such as strategic, operational, hazard and financial risks.
Various Group guidelines and policies specify management objectives, the division of responsibilities and risk limits. Risk ownership remains with the business or function owner, which also assumes responsibility for the related risk management. While the Group's Risk Management function has the role of developing and coordinating risk management and risk management networks within the Group, Kemira's Internal Audit is in charge of assessing the Risk Management function and its measures.
Kemira performs risk identification and assessment by business area, applying a jointly agreed risk self-assessment methodology. Risk reporting by business area can also be supplemented by identifying and assessing risks associated with, for example, various support functions, major manufacturing plants or investment projects. Risk management action plans based on risk assessments are integrated as part of business action plans, by business area.
In order to reap cost benefits and ensure sufficient Group-level control, Kemira manages certain risk management activities on a centralized basis, including the purchase of insurance cover for certain risks, such as general third party and product liability, cargo, property and business interruption insurance for major production sites, as well as the hedging of treasury risks. The Group also manages industrial and business environment, customer and technological intelligence processes on a centralized basis.
Kemira's major strategic and operative risks are associated, for example, with acquisitions, their integration, changes in the industry, human resources, product development, sourcing and competition.
Due to the acquisitions conducted over the previous year, operations expanded markedly. Research and development expenditure totaled EUR 65.9 million (55.1), accounting for 2.3% (2.2%) of revenue. At the end of the year, the number of R&D personnel in a total of 10 countries was 730, with 60% working in Finland. The R&D organization consists of local customer service points and business area specific technology centers involved in more demanding development work, while advanced research is conducted in the Group's research centers located in Finland and managed on a centralized basis. The majority of research costs are borne by business areas, with Group financing supporting more risky long-term research and the utilization of synergies. An innovation contest opened during the year nearly quadrupled the number of inventions on the previous year.
The bulk of Kemira's business is in the chemical industry, whose products and operations are governed by numerous international agreements and regional and national legislation all over the world. The Group treats its environmental liabilities and risks in its financial statements in accordance with IFRS. The Kemira Code of Conduct contains up-to-date environmental and health and safety guidelines, compliance with law setting the minimum requirement. Management is not aware of any significant non-compliance conditions with respect to environmental and safety permits.
In 2007, capital expenditure on environmental protection at company sites totaled EUR 30.2 million (12.2) and operating costs EUR 39.1 million (35.4). Capital expenditure of around EUR 17.2 million on the management of the by-products in the Pori titanium dioxide plant represented the most significant single investment project carried out in 2007. In addition to developing new business, the investment also contributes to complying with the requirements set by the environmental permit valid from the end of the year and allows the termination of the stock piling of by-products on the site.
Provisions for environmental remediation measures, EUR 13.6 million (16.8), are mainly related to landfill closures and remediation projects for contaminated soil. The decline in provisions was mainly due to the progress of remediation measures performed, for instance, at the Kokkola site. Management is not aware of any environmental liability cases related to previous operations, which would have any significant effect on Kemira's financial position.
Corporate acquisitions and divestments did not alter the Group's overall environmental liabilities significantly. Regarding two of the sites of the water chemicals business acquired from Cytec Inc., settlements concerning the division of the environmental liabilities observed in analyses are underway in accordance with the acquisition agreement.
The new EU chemicals legislation (REACH) entered into force on 1 June, 2007. Registration, testing and risk assessment now required by the legislation increase the costs of chemical substances produced in and imported to the EU. Kemira manufactures within, or imports to, the EU area approximately 250 substances subject to registration and, additionally, about ten substances are subject to authorization. The Group has initiated the preparation of pre-registration and other measures required by the regulatory framework, under the guidance of the Kemira REACH Competence Center established in Finland. The implementation of REACH is not expected to have any major effects on the Group's competitiveness.
The frequency of occupational accidents increased slightly on the previous year, to 6.5 (6.0) accidents per million working hours, but no major industrial accidents accompanied by serious personal injuries or environmental damage occurred in 2007.
Kemira publishes an annual Environmental Report verified by a third party and prepared in accordance with IFRS and the guidelines issued by the European Chemical Industry Council (CEFIC). The report deals, for example, with emissions and effluents, waste, environmental costs, safety and product safety as well as the use of natural resources.
The number of Group employees totaled 10,007 on December 31, 2007 (December 31, 2006: 9,327), while the average payroll numbered 10,008 employees (9,186) in 2007. This growth in staff numbers came from corporate acquisitions carried out during the financial year.
The year-end number of employees in Finland, elsewhere in Europe, the Americas and Asia came to 2,885 (3,020), 4,930 (4,506), 1,709 (1,514) and 483 (287), respectively. On average Kemira Pulp&Paper had 2,315 employees (2,285) on its payroll, Kemira Water 2,189 (1,596), Kemira Specialty 1,066 (1,102), Kemira Coatings 3,883 (3,541) and Group functions 555 (662).
Salaries and wages for 2007 totaled EUR 360.4 million (326.2). Pay is determined by national collective and individual agreements, personal performance and job content. In the context of job evaluation, Kemira applies systems in global use, enabling the Group to ensure fair pay, which is competitive in the market, and provide a framework for employee performance appraisal. Basic pay is supplemented by performance-based bonus schemes, which cover a large share of Group employees.
Kemira conducts a Group-wide employee opinion survey every year, with a view to evaluating developments in leadership work and the workplace climate. The survey assesses job satisfaction and satisfaction with working conditions, leadership, communication, supervisory/managerial performance and performance on unit and Group level. Its results are compared with those of previous surveys and the corresponding surveys conducted in the industry, and are used as the basis of various development projects. With the response rate at 87% in 2007, the survey's results exceeded the global comparison index and showed a year-on-year improvement in job satisfaction. In particular, the leadership, communication and employee reward system scored better than a year ago. However, work was perceived as somewhat more stressful than a year earlier. Kemira emphasizes the importance of handling survey results on a local basis and the entire staff's involvement in analyzing results and planning and implementing any remedies.
The Kemira Code of Conduct specifies Group principles governing equality. Accordingly, Kemira treats all people equally in recruitment and working conditions, irrespective of race, gender, religious beliefs, political opinions and national and social origin. Kemira aims to achieve equal numbers of applications for vacancies by women and men, equal opportunities for competence development and career progression, equal placement on various organizational levels, equal pay for equal work and equality in other employment terms and conditions. On December 31, 2007, women accounted for 29% (29%) of Group employees and men 71% (71%).
The human resources strategy aims to promote a participative and entrepreneurial culture. The culture module of the Group-wide development program, Kemira – from Good to Great, defines the following action areas for strategy implementation: leadership skills, competence, employee involvement, rewarding, resources, safety and wellbeing programs. HR development tools employee opinion surveys, performance reviews and the 360-degree feedback method — form the basis for HR action planning, with particular attention being paid to the reward system's competitive and motivational aspects. Leadership and personal development also represent an important area. Greater employee empowerment, resource plans based on business strategies and the qualitative elements of employment — such as the diversity of duties, opportunities for employees to have their say in the workplace, others' support and employee wellbeing issues — are among the key areas in HR development. Supervisors/managers monitor and measure these success factors in cooperation with HR professionals.
Kemira Pulp&Paper – the leading global expert in pulp and paper chemistry, its energy and costefficient solutions spanning the pulp and paper industry's value chain from pulping to paper coating.
| EUR million | 2007 | 2006 | Change % |
|---|---|---|---|
| REVENUE | 1,018.3 | 993.3 | 3 |
| EBITDA | 132.0 | 137.1 | -4 |
| EBITDA, % | 13.0% | 13.8% | |
| OPERATING PROFIT | 66.8 | 90.8 | -26 |
| Operating profit, % | 6.6% | 9.1% | |
| Operating profit, excluding | |||
| non-recurring items | 78.4 | 79.8 | -2 |
| Operating profit, excluding | |||
| non-recurring items, % | 7.7% | 8.0% | |
| Capital employed * | 800.3 | 819.5 | |
| ROCE, % * | 8.3% | 11.0% | |
| Capital expenditure, | |||
| excluding acquisitions | 78.4 | 77.6 | |
| Cash flow after | |||
| investments, excluding | |||
| acquisitions | -25.2 | 65.1 | |
| Personnel at period-end | 2,285 | 2,304 |
* 12-month rolling average
Kemira Pulp&Paper's revenue grew by 3%, to EUR 1018.3 million (993.3). Acquisitions pushed revenue up by approximately EUR 50 million, while divestments depressed it by around EUR 12 million. Organic growth in local currencies was 2%. The effect of currencies, particularly of the US dollar, decreased revenue by some EUR 26 million or 3%.
Operating profit decreased to EUR 66.8 million (90.8) due, in particular, to write-downs of EUR 17.1 million carried out during the last quarter. In addition, operating profit includes EUR 5.5 million in other non-recurring income. Net effect of all non-recurring items was EUR -11.6 million. Operating profit excluding all non-recurring items declined by 2%, to EUR 78.4 million (79.8). The weakened US dollar had a negative effect on both revenue and operating profit, which was also burdened by the delayed start up of the Uruguay chemical plant. Operating profit excluding nonrecurring items stood at 7.7% (8.0%).
In June, Kemira announced its intent to increase production of calcium sulfate pigment, used as paper pigment by 25,000 tons to 175,000 tons. The value of the investment amounts to approximately EUR 5 million. Kemira's paper pigment production plants are located in Siilinjärvi, Finland. The related calcium sulfate technology has been developed and productized by Kemira in cooperation with the Finnish forest industry and related research communities. Calcium sulfate pigment is used as a filler and coating pigment for paper and cardboard.
In August, Finnish Chemicals Oy, a subsidiary of the Kemira Group, received an EU Commission Statement of Objections concerning the selling of sodium chlorate, with regard to alleged antitrust activities during 1994–2000. Kemira Oyj acquired Finnish Chemicals Oy in 2005. Finnish Chemicals has submitted its reply to the Statement of Objections.
In December, Kemira sold its 50% ownership in a Japanese hydrogen peroxide joint venture company Kemira-Ube Ltd to the other joint venture partner Ube Industries Ltd. Kemira-Ube's net sales total approximately EUR 20 million. Kemira aims to reinforce its services for Japanese pulp and paper chemical customers and is focusing its growing business in Japan on the fully owned Kemira Japan KK.
In autumn, the construction of a chemical plant in Fray Bentos, Uruguay, next to Botnia's pulp mill, was completed. Kemira's chemical plant began operating in November, once the pulp mill had obtained an authorization to begin production some months behind the planned schedule.
Kemira's new Asian Technology Center for the pulp and paper industry began operating in Shanghai during the autumn. This new center is an important link in Kemira's R&D network that now serves customers globally. In addition to the Asian Technology Center, Kemira's R&D network already covers Europe and America. Kemira Pulp&Paper is ramping up its R&D operations in Asia, especially in China, in order to serve its customers efficiently by providing solutions for local needs.
In January 2008, Jyrki Mäki-Kala began his duties as President of Kemira Pulp&Paper, as Harri Kerminen became the CEO of Kemira Oyj.
Kemira Water – a leading global expert in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment and process and drinking water treatment. Kemira Water provides products, equipment and services for municipal and industrial water treatment.
| EUR million | 2007 | 2006 | Change % |
|---|---|---|---|
| REVENUE | 730.5 | 467.6 | 56 |
| EBITDA | 80.5 | 53.4 | 51 |
| EBITDA, % | 11.0% | 11.4% | |
| OPERATING PROFIT | 45.0 | 35.3 | 27 |
| Operating profit, % | 6.2% | 7.5% | |
| Operating profit, excluding | |||
| non-recurring items | 48.1 | 35.5 | 35 |
| Operating profit, excluding | |||
| non-recurring items, % | 6.6% | 7.6% | |
| Capital employed * | 442.8 | 269.2 | |
| ROCE, % * | 10.3% | 13.4% | |
| Capital expenditure, | |||
| excluding acquisitions | 51.0 | 19.4 | |
| Cash flow after | |||
| investments, excluding | |||
| acquisitions | -10.7 | 26.7 | |
| Personnel at period-end | 2,384 | 1,846 |
* 12-month rolling average
Kemira Water's revenue increased by 56%, to EUR 730.5 million (467.6), particularly due to the acquisition of Cytec's water treatment business in October 2006. Acquisitions accounted for EUR 242.3 million of revenue growth. Demand for Kemira's water treatment chemicals and solutions remained healthy in all market areas. Organic growth in local currencies was 8%. Furthermore, the currency effect had a 4 % negative impact on revenue.
Operating profit stood at EUR 45.0 million (35.3), including non-recurring items whose net effect amounted to EUR -3.1 million (-0.2). During the last quarter of 2007, a write-down of EUR 5.8 million was recorded pertaining to the restructuring of a subsidiary acquired in Denmark and the water treatment chemicals business in the USA. Operating profit excluding non-recurring items totaled EUR 48.1 million (35.5). Operating profit as a percentage of revenue, excluding non-recurring items, decreased from 7.6% to 6.6% due to the consolidation of Cytec water treatment business, which had initially a lower profitability.
The second phase of Cytec's water treatment and acrylamide business acquisition by Kemira was confirmed in January. The first phase, which closed in October 2006, included all product lines with the exception of the Botlek site and certain assets of various subsidiaries in Asia/Pacific and Latin America. The second phase completed the transfer of the Botlek site located in the Netherlands. The aggregate purchase price totaled around EUR 199 million, including the second and last phase purchase prices and the associated costs.
In April, Kemira bought an 80% shareholding in Chongqing Lanjie Tap Water Materials Co., Ltd. This company is a producer of inorganic coagulants and organic polymers for water treatment in the municipality of Chongqing in central China. Its main client base resides in local potable water production. The company's current revenue, in the range of EUR 2 million annually, is expected to grow rapidly in the years to come.
The acquisition of two companies owned by the Brazilian company Dalquim Industria e Comercio Ltda was completed in April. With a combined annual revenue of around EUR 12 million, these companies manufacture inorganic water treatment coagulants and their main customers include the paper industry and municipalities. In addition to serving the paper industry's growing needs, the acquirees focus on the treatment of municipal drinking and wastewater in the southern states of Brazil. This acquisition will bolster Kemira's goal of intensifying mutual synergy and strengthening its position as the world's leading supplier of pulp, paper and water treatment chemicals in emerging markets.
In the beginning of October, Kemira announced that it had agreed to acquire Nheel Química Ltda, Brazil's leading water treatment chemicals company. With this acquisition, Kemira will strengthen its position in the Brazilian and Latin American water treatment market. Nheel Química's production plant is located in Rio Claro, Sao Paulo state. The plant produces the full range of coagulants, which are mainly used for the treatment of drinking water and wastewater. In 2006, Nheel Química's revenue was around EUR 24 million. This acquisition fits well with Kemira's strategy to enhance its position in fast growing emerging markets. Anti-trust approval and the fulfillment of other terms and conditions are required to close the deal.
In the beginning of October, the Finnish city of Oulu introduced a sludge treatment solution based on Kemira's Kemicond concept. Kemicond is a patented sludge treatment solution developed by Kemira. This solution enables considerable reductions in sludge volume, generating significant cost savings for Kemira's customers.
The acquisition of Arkema's coagulant business for water treatment, agreed in the spring, was realized in December. In 2006, the revenue of Arkema's coagulant business for water treatment totaled approximately EUR 19 million. Through this acquisition, Kemira has become the market leader in inorganic coagulants in France and has further reinforced its leading position in Spain. The transaction was confirmed at the beginning of December.
Kemira Specialty – the leading expert in specialty chemicals in selected customer segments, serving customers in a wide array of industries, such as the paints, cosmetics, packaging inks, feed and food industries, through its customer-driven solutions.
| EUR million | 2007 | 2006 | Change % |
|---|---|---|---|
| REVENUE | 425.9 | 456.2 | -7 |
| EBITDA | 45.1 | 77.0 | -41 |
| EBITDA, % | 10.6% | 16.9% | |
| OPERATING PROFIT | 13.5 | 45.8 | -71 |
| Operating profit, % | 3.2% | 10.0% | |
| Operating profit, excluding | |||
| non-recurring items | 24.1 | 42.2 | -43 |
| Operating profit, excluding | |||
| non-recurring items, % | 5.7% | 9.3% | |
| Capital employed * | 435.3 | 451.6 | |
| ROCE, % * | 3.1% | 10.1% | |
| Capital expenditure, | |||
| excluding acquisitions | 55.0 | 30.8 | |
| Cash flow after | |||
| investments, excluding | |||
| acquisitions | -19.7 | 53.6 | |
| Personnel at period-end | 1,028 | 1,011 |
* 12-month rolling average
Kemira Specialty's revenue decreased by 7%, to EUR 425.9 million (456.2), due to lower sales volumes in ChemSolutions business unit, continuously fierce competition in the titanium dioxide market and the clearly lower average sales price for titanium dioxide than in the previous year. Due to development of the US housing market, American companies have increased their exports of titanium dioxide to Europe, which has intensified price competition. In addition, the weakening US dollar has further improved the competitive position of American companies in Europe. Furthermore, the currency effect had a 2% negative impact on revenue.
Operating profit came to EUR 13.5 million (45.8), including non-recurring items whose net effect amounted to EUR -10.6 million (+3.6). During the last quarter, a write-down of EUR 9.2 million was recorded pertaining to the Chemidet business unit. Operating profit excluding non-recurring items totaled EUR 24.1 million (42.2). This drop in operating profit was due in particular to lower sales volumes in the ChemSolutions and the Chemidet business units, lower sales prices of titanium dioxide, the weak US dollar and strikes in titanium dioxide production.
In March, Kemira acquired Sustainable Nutrition B.V. in the Netherlands from the company's management. Kemira and the acquiree have collaborated in previous years, when Sustainable Nutrition operated as Kemira's sales, marketing and product development partner in the feed industry. The acquisition has strengthened Kemira's customer knowledge, particularly in the European feed market.
In April, Kemira concluded an agreement on acquiring all holdings in the privately owned North American company TRI-K Industries Inc. The transaction also includes Maybrook Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of TRI-K. TRI-K Industries Inc. is a distributor and producer of specialty ingredients for the cosmetics and personal care markets. Headquartered in New Jersey, US, with additional operations in Massachusetts, TRI-K currently employs 50 people and recorded consolidated revenue of approximately USD 20 million in 2006. This acquisition has expanded Kemira Specialty's offering in the cosmetics business, especially in the field of skin and health care.
In May, Kemira announced the initiation of a process to evaluate ownership alternatives for its business units Pigments and Chemidet. Kemira Pigments produces titanium dioxide pigments in Pori, Finland, and operates a technology center in Germany and the above-mentioned North American cosmetics industry company TRI-K Industries. Kemira Pigments focuses on specialty product markets such as the flexible packaging and cosmetics industries, where it holds leading market positions. Pigments' revenue in 2006 totaled EUR 230 million. Chemidet produces sodium percarbonate for the detergent industry, in Helsingborg, Sweden, its revenue being EUR 54 million in 2006.
The evaluation of ownership alternatives for Pigments was concluded in August, entailing no changes in shareholdings. The preliminary outcome of the evaluation process showed that the market value of the Pigments business unit in the current business and financial environment did not correspond to the expected future value of the business. A decision was therefore taken to halt the evaluation process and concentrate on improving the profitability and cash flow of Pigments. With respect to the Chemidet business unit, the process of assessing different ownership alternatives is continuing.
In July, Kemira announced that it would increase its production capacity of calcium propionate used for the feed and food industries by establishing a production site in China. The investment also includes production capacity for feed additive mixtures.
In the beginning of October, Kemira's subsidiary Kemira Pigments Oy announced that it had initiated negotiations under the Finnish Act on Cooperation within Undertakings with its personnel. The company is pursuing annual savings of around EUR 4.5 million. The objective is to generate these savings through structural reorganization and operational efficiency enhancement. These negotiations concluded in the reduction of 56 employees from the site's organization. The Pori plant currently employs approximately 650 staff in Finland.
In January, Kemira Pigments Oy's Pori titanium dioxide plant obtained a new environmental permit. This permit applies to the continuation of the plant's present operations by raising its capacity from 120,000 tons of pigment to 150,000 tons per year. The permit also applies to increasing the production of sulfuric acid needed by the plant, the utilization of its iron sulfate by-product, the closing of the piling areas for iron sulfate and ilmenite residue located within the plant site, and work on their surface isolation. Part of the iron sulfate, which is formed as a by-product of titanium dioxide production, and which amounts to about 500,000 tons per year, was previously piled on the site. Now it is sold entirely, to be used as a water treatment chemical or in the production of such chemicals.
Kemira Coatings – the leading regional expert in painting and coating solutions in Northern and Eastern Europe, offering services and branded products to consumers, professionals and industry.
| EUR million | 2007 | 2006 | Change % |
|---|---|---|---|
| REVENUE | 625.2 | 562.8 | 11 |
| EBITDA | 91.2 | 88.9 | 3 |
| EBITDA, % | 14.6% | 15.8% | |
| OPERATING PROFIT | 73.1 | 72.1 | 1 |
| Operating profit, % | 11.7% | 12.8% | |
| Operating profit, excluding | |||
| non-recurring items | 64.3 | 55.7 | 15 |
| Operating profit, excluding | |||
| non-recurring items, % | 10.3% | 9.9% | |
| Capital employed * | 311.0 | 310.5 | |
| ROCE, % * | 23.9% | 23.7% | |
| Capital expenditure, | |||
| excluding acquisitions | 43.5 | 22.5 | |
| Cash flow after | |||
| investments, excluding | |||
| acquisitions | 26.0 | 71.2 | |
| Personnel at period-end | 3,789 | 3,494 |
* 12-month rolling average
Kemira Coatings' revenue increased by 11%, to EUR 625.2 million (562.8). Indeed, sales development was favorable in all market areas, particularly in Russia and other CIS countries. Organic growth was 9%. Revenue was further boosted by the acquisition of two Russian industrial coating companies completed in April 2007, and the launch of the operations of the Beijing-based sales company in June.
Operating profit stood at EUR 73.1 million (72.1), including non-recurring items whose net effect amounted to EUR +8.8 million (+16.4). Excluding the effect of non-recurring items, operating profit increased by 15% to EUR 64.3 million (55.7). Operating profit as a percentage of revenue, excluding non-recurring items, rose from 9.9% to 10.3%.
April saw the completion of the acquisition of two Russian industrial coatings companies. Accordingly, Tikkurila bought 70% holdings in OOO "Gamma" and OOO "Ohtinski zavod poroshkovyh krasok" based in St Petersburg. With revenue of roughly EUR 8 million and a staff of 110, Gamma is a major manufacturer of metal-industry coatings in Russia. Ohtinski zavod poroshkovyh krasok, a manufacturer and marketer of powder coatings, has revenue of approximately EUR 3 million and a staff of 50. This acquisition will strengthen Kemira's position in the Russian metal-industry coatings market.
In May, Kemira Coatings established a new sales company in China. Tikkurila (Beijing) Paints Co., Ltd began operating on May 22, 2007, in Beijing. At the same time, Tikkurila acquired the sales company CEIEC-Feelings, operating in China. CEIEC-Feelings' business operations and its staff of 50 persons have been transferred to the new company. CEIEC-Feelings has been operating since 2002 as the importer of Tikkurila's decorative paints to China and its revenue for 2007 is estimated at approximately EUR 2 million. The completed acquisition is aimed at consolidating a basis for the development of Kemira's market position in the rapidly growing decorative paints market in China.
In August, Kemira announced that it was pursuing its strategy and strengthening its position in the Russian coatings markets. Kemira Coatings (Tikkurila) decided to build a logistics and customer service center in Moscow, in order to be able to respond to the challenges presented by powerful growth and demand. The value of the investment is approximately EUR 20 million. The center will be built in Mytish, Moscow, and its opening is scheduled for the summer of 2008. Kemira Coatings has been exporting paints and coatings to Russia for decades under the Tikkurila brand name. The company also has local production in Russia, totaling six paint factories. These products are sold under brands such as Finncolor and Teks. The objective of the new logistics and customer service center is to bring about a considerable improvement in Tikkurila's customer services in the rapidly growing market in the Moscow area. The center will also include facilities for comprehensive customer training, which is an essential part of Kemira Coatings' marketing.
In August, Alcro-Beckers AB, part of Kemira's paints and coatings business, announced its intention to sell its 50% stake in the Swedish filler producer, Scanspac, to Gyproc AB, part of Saint-Gobain. Spanspac's revenue in 2006 totaled approximately SEK 241 million (EUR 26 million). Scanspac is the leading filler producer in the Nordic area, with production units in Glanshammar and Sala in Sweden. Since Alcro-Beckers AB focuses on paint manufacturing, this divestment supports the unit's strategy. The divestment was completed at the end of September.
Furthermore, Alcro-Beckers AB is building a new paint factory in Nykvarn, south of Stockholm, in connection with the company's logistics center. Production in the new factory was launched towards the end of the year. Alcro-Beckers has been manufacturing paint in the Lövholmen area in central Stockholm since 1902. It sold its production facility in Stockholm city center last year and will relocate its production operations to Nykvarn in early 2008.
Other operations include corporate expenses not charged to the business areas, such as some research and development costs and the costs of the Kemira Corporate Center. During the year, the Group has particularly invested in harmonizing and enhancing its purchasing and logistics processes, enterprise resource planning (ERP) system and IT services. Development programs and investments of several million euros are aimed at generating cost savings in the forthcoming years as well as increasing the company's agility and flexibility in responding to changes in the business environment. Investments required for the ERP system will deviate from the original plan and corrective actions are required and therefore a write-down of EUR 15 million was carried out during the last quarter.
Other operations also include the water-soluble fertilizers unit, which is not part of Kemira's core business operations. In February, Kemira sold its shareholding (50%) in Kemira Arab Potash Company Ltd (Kemapco), part of Water Soluble, to Arab Potash Company Ltd (APC).
In March, Kemira sold all of its shares in OnePoint Oy, a provider of infrastructure and production support services in the Kokkola Industrial Park, Finland, to Kokkolan Voima, in accordance with a letter of intent signed in December 2006.
During the first quarter of the year, an error was identified and reported in the calculation of the provision recognized in 2006 due to the closure of the Water Soluble unit. This error was corrected retrospectively in the last quarter figures of 2006 in accordance with IAS 8. The provision was increased by EUR 8 million, decreasing the result for the last quarter by the same amount. The tables included in these financial statements provide more detailed information on the correction of this error.
On December 31, 2007, Kemira had 16,723 registered shareholders. Of the shares, 17% (21%) were nominee-registered.
The volume of company shares traded on the OMX Nordic Exchange Helsinki totaled 151.6 million at a total trading value of EUR 2,492.9 million. Kemira Oyj shares registered a high of EUR 19.20 and a low of EUR 13.11, the share price averaging EUR 16.42. The share closed at EUR 14.40, showing a 15% price decrease during the year. On December 31, 2007, the company's market capitalization, excluding treasury shares, totaled EUR 1,745 million (2,060).
On August 29, 2007, the State of Finland sold 40,097,420 Kemira Oyj shares to Finnish investors. The sold shares represented 32.1% of Kemira Oyj's shares. As a result of the transaction, the State of Finland's shareholding and voting rights fell to 16.52%. The State of Finland announced that the shares sold were divided between buyers as follows:
After the transaction, Kemira's main shareholder is Oras Invest Oy and its owners, members of the Paasikivi family.
During the financial year, a total of 77,389 new shares were registered following subscriptions using warrants under the 2001 stock option program. Following the corresponding increase of share capital, on the balance sheet date the company's share capital totaled EUR 221.8 million and the number of registered shares 125,045,000. The 2001 stock option program ended in May 2007.
On December 31, 2007, Kemira held 3,854,465 million treasury shares, representing 3.1% of all outstanding company shares. In February 2007, under the authorization by the Annual General Meeting, Kemira transferred 144,143 treasury shares in its possession to persons covered by the share bonus system for management. In 2007, a total of 18,938 of the shares transferred as part of this incentive plan returned to the company due to terminations of employment, in accordance with the plan's terms and conditions.
The Annual General Meeting on April 16, 2007 decided that the number of members of the Board of Directors be seven. The AGM elected the following Board members for 2007: Anssi Soila (Chairman), Eija Malmivirta (Vice Chairman), Elizabeth Armstrong, Heikki Bergholm, Ove Mattsson, Kaija Pehu-Lehtonen and Markku Tapio. In an Extraordinary General Meeting held on October 4, 2007, a decision was made to keep the number of Board members at seven. Pekka Paasikivi was elected as the Chairman and new member of the Board of Directors, and Juha Laaksonen as a new Board member. The current members, Elizabeth Armstrong, Eija Malmivirta, Ove Mattsson, Kaija Pehu-Lehtonen and Markku Tapio were elected to continue as Board members until the end of their current terms. The Board of Directors met 13 times during 2007.
