P.G. Economides Properties PLC

Annual Report • May 2, 2023

REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2022

REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2022

CONTENIS	PAGE
Board of Directors and other officers	1
Management Report	2 - 3
Declaration of the members of the Board of Directors and the company officials responsible for the preparation of the financial statements	ব
Independent auditor's report	5 - 8
Statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income	9
Statement of financial position	10
Statement of changes in equity	11
Cash flow statement	12
Notes to the financial statements	13 - 27

BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND OTHER OFFICERS

Board of Directors:	Peter G. Economides Androula Zavou Economides
Company Secretary:	Totalserve Management Ltd
Independent Auditors:	Ekkeshis Ierodiakonou Ltd Certified Public Accountants and Registered Auditors 39 Themistocles Dervis Str. Off. 102 1066, Nicosia
Registered office:	17 Gr. Xenopoulou Str. 3106, Limassol Cyprus
Registration number:	HE27549

MANAGEMENT REPORT

The Board of Directors presents its report and audited financial statements of the Company for the year ended 31 December 2022.

Principal activities and nature of operations of the Company

The principal activity of the Company, which are unchanged from last year, is the development of land. On 10 November 2020 the Company obtained a licence for its shares to be listed to the Emerging Companies Market.

Change of Company name

On 15 July 2020, the Company changed its name from P.G. Economides Properties Ltd to P.G. Economides Properties Plc.

Review of current position, future developments and performance of the Company's business

The Company's development to date, financial results and position as presented in the financial statements are not considered satisfactory and the Board of Directors is making an effort to reduce the Company's losses.

Principal risks and uncertainties

The principal risks and uncertainties faced by the Company are disclosed in notes 6, 7 and 19 of the financial statements.

Use of financial instruments by the Company

The Company is exposed to interest rate risk, credit risk and liquidity risk from the financial instruments it holds.

Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is the risk the value of financial instruments will fluctuate due to changes in market interest rates. The Company's income and operating cash flows are substantially independent of changes in market interest rates as the Company has no significant interest-bearing assets. The Company is exposed to interest rate risk in relation to its non-current borrowings issued at variable rates expose the Company to cash flow interest rate risk. Borrowings issued at fixed rates expose the Company to fair value interest rate risk. The Company's Management monitors the interest rate fluctuations on a continuous basis and acts accordingly.

Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk that one party to a financial instrument will cause a financial loss for the other party by failing to meet an obligation. Credit risk arises from cash and cash equivalents.

Credit risk is managed on a group basis. For banks and financial institutions, the Company has established policies whereby the majority of bank balances are held with independently rated parties with a minimum rating of ['C'].

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that arises when the maturity of assets and liabilities does not match. An unmatched position potentially enhances profitability, but can also increase the risk of losses. The Company has procedures with the object of minimising such losses such as maintaining sufficient cash and other highly liquid current assets and by having available an adequate amount of committed credit facilities.

Share capital

There were no changes in the share capital of the Company during the year under review.

Implementation and compliance to the Code of Corporate Governance

The Company recognises the implementing sound corporate governance policies, practices and procedures. As a company listed on the Cyprus Stock Exchange (CSE), P.G. Economides Properties Plc has adopted CSE's Corporate Governance Code and applies its principles.

In March 2006 the CSE issued a revised Code of Corporate Governance. The Company complies with all the provisions of the revised Code

MANAGEMENT REPORT

Board of Directors

The members of the Company's Board of Directors as at 31 December 2022 and at the date of this report are presented on page 1. All of them were members of the Board of Directors throughout the year ended 31 December 2022.

In accordance with the Company's Articles of Association all Directors presently members of the Board continue in office.

There were no significant changes in the assignment of responsibilities and remuneration of the Board of Directors.

Independent Auditors

The Independent Auditors, Ekkeshis Ierodiakonou Ltd, have expressed their willingness to continue in office and a resolution giving authority to the Board of Directors to fix their remuneration will be proposed at the Annual General Meeting.

By order of the Board of Directors,

Totalserve Management Ltd Secretary

Nicosia, 10 March 2023

DECLARATION OF THE MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND THE COMPANY OFFICIALS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE PREPARATION OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In accordance with Article 9 sections (3c) and (7) of the Transparency Requirements (Traded Securities in Regulated Markets) Law 2007 (N 190 (I)/2007) ("the Law") we, the members of the Board of Directors and the Company official responsible for the financial statements of P.G. Economides Properties Plc (the "Company") for the year ended 31 December 2022, on the basis of our knowledge, declare that:

(a) The annual financial statements of the Company which are presented on pages 9 to 27:

(i) have been prepared in accordance with the applicable International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union and the provisions of Article 9, section (4) of the law, and

(ii) provide a true and fair view of the particulars of assets and liabilities, the financial position and profit or loss of the Company and the entities included in the financial statements as a whole and

b) The management report provides a fair view of the developments and the performance as well as the financial position of the Company as a whole, together with a description of the main risks and uncertainties which they face.