The AGM elected Aulis Ranta-Muotio as Supervisory Board Chairman, Mikko Elo as the first Vice Chairman and Heikki A. Ollila as the second Vice Chairman, and the following as Supervisory Board members: Pekka Kainulainen, Mikko Långström, Susanna Rahkonen, Risto Ranki and Katri Sarlund. The EGM of October 4, 2007 decided to dissolve the Supervisory Board.
The AGM elected KPMG Oy Ab, Authorized Public Accountants, as the company's auditor, with Pekka Pajamo, Authorized Public Accountant, acting as chief auditor.
In accordance with the decision of the Annual General Meeting of April 16, 2007, a dividend of EUR 0.48 per share was paid. Occurring on April 26, 2007, the total dividend payout totaled EUR 58.2 million.
The AGM decided that the Articles of Association be altered as follows:
The AGM authorized the Board to decide to issue a maximum of 12,500,000 new shares and/or transfer a maximum of 3,848,877 treasury shares held by the company either against payment or, as part of the implementation of the Company's share-based incentive plan, without payment ("Share issue authorization"). The new shares may be issued and the treasury shares may be transferred to the Company's shareholders in proportion to their current shareholdings in the Company, or through a private placement if the Company has significant financial reasons for doing so, such as financing or implementing mergers and acquisitions, developing its capital structure, improving the liquidity of the Company's shares or if this is justified for the purpose of implementing the Company's share-based incentive plan. Furthermore, the private placement may be carried out without payment only in connection with the implementation of the Company's share-based incentive plan. The subscription price of new shares and the amount payable for treasury shares shall be recognized under unrestricted equity. The share issue authorization will remain valid until the end of the next AGM. The share issue authorization has not been used.
The AGM decided that a Nomination Committee be re-established in order to enable Kemira to prepare proposals for Board member candidates and Board emoluments, for the next AGM. The right to appoint Nomination Committee members, representing Company shareholders, will rest with the three largest shareholders who account for the largest share of the votes conferred by all of the Company's shares on November 1, preceding the AGM. In November 2007, the following persons were elected to the Nomination Committee: Pekka Timonen, Director General, Prime Minister's Office; Jari Paasikivi, CEO, Oras Invest Oy; and Risto Murto, Senior Vice President, Chief Investment Officer, Varma Mutual Pension Insurance Company. Pekka Paasikivi, Kemira Oyj's Board Chairman, is acting as an expert member of the Nomination Committee.
An Extraordinary General Meeting of Kemira Oyj was held on October 4, 2007. The EGM elected members of the Board of Directors, the number of whom remained at seven. Pekka Paasikivi was elected as the Chairman and new Board member, and Juha Laaksonen was elected as a new Board member. The current members, Elizabeth Armstrong, Eija Malmivirta, Ove Mattsson, Kaija Pehu-Lehtonen and Markku Tapio will continue as members of the Board of Directors until the expiry of their current terms.
The EGM decided to dissolve the Supervisory Board and to amend the Articles of Association as follows:
At its constitutive meeting, the Board of Directors of Kemira Oyj elected members from among the Board for the Audit Committee and the Nomination and Compensation Committee. The Board's Audit Committee members are Juha Laaksonen, Eija Malmivirta and Kaija Pehu-Lehtonen. The Audit Committee is chaired by Juha Laaksonen. The Board's Nomination and Compensation Committee members are Pekka Paasikivi, Ove Mattsson and Markku Tapio. The Committee is chaired by Pekka Paasikivi.
At the end of October, Kemira Oyj's Board of Directors appointed Harri Kerminen, M.Sc. (Eng.), MBA, 56, as the new CEO of Kemira Oyj as of January 1, 2008. Previously, Harri Kerminen was President of Pulp&Paper, Kemira's largest business area.
With effect from the same date, Kemira's President and CEO, Lasse Kurkilahti, became Senior Adviser to the Board of Kemira Oyj. Mr. Kurkilahti will remain as Senior Adviser for the first quarter of 2008, after which his contract as President and CEO will come to an end in line with a prior agreement.
Harri Kerminen has held his previous position as President of Kemira Pulp&Paper since 2006. Prior to that, he was responsible for the Kemira Specialty business. In his earlier career with Kemira, he has acted as e.g. Vice President HR of Kemira Chemicals Oy, Manager of the Oulu plants as well as working on various challenging production site projects both in Finland and abroad.
In December, Jyrki Mäki-Kala, 46, was appointed President of Kemira Pulp&Paper and member of Kemira's Management Board as of January 1, 2008. Mr. Mäki-Kala is vacating his post as Vice President, Finance & Control in Kemira Pulp&Paper business area, prior to which he had occupied several international business management positions in Kemira and in Finnish Chemicals. In his new post, he will report to Kemira's CEO Harri Kerminen.
During the financial year, a number of acquisitions and divestments were made. These are covered in further detail under the sections concerning the various business areas.
The parent company posted revenue of EUR 279.7 million (266.1) and an operating loss of EUR 22.3 million (operating loss EUR 53.1 million). The parent company bears the cost of Group management and administration as well as a portion of research costs.
The parent company's net financial expenses came to EUR 28.9 million (+3.8). Net profit was EUR 2.7 million (2.6) and capital expenditure totaled EUR 54.4 million (30.4), excluding investments in subsidiaries.
The Board of Directors will propose a per-share dividend of EUR 0.50 for 2007, corresponding to a dividend payout ratio of 95%. Excluding non-recurring write-downs the payout ratio is 57%. For the financial year 2006, Kemira paid out a dividend of EUR 0.48 per share. According to the Board's proposal, the dividend record date is March 26, 2008, and the payment date April 2, 2008.
Towards the end of the year 2007, a strategic review was commenced in Kemira Group. Based on that, Kemira is seeking to be a group of global and leading chemical businesses with unique positions in selected customer segments. Kemira aims at:
In the framework of the strategic review, decisions have been made to further develop and enhance expertise and business related to chemical water treatment solutions. The basis of Kemira's water treatment solutions lies in an efficient use of water in industrial processes and in society. In order to attain its targets, Kemira will align the operations of Kemira Pulp&Paper and Kemira Water to ensure that all synergy benefits within and between those business areas will be captured. Reflecting the special features of Kemira Coatings business, Kemira has decided to emphasize its independent nature by changing the steering structure to include a separate Board of Directors with partly external members. Kemira Specialty will be developed by maximization of profitability and cash flow.
The purpose of the strategy review is to enhance the Group's profitability and to secure future growth, and the overall review results will be ready during the first half of the year.
Kemira Group's objective is to continuously increase shareholder value. The Group's financial targets include organic growth in sales of more than 5%, operating profit of more than 10%, a positive net cash flow after capital expenditure and dividends paid, and continuous improvement in return on capital employed. Gearing comfort zone is between 40–80%. Kemira's dividend policy aims at a payout of 40–60% of the Group's operative net profit.
The visibility is poor due to the uncertainty prevailing in the world economy and particularly to the increase in prices of oil-based raw materials and energy, at least first quarter will be challenging. Kemira Group's growth is expected to continue moderately in 2008, chiefly through organic growth. As a result of enhancing of production and other operations, operating profit and earnings per share (excluding non-recurring items) are estimated to grow from the 2007 level.
The revenue for Kemira Pulp&Paper and Kemira Water will change due to internal regrouping of customer segments between these business areas in the beginning of 2008. The change will decrease Kemira Water's revenue for 2007 by around EUR 44 million, increase Kemira Pulp&Paper's revenue by around EUR 25 million and decrease eliminations between these businesses by around EUR 19 million. This change will not have a significant effect on the operating profit of the businesses. Kemira Pulp&Paper's and Kemira Water's combined revenue is estimated to grow from the 2007 level.
Global demand from Kemira Pulp&Paper's customer industries is estimated to remain good. Restructuring of customer industries' operations in North America and Europe will affect Kemira Pulp&Paper's growth and will put pressure on 2008 result and is requiring counter measures to improve the profitability. Generation of growth for the business area is projected to come principally from the emerging markets, including the first year of operation of the pulp chemical plant in Uruguay.
Kemira Water is expected to have a good organic growth. During 2008, Kemira Water will focus on the integration of acquirees, new product development and profitability improvement.
In Kemira Specialty, the demand for titanium dioxide, organic acids and sodium percarbonate is expected to be good. The average sales price in euros for titanium dioxide is not expected to rise significantly yet during the first half of the year, despite of some implemented price increases in dollar markets.
The demand for Kemira Coatings' products is estimated to remain at a good level in most market areas, with the strongest growth anticipated in Russia and other CIS countries.
Helsinki, February 6, 2008
All forward-looking statements in this review are based on the management's current expectations and beliefs about future events, and actual results may differ materially from the expectations and beliefs such statements contain.
| 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Per share figures | |||||
| Earnings per share, EUR 1) 3) 5) | 0.53 | 0.90 | 0.73 | 0.65 | 0.64 |
| Earnings per share, diluted, EUR 1) 3) 5) | 0.53 | 0.90 | 0.73 | 0.65 | 0.64 |
| Earnings per share excluding write-downs, basic and diluted, EUR 1) | 0.87 | 0.90 | 0.73 | 0.65 | 0.64 |
| Cash flow from operations per share, EUR 1) | 1.42 | 1.79 | 1.29 | 2.20 | 1.85 |
| Dividend per share, EUR 1) 2) 4) | 0.50 | 0.48 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 1.67 |
| Dividend payout ratio, % 1) 2) 3) 4) | 95.2 | 53.4 | 49.1 | 53.1 | 51.5 |
| Dividend yield 1) | 3.5 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 18.0 |
| Equity per share, EUR 1) 3) | 8.85 | 8.85 | 8.33 | 7.69 | 8.77 |
| Price per earnings per share (P/E ratio) 1) 3) | 27.40 | 18.96 | 18.40 | 15.63 | 14.38 |
| Price per equity per share 1) | 1.63 | 1.92 | 1.62 | 1.32 | 1.09 |
| Price per cash flow per share 1) | 10.14 | 9.50 | 10.45 | 4.62 | 4.97 |
| Dividend paid, EUR million 2) 4) | 60.6 | 58.1 | 43.5 | 40.9 | 199.6 |
| Share price and turnover | |||||
| Share price, year high, EUR | 19.20 | 17.17 | 14.02 | 11.69 | 9.30 |
| Share price, year low, EUR | 13.11 | 11.07 | 9.86 | 9.20 | 5.75 |
| Share price, year average, EUR | 16.42 | 14.19 | 11.59 | 10.45 | 7.39 |
| Share price, end of year, EUR | 14.40 | 17.03 | 13.48 | 10.16 | 9.20 |
| Number of shares traded (1,000), Helsinki | 151,643 | 76,252 | 65,578 | 41,991 | 23,011 |
| % of number of shares | 125 | 63 | 54 | 34 | 19 |
| Market capitalisation, end of year, EUR million | 1,745.1 | 2,060.4 | 1,627.2 | 1,222.3 | 1,087.2 |
| Increase in share capital | |||||
| Average number of shares (1,000) 1) | 121,164 | 120,877 | 120,628 | 119,187 | 118,170 |
| Average number of shares, diluted (1,000) 1) | 121,194 | 121,051 | 121,024 | 120,202 | 119,270 |
| Number of shares at end of year (1,000) 1) | 121,191 | 120,988 | 120,714 | 120,306 | 118,170 |
| Number of shares at end of year, diluted (1,000) 1) | 121,191 | 121,204 | 121,057 | 120,707 | 119,620 |
| Increase in number of shares (1,000) | 203 | 274 | 408 | 2,136 | - |
| Share capital, EUR million | 221.8 | 221.6 | 221.3 | 220.7 | 217.0 |
| Increase in share capital - share options, EUR million | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 3.7 | - |
1) Number of shares outstanding, excluding the number of shares bought back.
2) The 2007 dividend is the Board of Directors' proposal to the Annual General Meeting.
3) Year 2006 error has been corrected, Note 38.
4) The total cash dividend payout during 2004 for the 2003 financial year was EUR 39 million (EUR 0.33 per share), in addition to which GrowHow shares were distributed as a dividend to a total amount of EUR 161 million (EUR 1.34 per share). The dividend payout has been calculated according to a dividend of EUR 0.33.
5) In 2004, earnings per share from continuing operations was EUR 0.13, excluding non-recurring impairment EUR 0.50 per share.
| 2007 | 2006 2) | 2005 | 2004 | 2004 | 2003 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Continuing | ||||||
| Income statement and profitability | ||||||
| Revenue, EUR million | 2,810 | 2,523 | 1,994 | 1,695 | 2,533 | 2,738 |
| Foreign operations, EUR million | 2,370 | 2,159 | 1,642 | 1,453 | 2,124 | 2,282 |
| Sales in Finland, % | 15 | 17 | 18 | 14 | 16 | 17 |
| Exports from Finland, % | 12 | 16 | 21 | 27 | 24 | 25 |
| Sales generated outside Finland, % | 73 | 67 | 61 | 59 | 60 | 58 |
| Operating profit, EUR million 1) | 143 | 194 | 166 | 112 | 196 4) | 149 |
| % of revenue | 5 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 5 |
| Share of profit or loss of associates, EUR million 1) | ||||||
| Financial income and expenses (net), EUR million 3) | 2 | -2 | -2 | -4 | -3 68 3) |
-6 |
| 52 | 37 | 30 | 57 | 22 | ||
| % of revenue | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 3) |
1 |
| Interest cover 1) | 6 | 9 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 12 |
| Gains and losses on discontinuing operations, EUR million 4) | - | - | - | - | 40 4) | - |
| Income before taxes, EUR million | 93 | 154 | 134 | 51 | 125 | 121 |
| % of revenue | 3 | 6 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 4 |
| Net profit for the period (attributable to equity holders | ||||||
| of the parent), EUR million | 64 | 109 | 88 | 15 | 78 | 76 |
| Return on investment (ROI), % | 8 | 12 | 11 | 6 | 11 | 8 |
| Return on equity (ROE), % | 6 | 10 | 9 | 2 | 8 | 7 |
| Return on capital employed (ROCE), % | 7 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 11 | 8 |
| Research and development expenses, EUR million 5) | 66 | 55 | 43 | 39 | 45 | 48 |
| % of revenue | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Cash flow | ||||||
| Cash flow from operations, EUR million | 172 | 217 | 156 | 231 | 262 | 219 |
| Disposals of subsidiaries and property, plant and equipment, EUR million | - | 103 | 132 | 42 | 191 | 36 |
| Capital expenditure, EUR million | 321 | 462 | 402 | 165 | 215 | 236 |
| % of revenue | 11 | 18 | 20 | 10 | 9 | 9 |
| Cash flow after capital expenditure, EUR million | -149 | -142 | -115 | 108 | 238 | 19 |
| Cash flow return on capital invested (CFROI), % | 8 | 12 | 10 | 13 | 13 | 11 |
| Balance sheet and solvency | ||||||
| Non-current assets, EUR million | 1,877 | 1,811 | 1,617 | 1,135 | 1,135 | 1,534 |
| Shareholders' equity (attributable to equity holders of the parent), EUR million | 1,072 | 1,070 | 1,005 | 928 | 928 | 1,036 |
| Shareholders' equity including minority interest, EUR million | 1,087 | 1,083 | 1,019 | 956 | 956 | 1,068 |
| Liabilities, EUR million | 1,741 | 1,687 | 1,312 | 1,087 | 1,087 | 1,518 |
| Total assets, EUR million | 2,828 | 2,769 | 2,331 | 2,043 | 2,043 | 2,586 |
| Interest-bearing net liabilities, EUR million | 1,003 | 827 | 620 | 201 | 201 | 725 |
| Equity ratio, % | 39 | 39 | 44 | 47 | 47 | 41 |
| Gearing, % | 92 | 76 | 61 | 21 | 21 | 68 |
| Interest-bearing net liabilities / EBITDA | 3.2 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 2.3 |
| Personnel | ||||||
| Personnel (average) of whom in Finland |
10,008 3,033 |
9,186 3,150 |
7,717 3,146 |
7,110 2,957 |
9,714 3,986 |
10,536 4,596 |
| Exchange rates | ||||||
| Key exchange rates (31 December) | ||||||
| USD | 1.472 | 1.317 | 1.180 | 1.362 | 1.362 | 1.263 |
| SEK | 9.442 | 9.040 | 9.388 | 9.021 | 9.021 | 9.080 |
| PLN | 3.594 | 3.831 | 3.860 | 4.085 | 4.085 | 4.702 |
1) The share of profit or loss of associates is presented after financial expenses.
2) Year 2006 error has been corrected, Note 38.
3) Financial income and expenses include impairment and guarantee losses on loan receivables from associated companies, totaling EUR 44.2 million in 2004.
4) The one-time item in 2004 from discontinued operations is included in operating profit.
5) The total research and development expenses for 2007 include EUR 5.1 million (EUR 3.8 million) of depreciations on capitalized research and development expenses.
Earnings per share (EPS) Interest-bearing net liabilities Average number of shares and cash equivalents
Cash flow from operations Equity ratio, % Cash flow from operations, after change in net working Total equity x 100 capital and before investing activities Total assets - prepayments received
Cash flow from operations per share Gearing, %
Average number of shares Total equity
Dividend per share Interest cover Dividends paid Operating profit + depreciation Number of shares at end of year Net financial expenses
Equity per share
Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent at end of year Cash flow return on investment (CFROI), % Number of shares at end of year Cash flow from operations x 100
Share price at end of year Earnings per share (EPS) Capital turnover
Equity per share attributable to equity holders of the parent
Cash flow from operations per share
Number of shares traded as a percentage of weighted differences) average number of shares Interest-bearing net liabilities*
Net profit attributable to equity holders of the parent Interest-bearing liabilities - money market investments - cash
Cash flow from operations Interest-bearing net liabilities x 100
Dividend per share x 100 (Profit before taxes + interest expenses + Earnings per share (EPS) other financial expenses) x 100 (Total assets - interest-free liabilities)*
Share price at end of year Net profit attributable to equity holders of the parent x 100 Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent*
(Total assets - interest-free liabilities)*
Shares traded (volume) Operating profit + share of profit or loss of associates x 100 (Net working capital + property, plant and equipment available Price per earnings per share (P/E) for use + intangible assets + investments in associates)*
Price per equity per share (Net working capital + property, plant and equipment available Share price at end of year for use + intangible assets + investments in associates)*
Share price at end of year Operating profit + depreciation
Share turnover, % (Net financial expenses - dividend income - exchange rate
* Average
| Note | 1.1.-31.12.2007 | 1.1.-31.12.2006 * | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 2, 3 | 2,810.2 | 2,522.5 |
| Other operating income | 4 | 45.9 | 59.2 |
| Cost of sales | 5, 6, 7,8 | -2,539.2 | -2,264.5 |
| Depreciation and impairments | 9 | -173.8 | -123.5 |
| Operating profit | 2 | 143.1 | 193.7 |
| Financial income | 182.0 | 131.8 | |
| Financial expense | -233.9 | -169.0 | |
| Financial income and expenses, net | 10 | -51.9 | -37.2 |
| Share of profit or loss of associates | 2, 10 | 2.1 | -2.3 |
| Profit before tax | 93.3 | 154.2 | |
| Income tax | 11 | -25.8 | -42.0 |
| Net profit for the period | 67.5 | 112.2 | |
| Attributable to: | |||
| Equity holders of the parent | 63.7 | 108.6 | |
| Minority interest | 3.8 | 3.6 | |
| Net profit for the period | 67.5 | 112.2 | |
| Earnings per share, EUR | 12 | 0.53 | 0.90 |
| Earnings per share, diluted, EUR | 12 | 0.53 | 0.90 |
| Earnings per share excluding write-downs, basic and diluted, EUR | 12 | 0.87 | 0.90 |
* Year 2006 error has been corrected, Note 38.
EUR million
| ASSETS | Note | 31.12.2007 | 31.12.2006 * |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-current assets | |||
| Goodwill | 13 | 626.6 | 581.0 |
| Other intangible assets | 13 | 112.3 | 108.9 |
| Property, plant and equipment | 14 | 984.3 | 987.1 |
| Investments | |||
| Holdings in associates | 34, 16 | 5.5 | 8.1 |
| Available-for-sale investments | 16, 18 | 102.2 | 84.3 |
| Deferred tax assets | 22 | 5.2 | 7.7 |
| Defined benefit pension receivables | 34.6 | 24.6 | |
| Other investments | 6.4 | 9.5 | |
| Total investments | 153.9 | 134.2 | |
| Total non-current assets | 1,877.1 | 1,811.2 | |
| Current assets | |||
| Inventories | 17 | 311.2 | 293.2 |
| Receivables | 18, 19 | ||
| Interest-bearing receivables | 3.2 | 9.1 | |
| Interest-free receivables | 528.5 | 551.8 | |
| Current tax assets | 19.6 | 13.6 | |
| Total receivables | 551.3 | 574.5 | |
| Money market investments - cash equivalents | 33 | 21.4 | 35.0 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 33 | 31.2 | 41.1 |
| Total current assets | 915.1 | 943.8 | |
| Non-current assets held for sale | 37 | 35.7 | 14.4 |
| Total assets | 2,827.9 | 2,769.4 | |
| Note | 31.12.2007 | 31.12.2006 * | |
| EQUITY AND LIABILITIES | |||
| Equity | |||
| Share capital | 221.8 | 221.6 | |
| Capital paid-in in excess of par value | 257.9 | 257.9 | |
| Treasury shares | -25.9 | -26.8 | |
| Fair value reserve | 68.2 | 130.9 | |
| Retained earnings | 550.0 | 554.5 | |
| Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent | 1,072.0 | 1,069.9 | |
| Minority interest | 15.3 | 12.6 | |
| Total equity | 1,087.3 | 1,082.5 | |
| Non-current liabilities | |||
| Interest-bearing non-current liabilities | 18, 21, 25, 26 | 431.1 | 395.1 |
| Deferred tax liabilities | 22 | 105.5 | 105.9 |
| Pension liabilities | 27 | 74.2 | 66.8 |
| Provisions | 23 | 18.8 | 63.3 |
| Total non-current liabilites | 629.6 | 631.1 | |
| Current liabilities | |||
| Interest-bearing current liabilities | 18, 24, 25, 26 | 625.0 | 508.5 |
| Interest-free current liabilities | 24 | 463.9 | 508.2 |
| Current tax liabilities | 24 | 9.7 | 14.7 |
| Provisions | 23 | 6.2 | 15.5 |
| Total current liabilities | 1,104.8 | 1,046.9 | |
| Liabilities directly associated with non-current assets classified as held for sale | 37 | 6.2 | 8.9 |
| Total liabilities | 1,740.6 | 1,686.9 | |
| Total equity and liabilities | 2,827.9 | 2,769.4 | |
* Year 2006 error has been corrected, Note 38.
| Note | 2007 | 2006 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cash flows from operating activities | |||
| Operating profit | 145.2 | 199.4 | |
| Adjustments to operating profit * | -37.9 | -91.0 | |
| Depreciation and impairments | 173.8 | 123.6 | |
| Interest received | - | 12.5 | |
| Interest paid | -36.3 | -42.9 | |
| Dividend income | 2.0 | 2.0 | |
| Other financial items | - | -1.3 | |
| Income tax paid | -35.6 | -45.1 | |
| Total funds from operations | 211.2 | 157.2 | |
| Change in net working capital | |||
| Change in inventories | -7.2 | -8.1 | |
| Change in current receivables | 19.3 | -51.8 | |
| Change in interest-free current liabilities | -51.2 | 119.5 | |
| Change in net working capital, total | -39.1 | 59.6 | |
| Total cash flows from operations | 172.1 | 216.8 | |
| Cash flows from investing activities | |||
| Acquisitions of subsidiaries | 28 | -66.1 | -297.3 |
| Acquisitions of associates Purchase of other shares |
-0.5 -8.3 |
-0.1 -1.1 |
|
| Purchase of other property, plant and equipment | -246.1 | -163.5 | |
| Disposal of subsidiaries | 28 | 18.7 | 41.8 |
| Disposal of associates | -37.4 | - | |
| Proceeds from sale of other shares | - | 1.4 | |
| Proceeds from sale of other property, plant and equipment | 18.5 | 59.6 | |
| Net cash used in investing activities | -321.2 | -359.1 | |
| Cash flow before financing | -149.1 | -142.3 | |
| Cash flows from financing activities | |||
| Change in non-current loans (increase +, decrease -) | 53.7 | 173.4 | |
| Change in non-current loan receivables (increase -, decrease +) | 2.5 | 1.5 | |
| Short-term financing, net (increase +, decrease -) | 117.8 | 33.8 | |
| Dividends paid | -60.8 | -46.3 | |
| Share issue | 0.2 | 0.3 | |
| Other | 12.1 | -0.4 | |
| Net cash used in financing activities | 125.5 | 162.2 | |
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents | -23.6 | 19.9 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | 52.6 | 76.2 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 76.2 | 56.3 | |
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents | -23.6 | 19.9 |
* Non-cash flow items included in operating income (e.g. one-time impairments) and gains / losses on the sale of property, plant and equipment.
The above figures cannot be directly derived from the balance sheet. The cash flows of the business areas are shown in connection with the segment data.
In the 2006 cash flow statement, the income from insurance payments related to the property damage part of the Helsingborg sulphuric acid tank accident is reported as part of the cash flows from investing activities. The business interruption compensation is included in cash flows from operation.
| Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Share capital |
Capital paid in in excess of par value |
Fair value reserve |
differences Exchange |
Treasury shares |
Retained earnings |
Minority interest |
Total | |
| Shareholders' equity at January 1, 2006 | 221.3 | 257.8 | 67.1 | -33.9 | -27.5 | 520.7 | 13.7 | 1,019.2 |
| Net profit for the period * | - | - | - | - | - | 108.6 | 3.6 | 112.2 |
| Dividends paid | - | - | - | - | - | -43.6 | -2.8 | -46.4 |
| Treasury shares issued to key employees | - | - | - | - | 0.7 | -0.7 | - | 0.0 |
| Options subscribed for shares | 0.3 | 0.1 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.4 |
| Exchange differences | - | - | - | -1.5 | - | - | 0.4 | -1.1 |
| Hedge of net investment in foreign entities | - | - | - | 4.5 | - | - | - | 4.5 |
| Cash flow hedging: amount entered in shareholders' equity | - | - | -4.7 | - | - | - | - | -4.7 |
| Acquired minority interest | - | - | - | - | - | - | -2.3 | -2.3 |
| Share-based compensation | - | - | - | - | - | 1.1 | - | 1.1 |
| Transfer between restricted and non-restricted equity | - | - | 0.3 | - | - | -0.3 | - | 0.0 |
| Other changes | - | - | - | - | - | -0.4 | - | -0.4 |
| Shareholders' equity at December 31, 2006 | 221.6 | 257.9 | 62.7 | -30.9 | -26.8 | 585.4 | 12.6 | 1,082.5 |
| Shareholders' equity at January 1, 2007 | 221.6 | 257.9 | 62.7 | -30.9 | -26.8 | 585.4 | 12.6 | 1,082.5 |
| Net profit for the period | - | - | - | - | - | 63.7 | 3.8 | 67.5 |
| Dividends paid | - | - | - | - | - | -58.2 | -2.6 | -60.8 |
| Available-for-sale assets - change in fair value | - | - | 7.2 | - | - | - | - | 7.2 |
| Treasury shares issued to key employees | - | - | - | - | 0.8 | -0.8 | - | 0.0 |
| Options subscribed for shares | 0.2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.2 |
| Exchange differences | - | - | - | -16.2 | - | - | 0.9 | -15.3 |
| Hedge of net investment in foreign entities | - | - | - | 6.0 | - | - | - | 6.0 |
| Cash flow hedging: amount entered in shareholders' equity | - | - | -1.9 | - | - | - | - | -1.9 |
| Acquired minority interest | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Share-based compensation | - | - | - | - | - | 1.1 | - | 1.1 |
| Transfer between restricted and non-restricted equity | - | - | 0.2 | - | - | -0.2 | - | 0.0 |
| Other changes | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 |
| Shareholders' equity at December 31, 2007 | 221.8 | 257.9 | 68.2 | -41.1 | -25.9 | 591.1 | 15.3 | 1,087.3 |
| In (1,000) | Shares | Treasury | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| outstanding | Shares | Total | ||
| Jan. 1, 2006 | 120,714 | 4,088 | 124,802 | |
| Options subscribed for shares | 166 | - | 166 | |
| Treasury shares issued to target group | 117 | -117 | - | |
| Shares from the share-based arrangement given back | -9 | 9 | - | |
| Dec. 31, 2006 | 120,988 | 3,980 | 124,968 | |
| Jan. 1, 2007 | 120,988 | 3,980 | 124,968 | |
| Options subscribed for shares | 77 | - | 77 | |
| Treasury shares issued to target group | 144 | -144 | - | |
| Shares from the share-based arrangement given back | -19 | 19 | - | |
| Dec. 31, 2007 | 121,191 | 3,854 | 125,045 | |
Kemira had in its possession 3,854,465 of its treasury shares at December 31, 2007. Their average share price was EUR 6.73 and they represented 3.1% of the share capital and the aggregate number of votes conferred by all shares.
The capital paid-in in excess of par value is a reserve accumulating through subscriptions entitled by the Management stock option program 2001 and is based on the Finnish Companies Act (734/1978). According to IFRS, the Fair Value reserve is a reserve accumulating based on available-for-sale financial assets (shares) measured at fair value and hedge accounting.
Kemira is a chemicals group made up of four business areas: Kemira Pulp&Paper (pulp and paper chemicals), Kemira Water (water treatment chemicals), Kemira Specialty (specialty chemicals) and Kemira Coatings (paints).
Kemira is seeking to be a global group of leading chemical businesses with a unique competitive position and a high degree of mutual synergy. The company's business includes the water-soluble fertilizer business remaining with Kemira as a result of the spin-off of GrowHow, as well as the energy units.
The Group's parent company, Kemira Oyj, is domiciled in Helsinki, Finland, and its registered address is Porkkalankatu 3, FIN-00180 Helsinki.
Kemira has prepared its consolidated financial statements in accordance with IAS and IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards), issued by the IASB (International Accounting Standards Board), and the related SIC and IFRIC interpretations. In the Finnish Accounting Act and its provisions, the International Financial Reporting Standards refer to the approved standards and their interpretations under European Union Regulation No. 1606/2002, regarding the application of the International Financial Reporting Standards applicable within the Community. Kemira has applied IFRS since the financial year 2004 and applied IFRS 1 First-time Adoption of IFRS on January 1, 2003, the date of transition to IFRS. The Group has applied the standards effective as of December 31, 2007 to the financial year 2007, including comparatives for the financial year 2006.
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared based on historical cost unless otherwise stated in the accounting policies below. Among the items measured at fair value are available-for-sale financial assets, financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss and share-based payments on their grant date.
Since January 1, 2007, the Group has applied the following revised standards:
The consolidated financial statements include the parent company and its subsidiaries. In these companies, the parent company holds, on the basis of its shareholdings, more than half of the voting rights directly or through its subsidiaries or otherwise exercises control. Divested companies are included in the income statement until the date on which control ceases, and companies acquired during the year are included from the date on which control transfers to the Group.
All intra-Group transactions are eliminated. The purchase method is used to eliminate intra-Group shareholdings. The difference between the acquisition cost over fair value of the net assets acquired is allocated partly to the identifiable assets and liabilities. Any resulting excess is recorded as goodwill.
Profit for the financial year attributable to the holders of parent company equity and minority shareholders is presented in the income statement. The portion of equity attributable to minority shareholders is stated as an individual item (minority interest) under equity in the balance sheet. Minority shareholders' share of accrued
losses is recognized up to the maximum amount of their investment. Any excess is allocated against the share of majority shareholders, except to the extent that minority shareholders have a binding obligation to cover losses.
Associated companies are companies over which the Group exercises significant influence (shareholding of 20–50 percent). Holdings in associated companies are presented in the consolidated financial statements using the equity method. The Group's share of the associated companies' net profit for the financial year is stated as a separate item in the consolidated income statement, in proportion to the Group's holdings.
If the Group's share of an associate's losses exceeds the carrying amount, the exceeding losses will not be consolidated unless the Group has a commitment to fulfill obligations on behalf of the associate.
Joint ventures are companies over which the Group shares control with other parties. They are included in the consolidated financial statements line by line using the proportionate consolidation method.
In the consolidated financial statements, the income statements of foreign subsidiaries are translated into euros using the financial year's average exchange rates and their balance sheets using the exchange rates quoted on the balance sheet date. Any resulting translation difference is recognized as a separate item under equity. Goodwill and fair value adjustments to assets and liabilities that arise on the acquisition of a foreign entity are accounted for as part of the assets and liabilities of the acquired entity and translated into euros at the rate quoted on the balance sheet date.
The "Hedge accounting" section describes hedging of net investment in the Group's foreign units. In the consolidated financial statements, the exchange rate gains and losses of such loans and forward and currency swap contracts are credited or charged to equity, as required by hedge accounting requirements, against the translation differences arising from the translation of the shareholders' equity amounts of the last confirmed balance sheets of the subsidiaries. Other translation differences affecting shareholders' equity are stated as an increase or decrease in equity.
In their day-to-day accounting, Group companies translate foreign currency transactions into their functional currency at the exchange rates quoted on the transaction date. In the financial statements, foreign currencydenominated receivables and liabilities are measured at the exchange rates quoted on the balance sheet date, and non-monetary items using the rates quoted on the transaction date. Any foreign exchange gains and losses related to normal business operations are treated as adjustments to sales and purchases. Exchange rate differences associated with the hedging of financing transactions and the Group's overall foreign currency position are stated in foreign exchange gains or losses under financial income and expenses. Subsidiaries mainly hedge sales and purchases in foreign currencies, primarily using forward contracts taken out with the Group Treasury as hedging instruments. The effects of subsidiaries' hedging transactions are recognized as adjustments to business units' revenue and purchases.
Revenue includes the total invoicing value of products sold and services rendered less, as adjusting items, sales tax, discounts, rebates and foreign exchange differences in accounts receivable.
The sale of goods is recognized as revenue in the income statement when major risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have been transferred to the buyer. Construction contracts account for a very
insignificant share of consolidated sales. Revenue and costs associated with construction contracts are recognized as revenue and expenses, using the percentage-of-completion method.
The Group has various pension plans, in accordance with the local conditions and practices in the countries in which it operates. Pension plans are generally funded through contributions to separate pension funds or insurance companies. Contributions under defined contribution plans are recognized in the income statement for the period when an employee has rendered service.
The Group calculates obligations under defined benefit plans separately for each plan. The amount recognized as a defined benefit liability (or asset) equals the net total of the following amounts: the present value of the defined benefit obligation less the fair value of plan assets, plus any actuarial gains and less any actuarial losses. Defined benefit plans are calculated by using the Projected Unit Credit Method to make an estimate of the amount of benefit that employees have earned in return for their service in the current and prior periods. Pension costs are recognized as expenses over the employee's service period using actuarial calculations. The rate used to discount the present value of post-employment benefit obligations is determined by reference to market yields on high quality corporate bonds, or government bonds.
Actuarial gains or losses are recorded over the average remaining working lives of the participating employees to the extent that they exceed the higher of the following: 10% of the pension obligation or 10% of the fair value of plan assets.
The funded portion of the Finnish system under the Employees' Pensions Act (TEL) and the disability portion are accounted for as a defined benefit plan in respect of the pension plans managed by the Group's own pension funds. Pension fund assets are measured in accordance with IAS 19 (Employee Benefits). The TEL plans managed by insurance companies are treated as a contribution plan.
Cash payments received from share subscriptions based on the exercise of stock options under the program determined in 2001 are recognized in share capital or the share premium fund. Share subscription under the stock option program ended in May 2007. According to the transition provisions of IFRS 2, no expense is recognized in the income statement for these options granted prior to November 7, 2002.
Stock options under the share-based incentive plan for key employees, as decided by the Board of Directors, are measured at fair value on their grant date and expensed over the instrument's vesting period. On each balance sheet date, the Group updates the assumed final number of shares and the amounts of the related cash payment. Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, Share-based payments, provides information on the arrangement and its measurement factors.
Borrowing costs are expensed as incurred.
The income taxes presented in the consolidated financial statements include taxes based on the taxable profit of the Group companies for the financial period, and changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities.
Deferred tax liability is calculated on all temporary differences arising between the carrying amount and the taxable value. Deferred tax assets, related e.g. to confirmed losses, are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the Group companies are able to utilize these deferred taxes. The tax bases in force on the date of preparing the financial statements or enacted by the balance sheet date for the following financial year are used in calculating tax assets and liabilities.
Research costs are expensed. Development costs, whereby research findings are applied to a plan or design for the production of new or substantially improved products and processes, are capitalized if the product or process is technically and commercially feasible and the Group has sufficient resources to complete its development and use or sell the intangible asset. Since most of the Group's development costs do not meet the above-mentioned recognition criteria, they are expensed as annual costs.
Capitalized development costs are included in "Other intangible assets" and amortized over the asset's useful life of a maximum of eight years.
Property, plant and equipment (PPE) and intangible assets (with definite useful lives) are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation/amortization and any impairment losses.
Depreciation/amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over the asset's useful life. The most commonly applied depreciation/amortization periods according to the Group's accounting policies are as follows:
| Machinery and equipment | 3-15 years |
|---|---|
| Buildings and constructions | 25 years |
| Intangible assets | 5-10 years |
Goodwill is measured at cost less any impairment losses.
Gains and losses on the sale of non-current assets are included in operating income and expenses, respectively. Interest expenses are not recognized as part of the acquisition cost of non-current assets. The costs of major inspections or overhaul of PPE performed at regular intervals and identified as separate components are capitalized and depreciated over their useful lives. Depreciation on PPE discontinues when they are re-classified as available for sale assets.
Government grants related to the purchase of PPE are presented in the balance sheet by deducting the grant from the carrying amount of these assets. The grants are recognized in the income statement in the form of smaller depreciation during the asset's useful life. Government grants related to research and development are deducted from expenses.
Leases involving tangible assets, in which the Group acts as a lessee, are classified as finance leases if substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership transfer to the Group.
At their inception, finance leases are recognized at the lower of the fair value of the leased asset and the present value of the minimum lease payments. Finance leases are presented as part of non-current assets and interest-bearing liabilities. In respect of finance lease contracts, depreciation on the leased asset and interest expenses from the related liability are shown in the income statement. In respect of operating leases, lease payments are accounted for as expenses.
When the Group is a lessor, it recognizes assets held under a finance lease as receivables in the balance sheet. Assets held under other operating leases are included in PPE.
In accordance with IFRIC 4 (Determining whether an Arrangement Contains a Lease), since January 1, 2006 the Group has also treated arrangements as leases that do not take the legal form of a lease but which convey rights to use assets in return for a payment or series of payments.
Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined on a first-in firstout (FIFO) basis or using a weighted average cost formula, depending on the nature of the inventory. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price of an inventory item less the estimated costs of sale. The cost of finished goods and work in process include an allocable proportion of production overheads.
When financial assets or liabilities are initially accounted for on the trade date, they are measured at cost, which equals the fair value of the consideration given or received for it. Following their initial measurement, financial assets are classified as financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, loans given by the company and other receivables, and available-for-sale assets.
| Category | Financial instrument | Measurement |
|---|---|---|
| Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss |
Forward contracts, currency options, currency swaps, forward rate agreements, interest rate futures, interest rate options, interest rate swaps, electricity forwards, propane futures, certificates of deposit, commercial papers, mutual funds |
Fair value |
| Loans and other receivables |
Long-term loan receivables, bank deposits, trade receivables and other receivables |
(Amortized) acquisition cost |
| Available-for-sale financial assets |
Shares | Fair value |
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value. Fair value is the amount for which an asset could be exchanged between knowledgeable, willing parties in an arm's length transaction. Derivative contracts not fulfilling the criteria set for hedge accounting under IAS 39 are classified as financial assets held for trading. These are classified as financial assets at fair value through profit or loss. In the balance sheet, these items are shown under prepaid expenses and accrued income and accrued expenses and prepaid income. Any gains or losses arising from changes in fair value are recognized through profit or loss on the transaction date.
Loans and receivables include long-term receivables carried at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method and accounting for any impairment.
Available-for-sale financial assets are measured at fair value if it is considered that the fair value can be determined reliably. Unrealized changes in the value of available-for-sale financial assets are recognized directly under equity up to the time of sale, at which point they are derecognized and transferred to the income statement. Available-for-sale financial assets include shares in listed and non-listed companies, shareholding in Teollisuuden Voima Oy representing the largest investment. Teollisuuden Voima Oy is a private, electricity-generating company owned by Finnish manufacturing and power companies, to which Teollisuuden Voima Oy (TVO) supplies electricity at cost. The company owns and operates two nuclear power plants in Olkiluoto in the municipality of Eurajoki. In addition to the Olkiluoto nuclear power plant, TVO is a shareholder of the Meri-Pori coal-fired power plant. Kemira Oyj's holding in TVO is measured at fair value, based on the discounted cash flow resulting from the difference between the market price of electricity and the cost price.
Financial liabilities are classified as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss and other financial liabilities. Financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss include derivatives not fulfilling the criteria set for hedge accounting.
| Category | Financial instrument | Measurement |
|---|---|---|
| Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss |
Forward contracts, currency options, currency swaps, forward rate agreements, interest rate futures, interest rate options, electricity forwards, interest rate swaps |
Fair value |
| Other liabilities | Short and long-term loans, pension loans | (Amortized) acquisition cost |
The fair values of forward rate agreements and units in mutual funds as well as publicly traded shares are based on prices quoted in active markets on the balance sheet date. The value of other financial instruments measured at fair value is determined on the basis of valuation models using information available in the financial market. For value determination, Kemira uses values calculated on the basis of market data entered in the Twin treasury management system.
Changes in the value of forward contracts are calculated by measuring the contracts against the forward exchange rates on the balance sheet date and comparing these with the countervalues calculated through the forward exchange rates on the date of entry into the forward contracts. The fair value of currency options is calculated using the Black & Scholes valuation model for options as adapted to Kemira's currency environment. The input data required for valuation, such as the exchange rate of the destination country's currency, the contract exchange rate, volatility and the risk-free interest rate are obtained from the Reuters system. The fair value of interest rate derivatives is determined using the market value of similar instruments on the balance sheet date. Other derivatives are measured at the market price on the balance sheet date.
All of the derivatives open on the balance sheet date are measured at their fair value. As a rule, open derivative contracts at fair value are recognized through profit or loss under financial items in the consolidated financial statements. The number of embedded derivatives used by the Group is low.
The company assesses any impairment losses on its financial instruments on each balance sheet date. An impairment of a financial asset occurs when the company has identified an event with a negative effect on the future cash flows from the investment. For items measured at amortized cost, the amount of the impairment loss equals the difference between the asset's carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows from the receivable. This is discounted at the financial asset's original effective interest rate. For items measured at fair value, the fair value determines the amount of impairment. Impairment charges are recognized under financial items in the income statement.
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash in hand, demand deposits and other short-term, highly liquid investments. Items classified as cash and cash equivalents have a maximum maturity of three months from the date of purchase. Binding credit facilities are included in current interest-bearing liabilities.
The Group sells certain trade receivables to finance companies within the framework of limits stipulated in the agreement. The credit risk associated with these sold receivables and contractual rights to the financial assets in question are transferred from the company on the selling date. The related expenses are charged to financial expenses.
According to IAS 39, hedge accounting refers to a method of accounting aimed at allocating one or more hedging instruments in such a way that their fair value offsets, in full or in part, changes in the fair value of the hedged item or cash flows. Hedge accounting is used to hedge against the interest rate risk and the currency risk associated with a net investment in a foreign unit, as well as the commodity risk. The hedge accounting models used include cash flow hedge and hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation.
Cash flow hedge is used to hedge against cash flow changes attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognized asset or liability in the balance sheet or a highly probable future transaction. Interest rate instruments are used as instruments in hedging cash flows. The Group applies only selected hedging items
to its cash-flow hedge accounting, as specified by IAS 39. Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments associated with cash flow hedge are recognized in equity, provided that they fulfill the criteria set for hedge accounting and are based on effective hedge. The ineffective portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recognized under financial items in the income statement. Derivatives not fulfilling the hedge accounting criteria are recorded in financial items through profit or loss.
A net investment made in a foreign operation is hedged against interest rate fluctuations by raising long-term loans in foreign currency and by entering into forward rate agreements and currency swaps. Changes in the value of the effective portion of the fair value of derivative contracts fulfilling the criteria for hedging a net investment in a foreign operation are recognized directly under equity. In forward exchange contracts, the interest rate difference to be left outside the change in value of the hedging relationship is recognized as financial income or expenses. Any gains or losses arising from hedging a net investment are recorded in the income statement when the net investment is sold. The ineffective portion of the hedging is recognized immediately under financial items in the income statement.
Hedge effectiveness is monitored as required by IAS 39. Effectiveness refers to the capacity of a hedging instrument to offset changes in the fair value of the hedged item or cash flows from a hedged transaction, which are due to the realization of the risk being hedged. A hedging relationship is considered to be highly effective when the change in the fair value of the hedging instrument offsets changes in the cash flows attributable to the hedged risk in the range of 80–125 percent. Hedge effectiveness is assessed on an ongoing basis, prospectively and retrospectively. Testing for hedge effectiveness is repeated on each balance sheet date.
Hedge accounting discontinues when the criteria for hedge accounting are no longer fulfilled. Gains or losses recognized in equity are derecognized and transferred immediately under financial income or expenses in the income statement if the hedged item is sold or falls due. Gains or losses arising from changes in the fair value of those derivatives not fulfilling the hedge accounting criteria under IAS 39 are reported directly in the income statement.
At the inception of a hedge, the Group has documented the existence of the hedging relationship, and it includes identification of the hedging instrument, the hedged item or transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged, the objectives of risk management and the strategy for undertaking hedging as well as a description of how hedge effectiveness is assessed.
Purchases of own shares (treasury shares), including the related costs, are deducted directly from equity in the consolidated financial statements.
Provisions are recognized in the balance sheet when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate of the amount of this obligation can be made. A restructuring provision is recognized only if a detailed and appropriate plan has been prepared for it and the plan's implementation has begun or it has been notified to those whom the restructuring concerns. The amount recognized as a provision is the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation on the balance sheet date. If the time value of money is material, provisions will be discounted.
Non-current assets held for sale and assets connected with discontinued operations are classified as held for sale, under IFRS 5 (Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations). They are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell if their carrying amount is recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. Depreciation on these assets discontinues at the time of classification. A discontinued operation must be recognized as a separate
business unit or a unit representing a geographical area. The profit or loss of the discontinued operation is stated as a separate item in the consolidated income statement.
On each balance sheet date, the Group's assets are assessed to determine whether there is any indication of an asset's impairment. If any indication of an impaired asset exists, the recoverable amount of the asset or the cash-generating unit must be calculated on the basis of the value in use or the net selling price. Annual impairment tests cover goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives, or intangible assets not yet ready for use.
Kemira has defined its strategic business unit as a cash-generating unit. The level of a strategic business unit is one notch down from a business area.
Goodwill impairment is tested by comparing the strategic business unit's recoverable amount with its carrying amount. Kemira does not have material intangible assets with indefinite useful lives other than goodwill. All goodwill has been allocated to the strategic business units.
The recoverable amount of a strategic business unit is defined as its value in use, which consists of the discounted future cash flows to the unit. Estimates of future cash flows are based on continuing use of an asset and on the latest three-year forecasts by the business unit's management. The growth rate used to extrapolate cash flows subsequent to the forecast period was assumed to be zero. Cash flow estimates do not include the effects of improved asset performance, investments or future reorganizations. The Kemira Corporate Center's expenses are allocated to the strategic business units in proportion to revenue.
An impairment loss is recognized in the income statement whenever the carrying amount of an asset or a cash-generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount. Losses are recognized in the income statement. Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements provides more detailed information on impairment testing.
If there has been a positive change in the estimates used to determine an asset's recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized, an impairment loss should be reversed only to the extent that the asset's carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined if no impairment loss had been recognized. An impairment loss for goodwill is never reversed.
Kemira holds assigned emissions allowances, under the EU emissions trading system, only at its Helsingborg site in Sweden. Kemira calculates its carbon dioxide allowances and provisions for emissions according to the current IFRS standards. Carbon dioxide allowances are accounted for as intangible assets measured at cost. Carbon dioxide allowances received free of charge are measured at their nominal value (zero). Provisions for the fulfillment of the obligation to return allowances must be recognized if the free-ofcharge allowances are not sufficient to cover actual emissions. Kemira's balance sheet shows no items related to emissions allowances when the volume of actual emissions is lower than that of the free-of-charge emissions allowances and the Group has not bought allowances in the market. Note 32 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, Environmental Risks and Liabilities, provides information on emissions allowances.
Preparing the financial statements requires the company's management to make certain future accounting estimates and assumptions, and actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions.
The impairment tests of goodwill and other assets include determining future cash flows, which, in light of the most significant assumptions, are based on gross margin levels, discount rates and the projected period. Major adverse developments in cash flows and interest rates may necessitate the recognition of an impairment loss.
Kemira's investments include non-listed shares, holdings in Teollisuuden Voima Oy representing the largest investment. Kemira's shareholding in the company is measured at fair value, based on the discounted cash flow resulting from the difference between the market price of electricity and the cost price. Developments in
the actual fair value may differ from the estimated value, due e.g. to electricity prices, the forecast period or the discount rate.
Determining pension liabilities under defined benefit pension plans includes assumptions, and significant changes in these assumptions may affect the amounts of pension liabilities and expenses. Actuarial calculations include assumptions by the management, such as expected long-term return on assets in pension funds, the discount rate and assumptions of salary increases and the termination of employment contracts. Actual share price changes in the market, among other things, may differ from the management's assumptions.
Recognizing provisions requires the management's estimates, since the exact euro amount of obligations related to provisions is not known when preparing the financial statements. For the recognition of tax losses and other deferred tax assets, the management assesses the probability of a future taxable profit against which unused tax losses and unused tax credits can be utilized. Actual profits may differ from the forecasts and, in this case, the change will affect the taxes in future periods.
The Group has not applied the following standards, whose use is not mandatory for the financial year starting on January 1, 2007, but which can be applied prior to their effective date:
The Group estimates that the adoption of the following interpretations will have no effect on future financial statements:
At the beginning of 2007, the Group was organized in the following main business areas: Kemira Pulp&Paper, Kemira Water, Kemira Specialty and Kemira Coatings. Intra-Group transfer prices are based primarily on market prices. In some cases, for example where marketing companies are involved, cost-based prices are used, thereby including the margin (cost plus method).
The assets and liabilities of businesses comprise assets and liabilities which can be allocated, directly or justifiably, to the businesses in question. The assets of the business segments include property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, interest in associated companies, inventories and interest-free receivables. Current interest-free liabilities are included in the liabilities of the business segments.
| 2007 | Kemira Pulp&Paper |
Kemira Water |
Kemira Specialty |
Kemira Coatings |
Other | Group |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Income statement | ||||||
| External revenue | 1,005.9 | 704.2 | 410.3 | 625.2 | 64.6 | 2,810.2 |
| Intra-Group revenue | 12.4 | 26.3 | 15.6 | - | -54.3 | - |
| Total revenue | 1,018.3 | 730.5 | 425.9 | 625.2 | 10.3 | 2,810.2 |
| Operating profit | 66.8 | 45.0 | 13.5 | 73.1 | -55.3 | 143.1 |
| Share of profit or loss of associates | - | 0.9 | - | 1.2 | - | 2.1 |
| Other information | ||||||
| Assets of businesses | 1,001.0 | 602.7 | 499.9 | 397.7 | 86.7 | 2,588.0 |
| of which holdings in associates | 0.5 | 4.5 | - | 0.5 | - | 5.5 |
| Unallocated assets | 239.9 | |||||
| Consolidated assets, total | 2,827.9 | |||||
| Liabilities of businesses Unallocated liabilities |
149.6 | 119.5 | 68.6 | 84.2 | 51.8 | 473.7 1,266.9 |
| Consolidated liabilities, total | 1,740.6 | |||||
| Capital expenditure | -78.4 | -105.2 | -61.7 | -49.3 | -26.4 | -321.0 |
| Impairments and reversals of impairments | -17.1 | -5.9 | - | - | -14.9 | -37.9 |
| Other non-cash items | - | - | -11.9 | - | 3.9 | -8.0 |
| Non-current assets held for sale | - | - | 34.2 | - | 1.5 | 35.7 |
| Cash flows | ||||||
| Cash flows from operations | 43.9 | 35.9 | 31.8 | 51.4 | 9.1 | 172.1 |
| Net capital expenditure | -69.1 | -100.8 | -58.1 | -30.7 | -62.5 | -321.2 |
| Business segments | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2006 | Kemira Pulp&Paper |
Kemira Water |
Kemira Specialty |
Kemira Coatings |
Other* | Group |
| Income statement | ||||||
| External revenue | 980.5 | 458.2 | 442.1 | 562.8 | 78.9 | 2,522.5 |
| Intra-Group revenue | 12.8 | 9.4 | 14.1 | - | -36.3 | - |
| Total revenue | 993.3 | 467.6 | 456.2 | 562.8 | 42.6 | 2,522.5 |
| Operating profit | 90.8 | 35.3 | 45.8 | 72.1 | -50.3 | 193.7 |
| Share of profit or loss of associates | -0.5 | 0.6 | - | 1.4 | -3.9 | -2.3 |
| Other information | ||||||
| Assets of businesses | 1,031.8 | 532.1 | 531.0 | 398.8 | 27.2 | 2,520.9 |
| of which holdings in associates | 0.4 | 4.4 | - | 3.3 | - | 8.1 |
| Unallocated assets | 240.4 | |||||
| Consolidated assets, total | 2,769.4 | |||||
| Liabilities of businesses | 243.1 | 288.1 | 93.2 | 98.4 | 48.1 | 770.9 |
| Unallocated liabilities | 916.0 | |||||
| Consolidated liabilities, total | 1,686.9 | |||||
| Capital expenditure | -166.4 | -202.2 | -32.1 | -46.9 | -14.4 | -462.0 |
| Impairments and reversals of impairments | -2.1 | -0.6 | - | - | -1.5 | -4.2 |
| Other non-cash items | -1.6 | -0.9 | - | - | -4.7 | -7.3 |
| Non-current assets held for sale | 3.5 | - | - | 0.3 | 10.6 | 14.4 |
| Cash flows | ||||||
| Cash flows from operations | 106.4 | 38.2 | 73.0 | 55.1 | -56.0 | 216.8 |
| Net capital expenditure | -130.2 | -194.2 | -20.9 | -8.3 | -5.5 | -359.1 |
| * Year 2006 error has been corrected, Note 38. | ||||||
| Geographical segments | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
| Revenue | ||||||
| Finland | 440.5 | 442.8 | ||||
| Other EU countries | 1,146.0 | 1,001.1 | ||||
| Rest of Europe | 305.4 | 270.1 | ||||
| North and South America | 750.6 | 663.5 | ||||
| Asia | 134.9 | 121.9 | ||||
| Other countries | 32.8 | 23.1 | ||||
| Total | 2,810.2 | 2,522.5 | ||||
| Assets | ||||||
| Finland | 988.3 | 935.6 | ||||
| Other EU countries | 1,099.9 | 1,122.0 | ||||
| Rest of Europe | 109.3 | 104.4 | ||||
| North and South America | 582.2 | 548.1 | ||||
| Asia | 46.2 | 57.1 | ||||
| Other countries | 2.0 | 2.1 | ||||
| Total | 2,827.9 | 2,769.4 | ||||
| Capital expenditure | ||||||
| Finland | 99.3 | 62.8 | ||||
| Other EU countries | 106.7 | 193.4 | ||||
| Rest of Europe | 21.2 | 31.9 | ||||
| North and South America | 86.0 | 160.1 | ||||
| Asia | 7.8 | 12.9 | ||||
| Other countries | - | 0.9 | ||||
| Total | 321.0 | 462.0 |
The revenue of geographical segments is based on the location of customers and the total carrying amount of assets is based on the geographical location of assets.
| 3. REVENUE | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue by business segment | ||
| Kemira Pulp&Paper | 1,018.3 | 993.3 |
| Kemira Water | 730.5 | 467.6 |
| Kemira Specialty | 425.9 | 456.2 |
| Kemira Coatings | 625.2 | 562.8 |
| Other and intra-Group sales | 10.3 | 42.6 |
| Total | 2,810.2 | 2,522.5 |
| Revenue by geographical segment, as a percentage of total revenue | ||
| Finland | 16 | 18 |
| Other EU countries | 40 | 39 |
| Rest of Europe | 11 | 11 |
| North and South America | 27 | 26 |
| Asia | 5 | 5 |
| Other countries | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 100 | 100 |
| 4. OTHER OPERATING INCOME | 2007 | 2006 |
| Gains on sale of property, plant and equipment | 20.4 | 31.9 |
| Rental income | 1.3 | 1.6 |
| Insurance compensation | 4.1 | 12.5 |
| Consulting | 14.3 | 4.6 |
| Sale of scrap and waste | 0.4 | 0.1 |
| Income from royalties, knowhow and licences | 0.5 | -0.1 |
| Other income from operations | 4.9 | 8.6 |
| Total | 45.9 | 59.2 |
Gains on sale of property, plant and equipment in 2007 include gains on sale of subsidiaries (EUR 12.3 million) as well as gains on sale of property and production facilities.