Members of the Board of Directors:

Peter G. Economides Androula Zavou Economides

Responsible for drafting the financial statements

Peter G. Economides (Financial Manager)

Nicosia, 10 March 2023

Independent Auditor's Report

To the Members of P.G. Economides Properties Plc

Report on the Audit of the Financial Statements

Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of P.G. Economides Properties Plc (the "Company"), which are presented in pages 9 to 27 and comprise the statement of financial position as at 31 December 2022, and the statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for the year then ended, and notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies.

In our opinion, the accompanying financial statements give a true and fair view of the financial position of the Company as at 31 December 2022, and of its financial performance and its cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with International Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union and the requirements of the Cyprus Companies Law, Cap. 113.

Basis for Opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (ISAs). Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the "Auditor's Responsibilities for the Financial Statements" section of our report. We remained independent of the Company throughout the period of our appointment in accordance with the International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants' International Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (including International Independence Standards) (IESBA Code) together with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in Cyprus, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements and the IESBA Code. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Key audit matters incorporating the most significant risks of material misstatements, including assessed risk of material misstatements due to fraud

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.

Reporting on other information

The Board of Directors is responsible for the other information comprises the information included in the Management Report but does not include the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon.

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

Ekkeshis lerodiakonou Ltd

³⁹ Themistocles Dervis Street, 1st floor, CY-1066 Nicosia, Cyprus, P.O. Box 26643, CY-1646 Nicosia, Cyprus
T: +357 22466470 / E: +357 22766470 / info@eicvnrus.com / eicyprus. T: +357 22466470 / F: +357 22766470 / info@eicyprus.com / eicyprus.com

Independent Auditor's Report (continued)

To the Members of P.G. Economides Properties Plc

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information identified above and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.

Responsibilities of the Board of Directors and those charged with governance for the Financial Statements

The Board of Directors is responsible for the preparation of financial statements that give a true and fair view in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union and the requirements of the Cyprus Companies Law, Cap. 113, and for such internal control as the Board of Directors determines is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the Board of Directors is responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the Board of Directors either intends to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company's financial reporting process.

Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also:

• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.
• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control.
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by the Board of Directors.
• Conclude on the appropriateness of the Board of Directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor's report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor's report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern.
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves a true and fair view.

Independent Auditor's Report (continued)

To the Members of P.G. Economides Properties Plc

Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements (continued)

We communicate with the those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the payersh has timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.

We also provide those charged with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical we 'also provide those charged with them all relationships and other matters that matters that may requirements regarding meependence, and where applicable, actions taken to eliminate threats or safeguards applied.

From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of From the maters commonicated with the current period and are therefore the key audit matters.

Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements

Pursuant to the requirements of Article 10(2) of the EU Regulation 537/2014 we provide the following information in Pursually to the requirements of Article (1) of the requirements of International Standards on Auditing.

Appointment of the Auditor and Period of Engagement

We were first appointed as auditors of the Company on 11 January 2022 by the Board of Directors. Our appointment we were mst appointed as addition representing a total period of uninterrupted engagement appointment of 2 years.

Consistency of the Additional Report to the Audit Committee

We confirm that our audit opinion on the financial statements expressed in this report is consistent with the we commin that our addit Opmon on the maintain we issued on [insert date] in accordance with Article 11 of the EU Regulation 537/2014.

Provision of Non-audit Services

We declare that no prohibited non-audit services referred to in Article 5 of the EU Regulation 537/2014 and Section we declare that no prombled non addition, there are no non-audit services which were provided by 72 of the Addiors Law of LV2 a visual in the financial statements or the Management Report.

Other Legal Requirements

Pursuant to the additional requirements of the Auditors Law of 2017, we report the following:

• In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of our audit, the Management Report has been In our opmion, based on the requirements of the Cyprus Companies Law, Cap 113, and the information given is consistent with the financial statements.
• given is consistent with the manufact of the Company and its environment obtained in the Course of In light of the knowledge and analysis and have identified material misstatements in the Management Report. We have nothing to report in this respect.
• In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of our audit, the information (in) of In our opinion, based on the work andere with the requirements of subparagraphs (iv) and (v) of corporate governance statement in decordance nav, Cap. 113, and which is included as a specific paragraph 2(a) of Article 191 of the Cypriss Comparied in accordance with the requirements of the Cyprus Companies Law, Cap, 113, and is consistent with the financial statements.
• Companies Law, Cap, III, and Secretaren in the course of our audit, the corporate government 2/2) . In 'our 'opinion' based on 'eferred to in subparagraphs (i), (ii), (iii), (vi) and (vii) of paragraph 2(a) of Article 151 of the Cyprus Companies Law, Cap. 113.