Gains on sale of property, plant and equipment in 2006 include the gains on sale of the manufacturing-facility in Stockholm (EUR 16.4 million) as well as the gains on sale of the Helsingborg facility and the South Korean hydrogen peroxide unit. In 2006, the amount of insurance compensation (EUR 7.6 million) related to sulphuricacid chamber accident was recognised as other operating income. The amount of insurance compensation equalled to capital expenditure amount.
| 5. COST OF SALES | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Change in inventories of finished goods | 13.7 | -14.1 |
| Own work capitalised 1) | -5.5 | -5.1 |
| Materials and services | ||
| Materials and supplies | ||
| Purchases during the financial year | 1,333.3 | 1,251.7 |
| Change in inventories of materials and supplies | 4.3 | -8.3 |
| External services 2) | 63.3 | 26.5 |
| Total materials and services | 1,400.9 | 1,269.9 |
| Personnel expenses | 461.4 | 420.4 |
| Rents | 43.5 | 30.0 |
| Loss on the sales of property, plant and equipment | 1.9 | 0.4 |
| Other expenses 3) | 623.3 | 563.1 |
| Total | 2,539.2 | 2,264.5 |
1) Own work capitalised comprises mainly wages, salaries and other personnel expenses and changes in inventories relating to self-constructed property, plant and equipment for own use.
2) External services include audit fees of EUR 1.8 million (EUR 1.9 million) and fees for ancillary services of EUR 1.9 million (EUR 2.3 million) paid to the companies operated by the firm of independent public accountants KPMG, in different countries. Auditing fees and fees for ancillary services paid to auditing companies other than KPMG were EUR 2.5 million (EUR 2.1 million).
3) Year 2006 error has been corrected, Note 38.
In 2007, income statement included a net decrease in non-current and current provisions amounting to EUR 53.8 million (net decrease EUR 44.4 million).
| 2007 | 2006 | |
|---|---|---|
| Research and development expenses total | 65.9 | 55.1 |
The total research and development expenses for 2007 include EUR 5.1 million (EUR 3.8 million) of depreciations on capitalized research and development expenses.
| Emoluments of the Supervisory Board | - | 0.1 |
|---|---|---|
| Emoluments of boards of directors and managing directors 1) | 19.5 | 17.1 |
| Other wages and salaries | 340.9 | 309.0 |
| Pension expenses for defined benefit plans | 15.2 | 8.9 |
| Pension expenses for defined contribution plans | 38.5 | 30.6 |
| Other personnel expenses | 47.3 | 54.7 |
| Total | 461.4 | 420.4 |
1) The emolument of Kemira Oyj's managing director was EUR 1,660,727 (1,349,319), including bonuses of EUR 1,003,262 (651,111). The managing director received as part of bonuses 15,300 (13,800) Kemira shares. The emolument of Kemira Oyj's deputy managing director was EUR 773,717 (614,548), including bonuses of EUR 462,257 (327,225). The deputy managing director received as part of bonuses 6,962 (6,900) Kemira shares.
| 2007 | 2006 | |
|---|---|---|
| Personnel, average | ||
| Kemira Pulp&Paper | 2,315 | 2,285 |
| Kemira Water | 2,189 | 1,596 |
| Kemira Specialty | 1,066 | 1,102 |
| Kemira Coatings | 3,883 | 3,541 |
| Other | 555 | 662 |
| Total | 10,008 | 9,186 |
| Personnel in Finland, average | 3,033 | 3,150 |
| Personnel outside Finland, average | 6,975 | 6,036 |
| Total | 10,008 | 9,186 |
| Personnel at year end | 10,007 | 9,327 |
The personnel of joint ventures consolidated according to the proportionate method of accounting totaled an average of 14 (46 in 2006).
Kemira Oyj's Annual General Meeting in 2001 decided on a stock option program, entitling members of the Company's management to receive stock options conferring the right to subscribe for a maximum of 2,850,000 Kemira Oyj shares from May 2, 2004 to May 31, 2007. The commencement of the subscription period was conditional and tied to Kemira's consolidated earnings per share after financial items and before taxes and extraordinary items, as well as Kemira Oyj's share price performance in relation to a benchmark index. The share subscription price (exercise price) on May 31, 2007, at the end of the subscription period, under the terms of the stock options, was EUR 1.77. The corresponding amount on December 31, 2006 was EUR 2.11 per share. The subscription price is reduced by the amount of future dividends. All remained outstanding stock options (77,389) were subscribed by the end date of the stock option incentive plan, May 31, 2007.
| The number of stock options changed in 2007 and 2006 as follows: | Number of stock options 2007 |
Average exercise price |
Number of options 2006 |
Average exercise price |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1000s | EUR / share | 1000s | EUR / share | |
| Stock options outstanding at beginning of period | 77 | 243 | ||
| Options exercised | ||||
| March | -34 | 2.11 | -36 | 2.47 |
| April | -1 | 2.11 | ||
| May | -42 | 1.77 | 2.11 | |
| June - December | -130 | |||
| Stock options outstanding and exercisable at end of period | 0 | 77 |
The stock option plan 2001 has not been expensed. In accordance with the transitional provisions of IFRS 2, only share-based plans decided after Nov. 7, 2002, are recorded in the income statement.
In 2004, Kemira Oyj's Board of Directors decided on a new share-based incentive plan designed for key employees as part of the Group's incentive schemes. This scheme is divided into three performance periods. In February 2006, Kemira Oyj's Board of Directors decided on a new share-based incentive plan for key employees, the performance periods of which are during years 2007, 2008 and 2009.
Bonus payments are contingent on meeting the set financial targets, which were in 2007 measured in terms of earnings per share and return on capital employed. Any bonuses payable comprise two components: Kemira shares and cash. The value of these shares is determined by their closing price quoted on the grant date (at the price quoted on the date of agreeing on the share-based payment). If the requirement of holding the granted shares for two years following their transfer is not fulfilled, they must be returned to Kemira Oyj.
All of the granted shares and cash payments are accounted for over three years within the vesting period. Expected dividends are not taken into account in the fair value measurement. Cash bonus payments are measured at fair value on the basis of the share price on the balance sheet date, and the bonus is approximately 1.1 fold the value of transferred shares. The actual amount of bonuses will reflect to what extent set targets were achieved. The incentive plan involved 94 employees on December 31, 2007 (78). Bonuses payable in shares are charged to personnel expenses and recognised as an addition to equity, while cash bonus payments are charged to personnel expenses and recognised as liabilities. For the share-based plan of 2007, there were no expenses recognised as the set targets were not reached.
| (EUR) | for |
|---|---|
| at grant | three |
| Annual share-based incentive plans / grant dates date |
years |
| Share-based plan in 2004: share transfer in 2005 / April 27, 2004 10.35 |
107,920 |
| Share-based plan in 2005: share transfer in 2006 / March 22, 2005 11.66 |
116,610 |
| Share-based plan in 2006: share transfer in 2007 / May 2, 2006 17.98 |
144,143 |
| Returned shares in 2005-2006 10.35 |
-14,200 |
| Total | 354,473 |
| 11.66 Returned shares in 2007 relating to 2005 share-based plan |
-9,210 |
| 17.98 Returned shares in 2007 relating to 2006 share-based plan |
-9,718 |
| Total | -18,928 |
| Share transfers and returns of share-based plan | 335,545 |
| Expenses arising from share-based payments 2007 |
2006 |
| Share component 1.3 |
1.2 |
| Cash component 2.7 |
2.7 |
| Total 4.0 |
3.9 |
| Liabilities arising from share-based payments, Dec. 31 -1.1 |
0.4 |
| 9. DEPRECIATION AND IMPAIRMENTS | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Depreciation according to plan | ||
| Intangible assets | ||
| Intangible assets | 21.4 | 17.1 |
| Property, plant and equipment | ||
| Buildings and constructions | 19.9 | 17.0 |
| Machinery and equipment | 91.6 | 87.1 |
| Other property, plant and equipment Total |
3.0 135.9 |
2.3 123.5 |
| Impairments | ||
| Intangible assets | ||
| Intangible assets | 15.0 | - |
| Goodwill | 4.2 | - |
| Property, plant and equipment | ||
| Buildings and constructions | 2.9 | - |
| Machinery and equipment | 15.8 | - |
| Total | 37.9 | - |
| Depreciation and impairments total | 173.8 | 123.5 |
| For more information on impairments see Note 15. | ||
| 10. FINANCIAL INCOME AND EXPENSES | 2007 | 2006 |
| Financial income | ||
| Dividend income | 0.1 | - |
| Interest income from non-current investments | 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Other interest income | 20.0 | 14.5 |
| Other financial income | 1.3 | 0.4 |
| Non hedge accounting interest rate derivatives | - | 0.5 |
| Exchange gains | 160.3 | 116.3 |
| Total | 182.0 | 131.8 |
| Financial expenses | ||
| Interest expenses from loans and other receivables | -71.0 | -51.6 |
| Other financial expenses | -3.0 | -2.0 |
| Non hedge accounting interest rate derivatives | -0.1 | - |
| Exchange losses | -159.8 | -115.4 |
| Total | -233.9 | -169.0 |
| Total financial income and expenses | -51.9 | -37.2 |
| Net financial expenses as a percentage of revenue | 1.8 | 1.5 |
| Net interests as a percentage of revenue | 1.8 | 1.5 |
| Exchange gains and losses | ||
| Realised | -23.8 | 5.4 |
| Unrealised | 24.3 | -4.5 |
| Total | 0.5 | 0.9 |
| Share of profit or loss of associates | 2.1 | |
| Share of profit of associates Share of loss of associates |
- | 2.5 -4.9 |
| Total | 2.1 | -2.3 |
The exchange rate differences on foreign currency loans and foreign currency derivatives have been credited or charged directly to shareholders´ equity and hedged against the translation differences arising from the consolidation of foreign subsidiaries according to the so called hedge of investment in foreign entities method. In 2007, the foreign exchange net loss was EUR 6.0 million. (In 2006 the net loss was EUR 4.5 million.)
Interest income on non-current investments does not include income from associated companies. All other financial items constitute income and expenses from entities others than associates.
| 2007 | 2006 | |
|---|---|---|
| Income taxes, current year | 23.5 | 39.5 |
| Income taxes, previous years | -0.1 | -0.1 |
| Deferred taxes | 1.1 | 1.4 |
| Other taxes | 1.3 | 1.2 |
| Total | 25.8 | 42.0 |
Certain Group subsidiaries have tax losses totalling EUR 316.9 million (EUR 319.1 million), which can be applied against future taxable income. All tax losses have not been recognised as deferred tax assets. A limited right to make deductions applies to about 87% of tax losses.
| Taxes at current tax rates | 45.6 | 49.9 |
|---|---|---|
| Taxes from previous financial years | -0.1 | -0.1 |
| Tax-free income / non-deductible expenditure | -4.7 | 7.9 |
| Unapplied losses during the financial year | 7.1 | 3.3 |
| Used tax losses | -20.1 | -18.3 |
| Others | -2.0 | -0.7 |
| Taxes in the income statement | 25.8 | 42.0 |
| Earnings per share | ||
|---|---|---|
| Profit before tax 2) | 93.3 | 154.2 |
| Income taxes for the financial year | -25.8 | -42.0 |
| Net profit for the period | 67.5 | 112.2 |
| Attributable to minority interest | -3.8 | -3.6 |
| Attributable to equity holders of the parent | 63.7 | 108.6 |
| Weighted average number of shares 1) | 121,163,866 | 120,877,281 |
| Earnings per share, EUR 2) | 0.53 | 0.90 |
| Diluted earnings per share | ||
| Average number of shares 1) | 121,163,866 | 120,877,281 |
| Effect of options outstanding (average) | 17,759 | 141,535 |
| Potential treasury share transaction related to share-based | ||
| payment arrangement (average) | 12,011 | 31,774 |
| Diluted average number of shares | 121,193,636 | 121,050,590 |
| Diluted earnings per share, EUR 2) | 0.53 | 0.90 |
| Earnings per share excluding write-downs | ||
| Profit before taxes 2) | 93.3 | 154.2 |
| Income taxes for the financial year | -25.8 | -42.0 |
| Net profit for the period | 67.5 | 112.2 |
| Attributable to minority interest | -3.8 | -3.6 |
| Attributable to equity holders of the parent | 63.7 | 108.6 |
| Write-downs 3) | 47.1 | - |
| Taxes related to write-downs | -5.1 | - |
| Net profit attributable to equity holders of the parent excluding write-downs | 105.7 | 108.6 |
| Weighted average number of shares 1) | 121,163,866 | 120,877,281 |
| Earnings per share excluding write-downs, basic, EUR 2) | 0.87 | 0.90 |
1) Weighted average number of shares outstanding, excluding the number of shares bought back.
2) Year 2006 error has been corrected, Note 38.
3) For more information on write-downs see Note 15.
| Intangible | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goodwill | assets | Prepayments | 2007 total | |
| Acquisition cost at beginning of year | 677.6 | 193.2 | 1.3 | 872.1 |
| Acquisition of subsidiaries | 21.4 | 10.6 | 0.2 | 32.2 |
| Increases | 0.2 | 17.2 | 13.0 | 30.4 |
| Disposal of subsidiaries | - | -0.1 | - | -0.1 |
| Decreases | -1.1 | -6.1 | - | -7.2 |
| Other changes | -1.2 | - | -0.1 | -1.3 |
| Reclassifications | 37.5 | - | - | 37.5 |
| Exchange rate differences | -10.6 | 0.1 | -0.1 | -10.6 |
| Acquisition cost at end of year | 723.8 | 214.9 | 14.3 | 953.0 |
| Accumulated depreciation at beginning of year | -96.6 | -85.6 | - | -182.2 |
| Accumulated depreciation relating to | ||||
| decreases and transfers | 1.1 | 5.8 | - | 6.9 |
| Depreciation during the financial year | - | -21.4 | - | -21.4 |
| Impairment and charges | -4.2 | -15.0 | - | -19.2 |
| Exchange rate differences | 2.5 | -0.7 | - | 1.8 |
| Accumulated depreciation at end of year | -97.2 | -116.9 | - | -214.1 |
| Net carrying amount at end of year | 626.6 | 98.0 | 14.3 | 738.9 |
| Intangible | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goodwill | assets | Prepayments | 2006 total | |
| Acquisition cost at beginning of year | 655.7 | 137.2 | 2.9 | 795.8 |
| Acquisition of subsidiaries | 34.0 | 37.9 | - | 71.9 |
| Increases | 0.1 | 19.6 | -1.6 | 18.1 |
| Decreases | - | -0.4 | - | -0.4 |
| Non-current assets held for sale | - | -0.4 | - | -0.4 |
| Other changes | -0.3 | -0.4 | - | -0.7 |
| Exchange rate differences | -11.9 | -0.3 | - | -12.2 |
| Acquisition cost at end of year | 677.6 | 193.2 | 1.3 | 872.1 |
| Accumulated depreciation at beginning of year | -97.6 | -69.2 | - | -166.8 |
| Accumulated depreciation relating to | ||||
| decreases and transfers | - | 0.3 | - | 0.3 |
| Depreciation during the financial year | - | -17.1 | - | -17.1 |
| Impairment and charges | -0.1 | - | - | -0.1 |
| Non-current assets held for sale | - | 0.3 | - | 0.3 |
| Other changes | 0.3 | 0.2 | - | 0.5 |
| Exchange rate differences | 0.8 | -0.1 | - | 0.7 |
| Accumulated depreciation at end of year | -96.6 | -85.6 | - | -182.2 |
| Net carrying amount at end of year | 581.0 | 107.6 | 1.3 | 689.9 |
There was no goodwill related to associated companies in 2007 and 2006. A part from goodwill, the Group did not have material intangible assets with indefinite useful lives.
| Prepayments | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other | and non | |||||
| property, plant | current assets | |||||
| Land and | Buildings and | Machinery and | and | under | ||
| water | constructions | equipment | equipment | construction | 2007 total | |
| Acquisition cost at beginning of year | 52.2 | 459.6 | 1,453.3 | 31.9 | 168.0 | 2,164.9 |
| Acquisition of subsidiaries | 1.7 | 7.6 | 19.0 | 0.1 | -14.1 | 14.3 |
| Increases | 1.5 | 57.7 | 113.4 | 5.2 | 37.9 | 215.7 |
| Disposal of subsidiaries | - | -2.1 | -4.2 | -1.1 | -0.4 | -7.8 |
| Decreases | -1.1 | -11.6 | -67.5 | -2.1 | -0.3 | -82.6 |
| Non-current assets held for sale | -0.5 | -6.9 | -21.9 | 0.8 | - | -28.5 |
| Other changes | -0.1 | 0.1 | -4.0 | 2.4 | -1.1 | -2.7 |
| Reclassifications | -0.3 | 6.0 | 2.5 | - | -45.7 | -37.5 |
| Exchange rate differences | -2.2 | -8.6 | -27.0 | -0.3 | -6.3 | -44.4 |
| Acquisition cost at end of year | 51.2 | 501.8 | 1,463.6 | 36.9 | 138.0 | 2,191.4 |
| Accumulated depreciation at beginning of year | -7.7 | -231.1 | -920.8 | -18.2 | - | -1,177.8 |
| Accumulated depreciation relating to | ||||||
| decreases and transfers | - | 10.5 | 67.7 | 1.9 | - | 80.1 |
| Depreciation during the financial year | - | -19.9 | -91.6 | -3.0 | - | -114.5 |
| Impairment and charges | - | -2.9 | -15.8 | - | - | -18.7 |
| Non-current assets held for sale | - | 1.6 | 0.1 | - | - | 1.7 |
| Other changes | - | 0.6 | 6.1 | 0.1 | - | 6.8 |
| Exchange rate differences | - | 3.6 | 11.5 | 0.2 | - | 15.3 |
| Accumulated depreciation at end of year | -7.7 | -237.6 | -942.8 | -19.0 | - | -1,207.1 |
| Net carrying amount at end of year | 43.5 | 264.2 | 520.7 | 17.9 | 138.0 | 984.3 |
| Other property, plant |
Prepayments and non current assets |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Land and | Buildings and | Machinery and | and | under | ||
| water | constructions | equipment | equipment | construction | 2006 total | |
| Acquisition cost at beginning of year | 59.6 | 457.8 | 1,392.9 | 38.3 | 50.8 | 1,999.4 |
| Acquisition of subsidiaries | 4.8 | 19.8 | 68.1 | 2.4 | 56.8 | 151.9 |
| Increases | 0.2 | 11.5 | 75.7 | 1.8 | 65.2 | 154.4 |
| Disposals of subsidiaries | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.5 | - | - | -0.6 |
| Decreases | -4.2 | -9.2 | -27.0 | -0.8 | -0.1 | -41.4 |
| Non-current assets held for sale | -9.9 | -19.8 | -29.3 | -2.3 | - | -61.3 |
| Other changes | 0.3 | -1.6 | -19.0 | -6.5 | -1.5 | -28.2 |
| Exchange rate differences | 1.4 | 1.2 | -7.7 | -1.0 | -3.1 | -9.3 |
| Acquisition cost at end of year | 52.2 | 459.6 | 1,453.3 | 31.9 | 168.0 | 2,164.9 |
| Accumulated depreciation at beginning of year | -7.7 | -219.0 | -885.9 | -21.9 | - | -1,134.5 |
| Accumulated depreciation relating to | ||||||
| decreases and transfers | - | 5.5 | 19.3 | 0.4 | - | 25.1 |
| Depreciation during the financial year | - | -16.9 | -87.1 | -2.3 | - | -106.3 |
| Impairment and charges | - | -0.4 | -0.1 | - | - | -0.4 |
| Non-current assets held for sale | - | 1.1 | 4.6 | 1.4 | - | 7.1 |
| Other changes | - | 5.2 | 28.1 | 4.0 | - | 37.3 |
| Exchange rate differences | - | -6.6 | 0.3 | 0.2 | - | -6.1 |
| Accumulated depreciation at end of year | -7.7 | -231.1 | -920.8 | -18.2 | - | -1,177.8 |
| Net carrying amount at end of year | 44.5 | 228.5 | 532.4 | 13.7 | 168.0 | 987.1 |
The Group's Accounting Policies set out the principles and process of testing assets for impairment.
Impairment tests were performed on 30, September 2007, and there have been no significant changes in cashgenerating units or other impairment test assumptions thereafter.
The carrying amounts of non-current assets and goodwill by segments are the following:
| Segment | Carrying amount * | Of which goodwill | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31.12.2007 | 31.12.2006 | 31.12.2007 | 31.12.2006 | |||
| Kemira Pulp&Paper | 682 | 692 | 322 | 328 | ||
| Kemira Water | 345 | 332 | 123 | 77 | ||
| Kemira Specialty | 365 | 361 | 113 | 109 | ||
| Kemira Coatings | 204 | 175 | 68 | 65 | ||
| Yhteensä | 1,596 | 1,560 | 626 | 579 |
* Carrying amount excludes the assets of the Kemira Corporate Center and the former water-soluble fertilizers unit.
Discount rates were determined for each cash-generating unit, based on the volatility of cash flows between 2002 and 2007, and varied from 7 percent to 10 percent. Forecasts for cash-flow growth reflect the management's perception of developments in sales and cost items during the forecast period. The growth rate used to extrapolate cash flows subsequent to the three-year forecast period was assumed to be zero.
| Segment | Range of discount rates | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2007 | 2006 | ||||
| Kemira Pulp&Paper | 7 – 10 % | 6 – 9 % | |||
| Kemira Water | 8 – 10 % | 7 – 8 % | |||
| Kemira Specialty | 8 – 10 % | 9 – 12 % | |||
| Kemira Coatings | 9 – 10 % | 9 – 10 % |
The sensitivity analysis was made under the assumption that there would be a decline in the cash flows' growth rate, both during and after the forecasting period. A general increase in interest rates has also been taken into consideration as well as a change in the company's willingness to take risk. Only a drastic, simultaneus change in several factors could involve the risk of impairment losses in some units.
The Group's recoverable amount is more than double the carrying amount. Impairment tests did not reveal any need to recognize impairment losses.
In connection with the strategic review process currently under way in Kemira, it was decided to take actions that will involve the write-downs of approximately EUR 47.1 million. The write-downs were recorded for the final quarter of 2007 and did not affect the cash flow. The effect of the write-downs on business areas are as follows: Kemira Pulp&Paper EUR 17.1 million, Kemira Water EUR 5.9 million, Kemira Specialty EUR 9.2 million and other business EUR 15.0 million.
There are four classes of impaired assets:
The investment calculation of Group's enterprise resource planning (ERP) system has been updated. The inputs necessary for the ERP system will deviate from the original plan and therefore EUR 15.0 million impairment has been booked. The fair value has been determined by calculating value in use.
Kemira acquired four subsidiaries of Parcon A/S in October 2006. The fair value has been determined by calculating value in use. Due to the lower net present value of future cash flows an impairment of EUR 4.2 million has been booked.
The fair value of six USA production sites is lower than their carrying value. The production sites are Washougal Silica, Columbus Tech Center, Fortville, West Oak, Shreveport and Mobile. The total impairment (including exit costs) of these sites is EUR 6.3 million. The fair value of these sites has been determined based on independent appraisals and current market value assessments.
The value of the Hydrogen peroxides plant in the Netherlands is lower than its carrying value due to the decreased price level in the market as a result of the hydrogen peroxide market capacity situation. The total impairment of the plant is EUR 12.5 million. The plant is considered not having a fair value.
Write-down of non-current assets held for sale:
| 16. INVESTMENTS | 2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Available-for | Available-for | |||
| Holdings in | Holdings in | sale | sale | |
| associates | associates | investments | investments | |
| Carrying amount at beginning of year | 8.1 | 9.2 | 84.3 | 83.7 |
| Share of profit or loss of associates | 0.1 | -0.5 | - | - |
| Increases | 0.4 | 0.1 | 8.2 | 1.1 |
| Decreases | -2.9 | - | - | -0.6 |
| Change in fair value | - | - | 9.7 | 0.1 |
| Exchange rate differences | -0.2 | -0.6 | - | -0.1 |
| Net carrying amount at end of year | 5.5 | 8.1 | 102.2 | 84.3 |
| 2007 | 2006 | |||
| Holdings in associates | 5.5 | 8.1 | ||
| Available-for-sale investments | 102.2 | 84.3 | ||
| Other receivables | 5.6 | 7.1 | ||
| Deferred tax assets | 5.2 | 7.7 | ||
| Non-current loan receivables | 0.8 | 2.4 | ||
| Defined benefit pension receivables | 34.6 | 24.6 | ||
| Total investments | 153.9 | 134.2 |
Associated companies are specified in Note 34.
| 17. INVENTORIES | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Materials and supplies | 98.7 | 97.5 |
| Work in process | 5.3 | 3.9 |
| Finished goods | 204.4 | 190.7 |
| Prepayments | 2.8 | 1.1 |
| Total | 311.2 | 293.2 |
| 2007 | Note | Financial assets and liabilities * |
Loans and other receivables |
Available-for sale investments |
Other liabilities |
Total carrying amounts by balance sheet item |
Total fair value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-current financial assets | |||||||
| Available-for-sale investments | 16 | - | - | 102.2 | - | 102.2 | 102.2 |
| Current financial assets | |||||||
| Interest-bearing receivables | 19 | - | 3.2 | - | - | 3.2 | 3.2 |
| Interest-free receivables | 19 | 25.6 | 413.1 | - | - | 438.7 | 438.7 |
| Total | 25.6 | 416.3 | 102.2 | - | 544.1 | 544.1 | |
| Non-current financial liabilities | |||||||
| Interest-bearing non-current liabilities | 21, 25 | - | - | - | 431.1 | 431.1 | 431.1 |
| Current financial liabilities | |||||||
| Interest-bearing current liabilities | 24, 25 | - | - | - | 625.0 | 625.0 | 625.0 |
| Interest-free current liabilities | 24 | 7.7 | - | - | 229.2 | 236.9 | 236.9 |
| Total | 7.7 | - | - | 1,285.3 | 1,293.0 | 1,293.0 |
* Financial assets and liabilities at fair values through profit and loss.
| 2006 | Note | Financial assets and liabilities * |
Loans and other receivables |
Available-for sale investments |
Other liabilities |
Total carrying amounts by balance sheet item |
Total fair value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-current financial assets | |||||||
| Available-for-sale investments | 16 | - | - | 84.3 | - | 84.3 | 84.3 |
| Current financial assets | |||||||
| Interest-bearing receivables | 19 | - | 9.1 | - | - | 9.1 | 9.1 |
| Interest-free receivables | 19 | 30.5 | 436.0 | - | - | 466.5 | 466.5 |
| Total | 30.5 | 445.1 | 84.3 | - | 559.9 | 559.9 | |
| Non-current financial liabilities | |||||||
| Interest-bearing non-current liabilities | 21, 25 | - | - | - | 395.1 | 395.1 | 395.1 |
| Current financial liabilities | |||||||
| Interest-bearing current liabilities | 24, 25 | - | - | - | 508.5 | 508.5 | 508.5 |
| Interest-free current liabilities | 24 | 1.6 | - | - | 278.6 | 280.2 | 280.2 |
| Total | 1.6 | - | - | 1182.2 | 1183.8 | 1183.8 |
* Financial assets and liabilities at fair values through profit and loss.
| 2007 | 2006 | |
|---|---|---|
| Interest-bearing receivables | ||
| Loan receivables | 0.1 | - |
| Other receivables | 3.1 | 9.1 |
| Total interest-bearing receivables | 3.2 | 9.1 |
| Interest-free receivables | ||
| Trade receivables | 413.1 | 436.0 |
| Prepayments | 4.5 | 5.1 |
| Current tax asset | 19.6 | 13.6 |
| Accrued income | 67.7 | 86.9 |
| Other receivables | 43.2 | 23.8 |
| Total interest-free receivables | 548.1 | 565.4 |
| Total receivables | 551.3 | 574.5 |
Items that are due over one year, include trade receivables of EUR 3.8 million (EUR 1.9 million in 2006), prepaid expenses and accrued income of EUR 7.2 million (EUR 0.2 million) and other interest-free receivables of EUR 0.5 million (EUR 0.3 million) as well as loan receivables of EUR 0.1 million and other interest-bearing receivables of EUR 1.6 million (EUR 1.5 million).
| Within one year | 0.7 | 0.8 |
|---|---|---|
| After one year but no more than five years | 1.1 | 1.9 |
| Total | 1.8 | 2.7 |
| Within one year | 0.6 | 0.8 |
|---|---|---|
| After one year but no more than five years | 1.1 | 1.8 |
| Total | 1.7 | 2.6 |
| Future finance income | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Total finance lease receivables | 1.8 | 2.7 |
Parties are considered belonging to each other's related parties if one party is able to exercise control over the other or substantial influence in decision-making concerning its finances and business operations. The Group's related parties include the parent company, subsidiaries, associated companies and joint-ventures. Related parties also include the members of the Supervisory Board, Board of Directors and the Group's Management Boards, the CEO and his deputy and their near family members. Key management persons are the members of the Group Management Boards.
| 2007 | 2006 | |
|---|---|---|
| Employee benefits of key management personnel, EUR million | ||
| Wages, salaries and other short-term employee benefits | 4.5 | 4.1 |
| Post-employment benefits | 2.0 | 3.2 |
| Share-based payment | 2.8 | 1.6 |
| Total | 9.3 | 8.9 |
No loans had been granted to management in the end of 2007 and 2006, nor were there any contingency items and contingent liabilities on behalf of key personnel. Persons belonging to the Company's key management, including parties closely associated with them, are not involved in substantial business relationships with the Company.
Management's share-based incentive plan is specified in Note 8.
| 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|
| - | |
| 67,740 | |
| 52,200 | |
| 57,000 | |
| 41,400 | |
| - | |
| 45,600 | |
| 38,400 | |
| 40,800 | 39,600 |
| 14,517 55,265 52,200 61,800 32,393 9,006 52,200 38,400 |
| Members of the Supervisory Board | ||
|---|---|---|
| Aulis Ranta-Muotio, Chairman | 9,974 | 12,800 |
| Mikko Elo, I Vice Chairman | 6,104 | 8,000 |
| Heikki A. Ollila, II Vice Chairman | 6,104 | 8,000 |
| Pekka Kainulainen | 5,387 | 6,800 |
| Mikko Långström | 5,387 | 6,600 |
| Susanna Rahkonen | 5,187 | 6,400 |
| Risto Ranki | 5,387 | 6,800 |
| Katri Sarlund | 5,187 | 6,800 |
The extraordinary general meeting of Kemira Oyj on October 4, 2007 decided to dissolve the Supervisory Board. Activites of the Supervisory Board ended on October 4, 2007.
The managing director of Kemira Oyj until the end of 2007, Lasse kurkilahti, is entitled to retire at the age of 60. The managing director's benefit is based on an agreement according to which the maximum remuneration for the managing director is 60% of the pensionbased salary. The related defined-benefit pension commitment of Kemira Oyj at December 31, 2007 was EUR 6.9 million (5.3 million).
Kemira Oyj's Board of Directors appointed Harri Kerminen as the new managing director of Kemira Oyj as of January 1, 2008. Harri Kerminen's contract period is until 2013, when he will be 62 years old. The deputy managing director of Kemira is entitled to retire at the age of 60.
The maximum remuneration for the deputy managing director and for the new managing director is 66% of the pension-based salary. The possibility is based on the benefits of the supplementary pension foundation that has been closed to new members since January 1, 1991. The supplementary pension foundation's benefits concern all the personnel whose years of service and other conditions concerning the granting of a pension have been fulfilled. Similar arrangements have been made in other Group companies.
The period of notice of Kemira Oyj's managing director is 6 months. In case the company would give notice to the managing director, he will receive an emolument equaling 12 months' salary. The respective periods for the deputy managing director are 6 months and 18 months.
Sales and purchases of goods and services to and from associates as well as receivables from associates are specified in note 34. The amount of contingent liabilities on behalf of associates are presented in note 30.
Kemira's Finnish pension foundations and funds are legal units of their own and they manage part of the pension assets of the Group's personnel in Finland. The assets include Kemira shares representing 0.15% of the company's outstanding shares.
The pension foundations own 2.6% of Pohjolan Voima stock. Kemira Oyj buys electricity from Pohjolan Voima in proportion to its share of ownership for Group use and also for selling it to outside companies. Sales of electricity to subsidiaries in 2007 were EUR 31.4 million (EUR 28.3 million) and to other companies EUR 1.0 million (EUR 1.9 million). The shareholders can buy electricity from the company at a price that covers its production expenses. This price has been clearly below the average market prices.
According to the Finnish Companies Act, over one percentage ownerships are included in related parties. These ownerships are listed in the paragraph "shares and shareholders" in table "largest shareholders".
EUR million
| 21. NON-CURRENT INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Loans from financial institutions | 378.9 | 330.2 |
| Loans from pension institutions | 46.2 | 55.6 |
| Other non-current liabilities to others | 6.0 | 9.2 |
| Total | 431.1 | 395.1 |
| Non-current interest-bearing liabilities maturing in | ||
| 2009 (2008) | 17.4 | 20.9 |
| 2010 (2009) | 54.7 | 16.4 |
| 2011 (2010) | 49.8 | 83.9 |
| 2012 (2011) | 72.2 | 84.2 |
| 2013 (2012) | 237.0 | 189.7 |
| Total | 431.1 | 395.1 |
| Interest-bearing liabilities maturing in 5 years or longer | ||
| Loans from financial institutions | 199.0 | 149.8 |
| Loans from pension institutions | 35.9 | 37.2 |
| Other non-current interest-bearing liabilities | 2.1 | 2.8 |
| Total | 237.0 | 189.7 |
The foreign currency breakdown of non-current loans is presented in Management of financial risks, Note 33.
The Group has neither debentures nor convertible or other bonds.
| Recognised in | Acquired / | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2007 | Jan. 1, 2007 | the income statement |
Recognised in equity |
disposed | subsidiaries Dec. 31, 2007 |
| Deferred tax liabilities | |||||
| Cumulative depreciation in excess of / less than plan | 78.0 | -1.4 | -4.2 | - | 72.4 |
| Available-for-sale financial assets | 18.2 | - | 2.5 | - | 20.7 |
| Pensions | 6.3 | 4.4 | - | - | 10.7 |
| Fair value of acquired subsidiaries * | 15.0 | 0.5 | - | 3.5 | 19.0 |
| Other | 9.0 | 15.7 | -0.8 | - | 23.9 |
| Total | 126.5 | 19.2 | -2.5 | 3.5 | 146.7 |
| Tax assets deducted | -20.6 | -41.2 | |||
| Total deferred tax liabilities in the balance sheet | 105.9 | 105.5 | |||
| Deferred tax assets | |||||
| Internal stock margin | 1.8 | 0.4 | - | - | 2.2 |
| Provisions | 6.7 | -1.5 | - | - | 5.2 |
| Tax losses | 12.4 | 12.8 | - | - | 25.2 |
| Pensions | 3.0 | 2.0 | - | - | 5.0 |
| Other | 4.4 | 4.4 | - | - | 8.8 |
| Total | 28.3 | 18.1 | - | - | 46.4 |
| Deferred tax liabilities deducted | -20.6 | -41.2 | |||
| Deferred tax assets in the balance sheet | 7.7 | 5.2 | |||
| Recognised in | Acquired / | ||||
| the income | Recognised in | disposed | |||
| 2006 | Jan. 1, 2006 | statement | equity | subsidiaries Dec. 31, 2006 | |
| Deferred tax liabilities | |||||
| Cumulative depreciation in excess of / less than plan | 80.8 | 0.5 | -1.0 | -2.3 | 78.0 |
| Available-for-sale financial assets | 17.1 | - | 1.1 | - | 18.2 |
| Pensions | 5.3 | 1.0 | - | - | 6.3 |
| Fair value of acquired subsidiaries * | 14.7 | -5.7 | - | 6.0 | 15.0 |
| Other | 4.8 | 5.2 | -0.7 | -0.3 | 9.0 |
| Total | 122.7 | 1.0 | -0.6 | 3.4 | 126.5 |
| Tax assets deducted | -22.2 | -20.6 | |||
| Total deferred tax liabilities in the balance sheet | 100.5 | 105.9 | |||
| Deferred tax assets | |||||
| Internal stock margin | 1.3 | 0.5 | - | - | 1.8 |
| Provisions | 7.2 | -0.5 | - | - | 6.7 |
| Tax losses | 15.5 | -3.1 | - | - | 12.4 |
| Deferred tax liabilities deducted | -22.2 | -20.6 |
|---|---|---|
| Deferred tax assets in the balance sheet | 6.8 | 7.7 |
* The increase in deferred taxes relating to the fair value measurement of acquired subsidiaries was recognised under goodwill.
Pensions 0.9 2.1 - - 3.0 Other 4.1 0.6 - -0.3 4.4 Total 29.0 -0.4 - -0.3 28.3
| Environmental | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Restructuring provisions |
and damage provisions |
Other provisions * |
Total | ||
| Non-current provisions | |||||
| Balance at beginning of year | 0.8 | 15.4 | 47.1 | 63.3 | |
| Increase in provisions | 1.9 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 2.7 | |
| Provisions used during the period | -0.6 | -2.9 | -42.3 | -45.8 | |
| Provisions released during the period | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.3 | -0.5 | |
| Reclassification | - | -0.3 | -0.6 | -0.9 | |
| Balance at end of year | 2.0 | 12.7 | 4.1 | 18.8 | |
| Current provisions | |||||
| Balance at beginning of year | 6.3 | 1.4 | 7.8 | 15.5 | |
| Increase in provisions | 1.1 | -0.5 | 0.9 | 1.5 | |
| Provisions used during the period | -3.8 | -0.3 | -2.2 | -6.3 | |
| Provisions released during the period | -1.9 | - | -3.5 | -5.4 | |
| Reclassification | - | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.9 | |
| Balance at end of year | 1.7 | 0.9 | 3.6 | 6.2 | |
| * Year 2006 error has been corrected, Note 38. | |||||
| 24. CURRENT LIABILITIES | |||||
| 2007 | 2006 | ||||
| Interest-bearing current liabilities | |||||
| Loans from financial institutions | 186.9 | 187.8 | |||
| Loans from pension institutions | 15.7 | 15.7 | |||
| Current portion of other non-current loans | 14.5 | 14.8 | |||
| Finance lease liabilities | 4.3 | 3.0 | |||
| Other interest-bearing current liabilities | 403.6 | 287.2 | |||
| Total interest-bearing current liabilities | 625.0 | 508.5 | |||
| Interest-free current liabilities | |||||
| Prepayments received | 9.8 | 4.9 | |||
| Trade payables | 229.2 | 278.6 | |||
| Current provisions | 6.2 9.7 |
15.5 | |||
| Current tax liabilities Accrued expenses |
183.1 | 14.7 169.8 |
|||
| Other interest-free current liabilities | 41.8 | 54.8 | |||
| Total interest-free current liabilities | 479.8 | 538.4 | |||
| Total current liabilities | 1,104.8 | 1,046.9 | |||
| Accrued expenses | |||||
| Personnel expenses | 68.8 | 54.3 | |||
| Items related to revenues and purchases | 36.0 | 27.3 | |||
| Interest | 22.6 | 20.8 | |||
| Exchange rate differences | 8.4 | 2.0 | |||
| Other Total |
47.3 183.1 |
65.4 169.8 |
|||
| 25. NET LIABILITIES | |||||
| Interest-bearing non-current liabilities | 431.1 | 395.0 | |||
| Interest-bearing current liabilities | 625.0 | 508.5 | |||
| Money market investment - cash equivalents | -21.5 | -35.0 | |||
| Cash and cash equivalents | -31.2 | -41.1 | |||
| Total | 1,003.4 | 827.4 |
EUR million
| 2007 | 2006 | |
|---|---|---|
| Finance lease liabilities - minimum lease payments | ||
| Within one year | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| After one year but no more than five years | 1.9 | 1.5 |
| Over five years | 1.8 | 1.0 |
| Total | 4.3 | 3.0 |
| Finance lease liabilities - present value of minimum lease payments Within one year After one year but no more than five years |
0.4 1.7 |
0.4 1.1 |
| Over five years | 1.8 | 1.0 |
| Total | 3.9 | 2.5 |
| Future finance charges | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| Total finance lease liabilities | 4.3 | 3.0 |
Under defined benefit plans, pension benefits are determined by salary, retirement age, disability, mortality or termination of employment.
The funded portion of the Finnish system under the Employees' Pensions Act (TEL) and the disability portion are treated as a defined benefit plan in respect to the pension plans managed by the Group's own pension funds, and the assets of Kemira's own pension funds are measured according to IAS 19 (Employee Benefits). TEL plans managed by insurance companies are treated as a defined contribution plan. The "corridor" method is used to account for any actuarial gains and losses.
The table below shows the effect of the defined benefit pension plan on the Group's income statement and balance sheet, as required by IAS 19. Pension liabilities, plan assets and actuarial gains and losses of the businesses acquired and divested have changed obligations and assets.
| 2007 | 2006 | |
|---|---|---|
| Balance sheet | ||
| Liability for defined benefit plans | 73.6 | 65.8 |
| Receivable for defined benefit plans | -34.6 | -24.6 |
| Net liability | 39.0 | 41.2 |
| Income statement | ||
| Defined benefit pension plans | 7.5 | 8.9 |
| Amounts recognized in the balance sheet | ||
| Present value of funded obligations | 504.6 | 484.9 |
| Present value of unfunded obligations | 68.8 | 51.9 |
| Fair value of plan assets | -622.9 | -552.3 |
| Present value of pension obligations | -49.5 | -15.5 |
| Unrecognised past service costs | -0.2 | 23.8 |
| Unrecognized actuarial gains (+) and losses (-) | 88.7 | 56.7 |
| Net liability | 39.0 | 65.0 |
| Movements in the present value of defined benefit obligation | ||
| Liability at beginning of year | 536.8 | 526.9 |
| Current service costs | 12.0 | 12.4 |
| Interest costs | 25.8 | 24.0 |
| Actuarial gains (-) and losses (+) | 4.7 | -3.7 |
| Exchange rate differences on foreign plan | -1.4 | -1.4 |
| The effect of companies acquired and divested during the period | 21.2 | -1.2 |
| Benefits paid | -27.3 | -25.3 |
| Curtailments | - | -1.3 |
| Settlements | 1.9 | 5.6 |
| Past service costs | -0.3 | 0.8 |
| Liability at end of year | 573.4 | 536.8 |
| Movements in the fair value of plan assets | ||
| Plan assets at beginning of year | 552.3 | 543.3 |
| Expected return on plan assets | 28.1 | 26.7 |
| Employer contributions | 13.9 | 9.7 |
| Actuarial gains (-) and losses (+) | 39.5 | 1.4 |
| Exchange differences on foreign plan | 0.5 | -1.0 |
| Effect of companies acquired and divested during the period | 15.9 | -9.1 |
| Benefits paid | -27.3 | -24.2 |
| Settlements | - | 5.5 |
| Plan assets at end of year | 622.9 | 552.3 |
| Amounts recognized in the income statement | 2006 | 2007 |
|---|---|---|
| Current service cost | 12.0 | 12.4 |
| Interest cost | 25.8 | 24.0 |
| Expected return on plan assets | -28.1 | -26.7 |
| Past service costs | -0.3 | 0.8 |
| Net actuarial gains (-) / losses for financial year (+) | -2.9 | -1.6 |
| Curtailments | 1.0 | - |
| Income statement total | 7.5 | 8.9 |
The above amount, EUR 7.5 million (EUR 8.9 million), is included in employee benefits in the income statement.
| Actual return on plan assets | ||
|---|---|---|
| Actual return on plan assets | 67.4 | 28.1 |
| Principal actuarial assumptions | ||
| Discount rate | 4,0-5,7% | 4,0-8,0% |
| Expected return on plan assets | 2,8-7,5% | 2,7-7,3% |
| Inflation | 2,0-3,4% | 2,0-3,5% |
| Future salary increases | 2,0-3,4% | 2,0-4,0% |
| Future pension increases | 1,3-3,4% | 1,5-3,1% |
| Plan assets consist of: | ||
| Equity instruments | 336.5 | 315.2 |
| Bonds and other non-current interest-bearing investments | 163.7 | 136.7 |
| Current interest-bearing investments | 62.1 | 13.6 |
| Assets in insurance companies * | 29.8 | 29.9 |
| Kemira Oyj treasury shares | 2.6 | 3.1 |
| Real estate in Group use | 14.0 | 13.0 |
| Other | 14.2 | 40.8 |
| Total | 622.9 | 552.3 |
* Funds managed by insurance companies, under the defined benefit pension plan, form part of the investment assets of the insurance companies, which bear the associated investment risk. For this reason, more detailed information on the individual plans' asset allocation is not available.
The total expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is 5.0%. This rate of return is based on the portfolio as a whole and not on the sum of the returns on individual asset categories. The return is based exclusively on historical returns, without adjustments.
Expected IFRS contribution (income) to post-employment benefit plans for 2008 total EUR 3.7 million.
| 2007 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31.12. | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |
| Present value of defined benefit obligation | 573.4 | 536.8 | 526.9 | 484.3 |
| Fair value of plan assets | 622.9 | 552.3 | 543.3 | 492.9 |
| Actuarial gains (+) and losses (-) | 88.5 | 56.7 | 53.2 | 39.7 |
| Deficit / surplus | 39.0 | 41.2 | 36.8 | 31.1 |
| Experience adjustments on plan liabilities | -3.4 | 4.0 | -9.1 | |
| Experience adjustments on plan assets | 45.9 | 19.5 | 1.6 |
| Acquisition and disposal of subsidiaries | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2007 | 2006 | |
| Acquisition of subsidiaries | ||
| Acquisition cost | 68.3 | 301.5 |
| Cash and cash equivalents at acquisition date | -2.2 | -4.2 |
| Cash flow on acquisition net of cash acquired | 66.1 | 297.3 |
| Acquired assets and liabilities | ||
| Net working capital | 10.0 | 109.1 |
| Property, plant and equipment | 25.0 | 176.4 |
| Interest-bearing receivables, cash and cash equivalents deducted | - | 3.0 |
| Other interest-bearing receivables | 0.3 | 1.7 |
| Interest-bearing liabilities | -0.8 | -8.8 |
| Interest-free liabilities | 11.5 | -20.8 |
| Minority interest Goodwill on acquisition |
- 20.1 |
2.2 34.5 |
| Total assets and liabilities of acquired subsidiaries | 66.1 | 297.3 |
| Proceeds from the disposals of subsidiaries | ||
| Proceeds from the disposals | 19.8 | 42.7 |
| Cash and cash equivalent in disposed companies | -1.1 | -0.9 |
| Total cash flow on disposals of subsidiaries | 18.7 | 41.8 |
| Assets and liabilities disposed | ||
| Net working capital | 0.4 | 4.2 |
| Property, plant and equipment | 4.2 | 20.8 |
| Shares | 1.0 | - |
| Other interest-free receivables | 2.3 | 0.5 |
| Interest-bearing liabilities | -1.0 | -1.4 |
| Interest-free liabilities | - | -0.5 |
| Gain / loss on disposal | 11.8 | 18.2 |
| Total assets and liabilities of disposed subsidiaries | 18.7 | 41.8 |
Kemira acquired the Cytec Industries, Inc.'s water treating and acryl amide business on October 1, 2006. Cytec's water treatment business consists of water treatment solutions for industrial and municipal water treatment plants. The acquisition includes five production plants of which three are located in the US (Mobile/Alabama, Longview/Washington, and Fortier/Louisiana), and two in Europe (Bradford /UK and Botlek/the Netherlands).
The acquisition of Cytec's water treatment chemicals business is in line with Kemira's growth strategy. It also allows the Group to significantly broaden its current product portfolio and gain greater geographical presence in key markets and inside key customer segments. The acquired business' market regions include the US, South America, Asia and Europe.
The total price of the acquisition is approx. EUR 198.5 million. The acquisition was financed with Kemira Group's own existing financing agreements.
In addition to the purchase of the business through the asset purchase agreement which was closed on October 1, 2006, Kemira signed a share purchase agreement to buy the shares of Cytec Manufacturing BV. The closing and payment of the share purchase agreement took place on January 11, 2007. Kemira has also signed transition service agreements with nine Cytec companies concerning certain transactional services with respect to the products of the business (Overseas units). The assets related to these transition service agreements was transferred to Kemira and paid gradually starting on April 1, 2007. One of these asset transfers was in the form of a share purchase of an existing company.
The control over the whole Cytec water treatment business was transferred to Kemira on October 1, 2006. The preliminary purchase price allocation was pending finalization of overseas units, working capital and liabilities. These matters have been finalized since then, resulting in an increase of goodwill mainly from identified defined benefit pensions according to IAS 19.
| Fair values recorded on business combination |
Carrying amounts prior to business combination |
|
|---|---|---|
| Intangible assets | 15.5 | - |
| Property, plant and equipment | 91.0 | 54.7 |
| Inventories | 28.8 | 27.1 |
| Trade receivables and other receivables | 40.6 | 40.6 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Total assets | 177.9 | 124.4 |
| Interest-bearing current liabilities | 5.4 | 5.4 |
| Other liabilities | 18.2 | 18.2 |
| Deferred tax liabilities | 1.7 | - |
| Total liabilities | 25.3 | 23.6 |
| Net assets | 152.6 | 100.8 |
| Cost of business combination (net) | 198.5 | |
| Goodwill | 45.9 | |
| Acquisition cost | 198.5 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents in subsidiary acquired | -2.0 | |
| Cash outflow on acquisition total | 196.5 | |
| Cash outflow on acquisition 2006 | 166.2 | |
| Cash outflow on acquisition 2007 | 30.3 | |
| Cash outflow on acquisition total | 196.5 |
The revenue of the acquired unit for January 1 - December 31, 2007 totaled EUR 291.3 million and operating profit EUR 12.3 million.
On April 20, 2007, Kemira acquired 100% of the shares of two companies (Empresa Lajeana Ltda. & Arapoti Saneamento Ltda.) conducting the coagulant business of Dalquim Industria e Comercio Ltda. Dalquim is one of the leading manufacturers of aluminum based coagulants in the South of Brazil. The revenue of the coagulant business is approximately EUR 12 million.
The target companies are located in the south of Brazil and have two production units. Their main customer base is the paper industry and municipalities for potable and wastewater treatment. The company will be targeting the fast expanding paper industry and potable and waste water treatment sector in the Southern states of Brazil.
The acquisition fits extremely well in Kemira´s strategy to enhance its position and mutual synergies as a world leader in chemicals supply for both pulp&paper and water treatment customers on fast growing emerging markets.
Kemira Water is already present with production in the Bahia region (North East of Brazil) and in the Sao Paulo state. With this acquisition, Kemira will significantly broaden its current product portfolio in Brazil and gain strong geographical presence in the southern Brazilian market.
The total price of the acquisition is approx. EUR 10.8 million. Capitalized acquisition costs directly attributable to the combination have not yet been finalized. The acquisition was financed with Kemira Group's own existing financing agreements.
Of the total purchase price of EUR 10.8 million, EUR 1.2 million was allocated to intangible assets originating from the existing customer portfolio. The acquisition then results in EUR 9.0 million in goodwill, based on the acquired business's expected future earnings and attainable synergies.
| Fair values recorded on business combination |
Carrying amounts prior to business combination |
|
|---|---|---|
| Intangible assets | 1.2 | - |
| Property, plant and equipment | 0.8 | 0.8 |
| Inventories | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Trade receivables and other receivables | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Total assets | 3.7 | 2.5 |
| Deferred tax liabilities | 0.4 | - |
| Other liabilities | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Total liabilities | 1.9 | 1.5 |
| Net assets | 1.8 | 1.0 |
| Cost of business combination (net) | 10.8 | |
| Goodwill | 9.0 | |
| Acquisition cost | 10.8 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents in subsidiaries acquired | -0.1 | |
| Cash outflow on acquisition | 10.7 |
The revenue of the acquired units for April 21 – December 31, 2007 totaled EUR 7.5 million and the operating profit EUR 1.7 million.
Kemira made the following acquisitions in 2007: TRI-K Industries Inc. (100%), Sustainable Nutrition B.V. (100%), Dickursby Holding AB (70%), OOO Gamma Industrial Coatings (70%), OOO Tikkurila Powder Coatings (70%), Chongqing Lanjie Tap Water Materials Co. (80%) and the Arkema coagulant business.
These business combinations are individually immaterial.
| Fair values | Carrying | |
|---|---|---|
| recorded on | amounts prior | |
| business | to business | |
| combination | combination | |
| Trademarks and trade names | 3.9 | - |
| Other intangible assets | 5.4 | 4.7 |
| Property, plant and equipment | 5.6 | 4.5 |
| Inventories | 4.7 | 4.7 |
| Trade receivables and other receivables | 3.1 | 2.9 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Total assets | 22.9 | 17.0 |
| Deferred tax liabilities | 1.4 | - |
| Non-current liabilities | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Other liabilities | 4.8 | 4.8 |
| Total liabilities | 6.5 | 5.1 |
| Net assets | 16.4 | 11.9 |
| Cost of business combination (net) | 24.0 | |
| Goodwill | 7.6 | |
| Acquisition cost | 24.0 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents in subsidiaries acquired | -0.2 | |
| Cash outflow on acquisition | 23.8 |
Kemira's revenue for Jan. 1-Dec. 31, 2007 would have been EUR 3,159 million and operating profit EUR 159 million if all of the business combinations carried out during the period had been completed on January 1, 2007.
| Loans secured by mortgages in the balance sheet and | 2007 | 2006 0.5 0.5 59.9 |
|---|---|---|
| for which mortgages are given as collateral Loans from financial institutions Mortgages given Loans from pension institutions Mortgages given |
||
| 0.4 | ||
| 1.0 | ||
| 55.8 | ||
| 59.8 | 63.1 | |
| Other loans Mortgages given |
1.1 1.2 |
|
| 1.1 | ||
| 1.3 | ||
| Total mortgage loans | 57.3 | 61.5 |
| Total mortgages given | 62.1 | 64.8 |
| Contingent liabilities | ||
| Assets pledged | ||
| On behalf of own commitments | 6.0 | 19.5 |
| Guarantees | ||
| On behalf of own commitments | 8.3 | 6.4 |
| On behalf of associates | 1.4 | 32.6 |
|---|---|---|
| On behalf of others | 2.8 | 1.4 |
| Operating leasing liabilities | ||
| Maturity within one year | 22.4 | 14.9 |
| Maturity after one year but within five years | 53.4 | 42.9 |
| Maturity after five years | 75.6 | 75.2 |
| Other obligations | ||
| On behalf of associates | 2.3 | 2.3 |
| On behalf of own commitments | 0.4 | 0.4 |
There were no collaterals or contingent liabilities related to managing directors, members or deputy members of the board of directors and the supervisory board during 2007 and 2006.
Major amounts of contractual commitments for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment on December 31, 2007 were EUR 16 million for the investment of Kemira Coatings in Russia and EUR 3 million for the environmental investment in Pori, Finland.
The Group has extensive international operations and is involved in a number of legal proceedings incidental to these operations.
Kemira Oyj, Kemira Chemicals, Inc. and Kemira Chemicals Canada, Inc. have received claims or were named in class action lawsuits filed by direct and indirect purchasers of hydrogen peroxide and persalts in US federal and state courts and in Canada. In these civil actions, it is alleged that the US plaintiffs suffered damages resulting from a cartel among hydrogen peroxide suppliers. To avoid further litigation costs, Kemira Oyj and Kemira Chemicals Inc. have made a settlement agreement, pending court approval, in the US direct purchaser class action. As regards the other claims and suits, the proceedings continue.