Independent Auditor's Report (continued)

To the Members of P.G. Economides Properties Plc

Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements (continued)

· In light of the knowledge and understanding of the Company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we are required to report if we have identified material misstatements in the corporate governance the addity no are the information disclosed for items (iv) and (v) of subparagraph 2(a) of Article 151 of the Cyprus Companies Law, Cap. 113. We have nothing to report in this respect.

Other Matter

This report, including the opinion, has been prepared for and only for the Company's members as a body in accordance with Article 10(1) of the EU Regulation 537/2014 and Section 69 of the Auditors Law of 2017 and for no other purpose. We do not, in giving this opinion, accept or assume responsibility for any other purpose or to any other person to whose knowledge this report may come to.

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor's report is Constantinos Ekkeshis.

Nicosia, 10 March 2023

STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 31 December 2022

	Note	2022 €	2021 €
Selling and distribution expenses Administration expenses		(21,611)	(2,395) (26,122)
Operating loss		(21,611)	(28,517)
Finance costs Net finance costs	10	(408) (408)	(14,621) (14,621)
Loss before tax		(22,019)	(43,138)
lax	11	(56)	(2,840)
Net loss for the year		(22,075)	(45,978)
Other comprehensive income
Total comprehensive income for the year		(22,075)	(45,978

The notes on pages 13 to 27 form an integral part of these financial statements.

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION

31 December 2022

	Note	2022 €	2021 €
ASSETS
Current assets Inventories	12	18,301,936	18,091,854
Receivables Cash at bank and in hand	13 14	85,364 1,054	84,509 81
		18,388,354	18,176,444
Total assets		18,388,354	18,176,444
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Equity Share capital	15	11,934,065	11,934,065
Accumulated losses		(114,712)	(92,637)
Total equity		11,819,353	11,841,428
Non-current liabilities
Borrowings	16	5,304,891	5,359,810
		5,304,891	5,359,810
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables	17 16	810,842 453,268	521,887 453,268
Borrowings Current tax liabilities	18		51
		1,264,110	975,206
Total liabilities		6,569,001	6,335,016
Total equity and liabilities		18,388,354	18,176,444

On 10 March 2023 the Board of Directors of P.G. Economides Properties Plc authorised these financial statements for issue.

S. E 60 ..............................................................................................................................................................................

Peter G. Economides Director

C ..............................................................................................................................................................................

Androula Zavou Economides Director

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

31 December 2022

	Share capital €	Share premium €	Fair value reserve - land and buildings ਵ	Accumulated losses €	Total €
Balance at 1 January 2021	11,934,065			(46,659)	11,887,406
Comprehensive income Net loss for the year Total comprehensive income for the year Capitalisation of reserves				(45,978) (45,978)	(45,978) (45,978)
Balance at 31 December 2021/ 1 January 2022	11,934,065				(92,637) 11,841,428
Comprehensive income Net loss for the year Total comprehensive income for the year				(22,075) (22,075)	(22,075) (22,075)
Balance at 31 December 2022	11,934,065			(114,712)	11,819,353

Companies, which do not distribute 70% of their profits after tax, as defined by the Special Contribution for the Defence of the Republic Law, within two years after the end of the relevant tax year, will be deemed to have distributed this amount as dividend on the 31 of December of the amount of the deemed dividend distribution is reduced by any actual dividend already distributed by 31 December of the year the profits relate. The Company pays special defence contribution on behalf of the shareholders over the amount of the deemed dividend distribution at a rate of 17% (applicable since 2014) when the entitled shareholders are natural persons tax residents of Cyprus and have their domicile in Cyprus. In addition, the Company pays on behalf of the shareholders General Healthcare System (GHS) contribution at a rate of 2,65%, when the entitled shareholders are natural persons tax residents of Cyprus, regardless of their domicile.

The notes on pages 13 to 27 form an integral part of these financial statements.

CASH FLOW STATEMENT 31 December 2022

2021 2022 € Note € CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES (22,019) (43,138) Loss before tax Adjustments for: 10 2 Interest expense (43,136) (22,019) Changes in working capital: (176,758) (210,082) Increase in inventories (Increase)/decrease in receivables (855) 2,034 288,955 330,435 Increase in trade and other payables 55,999 112,575 Cash generated from operations (107) (2,840) Tax paid Net cash generated from operating activities 55,892 109,735 CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES (354,659) Net cash used in investing activities CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES (54,919) (109,703) Repayments of borrowings Interest paid (2) (109,705) (54,919) Net cash used in financing activities 973 (354,629) Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 354,710 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year 81 81 1,054 Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year 14

The notes on pages 13 to 27 form an integral part of these financial statements.