In August 2007, Finnish Chemicals Oy received from the European Union Comission a statement of objections in respect to competition law infringements by sodium chlorate producers during 1994-2000 to which statement of objections Finnish Chemicals Oy has given its reply.
| Nominal values | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 1 year | > 1 year | Total | < 1 year | > 1 year | Total | |
| Currency instruments | ||||||
| Forward contracts | 942.9 | - | 942.9 | 389.4 | - | 389.4 |
| of which hedges of net investment in a foreign operation |
- | - | - | 19.6 | - | 19.6 |
| Currency options | 123.3 | - | 123.3 | 88.1 | - | 88.1 |
| Bought | 65.5 | - | 65.5 | 42.8 | - | 42.8 |
| Sold | 57.8 | - | 57.8 | 45.3 | - | 45.3 |
| Currency swaps | 113.9 | 33.3 | 147.2 | - | 115.9 | 115.9 |
| Interest rate instruments | ||||||
| Interest rate swaps | 75.0 | 99.0 | 174.0 | 15.2 | 94.0 | 109.2 |
| of which cash flow hedge | 75.0 | 89.0 | 164.0 | - | 83.8 | 83.8 |
| Interest rate options | - | 10.0 | 10.0 | - | - | - |
| Bought | - | 10.0 | 10.0 | - | - | - |
| Sold | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Bond futures | - | 10.0 | 10.0 | - | 10.0 | 10.0 |
| of which open | - | 10.0 | 10.0 | - | 10.0 | 10.0 |
| Other instruments | ||||||
| Electricity forward contracts (GWh) | 527.0 | 306.6 | 833.6 | 788.0 | 439.0 | 1227.0 |
| of which cash flow hedge (GWh) | 527.0 | 306.6 | 833.6 | 788.0 | 439.0 | 1227.0 |
| Propane swap contracts (tons) | - | - | - | 1000.0 | - | 1000.0 |
| of which cash flow hedge (tons) | - | - | - | 1000.0 | - | 1000.0 |
Nominal values of the financial instruments do not necessarily correspond to the actual cash flows between the counterparties and do not therefore give a fair view of the risk position of the Group.
| Fair values | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2007 | 2006 | |||||
| Assets | Liabilities | Total | Assets | Liabilities | Total | |
| gross | gross | net | gross | gross | net | |
| Currency instruments | ||||||
| Forward contracts * of which hedges of net |
4.8 | -6.2 | -1.4 | 6.6 | -1.1 | 5.5 |
| investment in a foreign operation | - | - | - | 2.2 | - | 2.2 |
| Currency options * | 0.4 | -0.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | -0.2 | 0.2 |
| Bought | 0.2 | -0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | -0.1 | - |
| Sold | 0.2 | - | 0.2 | 0.2 | -0.1 | 0.2 |
| Currency swaps | 7.8 | -1.3 | 6.5 | 8.4 | - | 8.4 |
| Interest rate instruments | ||||||
| Interest rate swaps | 2.4 | -0.1 | 2.3 | 4.7 | - | 4.7 |
| of which cash flow hedge | 2.1 | -0.1 | 2.0 | 4.2 | - | 4.2 |
| Interest rate options | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Bought | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Sold | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Bond futures | 0.2 | - | 0.2 | - | -0.2 | -0.2 |
| of which open | 0.2 | - | 0.2 | - | -0.2 | -0.2 |
| Other instruments | ||||||
| Electricity forward contracts (GWh) | 10.0 | - | 10.0 | 10.4 | - | 10.4 |
| of which cash flow hedge (GWh) | 10.0 | - | 10.0 | 10.4 | - | 10.4 |
| Propane swap contracts (tons) | - | - | - | - | -0.1 | -0.1 |
| of which cash flow hedge (tons) | - | - | - | - | -0.1 | -0.1 |
* Includes also closed foreign exchange positions. The open position is shown in the hedging section of the currency risk table, Note 33.
| Fair values | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assets gross | Liabilities gross | Assets gross | Liabilities gross | ||||||
| < 1 year | > 1 year | < 1 year | > 1 year | < 1 year | > 1 year | < 1 year | > 1 year | ||
| Currency instruments | |||||||||
| Forward contracts * of which hedges of net |
4.8 | - | -6.2 | - | 6.6 | - | -1.1 | - | |
| investment in a foreign operation | - | - | - | - | 2.2 | - | - | - | |
| Currency options * | 0.4 | - | -0.1 | - | 0.4 | - | -0.2 | - | |
| Bought | 0.2 | - | -0.1 | - | 0.1 | - | -0.1 | - | |
| Sold | 0.2 | - | - | - | 0.2 | - | -0.1 | - | |
| Currency swaps | 7.8 | - | - | -1.3 | - | 8.4 | - | - | |
| Interest rate instruments | |||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | 0.1 | 2.3 | -0.1 | - | 0.2 | 4.5 | - | - | |
| of which cash flow hedge | - | 2.1 | -0.1 | - | - | 4.2 | - | - | |
| Interest rate options | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Bought | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Sold | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Bond futures | - | 0.2 | - | - | - | - | - | -0.2 | |
| of which open | - | 0.2 | - | - | - | - | - | -0.2 | |
| Other instruments | |||||||||
| Electricity forward contracts (GWh) | 8.3 | 1.7 | - | - | 6.3 | 4.1 | - | - | |
| of which cash flow hedge (GWh) | 8.3 | 1.7 | - | - | 6.3 | 4.1 | - | - | |
| Propane swap contracts (tons) | - | - | - | - | - | - | -0.1 | - | |
| of which cash flow hedge (tons) | - | - | - | - | - | - | -0.1 | - |
* Includes also closed foreign exchange positions. The open position is shown in the hedging section of the currency risk table, Note 33.
The bulk of Kemira's business is in the chemical industry, whose products and operations are governed by numerous international agreements and regional and national legislation all over the world. The Group treats its environmental liabilities and risks in financial statements in accordance with IFRS and observes established internal principles and procedures.
In the context of all of its major mergers and acquisitions in 2007, Kemira carried out due diligence analyses related to the pollution of soil and groundwater caused by the sites' previous operations.
Acquisitions and divestments did not alter the Group's overall environmental liabilities significantly. Negotiations stated in the bill of sale are underway regarding two of the five sites of the water chemicals business acquired from Cytec Inc. to divide the environmental liabilities observed in analyses.
Provisions for environmental remediation totaled EUR 13.6 million. The largest provisions had to do with the future landscaping of the dumping area connected to the Pori site, and the reconditioning of the sediment of a lake adjacent to the Vaasa plant. The reconditioning of the sold waste disposal area at the Kokkola site, for which a provision was made earlier, has now been completed.
The Group holds assigned emissions allowances under the EU Emissions Trading System at one site in Sweden. In net volumes, these allowances at Group level showed a surplus of 4,769 carbon dioxide tons in 2007.
The Group Treasury manages financial risks in accordance with the treasury policy in force. Approved by the Board of Directors, the treasury policy defines treasury management principles. The Board of Directors approves the annual Treasury plan and the maximum permissible financial risk levels.
Financial risk management aims to protect the Company from unfavorable changes in financial markets, thus contributing to safeguarding the Company's profit performance and shareholders' equity. Kemira employs various financial instruments within the set limits. The Group uses only instruments whose market values and risks can be monitored continuously and reliably. It uses derivative instruments only for hedging purposes, not for speculative gain. Management of foreign exchange and interest rate risk is centralized in the Group treasury.
Foreign currency cash flow risk arises from net currency flows denominated in currencies other than the domestic currency within and outside the eurozone. The most significant foreign exchange cash flow risk in the group arises from dollar denominated exports from the euro zone. In addition, the euro denominated sales of Pigments Oy is indirectly exposed to the fluctuations in the United States dollar, as the market price of titanium dioxide is determined in dollars.
Kemira mainly uses forwards and currency options in hedging against foreign exchange risks, which had less than a one year maturity at the end of 2007. At Group level, the subsidiaries' hedging entries are eliminated. The table below shows an estimate of the largest Group-level foreign currency cash flow risks.
| 12 month commercial flow forecast | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Currency EUR million |
USD | SEK | PLN | NOK | CAD | Others |
| Net flow | 47.1 | 14.2 | 10.6 | 13.7 | 12.9 | 9.4 |
| Hedging | 37.1 | 14.1 | 5.3 | 3.9 | 5.1 | 2.5 |
| Exposure after hedging | 10.0 | 0.1 | 5.3 | 9.8 | 7.8 | 6.9 |
| Hedge ratio | 79 % | 99 % | 50 % | 28 % | 40 % | 27 % |
At the turn of 2007/2008, the foreign currency operative cash flow forecast for 2008 was EUR 107.9 million, 63% of which was hedged (the hedge ratio in 2006 was 46%). The hedge ratio is monitored daily. In hedging the total cash flow risk, a neutral level is achieved when 50% of the forecast net foreign currency cash flow is hedged. A minimum of 30% and a maximum of 100% of the forecast flow must always be hedged. A 10% fall in foreign exchange rates against the euro, based on the exchange rates quoted on the balance sheet date, and without hedging would reduce earnings by about EUR 6.3 million (2006: 6.1 million). Foreign exchange risk is also derived from the translation of income statement and balance sheet items into euros.
In hedging the net investment in its units abroad, Kemira monitors the equity ratio. In accordance with the Group's policy, Kemira must take equity hedging measures if a change of +/–5.0% in foreign exchange rates causes a change of more than 1.5 percentage points in the equity ratio.
The largest equity amounts of Group companies are denominated in Swedish krona, US dollars and Polish zlotys. The objective is to hedge the balance sheet risk by maintaining a balance between foreign currency denominated liabilities and assets, currency by currency. Kemira hedges foreign currency equity items with long-term loans.
On the balance sheet date, part of the equity denominated in the Swedish krona, the US dollar and the British pound was hedged with long term loans. At the end of 2007, the nominal amount of hedges of net investments in foreign operations totaled EUR 131.2 million (2006: EUR 186.6 million). All in all, these transactions correspond to an 18% hedge ratio (2006: 27%). At the end of 2007, EUR 0 million (2006: 17.4 million) in net investments in foreign entities was hedged with forward contracts and EUR 131.2 million with long-term loans (2006: 169.2 million).
Interest rate risk is associated with the Group's loan portfolio management. In accordance with the treasury policy, the benchmark of the Group's interest rate risk is the duration of the loan portfolio, which must be in the range of 6–24 months. The Group may borrow by way of either fixed or floating rate instruments and use both interest rate swaps and interest rate options as well as forward rate agreements and interest rate futures, in order to meet the goal set under the related policy.
The duration of the Group's interest-bearing loan portfolio was 13 months at the end of 2007 (2006: 16 months). Excluding interest rate derivatives, the duration is 8 months (2006: 10 months). At the end of 2007, 23% of the Group's entire net debt portfolio, including derivatives and pension loans, consisted of fixed-interest borrowings (2006: 29%). Pension loans are classified as fixed rate loans. The net financing cost of the Group's loan portfolio stands at around 5.2% (2006: 4.9%). This figure is attained by dividing yearly net interest and other financing expenses excluding exchange rate differences and dividends by the average interest bearing net debt figure for the corresponding period. The most significant impact on the net financing cost arises from variation in the interest rate levels of the euro, the US dollar and the Swedish krona.
Fixed-interest financial assets and liabilities are exposed to price risks arising from changes in interest rates. Floating rate financial assets and liabilities, whose interest rate changes alongside market interest rates are exposed to cash flow risks due to interest rates. Investments in equity instruments do not have interest rate exposure.
The table below shows the time to interest rate fixing of the loan portfolio.
| Time to interest rate fixing | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EUR million | <1 year | 1-5 years | >5 years | Total |
| Floating net liabilities | 823 | 823 | ||
| Fixed net liabilities | 17 | 111 | 52 | 180 |
| Total | 840 | 111 | 52 | 1,003 |
The proportion of fixed-interest loans in the loan portfolio has been increased by means of interest rate derivatives. As a consequence of this treasury policy, the Group's average interest rate is generally higher than short-term market interest rates when low rates prevail and, on the other hand, lower than market interest rates when high rates prevail. If interest rates rose by one percentage point on January 1, 2008, the resulting interest expenses incurred by the Group over the next 12 months would increase by about EUR 5.8 million (2006: 4.8 million). During 2008, Kemira will re-price 84% (2006: 74%) of the Group's net debt portfolio, including derivatives. The Group's average interest rate maturity is 13 months (2006: 16 months). Kemira will price floating rate instruments when the next interest rate review is conducted, and the interest rate maturity for fixed-interest instruments is the same as their remaining maturity.
On the balance sheet date, the Group had outstanding interest rate derivatives of a market value of EUR 2.4 million (2006: 4.7 million). Some of the interest rate swaps are used to hedge the Group's loan portfolio, and they are accounted for in accordance with the principles of hedge accounting set out in IAS 39. The market value of the interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedge accounting instruments had a market value of 2.0 million at the end of 2007 (2006: 4.2 million). The Group's accounting policies section describes the Group policy regarding hedge accounting.
The price of electricity varies greatly according to the market situation. Kemira Group takes hedging measures with respect to its electricity purchases in order to even out raw material costs. In line with its hedging policy, the Group hedges its existing sales agreements in such a way that the hedges cover the commitments made, primarily using electricity forwards on the power exchange as hedging instruments. Currency and regional price risks connected with hedges are fully hedged by making agreements in HELEUR amounts. Electricity derivatives are treated in accordance with cash flow hedge accounting, as discussed above. The forecast
physical deliveries of the underlying asset, or purchases, are not recorded until the delivery period. If the price of electricity were not hedged and if changes occurred in production volumes or the cost structure, a change of one euro in the market price per megawatt hour would affect profit before tax by EUR 2 million within the Group (2006: EUR 3 million).
The annual price trend of propane is highly cyclical and, on average, predictable. The long-term market trend has prompted the hedging of propane purchases in order to promote stability and predictability in production costs. In hedging its propane purchases, Kemira uses propane forwards, which are treated in accordance with cash flow hedge accounting in a manner similar to that of electricity cash flow hedges. At the turn of the year 2007/2008 no propane forwards were outstanding.
The Group's treasury policy defines the credit rating requirements for counterparties to investment activities and derivative agreements as well as the related investment policy. The Group seeks to minimize its counterparty risk by dealing solely with counterparties which are financial institutions with a good credit rating as well as by spreading agreements among them.
Group Treasury approves the new banking relationships of subsidiaries. At present, there are 14 approved financial institution counterparties, all of which have a credit rating of at least A, based on Standard & Poor's credit rating information. A counterparty with a credit rating below A or an unrated counterparty requires the separate approval of the Board of Directors. The maximum risk assignable to the Group's financial institution counterparties on the balance sheet date amounted to EUR 20.3 million on the balance sheet date (2006: 40.2 million). Kemira monitors its counterparty risk on a monthly basis by defining the maximum risk associated with each counterparty, based on the market value of receivables. For each financial institution, Kemira has defined an approved limit. Credit risks associated with financing did not result in credit losses during the financial year.
The counterparty risk in treasury operations is due to the fact that a contractual party to a financing transaction is not necessarily able to fulfill its contractual obligations. Risks are mainly related to investment activities and the counterparty risks associated with derivative contracts. Group Treasury may invest a maximum of EUR 150 million in liquid assets in the commercial papers of Finnish companies. The maximum investment in a single company totals EUR 30 million for a period of up to six months. The Group's credit risk equals the amount of its financial receivables on December 31, 2007.
Kemira sells its products only to companies whose credit information does not indicate payment irregularities. The Group does not have any significant credit risk concentrations because of its extensive customer base spread across the world. Credit limits apply to most customers and are monitored systematically. Some customers are insured through credit insurance taken out by each business unit. In addition, documentary payments are in use, such as letters of credit. The age distribution of trade receivables outstanding at the end of 2007 is shown in the table below.
| Ageing of trade receivables EUR million |
2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Undue trade receivables | 308.7 | 364.1 |
| Trade receivables 1 - 90 days overdue | 82.4 | 60.4 |
| Trade receivables more than 91 days overdue |
22.0 | 11.5 |
| Total | 413.1 | 436.0 |
Impairment loss of trade receivables amounted to EUR 2.2 million (EUR 2.3 million in 2006).
In order to safeguard its liquidity, the Group uses account overdrafts, money market investments and a revolving credit facility. The Group's cash and cash equivalents at the end of 2007 stood at EUR 52.6 million (2006: 76.2 million), of which short-term investments accounted for EUR 21.4 million (2006: 35 million) and bank deposits EUR 31.2 million (2006: 41.1 million). The unused revolving credit facility was EUR 583.3 million (2006: 566.8 million).
The Group diversifies its refinancing risk by raising financing from various sources in different markets. The Group has bank loans, pension loans, insurance company loans as well as short-term domestic and foreign commercial paper programs, with the objective of balancing the maturity schedule of the loan portfolio and maintaining a sufficiently long maturity for long-term loans.
The Group has a EUR 600 million domestic commercial paper program enabling it to issue commercial papers with a maximum maturity of one year. In addition, it has concluded a five-year revolving credit agreement for a nominal amount of EUR 750 million. At the turn of the year 2007/2008, EUR 166.7 million of this revolving credit facility was in use (2006: 183.2 million).
The Group's long-term objective is to maintain the gearing ratio in the range of 40 to 80 per cent. To calculate the gearing ratio, interest-bearing net liabilities (interest-bearing liabilities less cash and cash equivalents) are divided by shareholders' equity.
Besides gearing, the revolving credit facility and certain other bilateral loan agreements contain a covenant according to which the Company represents and warrants that its financial standing will remain such that the consolidated shareholders' equity is always at least 25 per cent of the consolidated total assets (equity ratio).
The Board of Directors will propose a per-share dividend of EUR 0.50 for 2007, corresponding to a dividend payout ratio of 95%. Without the one time write-off of 47 million euros, the dividend payout ratio is 57%. The long-term objective is to distribute 40 to 60 per cent of the net operating income in dividends to the shareholders.
| EUR million | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Interest-bearing liabilities | 1,056.1 | 903.6 |
| Cash and cash equivalents Interest-bearing net |
52.6 | 76.1 |
| liabilities | 1,003.4 | 827.5 |
| Equity | 1,087.3 | 1,082.5 |
| Total assets | 2,827.9 | 2,769.4 |
| Gearing | 92 % | 76 % |
| Equity ratio | 39 % | 39 % |
| 2007 | 2006 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Book value | Fair value | Book value | Fair value | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 31.2 | 31.2 | 41.1 | 41.1 |
| Money market investments - cash equivalents - current |
15.0 | 15.0 | 35.0 | 35.5 |
| - non-current | 6.4 | 6.6 | 2.4 | 2.4 |
| Total | 52.6 | 52.8 | 78.6 | 79.0 |
The fair value of current receivables has been calculated by discounting the book value at an effective interest rate of 4.0% - 4.6% (3.8% - 4.0% in 2006). The fair value of non-current receivables is based on market prices, the effective interest rate of which varied in the range of 0.0% - 4.7% (0.0% - 4.2% in 2006).
| Dec. 31, 2007 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Currency | Fair | Book | Maturity | ||||||
| value | value | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013- | ||
| EUR | 284.1 | 286.1 | 157.4 | 6.8 | 3.1 | 1.6 | 17.2 | 100.0 | |
| SEK | 82.7 | 81.8 | 0.2 | - | 42.4 | 39.3 | - | - | |
| USD | 261.8 | 256.8 | 38.1 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 8.8 | 55.0 | 136.4 | |
| Other | 23.9 | 23.5 | 21.5 | 1.3 | - | - | - | 0.6 | |
| Total | 652.5 | 648.2 | 217.2 | 17.4 | 54.7 | 49.7 | 72.2 | 237.0 | |
| Dec. 31, 2006 | |||||||||
| Currency | Fair | Book | Maturity | ||||||
| value | value | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012- | ||
| EUR | 279.9 | 279.0 | 143.7 | 18.1 | 5.8 | 4.3 | 19.3 | 87.8 | |
| SEK | 87.0 | 86.3 | 0.9 | 0.2 | - | 44.3 | 40.9 | - | |
| USD | 214.9 | 210.7 | 42.7 | 0.2 | 10.3 | 35.0 | 22.3 | 100.2 | |
| Other | 37.5 | 37.4 | 34.5 | 2.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.6 |
Effective interest rate varied in the range of 0.0% - 12.0% (0.0% - 12.0% in 2006). Figures include the amortizations planned for 2008 excluding commercial papers, finance lease liabilities and other current loans.
Total 619.3 613.4 221.8 20.5 16.2 83.7 82.6 188.6
| Dec. 31, 2007 | Maturity | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loan type | Drawn | Undrawn | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013- |
| Loans from financial institutions | 481.5 | - | 50.4 | 17.4 | 54.7 | 49.8 | 72.2 | 237.0 |
| financial expenses | 24.6 | 22.0 | 21.1 | 18.3 | 15.8 | 12.1 | ||
| Revolving credit facility | 166.7 | 583.3 | 166.7 | - | - | - | - | - |
| financial expenses | 8.3 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Finance lease liabilities | 4.3 | - | 4.3 | - | - | - | - | - |
| financial expenses | 0.5 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Commercial paper programme | 385.9 | 214.1 | 385.9 | - | - | - | - | - |
| financial expenses | 18.1 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Other i-b current loans | 17.7 | - | 17.7 | - | - | - | - | - |
| financial expenses | 0.7 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Interest bearing loans | 1056.1 | 797.4 | 677.2 | 39.4 | 75.8 | 68.1 | 88.0 | 249.1 |
| Trade payables | 229.2 | - | 229.2 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Derivative liabilities | 7.7 | - | 6.3 | 1.3 | 0.1 | - | - | - |
| Derivative assets | -25.6 | - | -21.4 | -1.9 | -0.6 | -1.5 | -0.2 | - |
| Trade payables and derivatives | 211.3 | - | 214.1 | -0.6 | -0.5 | -1.5 | -0.2 | - |
| Dec. 31, 2006 | Maturity | |||||||
| Loan type | Drawn | Undrawn | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012- |
| Loans from financial institutions | 430.2 | - | 38.6 | 20.5 | 16.2 | 83.7 | 82.6 | 188.6 |
| financial expenses | 22.0 | 20.0 | 19.0 | 18.2 | 13.9 | 9.6 | ||
| Revolving credit facility | 183.2 | 566.8 | 183.2 | - | - | - | - | - |
| financial expenses | 8.1 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Finance lease liabilities | 3.0 | - | 3.0 | - | - | - | - | - |
| financial expenses | 0.3 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Commercial paper programme | 272.0 | 328.0 | 272.0 | - | - | - | - | - |
| financial expenses | 12.8 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Other i-b current loans | 15.2 | - | 15.2 | - | - | - | - | - |
| financial expenses | 0.6 | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Interest bearing loans | 903.6 | 894.8 | 555.8 | 40.5 | 35.2 | 101.9 | 96.5 | 198.2 |
| Trade payables | 278.6 | - | 278.6 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Derivative liabilities | 1.6 | - | 1.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | - | - | - |
| Derivative assets | -30.5 | - | -17.6 | -10.6 | -0.6 | -1.5 | -0.2 | - |
| Trade payables and derivatives | 249.7 | - | 262.4 | -10.5 | -0.5 | -1.5 | -0.2 | - |
| Group | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| holding | ||||
| % | ||||
| Aluminium Sulphate Co. of Egypt S.A.E. | Cairo | Egypt | 26.1 | |
| BNH Nya Hembutikerna AB | Stockholm | Sweden | 45.1 | |
| Ekomuovi Oy | Lahti | Finland | 22.4 | |
| FC Energia Oy | Ikaalinen | Finland | 34.0 | |
| FC Power Oy | Ikaalinen | Finland | 34.0 | |
| Galvatek Technology Oy | Lahti | Finland | 39.9 | |
| Haapaveden Puhdistamo Oy | Haapavesi | Finland | 40.5 | |
| Haapaveden Ymparistöpalvelut Oy | Haapavesi | Finland | 40.5 | |
| Honkalahden Teollisuuslaituri Oy | Joutseno | Finland | 50.0 | |
| KemMaq JV | Rowley | United States | 50.0 | |
| Kemwater Phil., Corp. | Manila | Philippines | 40.0 | |
| 2007 | 2006 | |||
| Summarised financial information of associates (companies' total amounts) | ||||
| Assets | 29.2 | 137.4 | ||
| Liabilities | 21.5 | 103.0 | ||
| Revenue | 22.7 | 89.7 | ||
| Net profit for the period | 3.0 | -3.9 | ||
| 2007 | 2006 | |||
| The following transactions took place with associated companies: | ||||
| Sale of goods | 24.6 | 32.4 | ||
| Total sales | 24.6 | 32.4 | ||
| Purchase of goods | 23.9 | 28.4 | ||
| Total purchases | 23.9 | 28.4 |
No services were sold to associates in 2007, nor were any services acquired from associates.
Receivables from associates in 2007 were EUR 3.9 million and liabilities for associates were EUR 3.6 million.
The Group's joint ventures on December 31, 2007 are OOO Sto-Tikkurila and Alcro Parti AB. Kemira-Ube Ltd. was sold in 2007. The Group has a 50% voting right in joint ventures. The consolidated financial statements include shares of the joint ventures' assets, liabilities, income and expenses as follows:
| Non-current assets 0.5 Current assets 1.4 Total assets 1.9 Non-current liabilities 1.1 Current liabilities 0.5 Total liabilities 1.6 |
2006 |
|---|---|
| 4.4 | |
| 6.1 | |
| 10.5 | |
| 0.7 | |
| 4.3 | |
| 5.0 | |
| Revenue 14.0 |
19.9 |
| Costs -12.9 |
-17.5 |
| Depreciation -0.5 |
-1.4 |
| Income taxes -0.4 |
-0.4 |
| Net profit for the period 0.2 |
0.6 |
• Kemira established a new company, Kemira Water Solutions Brazil Ltda in Brazil in December 2006.
• Kemira established a new company, Kemira Polymers Manufacturing B.V. in the Netherlands in January.
• Kemira acquired in April TRI-K Industries, Inc. The transaction also included Maybrook, Inc, a wholly owned subsidiary of TRI-K.
• Kemira acquired Sustainable Nutrition B.V. in the Netherlands in March.
• Tikkurila acquired 70% of Dickursby Holding AB, OOO Gamma Industrial Coatings and OOO Tikkurila Powder Coatings in April.
• Kemira Oyj's ownership in Kemira Water Solutions Brasil Ltda increased from 80% to nearly 100% and Kemira Kemi
AB's ownership decreased from 20% to less than 1% in May.
• Kemira Oyj bought the shares of Kemira Asia Pacific Pte Ltd from Kemira Pigments Oy in August.
• Kemira Oyj purchased the shares of Kemira Service Partner AB from Kemira Kemi AB in September.
• Industry Park of Sweden AB (Kemira Service Partner AB) purchased the shares of Industry Park I Helsingborg Förvaltning AB (Akvab AB) from Kemira Kemi AB in September.
• Industry Park i Helsingborg Förvaltning AB purchased the shares of Kemira Kopparverket KB from Kemira Kemi AB in September.
Kemira Miljö A/S Kemira Water Danmark A/S Kemira Pigments Latin America Comercial Limitada Kemira Chile Commercial Limitada Kemira PPC Germany GmbH Kemira Germany GmbH TBD S.A. Tikkurila Polska S.A. Kemira Service Partner AB Industry Park of Sweden AB Akvab AB Industry Park i Helsingborg Förvaltning AB ZAO Finncolor OOO Tikkurila ZAO Tikkurila Coatings OOO Tikkurila Coatings
Old Name New name
In connection with the strategic review process, it was decided to classify the assets and liabilities of strategic business unit Chemidet as assets held for sale. The strategic business unit belongs to Kemira Specialty Business Area. There are negotiations on going for disposal. The loss recognised in the income statement amounts to EUR 9.2 million.
The non-current assets held for sale includes also a land area in Porkkala Finland. The sale contract was signed in 2007 but the ownership of the land will transfer in 2008.
An error was discovered related to the financial statements of 2006 and has been corrected retrospectively according to IAS 8. The error was related to the calculation of the provision made for the closure of the Water Soluble business unit and, as a result of this, the provision was reported EUR 8 million too low. This has been corrected to the fourth quarter result of 2006. The income statement of full year 2006 and the balance sheet at December 31, 2006 were changed as follows:
| Reported | Corrected | |
|---|---|---|
| Income Statement | 2006 | 2006 |
| Revenue | 2,522.5 | 2,522.5 |
| Other income from operations | 59.2 | 59.2 |
| Expenses | -2,256.5 | -2,264.5 |
| Depreciation | -123.5 | -123.5 |
| Operating profit | 201.7 | 193.7 |
| Financial income and expenses | -37.2 | -37.2 |
| Share of profit or loss of associates | -2.3 | -2.3 |
| Profit before tax | 162.2 | 154.2 |
| Income tax | -42.0 | -42.0 |
| Net profit for the period | 120.2 | 112.2 |
| Attributable to: | ||
| Equity holders of the parent | 116.6 | 108.6 |
| Minority interest | 3.6 | 3.6 |
| Net profit for the period | 120.2 | 112.2 |
| Reported | Corrected | |
| Key figures | 2006 | 2006 |
| Earnings per share, basic and diluted, EUR | 0.96 | 0.90 |
| Balance Sheet | Reported | Corrected |
| 31.12.2006 | 31.12.2006 | |
| Equity and liabilities | ||
| Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent | 1,077.9 | 1,069.9 |
| Total equity | 1,090.5 | 1,082.5 |
| Provisions | 55.3 | 63.3 |
| Total non-current liabilities | 623.1 | 631.1 |
The Group has no significant events after the balance sheet date.
| Company | Kemira Group's Holding % |
City | Country | Type of business |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kemira Oyj | Helsinki | Finland | Production | |
| Kemira Pulp&Paper, Kemira Water, Kemira Specialty | ||||
| Kemira Ibérica S.A. | 100,00 | Barcelona | Spain | Production |
| Kemira Kemi AB | 100,00 | Helsingborg | Sweden | Production |
| Kemira Chemicals (UK) Ltd | 100,00 | Harrogate | United Kingdom | Marketing |
| Kemira Chemie Ges.mbH | 100,00 | Krems | Austria | Production |
| Kemira Chemicals B.V. | 100,00 | Rozenburg | Netherlands | Production |
| Kemira Chemicals Holding Oy | 100,00 | Helsinki | Finland | Holding |
| Kemira Chimie S.A.S.U. | 100,00 | Lauterbourg | France | Production |
| PT Kemira Indonesia | 100,00 | Jakarta | Indonesia | Production |
| Kemira Pulp&Paper, Kemira Water | ||||
| Kemira Chemicals AS | 100,00 | Gamle Fredrikstad | Norway | Production |
| Kemira (Yixing) Co., Ltd | 100,00 | Yixing City | China | Production |
| Kemira Pulp&Paper, Kemira Specialty | ||||
| Kemira Chile Comercial Limitada | 100,00 | Santiago | Chile | Marketing |
| Kemira Water, Kemira Specialty | ||||
| Kemira Chimica S.p.A. | 100,00 | Milano | Italy | Production, Service |
| Kemira Pulp&Paper | ||||
| Kemira Japan K.K. | 100,00 | Tokyo | Japan | Production |
| Kemira Germany GmbH | 100,00 | Leverkusen | Germany | Production |
| Kemira-Swiecie sp. z o.o | 100,00 | Swiecie | Poland | Production |
| Kemira Cell sp.z.o.o | 55,00 | Ostroleka | Poland | Production |
| Kemira Uruguay S.A. | 100,00 | Montevideo | Uruguay | Production |
| Kemira Taiwan Corporation | 100,00 | Taipei | Taiwan | Marketing |
| Kemira Korea Corporation | 100,00 | Gangnam-Gu | South-Korea | Marketing |
| Kemira Chemicals Canada Inc. | 100,00 | Maitland | Canada | Production |
| Kemira Specialty Chemicals, Inc. | 100,00 | Kennesaw, GA | United States | Holding |
| Kemira Chemicals, Inc. | 100,00 | Kennesaw, GA | United States | Production |
| OOO "Kemira HIM" | 100,00 | St. Petersburg | Russia | Marketing |
| Kemira Chemicals Brasil Ltda | 100,00 | Telêmaco Borba | Brazil | Production |
| Kemira Chemicals (Shanghai) Co. Ltd. | 100,00 | Shanghai | China | Marketing |
| Kemira Hong Kong Company Limited | 100,00 | Hong Kong | China | Production |
| Finnish Chemicals Oy | 100,00 | Helsinki | Finland | Production |
| Finnish Chemicals Corporation | 100,00 | Delaware | United States | Holding |
| Finnchem USA, Inc. | 100,00 | Delaware | United States | Production |
| HD Tech Inc. | 50,00 | Ontario | Canada | Marketing |
| HTC Augusta Inc | 100,00 | Delaware | United States | Holding |
| Huron Federal LLC | 50,00 | Delaware | United States | Production |
| Honkalahden teollisuuslaituri Oy | 50,00 | Joutseno | Finland | Service |
| Kemira Water | |
|---|---|
| Kemira KTM d.o.o. | 100,00 | Ljubljana | Slovenia | Production |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kemira de México, S.A. de C.V. | 100,00 | Tlaxcala | Mexico | Production |
| Kemira Water Danmark | 100,00 | Esbjerg | Denmark | Production |
| Scandinavian Tanking System A/S | 100,00 | Copenhagen | Denmark | Production |
| Aliada Quimica de Portugal Lda. | 50,10 | Estarreja | Portugal | Production |
| Kemwater Cristal S.A. | 78,45 | Bucharest | Rumania | Production |
| Kemwater Chimbis S.A. | 76,05 | Bistrita | Rumania | Production |
| Kemira Water Solutions Brasil -Produtos para | ||||
| tratamento de agua Ltda. | 100,00 | Saõ Bernardo do Campo-SP | Brazil | Production |
| Arapoti Saneamento Ltda | 100,00 | Arapoti | Brazil | Production |
| Empresa Lajeana Ltda | 100,00 | Lages-SC | Brazil | Production |
| Kemira Water Solutions (Chongqing) Co., Ltd | 80,00 | Chongqing | China | Production |
| Industry Park i Helsingborg Förvaltning AB | 100,00 | Lund | Sweden | Holding |
| Kemifloc a.s. | 51,00 | Prerov | Czech Republic | Production |
| Kemifloc Slovakia S.r.o. | 51,00 | Sol | Slovakia | Marketing |
| Kemwater Närke AB | 100,00 | Kumla | Sweden | Production |
| Kemipol Sp. z o.o. | 51,00 | Police | Poland | Production |
| Kemipol-Ukraina Ltd | 51,00 | Chmielnicki | Ukraine | Marketing |
| Kemwater Brasil S.A. | 66,70 | São Paulo | Brazil | Production |
| Kemwater ProChemie s.r.o. | 95,10 | Bakov nad Jizerou | Czech Republic | Production |
| Corporación Kemira Chemicals de Venezuela, C.A. | 100,00 | Caracas | Venezuela | Production |
| Kemira Water Solutions B.V. | 100,00 | Rozenburg | Netherlands | Production |
| Kemira Polymers Manufacturing B.V. | 100,00 | Botlek Rt | Netherlands | Production |
| Kemira Chemicals S.A./N.V. | 100,00 | Wavre | Belgium | Marketing |
| ZAO Kemira Eko | 100,00 | St. Petersburg | Russia | Production |
| AS Kemivesi | 100,00 | Tallinn | Estonia | Production |
| Oy Galvatek Ab | 100,00 | Lahti | Finland | Marketing, Service |
| Galvatek Polska Sp.z.o.o. | 100,00 | Warzaw | Poland | Marketing |
| Galvatek Sweden AB | 100,00 | Norrköping | Sweden | Marketing |
| Kemira Water Solutions, Inc. | 100,00 | Bartow | United States | Marketing, production |
| Kemira Logistics, Inc. | 100,00 | Fontana | United States | Service |
| Kemira Water Solutions Canada Inc. | 100,00 | Varennes Qs | Canada | Production |
| Kemira Specialty | ||||
| Kemira ChemSolutions b.v. | 100,00 | Tiel | Netherlands | Production |
| Kemira KTM d.o.o. | 100,00 | Ljubljana | Slovenia | Production |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kemira de México, S.A. de C.V. | 100,00 | Tlaxcala | Mexico | Production |
| Kemira Water Danmark | 100,00 | Esbjerg | Denmark | Production |
| Scandinavian Tanking System A/S | 100,00 | Copenhagen | Denmark | Production |
| Aliada Quimica de Portugal Lda. | 50,10 | Estarreja | Portugal | Production |
| Kemwater Cristal S.A. | 78,45 | Bucharest | Rumania | Production |
| Kemwater Chimbis S.A. | 76,05 | Bistrita | Rumania | Production |
| Kemira Water Solutions Brasil -Produtos para | ||||
| tratamento de agua Ltda. | 100,00 | Saõ Bernardo do Campo-SP | Brazil | Production |
| Arapoti Saneamento Ltda | 100,00 | Arapoti | Brazil | Production |
| Empresa Lajeana Ltda | 100,00 | Lages-SC | Brazil | Production |
| Kemira Water Solutions (Chongqing) Co., Ltd | 80,00 | Chongqing | China | Production |
| Industry Park i Helsingborg Förvaltning AB | 100,00 | Lund | Sweden | Holding |
| Kemifloc a.s. | 51,00 | Prerov | Czech Republic | Production |
| Kemifloc Slovakia S.r.o. | 51,00 | Sol | Slovakia | Marketing |
| Kemwater Närke AB | 100,00 | Kumla | Sweden | Production |
| Kemipol Sp. z o.o. | 51,00 | Police | Poland | Production |
| Kemipol-Ukraina Ltd | 51,00 | Chmielnicki | Ukraine | Marketing |
| Kemwater Brasil S.A. | 66,70 | São Paulo | Brazil | Production |
| Kemwater ProChemie s.r.o. | 95,10 | Bakov nad Jizerou | Czech Republic | Production |
| Corporación Kemira Chemicals de Venezuela, C.A. | 100,00 | Caracas | Venezuela | Production |
| Kemira Water Solutions B.V. | 100,00 | Rozenburg | Netherlands | Production |
| Kemira Polymers Manufacturing B.V. | 100,00 | Botlek Rt | Netherlands | Production |
| Kemira Chemicals S.A./N.V. | 100,00 | Wavre | Belgium | Marketing |
| ZAO Kemira Eko | 100,00 | St. Petersburg | Russia | Production |
| AS Kemivesi | 100,00 | Tallinn | Estonia | Production |
| Oy Galvatek Ab | 100,00 | Lahti | Finland | Marketing, Service |
| Galvatek Polska Sp.z.o.o. | 100,00 | Warzaw | Poland | Marketing |
| Galvatek Sweden AB | 100,00 | Norrköping | Sweden | Marketing |
| Kemira Water Solutions, Inc. | 100,00 | Bartow | United States | Marketing, production |
| Kemira Logistics, Inc. | 100,00 | Fontana | United States | Service |
| Kemira Water Solutions Canada Inc. | 100,00 | Varennes Qs | Canada | Production |
| Kemira ChemSolutions b.v. | 100,00 | Tiel | Netherlands | Production |
| Droiban Energia A.I E. | 90,00 | Barcelona | Spain | Production |
TRI-K Industries, Inc. 100,00 Northvale United States Marketing
Maybrook, Inc. 100,00 Lawrence United States Production
Kemira Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd. 100,00 Singapore Singapore Marketing
Kemira Pigments Oy 100,00 Helsinki Finland Production
| Kemira Coatings | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tikkurila Oy | 100,00 | Vantaa | Finland | Service |
| Tikkurila Paints Oy | 100,00 | Vantaa | Finland | Production |
| Tikkurila Coatings Oy | 100,00 | Vantaa | Finland | Production |
| Tikkurila Coatings Sp. z o.o. | 100,00 | Debica | Poland | Marketing |
| Tikkurila Coatings AB | 100,00 | Stockholm | Sweden | Marketing |
| Tikkurila Coatings B.V. | 100,00 | Rozenburg | Netherlands | Marketing |
| OOO Tikkurila Coatings | 100,00 | St. Petersburg | Russia | Marketing |
| Dickursby Holding AB | 70,00 | Stockholm | Sweden | Holding |
| OOO Gamma Industrial Coatings | 70,00 | St. Petersburg | Russia | Production |
| OOO Tikkurila Powder Coatings | 70,00 | St. Petersburg | Russia | Production |
| Tikkurila (Beijing) Paints Co., Ltd | 100,00 | Beijing | China | Marketing |
| AS Tikkurila-Vivacolor | 100,00 | Tallinn | Estonia | Production |
| UAB Tikkurila-Vivacolor | 100,00 | Vilnius | Lithuania | Marketing |
| OOO Tikkurila | 100,00 | St. Petersburg | Russia | Production |
| OOO Kraski Tikkurila | 100,00 | Moscow | Russia | Production |
| Tikkurila Kft. | 100,00 | Budapest | Hungary | Marketing |
| OOO Kraski Teks | 100,00 | St. Petersburg | Russia | Production |
| OOO Sto-Tikkurila | 50,00 | Moscow | Russia | Production |
| TOO Tikkurila | 100,00 | Almaty | Republic of Kazahkstan Marketing | |
| TOV Tikkurila | 100,00 | Kiev | Ukraine | Production |
| Isanta LLC | 100,00 | Kiev | Ukraine | Production |
| Tikkurila Polska S.A. | 100,00 | Debica | Poland | Production |
| Alcro-Beckers AB | 100,00 | Stockholm | Sweden | Production |
| Tikkurila Norge A/S | 100,00 | Oslo | Norway | Marketing |
| Tikkurila Danmark A/S | 100,00 | Bröndby | Denmark | Marketing |
| Pigrol Farben GmbH | 100,00 | Ansbach | Germany | Production |
| Alcro Parti AB | 50,00 | Stockholm | Sweden | Marketing |
| SIA Tikkurila-Vivacolor | 100,00 | Riga | Latvia | Marketing |
| Tikkurila s.r.o. | 100,00 | Praha | Czech Republic | Marketing |
| Other | ||||
| Kemira Netherland Holding B.V. | 100,00 | Rozenburg | Netherlands | Service |
| Kemira International Finance B.V. | 100,00 | Rozenburg | Netherlands | Holding |
| Kemira GrowHow A/S | 100,00 | Fredericia | Denmark | Holding |
| Kemira Speciality Crop Care España S.A. | 100,00 | Madrid | Spain | Marketing |
| Kemira Specialty Crop Care B.V. | 100,00 | Rozenburg | Netherlands | Marketing |
| Spruce Vakuutus Oy | 100,00 | Helsinki | Finland | Service |
| Industry Park of Sweden AB | 100,00 | Helsingborg | Sweden | Service |
| Kemira Kopparverket KB | 100,00 | Helsingborg | Sweden | Holding |
| Note | 1.1.-31.12.2007 | 1.1.-31.12.2006 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 2 | 279 694 043,13 | 266 102 368,42 |
| Change in inventories of finished goods | 3 | 2 402 953,86 | -2 034 252,20 |
| Own work capitalised | 3 | 1 929 754,46 | 1 578 993,34 |
| Other operating income | 4 | 30 476 101,94 | 15 517 236,95 |
| Materials and services | 3 | -139 046 730,76 | -125 653 322,79 |
| Personnel expenses | 6 | -68 710 370,95 | -73 999 487,64 |
| Depreciation and impairments | 7 | -36 381 461,35 | -19 200 858,19 |
| Other operating expenses | 3, 5 | -92 660 247,01 | -115 441 982,80 |
| Operating loss | -22 295 956,68 | -53 131 304,91 | |
| Financial income and expenses | 8 | -28 854 077,20 | 3 824 492,62 |
| Loss before extraordinary items | -51 150 033,88 | -49 306 812,29 | |
| Extraordinary items | 9 | 48 670 000,00 | 51 993 114,00 |
| Loss / profit before appropriations and taxes | -2 480 033,88 | 2 686 301,71 | |
| Appropriations | 7 | 1 266 696,21 | 1 294 937,89 |
| Income tax | 10 | 3 865 614,95 | -8 905 165,31 |
| Net loss / profit for the period | 2 652 277,28 | -4 923 925,71 |
| Note | 31.12.2007 | 31.12.2006 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASSETS | |||
| Non-current assets | |||
| Intangible assets | 11 | 26 913 269,57 | 23 812 298,74 |
| Property, plant and equipment | 12 | 113 157 179,69 | 106 908 366,45 |
| Investments | 13 | ||
| Holdings in subsidiaries | 1 421 025 736,22 | 927 949 659,39 | |
| Holdings in associates | 1 016 427,91 | 3 909 554,07 | |
| Other shares and holdings | 21 077 179,46 | 12 919 075,75 | |
| Total investments | 1 443 119 343,59 | 944 778 289,21 | |
| Total non-current assets | 1 583 189 792,85 | 1 075 498 954,40 | |
| Current assets | |||
| Inventories | 14 | 19 465 318,76 | 15 130 486,36 |
| Non-current receivables | 15 | 323 422 303,66 | 452 748 761,17 |
| Current receivables | 15 | 204 829 953,99 | 499 670 237,76 |
| Money market investments - cash equivalents | 16 | 4 732 099,42 | 18 218 378,62 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 4 603 379,68 | 40 785 144,46 | |
| Total current assets | 557 053 055,51 | 1 026 553 008,37 | |
| Total assets | 2 140 242 848,36 | 2 102 051 962,77 | |
| EQUITY AND LIABILITIES | |||
| 31.12.2007 | 31.12.2006 | ||
| Equity | 17 | ||
| Share capital | 221 761 727,69 | 221 624 481,75 | |
| Capital paid-in excess of par value | 257 877 731,94 | 257 866 337,69 | |
| Retained earnings | 204 586 017,53 | 266 821 419,95 | |
| Net profit/ loss for the financial year | 2 652 277,28 | -4 923 925,71 | |
| Total Equity | 686 877 754,44 | 741 388 313,68 | |
| Appropriations | 18 | 42 054 767,21 | 43 321 463,42 |
| Obligatory provisions | 19 | 11 064 555,13 | 54 164 978,34 |
| Liabilities | |||
| Non-current liabilities | 20 | 389 362 755,30 | 424 347 214,72 |
| Current liabilities | 21 | 1 010 883 016,28 | 838 829 992,61 |
| Total liabilities Total equity and liabilities |
1 400 245 771,58 2 140 242 848,36 |
1 263 177 207,33 2 102 051 962,77 |
|
| 2007 | 2006 | |
|---|---|---|
| Cash flows from operating activities | ||
| Operating result | -22,3 | -53,1 |
| Adjustments to operating result | -6,6 | -4,9 |
| Depreciation | 36,4 | 19,2 |
| Interest received | 44,6 | 42,0 |
| Interest paid | -68,3 | -44,1 |
| Dividends received | 9,2 | 5,4 |
| Other financing items | -77,5 | 5,5 |
| Income taxes paid | -2,6 | -15,9 |
| Total funds from operations | -87,1 | -45,9 |
| Change in net working capital | ||
| Change in inventories | -5,1 | 2,6 |
| Change in current receivables | -0,9 | -0,5 |
| Change in interest-free current liabilities | -19,9 | 23,5 |
| Change in net working capital, total | -25,9 | 25,6 |
| Total cash flows from operations | -113,0 | -20,3 |
| Cash flows from investing activities | ||
| Acquisitions of subsidiaries | -497,7 | -69,9 |
| Purchase of other shares | -8,2 | -1,0 |
| Purchase of other property, plant and equipment | -46,2 | -29,3 |
| Proceeds from sale of subsidiaries | 1,3 | 26,0 |
| Proceeds from sale of other shares | 6,1 | - |
| Proceeds from sale of other property, plant and equipment | 3,6 | 3,0 |
| Total capital expenditure | -541,1 | -71,3 |
| Cash flow before financing | -654,1 | -91,6 |
| Cash flows from financing activities | ||
| Change in non-current loans (increase +, decrease -) | 29,5 | 181,1 |
| Change in non-current loan receivables | ||
| (decrease +, increase -) | 263,2 | -7,5 |
| Short-term financing, net (increase +, decrease -) | 316,8 | -40,5 |
| Increase in shareholdes' equity | 0,2 | 0,4 |
| Group contribution | 52,0 | 46,7 |
| Dividends paid | -58,2 | -43,6 |
| Other | 0,9 | 3,5 |
| Net cash used in financing activities | 604,4 | 140,1 |
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents | -49,7 | 48,5 |
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | 9,3 | 59,0 |
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 59,0 | 10,5 |
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents | -49,7 | 48,5 |
The parent company's financial statements have been prepared in compliance with the relevant acts and regulations in force in Finland (FAS). The Kemira Group's financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), and the parent company observes the Group's accounting policies whenever this has been possible. Presented below are principally the accounting policies in which the practice differs from the Group's accounting policies. In other respects, the Group's accounting policies are observed.
All financial assets (including shares) and liabilities are booked at their acquisition cost or their value less writedowns, except for derivative instruments, which are measured at their fair value. Changes in the value of financial assets and liabilities, including derivatives, are booked as a credit or charge to income under financial income and expenses. The methods of measuring derivative contracts are discussed in the section on the Group's significant accounting policies.
The Company's pension liabilities are handled in part through a pension insurance company and in part through Kemira's own pension foundations. Contributions are based on periodic actuarial calculations and are charged against profits. The Company has entered into a separate pension commitment with the President and CEO.
The treatment of share-based schemes is discussed in the Group's accounting policies. In the parent company, share-based payments are recorded as an expense in the amounts of the payments to be made.
The Group's accounting policies are applied to income taxes and deferred tax assets and liabilities to the extent permitted under Finnish financial statement practice. The deferred tax liability for the depreciation difference is stated in a note to the financial statements.
The Group's accounting policies are applied to property, plant and equipment and intangible assets. In the parent company, goodwill continues to be amortized, as are intangible assets with an indefinite useful life.
All leasing payments have been treated as rental expenses.
Extraordinary income and expenses consist of Group contributions received and given, which are eliminated at the Group level.
| 2. REVENUE | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue by business segment | ||
| Kemira Pulp & Paper | 159 769 000 | 154 362 000 |
| Kemira Water | 23 808 000 | 21 824 500 |
| Kemira Specialty | 63 708 000 | 59 722 000 |
| Other and intra-Group sales | 32 409 043 | 30 193 868 |
| Total | 279 694 043 | 266 102 368 |
| Distribution of revenue by geographic segments, as a percentage of total revenue |
||
| Finland | 67 | 67 |
| Sweden | 5 | 6 |
| Other European Union countries | 15 | 15 |
| Other European countries | 5 | 4 |
| North and South America Asia |
3 5 |
4 4 |
| Total | 100 | 100 |
| 3. COST OF SALES | 2007 | 2006 |
| Change in inventories of finished goods | -2 402 954 | 2 034 252 |
| Own work capitalised | -1 929 754 | -1 578 993 |
| Materials and services | ||
| Materials and supplies | ||
| Purchases during the financial year | 137 510 385 | 123 150 978 |
| Change in inventories of materials and supplies | -1 155 792 | 160 248 |
| External services | 2 692 138 | 2 342 097 |
| Total materials and services | 139 046 731 | 125 653 323 |
| Personnel expenses | 68 710 371 | 73 999 488 |
| Rents | 12 097 028 | 11 159 177 |
| Loss on the sales of property, plant and equipment | 2 127 827 | 1 571 674 |
| Other expenses | 78 435 391 | 102 711 131 |
| Total | 296 084 640 | 315 550 052 |
Own work capitalized comprises mainly wages, salaries and other personnel expenses related to purchases of property, plant and equipment and materials and supplies taken from inventories.
Other expenses in 2007 include hydrogen peroxide contract payments of EUR 3.4 million and in 2006 a fine of EUR 33 million paid in violation of competition legislation.
In 2007 costs included a net decrease in obligatory provisions of EUR -5.7 million (EUR -0.05 million in 2006).
| 4. OTHER OPERATING INCOME | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Gain on liquidation | 14 268 618 | 525 290 |
| Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment | 1 227 895 | 2 155 564 |
| Gain on sale of shares | 3 244 882 | 2 679 757 |
| Rent income | 515 809 | 608 257 |
| Management fees | 11 002 619 | 9 459 575 |
| Other income from operations | 216 279 | 88 794 |
| Total | 30 476 102 | 15 517 237 |
Notes to Kemira Oyj financial statements (EUR)
| 5. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Research and development expenses total | 10 986 586 | 11 017 531 |
| 6. PERSONNEL EXPENSES AND NUMBER OF PERSONNEL | ||
| Emoluments of the Supervisory Board Emoluments of the Board of Directors, the Managing Director |
48 717 | 62 200 |
| and his deputy 1) | 2 776 508 | 2 305 807 |
| Other wages and salaries | 46 938 129 | 52 940 476 |
| Pension expenses | 15 098 595 | 13 893 864 |
| Other personnel expenses | 3 848 422 | 4 797 141 |
| Total | 68 710 371 | 73 999 488 |
1) The emolument of Kemira Oyj's Managing Director was EUR 1,660,726 (1,349,318) including bonuses of EUR 1,003,261 (651,111). The emolument of Kemira Oyj's deputy Managing Director was EUR 773,717 (614,548) including bonuses of EUR 462,257 (327,225).
Other transactions between related parties are presented in Note 20 in the notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
| Personnel at the end of year | ||
|---|---|---|
| Kemira Pulp & Paper | 461 | 460 |
| Kemira Water | 71 | 59 |
| Kemira Specialty | 142 | 143 |
| Other | 361 | 338 |
| Total | 1 035 | 1 000 |
| Personnel, average | 1 054 | 1 008 |
| 7. DEPRECIATION AND IMPAIRMENTS | 2007 | 2006 |
| Depreciation according to plan and impairments | ||
| Intangible assets | ||
| Intangible rights | 936 155 | 569 602 |
| Goodwill | 592 184 | 592 184 |
| Other intangible assets | 20 098 662 | 3 715 598 |
| Property, plant and equipment | ||
| Buildings and constructions | 2 385 344 | 2 271 277 |
| Machinery and equipment | 12 197 126 | 11 878 043 |
| Other property, plant and equipment | 171 990 | 174 154 |
| Total | 36 381 461 | 19 200 858 |
| Change in difference between scheduled and | ||
| actual depreciation (+ increase/ - decrease) | ||
| Intangible rights | 29 461 | -23 301 |
| Other intangible assets | -1 087 620 | -166 888 |
| Buildings and constructions | -280 995 | -382 082 |
| Machinery and equipment | -92 201 | -902 836 |
| Other property, plant and equipment | 164 658 | 180 169 |
| Total | -1 266 696 | -1 294 938 |
In 2007 impairments include a EUR 15 million impairment of other intangible assets.
| 8. FINANCIAL INCOME AND EXPENSES | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Financial income | ||
| Dividend income | ||
| From Group companies | 10 123 320 | 5 426 844 |
| From others | 69 358 | 1 618 |
| Total dividend income | 10 192 678 | 5 428 462 |
| Interest income | ||
| From non-current investments from Group companies | 19 021 216 | 25 840 373 |
| From current investments from Group companies | 6 852 653 | 5 641 865 |
| From non-current investments from others | 256 | 1 858 |
| From current investments from others | 17 560 070 | 12 940 600 |
| Total interest income | 43 434 195 | 44 424 697 |
| Other financial income | ||
| Other financial income from Group companies | 154 550 | 103 087 |
| Total other financial income | 154 550 | 103 087 |
| Exchange gains | ||
| Exchange gains from Group companies | 69 768 756 | 12 451 640 |
| Exchange gains from others | 87 354 561 | 47 512 702 |
| Total exchange gains | 157 123 317 | 59 964 342 |
| Total financial income | 210 904 740 | 109 920 587 |
| Financial expenses | ||
| Interest expenses | ||
| Interest expenses to Group companies | -7 736 785 | -3 498 092 |
| Interest expenses to others | -64 549 771 | -46 865 159 |
| Total interest expenses | -72 286 555 | -50 363 251 |
| Other financial expenses | -18 830 826 | -1 212 980 |
| Exchange losses | ||
| Exchange losses from Group companies | -91 294 511 | -47 134 027 |
| Exchange losses from others | -57 346 924 | -7 385 837 |
| Total exchange losses | -148 641 435 | -54 519 863 |
| Total financial expenses | -239 758 817 | -106 096 095 |
| Total financial income and expenses | -28 854 077 | 3 824 493 |
| Exchange gains and losses | ||
| Realised | -23 162 957 | 6 614 337 |
| Unrealised | 31 644 838 | -1 169 859 |
| Total | 8 481 882 | 5 444 478 |
In 2007 other financial expenses include a net decrease of obligatory provision of EUR 37.4 million.
| 9. EXTRAORDINARY ITEMS | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Extraordinary income | ||
| Group contributions received | 48 670 000 | 51 993 114 |
| Total | 48 670 000 | 51 993 114 |
| Total extraordinary income and expenses | 48 670 000 | 51 993 114 |
| 10. INCOME TAXES | ||
| Income taxes, current year | - | 8 798 554 |
| Income taxes, previous years | -816 418 | -954 098 |
| Deferred taxes | -4 195 234 | 3 941 |
| Other taxes | 1 146 037 | 1 056 768 |
| Total | -3 865 615 | 8 905 165 |
| Advances paid | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intangible rights |
Goodwill | and fixed assets under construction |
Other intangible assets |
2007 total | 2006 total | |
| Acquisition cost at beginning of year | 11 336 737 | 8 344 832 | 651 501 | 31 637 051 | 51 970 121 | 39 369 386 |
| Increases | 1 418 706 | - | 12 897 985 | 10 592 070 | 24 908 761 | 14 668 937 |
| Decreases | -3 318 794 | -1 081 706 | - | -1 131 229 | -5 531 729 | -2 068 202 |
| Business transfers | 290 209 | - | -623 936 | 221 930 | -111 797 | - |
| Acquisition cost at end of year | 9 726 859 | 7 263 126 | 12 925 550 | 41 319 822 | 71 235 356 | 51 970 121 |
| Accumulated depreciation at beginning of year | -6 548 606 | -6 173 487 | - | -15 435 730 | -28 157 822 | -23 284 556 |
| Accumulated depreciation relating to | ||||||
| decreases and transfers | 3 250 877 | 1 081 706 | - | 1 130 154 | 5 462 737 | 5 672 |
| Depreciation and impairments during | ||||||
| the financial year | -936 155 | -592 184 | - | -20 098 662 | -21 627 002 | -4 878 939 |
| Accumulated depreciation at end of year | -4 233 884 | -5 683 965 | - | -34 404 238 | -44 322 086 | -28 157 822 |
| Net book value at end of year | 5 492 975 | 1 579 161 | 12 925 550 | 6 915 584 | 26 913 270 | 23 812 299 |
| Land and water | Buildings and constructions |
Machinery and equipment |
Other property, plant and equipment |
Advances paid and fixed assets under construction |
2007 total | 2006 total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acquisition cost at beginning of year | 1 186 586 | 50 127 344 | 203 042 733 | 3 888 324 | 4 922 205 | 263 167 192 | 248 248 036 |
| Increases | - | 1 870 382 | 10 049 511 | - | 9 408 318 | 21 328 212 | 28 083 286 |
| Decreases | -7 798 | -805 922 | -16 706 924 | -33 505 | - | -17 554 148 | -13 164 130 |
| Business transfers | - | 1 237 914 | 2 681 949 | - | -3 808 066 | 111 797 | - |
| Acquisition cost at end of year | 1 178 787 | 52 429 718 | 199 067 270 | 3 854 820 | 10 522 457 | 267 053 052 | 263 167 192 |
| Accumulated depreciation at beginning of year | - | -21 319 451 | -133 219 856 | -1 719 518 | - | -156 258 825 | -142 912 951 |
| Accumulated depreciation relating to | |||||||
| decreases and transfers | - | 592 914 | 16 499 360 | 25 139 | - | 17 117 413 | 1 002 332 |
| Depreciation during the financial year | - | -2 385 344 | -12 197 126 | -171 990 | - | -14 754 460 | -14 348 206 |
| Accumulated depreciation at end of year | - | -23 111 881 | -128 917 622 | -1 866 369 | - | -153 895 872 | -156 258 825 |
| Net book value at end of year | 1 178 787 | 29 317 837 | 70 149 648 | 1 988 451 | 10 522 457 | 113 157 180 | 106 908 366 |
| Group company shares |
Investments in associated companies |
Other shares | 2007 total | 2006 total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Book value at beginning of year | 927 949 659 | 3 909 554 | 12 919 076 | 944 778 289 | 896 935 860 |
| Increases | 497 751 305 | - | 8 191 432 | 505 942 737 | 70 988 358 |
| Decreases | -4 675 228 | -2 893 126 | -33 328 | -7 601 683 | -23 145 929 |
| Net book value at end of year | 1 421 025 736 | 1 016 428 | 21 077 179 | 1 443 119 344 | 944 778 289 |
Shares and holdings are specified in Note 23.