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

31 December 2022

1. Incorporation and principal activities

Country of incorporation

The Company P.G. Economides Properties Plc (the "Company") was incorporated in Cyprus on 09 August 1986 as a private limited liability company under the provisions of the Cyprus Companies Law, Cap. 113. Its registered office is at 17 Gr. Xenopoulou Str., 3106, Limassol, Cyprus.

Principal activities

The principal activity of the Company, which are unchanged from last year, is the development of land. On 10 November 2020 the Company obtained a licence for its shares to be listed to the Emerging Companies Market.

2. Basis of preparation

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union (EU) and the requirements of the Cyprus Companies Law, Cap. 113. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention.

3. Adoption of new or revised standards and interpretations

During the current year the Company adopted all the new and revised International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) that are relevant to its operations and are effective for accounting periods beginning on 1 January 2022. This adoption did not have a material effect on the accounting policies of the Company.

4. Significant accounting policies

The principal accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all years presented in these financial statements unless otherwise stated.

Segmental reporting

The Company is organised by business segments and this is the primary format for segmental reporting. Each business segment provides products or services which are subject to risks and returns that are different from those of other business segments. The Company operates only in Cyprus and for this reason operations are not analysed by geographical segment.

Finance costs

Interest expense and other borrowing costs are charged to profit or loss as incurred.

Tax

Current tax liabilities and assets are measured at the amount expected to be paid to or recovered from the taxation authorities, using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted, or substantively enacted, by the reporting date.

Financial assets

Financial assets - Classification

The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:

• those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through OCI or through profit or loss), and
• those to be measured at amortised cost.

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2022

4. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Financial assets (continued)

Financial assets - Classification (continued)

The classification and subsequent measurement of debt financial assets depends on: (i) the Company's business model for managing the related assets portfolio and (ii) the cash flow characteristics of the asset. On initial recognition, the Company may irrevocably designate a debt financial asset that otherwise meets to be measured at amortized cost or at FVOCI or at FVTPL if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces an accounting mismatch that would otherwise arise.

For investments in equity instruments that are not held for trading, the classification will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI). This election is made on an investment basis.

All other financial assets are classified as measured at FVTPL.

For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in profit or loss or OCI. For investments in equity instruments that are not held for trading, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI).

Financial assets - Recognition and derecognition

All purchases and sales of financial assets that require delivery within the time frame established by regulation or market convention ("regular way" purchases and sales) are recorded at trade date, which is the date when the Company commits to deliver a financial instrument. All other purchases and sales are recognised when the entity becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets are derecognised when the rights to receive cash flows from the financial assets have expired or have been transferred and the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership.

Financial assets - Measurement

At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL), transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at FVTPL are expensed in profit or loss. Fair value at initial recognition is best evidenced by the transaction price. A gain or loss on initial recognition is only recorded if there is a difference between fair value and transaction price which can be evidenced by other observable current market transactions in the same instrument or by a valuation technique whose inputs include only data from observable markets.

Financial assets with embedded derivatives are considered in their entirety when determining whether their cash flows are solely payment of principal and interest.

Financial assets - impairment - credit loss allowance for ECL

The Company assesses on a forward-looking basis the ECL for debt instruments (including loans) measured at amortised cost and FVOCI and exposure arising from loan commitments and financial guarantee contracts. The Company measures ECL and recognises credit loss allowance at each reporting date. The measurement of ECL reflects: (i) an unbiased and probability weighted amount that is determined by evaluating a range of possible outcomes, (ii) time value of money and (iii) all reasonable information that is available without undue cost and effort at the end of each reporting period about past events, current conditions and forecasts of future conditions.

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2022

4. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Financial assets (continued)

Financial assets - impairment - credit loss allowance for ECL (continued)

The carrying amount of the financial assets is reduced through the use of an allowance account, and the amount of the loss is recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income within "net impairment losses on financial and contract assets. Subsequent recoveries of amounts for which loss allowance was previously recognised are credited against the same line item.

Debt instruments carried at amortised cost are presented in the statement of financial position net of the allowance for ECL. For loan commitments and financial guarantee contracts, a separate provision for ECL is recognised as a liability in the statement of financial position.

For debt instruments at FVOCI, an allowance for ECL is recognised in profit or loss and it affects fair value gains or losses recognised in OCI rather than the carrying amount of those instruments.

The impairment methodology applied by the Company for calculating expected credit losses depends on the type of financial asset assessed for impairment. Specifically:

For trade receivables and contract assets, including trade receivables and contract assets with a significant financing component, and lease receivables the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by IFRS 9, which requires lifetime expected credit losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the financial assets.

For all other financial instruments that are subject to impairment under IFRS 9, the Company applies general approach - three stage model for impairment. The Company applies a three stage model for impairment, based on changes in credit quality since initial recognition. A financial instrument that is not credit-impared on initial recognition is classified in Stage 1.

Financial assets in Stage 1 have their ECL measured at an amount equal to the portion of lifetime ECL that results from default events possible within the next 12 months or until contractual maturity, if shorter ("12 Months ECL"). If the Company identifies a significant increase in credit risk ("SICR") since initial recognition, the asset is transferred to Stage 2 and its ECL is measured based on ECL on a lifetime basis, that is, up until contractual maturity but considering expected prepayments, if any ("Lifetime ECL"). Refer to note 6, Credit risk section, for a description of how the Company determines when a SICR has occurred. If the Company determines that a financial asset is creditimpaired, the asset is transferred to Stage 3 and its ECL is measured as a Lifetime ECL. The Company's definition of credit impaired assets and definition of default is explained in note 6, Credit risk section.

Additionally the Company has decided to use the low credit risk assessment exemption for investment grade financial assets. Refer to note 6, Credit risk section for a description of how the Company determines low credit risk financial assets.

Financial assets -Reclassification

Financial instruments are reclassified only when the business model for managing those assets changes. The reclassification has a prospective effect and takes place from the first reporting period following the change.

Financial assets - write-off

Financial assets are written-off, in whole or in part, when the Company exhausted all practical recovery efforts and has concluded that there is no reasonable expectation of recovery. The write-off represents a derecognition event. The Company may write-off financial assets that are still subject to enforcement activity when the Company seeks to recover amounts that are contractually due, however, there is no reasonable expectation of recovery.

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2022

4. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Financial assets (continued)

Financial assets - modification

The Company sometimes renegotiates or otherwise modifies the contractual terms of the financial assets. The Company assesses whether the modification of contractual cash flows is substantial considering, among other, the following factors: any new contractual terms that substantially affect the risk profile of the asset (e.g. profit share or equity-based return), significant change in the currency denomination, new collateral or credit enhancement that significantly affects the credit risk associated with the asset or a significant extension of a loan when the borrower is not in financial difficulties.

If the modified terms are substantially different, the rights to cash flows from the original asset expire and the Company derecognises the original financial asset and recognises a new asset at its fair value. The date of renegotiation is considered to be the date of initial recognition for subsequent impairment calculation purposes, including determining whether a SICR has occurred. The Company also assesses whether the new loan or debt instrument meets the SPPI criterion. Any difference between the carrying amount of the original asset derecognised and fair value of the new substantially modified asset is recognised in profit or loss, unless the substance of the difference is attributed to a capital transaction with owners.

In a situation where the renegotiation was driven by financial difficulties of the counterparty and inability to make the originally agreed payments, the Company compares the original and revised cash flows to assets whether the risks and rewards of the asset are substantially different as a result of the contractual modification. If the risks and rewards do not change, the modified asset is not substantially different from the original asset and the modification does not result in derecognition. The Company recalculates the gross carrying amount by discounting the modified contractual cash flows by the original effective interest rate, and recognises a modification gain or loss in profit or loss.

Cash and cash equivalents

For the purpose of the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand. Cash and cash equivalents are carried at amortised cost because: (i) they are held for contractual cash flows and those cash flows represent SPPI, and (ii) they are not designated at FVTPL.

Classification as financial assets at amortised cost

These amounts generally arise from transactions outside the usual operating activities of the Company. They are held with the objective to collect their contractual cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest. Accordingly, these are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less provision for impairment. Financial assets at amortised cost are classified as current assets if they are or or less (or in the normal operating cycle of the business if longer). If not, they are presented as non-current assets.

Financial liabilities - measurement categories

Financial liabilities are initially recognised at fair value and classified as subsequently measured at amortised cost, except for (i) financial liabilities at FVTPL: this classification is applied to derivatives held for trading (e.g. short positions in securities), contingent consideration recognised by an acquirer in a business combination and other financial liabilities designated as such at initial recognition and (ii) financial guarantee contracts and loan commitments.

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or expires.

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2022

4. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Financial assets (continued)

Borrowings

Borrowings are recorded initially at the proceeds received, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently stated at amortised cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognised in profit or loss over the period of the effective interest method.