Company owns 3,854,465 treasury shares, the nominal value of which totals EUR 6,835,722 and the acquisition value of which totals EUR 25,937,835.
| 14. INVENTORIES | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Raw materials and supplies | 6 641 889 | 5 370 286 |
| Work in process | - | 3 596 |
| Finished goods | 11 960 496 | 9 606 957 |
| Advances paid | 862 934 | 149 646 |
| Total | 19 465 319 | 15 130 486 |
| 15. RECEIVABLES | ||
| Non-current receivables | ||
| Interest-bearing non-current receivables | ||
| Loan receivables | ||
| Loan receivables from Group companies | 308 690 613 | 441 841 779 |
| Loan receivables from others | 829 | 5 648 |
| Total interest-bearing non-current receivables | 308 691 442 | 441 847 427 |
| Interest-free non-current receivables | ||
| Deferred taxes | 14 724 242 | 10 529 008 |
| Other receivables | 6 620 | 372 326 |
| Total interest-free non-current receivables | 14 730 862 | 10 901 334 |
| Total non-current receivables | 323 422 304 | 452 748 761 |
| Current receivables | ||
| Interest-bearing current receivables | ||
| Loan receivables from Group companies | 79 071 002 | 369 482 696 |
| Total interest-bearing current receivables | 79 071 002 | 369 482 696 |
| Interest-free current receivables | ||
| Trade receivables | ||
| Trade receivables from Group companies | 16 893 328 | 12 765 624 |
| Trade receivables from others | 25 677 071 | 23 853 709 |
| Total trade receivables | 42 570 399 | 36 619 333 |
| Prepayments | - | 14 499 |
| Accrued income | ||
| Accrued income from Group companies | 56 112 671 | 61 479 859 |
| Accrued income from associated companies | 3 843 | 50 803 |
| Accrued income from others | 26 095 652 | 31 169 530 |
| Total accrued income | 82 212 166 | 92 700 192 |
| Other receivables | ||
| Other receivables | 976 387 | 853 518 |
| Total other interest-free current receivables | 976 387 | 853 518 |
| Total interest-free current receivables | 125 758 952 | 130 187 542 |
| Total current receivables | 204 829 954 | 499 670 238 |
| Total receivables | 528 252 258 | 952 418 999 |
| 2007 | 2006 | |
|---|---|---|
| Accrued income | ||
| From interests | 10 623 714 | 13 005 825 |
| From taxes | 4 641 818 | 2 398 241 |
| From exchange differences | 15 195 681 | 16 956 242 |
| From Group contribution | 48 670 000 | 51 993 114 |
| Other | 3 080 952 | 8 346 770 |
| Total | 82 212 166 | 92 700 192 |
| Money-market investments | 4 732 099 | 18 218 379 |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 4 732 099 | 18 218 379 |
| 17. EQUITY | ||
| Restricted equity | ||
| Share capital at Jan. 1 | 221 624 482 | 221 330 069 |
| Increase (options) | 137 246 | 294 413 |
| Share capital at Dec. 31 | 221 761 728 | 221 624 482 |
| Capital paid-in in excess of par value at Jan. 1 | 257 866 338 | 257 797 400 |
| Increase (options) | 11 394 | 68 938 |
| Capital paid-in in excess of par value at Dec. 31 | 257 877 732 | 257 866 338 |
| Unresticted equity | ||
| Retained earnings at Jan. 1 | 261 897 494 | 309 657 037 |
| Net profit for the period | 2 652 277 | -4 923 926 |
| Dividends paid | -58 154 106 | -43 563 063 |
| Share-based incentive plan, shares granted | 842 630 | 727 446 |
| Retained earnings and net profit for the period at Dec. 31 | 207 238 295 | 261 897 494 |
| Total equity at Dec. 31 | 686 877 754 | 741 388 314 |
The company owns 3,854,465 treasury shares, nominal value of which totals EUR 6,835,722 and the acquisition value of which totals EUR 25,937,835.
| Change in treasury shares | EUR | Number |
|---|---|---|
| Acquisition value/number 1.1.2007 | 26 780 464 | 3 979 670 |
| Change | -842 630 | -125 205 |
| Acquisition value/number 31.12.2007 | 25 937 835 | 3 854 465 |
| 18. APPROPRIATIONS | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Appropriations | ||
| Appropriations in the balance sheets are as follows: | ||
| Buildings and constructions | 7 908 918 | 8 189 913 |
| Machinery and equipment | 31 448 956 | 31 541 156 |
| Other property, plant and equipment | 1 938 749 | 1 774 091 |
| Intangible rights | -7 447 | -36 909 |
| Goodwill | 394 789 | 394 789 |
| Other non-current expenditures | 370 803 | 1 458 422 |
| Total | 42 054 767 | 43 321 463 |
| Change in appropriations | ||
| Appropriations at Jan. 1 | 43 321 463 | 44 620 934 |
| Correction to previous financial year, business transfers | - | -4 533 |
| Change in untaxed reserves in income statement | -1 266 696 | -1 294 938 |
| Appropriations at Dec. 31 | 42 054 767 | 43 321 463 |
Deferred tax liabilities on accumulated depreciations were EUR 10.9 million at Dec. 31, 2007 and EUR 11.3 million at Dec. 31, 2006.
| 19. OBLIGATORY PROVISIONS | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Non-current provisions | ||
| Pension provision | 6 864 835 | 5 363 853 |
| Other obligatory provisions | ||
| Guarantee liability | - | 44 592 343 |
| Restructuring provision | 2 325 976 | 4 208 783 |
| Environmental and damage provision | 1 873 744 | - |
| Total other obligatory provisions | 4 199 720 | 48 801 125 |
| Total non-current provisions | 11 064 555 | 54 164 978 |
| Change in provisions | ||
| Obligatory provisions at Jan. 1 | 54 164 978 | 54 222 040 |
| Decrease of provisions during year | -44 601 405 | -3 507 031 |
| Increase during the financial year | 1 500 982 | 3 449 969 |
| Obligatory provisions at Dec. 31 | 11 064 555 | 54 164 978 |
| 20. NON-CURRENT INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Loans from financial institutions | 168 972 186 | 328 467 778 |
| Loans from pension institutions | 22 215 364 | 27 295 309 |
| Other non-current liabilities | 198 175 205 | 68 584 129 |
| Total | 389 362 755 | 424 347 215 |
| Long-term interest-bearing liabilities maturing in | ||
| 2009 (2008) | 13 567 481 | 13 117 969 |
| 2010 (2009) | 149 151 082 | 12 024 247 |
| 2011 (2010) | 49 149 785 | 80 773 741 |
| 2012 (2011) | 84 961 096 | 89 673 510 |
| 2013 (2012) or later | 92 533 312 | 228 757 747 |
| Total | 389 362 755 | 424 347 215 |
| Interest-bearing liabilities maturing in 5 years or longer | ||
| Loans from financial institutions | 79 817 947 | 217 482 747 |
| Pension loans | 12 715 364 | 11 275 000 |
| Total | 92 533 312 | 228 757 747 |
The company does not have debentures or other bond loans.
| 21. CURRENT LIABILITIES | 2007 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|
| Interest-bearing current liabilities | ||
| Loans from financial institutions | 554 372 954 | 449 752 417 |
| Loans from pension institutions, installments | 14 370 000 | 14 370 000 |
| Current portion of other non-current loans to others | 12 677 834 | 11 041 381 |
| Other interest-bearing current liabilities | ||
| to Group companies | 330 526 878 | 238 272 288 |
| to others | 8 295 357 | 31 720 812 |
| Total interest-bearing current liabilities | 920 243 023 | 745 156 897 |
| Interest-free current liabilities | ||
| Prepayments received | 2 088 292 | 166 811 |
| Trade payables | ||
| to Group companies | 3 239 991 | 3 691 160 |
| to others | 20 438 661 | 27 295 143 |
| Total trade payables | 23 678 653 | 30 986 303 |
| Accrued expenses | ||
| to Group companies | 12 972 008 | 11 821 644 |
| to associated companies | - | 34 123 |
| to others | 50 363 513 | 47 810 113 |
| Total accrued expenses | 63 335 521 | 59 665 881 |
| Other interest-free liabilities to others | 1 537 528 | 2 854 101 |
| Total other interest-free liabilities | 1 537 528 | 2 854 101 |
| Total interest-free current liabilities | 90 639 993 | 93 673 095 |
| Total current liabilities | 1 010 883 016 | 838 829 993 |
| Accrued expenses | ||
| From salaries | 9 563 970 | 14 572 391 |
| From interests and exchange differences | 31 915 977 | 17 332 535 |
| From taxes | - | 3 786 |
| Other | 21 855 574 | 27 757 168 |
| Total | 63 335 521 | 59 665 881 |
| 22. COLLATERAL AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES | 2007 | 2006 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Loans secured by mortgages in the balance sheet and | |||
| for which mortgages given as collateral | |||
| Loans from pension institutions | 7 484 632 | 7 484 362 | |
| Other loans | 780 003 | 758 084 | |
| Total | 8 264 635 | 8 242 446 | |
| Mortgages given | 8 325 302 | 8 325 303 | |
| Guarantees | |||
| On behalf of Group companies | |||
| for loans | 516 036 770 | 227 921 109 | |
| for leasing obligations | - | 16 818 | |
| On behalf of associated companies | - | 31 144 224 | |
| On behalf of others | 2 238 224 | 1 397 589 | |
| Total | 518 274 994 | 260 479 740 | |
| Leasing liabilities | |||
| Maturity within one year | 7 723 397 | 8 481 363 | |
| Maturity after one year | 79 374 170 | 83 471 676 | |
| Total | 87 097 567 | 91 953 039 |
The nominal values and market values of financing instruments are included in the Notes to the consolidated financial statements.
Environmental risks and liabilities are disclosed in Note 32 to the consolidated financial statements.
| Shares in subsidiaries | Group | Kemira Oyj |
|---|---|---|
| holding % | holding % | |
| AS Kemivesi | 100 | 100 |
| Finnish Chemicals Oy | 100 | 100 |
| Industry Park of Sweden AB | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira (Yixing) Co.,Ltd | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd. | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Cell Spolka z.o.o. | 55 | 55 |
| Kemira Chemicals (Shanghai) Co.,Ltd | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Chemicals (UK) Ltd | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Chemicals AS | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Chemicals Brasil Ltda | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Chemicals Canada Inc. | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Chemicals Holding Oy | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Chemie Ges.mbH | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Chile Comercial Limitada | 100 | 50 |
| Kemira Chimica Spa | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Chimie S.A. | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira de Mexico S.A. de C.V. | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Germany GmbH | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira GrowHow A/S | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira GrowHow SCC B.V. | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Iberica S.A. | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Japan K.K. | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Kemi AB | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Korea Corporation | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira KTM d.o.o. | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Nederland Holding B.V. | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Pigments Oy | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Specialty Chemicals Inc. | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Specialty Crop Care S.A. | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira-Swiecie sp.z.o.o. | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Water Danmark A/S | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Water Solutions (Chongqing) Co., Ltd | 80 | 80 |
| Kemira Water Solutions, Inc. | 100 | 100 |
| Kemira Water Solutions Brasil | 100 | 99,999 |
| Kemwater Cristal S.A. | 78,45 | 78,45 |
| Kerilon Inc. | 100 | 100 |
| Oy Galvatek Ab | 100 | 100 |
| PT Kemira Indonesia | 100 | 75 |
| Spruce Vakuutus Oy | 100 | 100 |
| Tikkurila Oy | 100 | 100 |
| TRI-K Industries, Inc. | 100 | 100 |
| Shares in associated companies | ||
| Haapaveden Puhdistamo Oy | 40,5 | 40,5 |
| Haapaveden Ympäristöpalvelut Oy | 40,5 | 40,5 |
| Kemwater Phil. Corp. | 40 | 40 |
On December 31, 2007, Kemira Oyj's share capital totaled EUR 221.8 million and the number of outstanding shares was 125,045,000. Each share entitles its holder to one vote at the shareholders' meeting.
During the year, the Company increased its share capital twice based on subscriptions made under the 2001 stock option program. As a result, the number of outstanding shares increased by 77,389 new shares and the share capital by EUR 0.1 million. Kemira Oyj shares are registered in the book-entry system.
On December 31, 2007, Kemira Oyj had 16,723 registered shareholders. At the end of 2007, Kemira held 3,854,465 million treasury shares, representing 3.1% of all outstanding company shares.
On August 29, 2007, the Finnish State sold 40,097,420 Kemira Oyj shares to Finnish investors. These shares represented 32.1% of Kemira Oyj's outstanding shares. As a result of the transaction, the Finnish State's shareholding and voting rights in Kemira Oyj fell to 16.52%. The Finnish State notified that the sold shares were distributed among buyers as follows:
Following the transaction, Oras Invest Oy and the companies owned by its owner, the Paasikivi family, became the largest individual shareholder.
In December 2007, the Finnish Parliament passed a new law regarding the State's ownership of enterprises and ownership steering, under which the Finnish Government is entitled to sell all Kemira shares in the State's holding without a specific decision by Parliament.
Listed on the OMX Nordic Exchange in Helsinki, Kemira Oyj's share closed at EUR 14.40, down by 15% year on year. The highest quotation was EUR 19.20 and the lowest EUR 13.11, while the share price averaged EUR 16.42.
In 2007, Kemira Oyj's share trading volume on the stock exchange totaled 151.6 million and was valued at EUR 2,492.9 million. The company's market capitalization, excluding treasury shares, was EUR 1,745.1 million at the yearend.
Kemira aims to distribute a dividend that accounts for 40-60% of its operative net income. The company's Board of Directors will propose to the Annual General Meeting that a per-share dividend of EUR 0,50 be paid for the financial year 2007, accounting for a dividend payout of 100% of reported net income and 57% of net income excluding writedowns.
The Annual General Meeting on April 16, 2007 authorized the Board to decide to issue a maximum of 12,500,000 new shares and/or transfer a maximum of 3,848,877 treasury shares held by the company either against payment or, as part of the implementation of the Company's share-based incentive plan, without payment ("Share issue authorization"). The new shares may be issued and the treasury shares may be transferred to the Company's shareholders in proportion to their current shareholdings in the Company, or through a private placement if the Company has significant financial reasons for doing so, such as financing or implementing mergers and acquisitions, developing its capital structure, improving the liquidity of the Company's shares or if the share issue is justified for the purpose of implementing the Company's share-based incentive plan. The private placement may be carried out without payment only in connection with the implementation of the Company's share-based incentive plan. The subscription price of new shares and the amount payable for treasury shares shall be recognized under unrestricted equity. The share issue authorization will remain valid until the end of the next Annual General Meeting, March 19, 2008.
Kemira currently has a share-based incentive plan in use. The stock option program launched in 2001 ended during 2007.
Since 2004, Kemira has had a share-based incentive plan in use. The share-based incentive plan designed for key employees is part of the Group's incentive and commitment schemes. This plan aims at aligning the goals of the Group's shareholders and key executives in order to increase the Company's value, motivate key executives and provide them with competitive, shareholding-based incentives.
In 2006, Kemira Oyj's Board of Directors decided to introduce the current share-based incentive plan, which is divided into three one-year performance periods: 2007, 2008 and 2009. Any bonuses earned are to be paid out by the end of April in the year following the performance period. Payment of bonuses depends on the achievement of the set financial targets, which for 2007 are gauged on the basis of earnings per share and the return on capital employed. Any bonuses will be paid as a combination of Kemira shares and cash payments.
Any shares earned through the plan must be held for a minimum of two years following the date of each payment. The employee must return the shares to the Company without payment if his/her employment or service with the Company is terminated of his/her own accord or by the Company within two years of the payment. In addition, the President and CEO and Management Board members must retain shares obtained through the scheme at least to the value of their gross annual salary for as long as they remain in the Company's employment. On December 31, 2007, a total of 94 key employees were involved in the share-based incentive plan. The maximum number of Kemira Oyj shares transferable under the incentive plan comes to around 774,000.
The shares transferable under the plan comprise treasury shares or Kemira Oyj shares available in public trading.
The Annual General Meeting on April 3, 2001, decided on a stock option program whereby members of the Company's management were entitled to receive stock options conferring the right to subscribe for a maximum of 2,850,000 Kemira Oyj shares between May 2, 2004 and May 31, 2007. The commencement of the subscription period was conditional and tied to Kemira's consolidated earnings per share after financial items and before taxes and extraordinary items, as well as to Kemira Oyj's share price performance in relation to a comparison index.
The 2001 stock option program ended in May 2007. On the basis of the stock option program, a total of 2,685,000 new Kemira shares were entered in the Trade Register, 77,389 of which were subscribed for in 2007.
The members of the Board of Directors as well as the President and CEO and his Deputy held 727,562 Kemira Oyj shares on December 31, 2007, or 0.58% (0.10%) of all outstanding shares and voting rights (including treasury shares and shares held by related parties and controlled corporations). Harri Kerminen, President and CEO as of January 1, 2008, held 17,167 shares on December 31, 2007. Board members are not covered by the share-based incentive plan.
Kemira Oyj complies with the insider guidelines issued by the OMX Nordic Exchange, Helsinki. Kemira Oyj's insiders subject to disclosure requirements and Kemira's permanent insiders may not trade in Company shares during the 30 days preceding the release of the Company's interim report or financial statements bulletin.
Information on Kemira Oyj shares held by insiders subject to disclosure requirements is available for inspection within Finnish Central Securities Depository Ltd's SIRE system (address: Finnish Central Securities Depository Ltd, Urho Kekkosen katu 5 C, Helsinki), the Central Securities Depository's NetSire service, and Kemira's website.
| % of shares and | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shareholder | Number of shares | votes | |
| 1 | Oras Invest Oy | 20 706 174 | 16,56 |
| 2 | Finnish State | 20 656 500 | 16,52 |
| 3 | Varma Mutual Pension Insurance Company | 10 917 862 | 8,73 |
| 4 | Ilmarinen Mutual Pension Insurance Company | 7 357 796 | 5,88 |
| 5 | Nordea Bank Finland | 3 413 015 | 2,73 |
| 6 | Suomi Mutual Life Insurance Company | 2 436 595 | 1,95 |
| 7 | Henki-Sampo Insurance | 1 903 089 | 1,52 |
| 8 | OP-Delta Investment Fund | 1 200 000 | 0,96 |
| 9 | The State Pension Fund | 1 200 000 | 0,96 |
| 10 | Tapiola Mutual Pension Insurance Company | 1 186 500 | 0,95 |
| 11 | ODIN Finland Investment Fund | 685 561 | 0,55 |
| 12 | Eläke-Fennia Mutual Pension Insurance Company | 635 000 | 0,51 |
| 13 | Finow Oy | 625 225 | 0,50 |
| 14 | Nextstone Oy | 625 225 | 0,50 |
| 15 | Wate Oy | 625 225 | 0,50 |
| 16 | OP-Suomi Arvo Investment Fund | 585 000 | 0,47 |
| 17 | Veritas Pension Insurance Company | 550 000 | 0,44 |
| 18 | Etera Mutual Pension Insurance Company | 540 000 | 0,43 |
| 19 | FIM Fenno Investment Fund | 461 442 | 0,37 |
| 20 | Kaleva Mutual Insurance Company | 404 900 | 0,32 |
| Kemira Oyj | 3 854 465 | 3,08 | |
| Nominee-registered shares | 21 234 222 | 16,98 | |
| Others, total | 23 241 204 | 18,59 | |
| Total | 125 045 000 | 100,00 |
| Number of share | % of share | % of shares and | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of shares | holders | holders | Shares total | votes |
| 1 - 100 | 3 298 | 19,72 | 223 108 | 0,18 |
| 101 - 500 | 7 319 | 43,77 | 2 072 058 | 1,66 |
| 501 - 1000 | 3 176 | 18,99 | 2 514 491 | 2,01 |
| 1001 - 5000 | 2 414 | 14,44 | 4 970 131 | 3,98 |
| 5001 - 10000 | 231 | 1,38 | 1 726 285 | 1,38 |
| 10001 - 50000 | 198 | 1,18 | 4 203 569 | 3,36 |
| 50001 - 100000 | 34 | 0,20 | 2 411 627 | 1,93 |
| 100001 - 500000 | 31 | 0,19 | 6 466 672 | 5,17 |
| 500001 - 1000000 | 9 | 0,05 | 5 649 718 | 4,52 |
| 1000001 - | 13 | 0,08 | 94 807 341 | 75,82 |
| Total | 16 723 | 100,00 | 125 045 000 | 100,00 |
| Including nominee-registered | ||||
| shares | 11 | 21 234 222 | 16,98 |
On December 31, 2007, Kemira Oyj's distributable funds totaled EUR 207,238,295 of which net profit for the period accounted for EUR 2,652,277.
No material changes have taken place in the company's financial position after the balance sheet date.
The Board proposes to the Annual General meeting that distributable funds be allocated as follows:
Helsinki, February 6, 2008
Pekka Paasikivi
Eija Malmivirta Elizabeth Armstrong
Ove Mattsson Juha Laaksonen
Markku Tapio Kaija Pehu-Lehtonen
Harri Kerminen CEO
(The figures are unaudited)
| 2007 | 2006 * | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-3 | 4-6 | 7-9 | 10-12 | Total | 1-3 | 4-6 | 7-9 10-12 * | Total | ||
| Revenue | ||||||||||
| Kemira Pulp&Paper | 255.3 | 260.1 | 253.1 | 249.8 | 1,018.3 | 209.5 | 257.9 | 261.9 | 264.0 | 993.3 |
| Kemira Water | 170.0 | 185.1 | 187.4 | 188.0 | 730.5 | 92.3 | 102.1 | 101.7 | 171.5 | 467.6 |
| Kemira Specialty | 103.5 | 110.6 | 109.8 | 102.0 | 425.9 | 118.6 | 107.6 | 112.8 | 117.2 | 456.2 |
| Kemira Coatings | 135.8 | 188.7 | 182.3 | 118.4 | 625.2 | 118.6 | 170.3 | 164.6 | 109.3 | 562.8 |
| Other and intra-group sales | 8.7 | 8.5 | -3.1 | -3.8 | 10.3 | 13.9 | 9.6 | 11.6 | 7.5 | 42.6 |
| Total | 673.3 | 753.0 | 729.5 | 654.4 | 2,810.2 | 552.9 | 647.5 | 652.6 | 669.5 2,522.5 | |
| Operating profit | ||||||||||
| Kemira Pulp&Paper | 23.0 | 23.4 | 23.6 | -3.2 | 66.8 | 26.0 | 20.4 | 24.3 | 20.1 | 90.8 |
| Kemira Water | 11.9 | 13.0 | 14.9 | 5.2 | 45.0 | 6.4 | 9.6 | 9.0 | 10.3 | 35.3 |
| Kemira Specialty | 10.3 | 7.1 | 10.0 | -13.9 | 13.5 | 11.3 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.1 | 45.8 |
| Kemira Coatings | 12.8 | 27.3 | 38.9 | -5.9 | 73.1 | 9.6 | 25.0 | 39.0 | -1.5 | 72.1 |
| Other including eliminations | -9.1 | -13.2 | -7.9 | -25.1 | -55.3 | -7.8 | -15.2 | -8.9 | -18.4 | -50.3 |
| Total | 48.9 | 57.6 | 79.5 | -42.9 | 143.1 | 45.5 | 51.5 | 75.1 | 21.6 | 193.7 |
| Financial income and expenses, net | -12.2 | -12.6 | -11.8 | -15.3 | -51.9 | -7.1 | -5.8 | -11.6 | -12.7 | -37.2 |
| Share of profit or loss of associates | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 2.1 | -0.9 | -0.6 | 0.3 | -1.1 | -2.3 |
| Profit before tax | 37.3 | 45.7 | 68.3 | -58.0 | 93.3 | 37.5 | 45.1 | 63.8 | 7.8 | 154.2 |
| Income tax | -10.0 | -12.4 | -15.4 | 12.0 | -25.8 | -10.9 | -13.1 | -17.9 | -0.1 | -42.0 |
| Net profit for the period | 27.3 | 33.3 | 52.9 | -46.0 | 67.5 | 26.6 | 32.0 | 45.9 | 7.7 | 112.2 |
| Attributable to: | ||||||||||
| Equity holders of the parent | 26.4 | 32.3 | 51.8 | -46.8 | 63.7 | 25.8 | 31.0 | 45.0 | 6.8 | 108.6 |
| Minority interests | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 3.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 3.6 |
| Net profit for the period | 27.3 | 33.3 | 52.9 | -46.0 | 67.5 | 26.6 | 32.0 | 45.9 | 7.7 | 112.2 |
| Earnings per share, diluted, EUR | 0.22 | 0.27 | 0.43 | -0.39 | 0.53 | 0.21 | 0.26 | 0.37 | 0.06 | 0.9 |
| Capital employed, rolling | 2,035.8 | 1,876.6 | ||||||||
| Return on capital employed (ROCE), % | 7.1 % | 10.2 % |
* Previous year 2006 error has been corrected.
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