Financial liabilities - Modifications

An exchange between the Company and its original lenders of debt instruments with substantially different terms, as well as substantial modifications of the terms and conditions of existing financial liabilities, are accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. The terms are substantially different if the discounted present value of the cash flows under the new terms, including any fees paid net of any fees received and discounted using the original effective interest rate, is at least 10% different from the discounted present value of the remaining cash flows of the original financial liability. (In addition, other qualitative factors, such as the currency that the instrument is denominated in, changes in the type of interest rate, new conversion features attached to the instrument and change in loan covenants are also considered.)

If an exchange of debt instruments or modification of terms is accounted for as an extinguishment, any costs or fees incurred are recognised as part of the gain or loss on the extinguishment. If the exchange or modification is not accounted for as an extinguishment, any costs or fees incurred adjust the carrying amount of the liability and are amortised over the remaining term of the modified liability.

Modifications of liabilities that do not result in extinguishment are accounted for as a change in estimate using a cumulative catch up method, with any gain or loss recognised in profit or loss, unless the economic substance of the difference in carrying values is attributed to a capital transaction with owners and is recognised directly to equity,

Borrowing costs are interest and other costs that the Company incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds, including interest on borrowings, amortisation of discounts or premium relating to borrowings, amortisation of ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings, finance lease charges and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs.

Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or production of a qualifying asset, being an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale, are capitalised as part of that asset, when it is probable that they will result in future economic benefits to the Company and the costs can be measured reliably.

Offsetting financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the statement of financial position if, and only if, there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. This is not generally the case with master netting agreements, and the related assets and liabilities are presented gross in the statement of financial position.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. The cost is determined using the weighted average method. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the costs to completion and selling expenses.

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

31 December 2022

4. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Share capital

Ordinary shares are classified as equity.

Non-current liabilities

Non-current liabilities represent amounts that are due more than twelve months from the reporting date.

5. New accounting pronouncements

At the date of approval of these financial statements, standards and interpretations were issued by the International Accounting Standards Board which were not yet effective. Some of them were adopted by the European Union and others not yet. The Board of Directors expects that the adoption standards in future periods will not have a material effect on the financial statements of the Company.

6. Financial risk management

Financial risk factors

The Company is exposed to interest rate risk, liquidity risk and capital risk management arising from the financial instruments it holds. The risk management policies employed by the Company to manage these risks are discussed below:

6.1 Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of financial instruments will fluctuate due to changes in market interest rates. The Company's income and operating cash flows are substantially independent of changes in market interest rates as the Company has no significant interest-bearing assets. The Company is exposed to interest rate risk in relation to its non-current borrowings issued at variable rates expose the Company to cash flow interest rate risk. Borrowings issued at fixed rates expose the Company to fair value interest rate risk. The Company's Management monitors the interest rate fluctuations on a continuous basis and acts accordingly.

6.2 Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk that one party to a financial instrument will cause a financial loss for the other party by failing to meet an obligation. Credit risk arises from cash and cash equivalents.

(i) Risk management

Credit risk is managed on a group basis. For banks and financial institutions, the Company has established policies whereby the majority of bank balances are held with independently rated parties with a minimum rating of ['C']

There are no significant concentrations of credit risk, whether through exposure to individual customers, specific industry sectors and/or regions.

The Company's investments in debt instruments are considered to be low risk investments. The credit ratings of the investments are monitored for credit deterioration.

These policies enable the Company to reduce its credit risk significantly.

(ii) Impairment of financial assets

The Company has the following types of financial assets that are subject to the expected credit loss model:

• cash and cash equivalents
• credit commitments

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2022

6. Financial risk management (continued)

6.2 Credit risk (continued)

(ii) Impairment of financial assets (continued)

The impairment methodology applied by the Company for calculating expected credit losses depends on the type of financial asset assessed for impairment. Specifically:

• For trade receivables the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by IFRS 9, which requires lifetime expected losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the financial assets.
• For all other financial assets that are subject to impairment under IFRS 9, the Company applies general approach - three stage model for impairment. The Company applies a three-stage model for impairment, based on changes in credit quality since initial recognition. A financial asset that is not credit-impaired on initial recognition is classified in Stage 1. Financial assets in Stage 1 have their ECL measured at an amount equal to the portion of lifetime ECL that results from default events possible within the next 12 months or until contractual maturity, if shorter ("12 Months ECL"). If the Company identifies a significant increase in credit risk ("SICR") since initial recognition, the asset is transferred to Stage 2 and its ECL is measured based on ECL on a lifetime basis, that is, up until contractual maturity but considering expected prepayments, if any ("Lifetime ECL"). If the Company determines that a financial asset is credit-impaired, the asset is transferred to Stage 3 and its ECL is measured as a Lifetime ECL.

Impairment losses are presented as net impairment losses on financial and contract assets within operating profit. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written off are credited against the same line item.

Significant increase in credit risk

The Company considers the probability of default upon initial recognition of the asset and whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk on an ongoing basis throughout each reporting period. To assess whether there is a significant increase in credit risk the Company compares the risk of a default occurring on the financial asset as at the reporting date with the risk of default as at the date of initial recognition. It considers available reasonable and supportive forwarding-looking information. Especially the following indicators are incorporated:

• internal credit rating
• external credit rating (as far as available)
• actual or expected significant adverse changes in business, financial or economic conditions that are expected to cause a significant change to the borrower's/counterparty's ability to meet its obligations
• actual or expected significant changes in the operating results of the borrower/counterparty
• significant increases in credit risk on other financial instruments of the same borrower/counterparty
• significant changes in the value of the collateral supporting the obligation or in the quality of third-party guarantees or credit enhancements
• significant changes in the expected performance and behaviour of the borrower/counterparty, including . changes in the payment status of counterparty in the Company and changes in the operating results of the borrower/counterparty.

Macroeconomic information (such as market interest rates or growth rates) is incorporated as part of the internal rating model. The historical loss rates are adjusted to reflect current and forward-looking information on macroeconomic factors affecting the customers to settle the receivables. The Company has identified the GDP and the unemployment rate of the countries in which it sells its goods and services to be the most relevant factors, and accordingly adjusts the historical loss rates based on expected changes in these factors. No significant changes to estimation techniques or assumptions were made during the reporting period.

Regardless of the analysis above, a significant increase in credit risk is presumed if a debtor is more than 30 days past due in making a contractual payment.

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2022

6. Financial risk management (continued)

6.2 Credit risk (continued)

(ii) Impairment of financial assets (continued)

Low credit risk

The Company has decided to use the low credit risk assessment exemption for investment grade financial assets. Management consider 'low credit risk for listed bonds to be an investment grade credit rating with at least one major rating agency. Other instruments are considered to be low credit risk when they have a low risk of default and the issuer has a strong capacity to meet its contractual cash flow obligations in the near term.

Default

A default on a financial asset is when the counterparty fails to make contractual payments within 90 days of when they fall due.

Write-off

Financial assets are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery, such as a debtor failing to engage in a repayment plan with the Company. The Company categorises a debt financial asset for write off when a debtor fails to make contractual payments greater than 180 days past due. Where debt financial assets have been written off, the Company continues to engage in enforcement activity to recover the receivable due. Where recoveries are made, these are recognised in profit or loss.

The Company's exposure to credit risk for each class of (asset/instrument) subject to the expected credit loss model is set out below:

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company assesses, on a group basis, its exposure to credit risk arising from cash at bank. This assessment takes into account, ratings from external credit rating institutions and internal are not available.

Bank deposits held with banks with investment grade rating are considered as low credit risk.

The ECL on current accounts is considered to be approximate to 0, unless the bank is subject to capital controls. The ECL on deposits accounts is calculated by considering published PDs for the rating as per Moody's and an LGD of 40-60% as published by ECB.

The Company does not hold any collateral as security for any cash at bank balances.

There were no significant cash at balances written off during the year that are subject to enforcement activity,

6.3 Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that arises when the maturity of assets and liabilities does not match. An unmatched position potentially enhances profitability, but can also increase the risk of losses. The Company has procedures with the object of minimising such losses such as maintaining sufficient cash and other highly liquid current assets and by having available an adequate amount of committed credit facilities.

6.4 Capital risk management

Capital includes equity shares and share premium, convertible preference shares and loan from parent company.

The Company manages its capital to ensure that it will be able to continue as a going concern while maximising the return to shareholders through the optimisation of the debt and equity balance. The Company's overall strategy remains unchanged from last year.

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2022

7. Critical accounting estimates, judgments and assumptions

Estimates and judgments are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

Critical accounting estimates and assumptions

The Company makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom equal the related actual results. The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below.

Calculation of loss allowance

When measuring expected credit losses the Company uses reasonable forward looking information, which is based on assumptions for the future movement of different economic drivers and how these drivers will affect each other.

Loss given default is an estimate of the loss arising on default. It is based on the difference between the contractual cash flows due and those that the lender would expect to receive, taking into account cash flows from collateral and integral credit enhancements.

Probability of default constitutes a key input in measuring ECL. Probability of default is an estimate of the likelihood of default over a given time horizon, the calculation of which includes historical data, assumptions and expectations of future conditions.

Provision for obsolete and slow-moving inventory

The Company reviews its inventory records for evidence regarding the saleability of inventory and its net realizable value on disposal. The provision for obsolete and slow-moving inventory is based on Management's past experience, taking into consideration the value of inventory as well as the movement and the level of stock of each category of inventory.

The amount of provision is recognised in profit or loss. The review of the net realisable value of the inventory is continuous and the methodology and assumptions used for estimating the provision for obsolete and slow-moving inventory are reviewed regularly and adjusted accordingly.

Income taxes

Significant judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes. There are transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain during the ordinary course of business. The Company recognises liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based on estimates of whether additional taxes will be due. Where the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will impact the income tax and deferred tax provisions in the period in which such determination is made.

Critical judgements in applying the Company's accounting policies

Impairment of financial assets

The loss allowances for financial assets are based on assumptions about risk of default and expected loss rates. The Company uses judgement in making these assumptions and selecting the inputs to the impairment calculation, based on the Company's past history, existing market conditions as well as forward looking estimates at the end of each reporting period. Details of the key assumptions and inputs used are disclosed in note 6, Credit risk section.

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

31 December 2022

8. Segmental analysis

2022	€	Total €
Profit before tax Assets Liabilities	(22,019) 18,388,354 6,569,001	(22,019) 18,388,354 6,569,001
2021		Total
Profit before tax Assets Liabilities	€ (43,138) 18,176,444 6,335,016	€ (43,138) 18,176,444 6,335,016
9. Expenses by nature
	2022	2021
Auditors remuneration - current year	€ 1,500	€ 1,500 300
Auditors' remuneration - prior years Trade receivables - impairment charge for bad and doubtful debts Other expenses	20,111	2,395 24,322
Total expenses	21,611	28,517
10. Finance costs
	2022 €	2021 €
Interest expense Sundry finance expenses	408	2 14,619
Finance costs	408	14,621
11. Tax
	2022	2021
Corporation tax - prior years Defence contribution - prior years	€ 56	€ 2,840
Charge for the year	56	2,840

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2022

11. Tax (continued)

The tax on the Company's results before tax differs from theoretical amount that would arise using the applicable tax rates as follows:

	2022	2021
	€
Loss before tax	(22,019)	(43,138)
Tax calculated at the applicable tax rates	(2,752)	(5,392)
Tax effect of expenses not deductible for tax purposes		43
Tax effect of allowances and income not subject to tax	47	3,403
Tax effect of tax loss for the year	2,705	1,946
Prior year tax	56	2,840
Tax charge	56	2,840

The corporation tax rate is 12,5%.

Under certain conditions interest income may be subject to defence contribution at the rate of 30%. In such cases this interest will be exempt from corporation tax. In certain cases, dividends received from abroad may be subject to defence contribution at the rate of 17%.

Gains on disposal of qualifying titles (including shares, bonds, debentures, rights thereon etc) are exempt from Cyprus income tax.

12. Inventories

	2022	2021
	e
Assets for resale	18,301,936 18,091,854
	18,301,936 18,091,854

During 2019, the value of €17,592.772 (plus capitalised interest for 2019 of €163,754), previously recognised as assets held for sale, has been reclassified to inventory, since there is change in the intention of the Board, which intends to develop and sell a planned project of its own land in the future. The Company actively started activities for development of its land including obtaining relevant permits for the planned project and undertaking feasibility studies of its business plan etc.

On the basis of assessment by external parties, the Company is also considering to invite investors to participate in the Company in order to develop the project as a whole and sell it as a project.

During the year the interest amount of €210,081 (2021: €176,758) was capitalised.

Assets are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value.

13. Receivables

	2022	2021
	€	E
Refundable VAT	85,364	84,509
	85,364	84,509

The Company has not recognised a loss for the impairment of its trade receivables during the year ended 31 December 2022 (2021: €2,395).

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2022

13. Receivables (continued)

The fair values of receivables due within one year approximate to their carrying amounts as presented above.

The exposure of the Company to credit risk and impairment losses in relation to receivables is reported in note 6 of the financial statements.

14. Cash at bank and in hand

Cash balances are analysed as follows:

	2022	2021
Cash at bank and in hand	€	E
	1,054	81
	1,054	81

The exposure of the Company to credit risk and impairment losses in relation to cash and cash equivalents is reported in note 6 of the financial statements.

15. Share capital

	2022	2022	2021	2021
	Number of		Number of
Authorised	shares	€	shares	€
Ordinary shares of €1 each	12,000,000		12,000,000	12,000,000
Issued and fully paid
Balance at 1 January	11,934,065	11,934,065	11,934,065	11,934,065
Balance at 31 December	11,934,065	11,934,065	11,934,065	11,934,065
16. Borrowings
			2022 €	2021 €
Current borrowings Bank loans			453,268	453,268
Non-current borrowings Bank loans			5,304,891	5,359,810
Total			5,758,159	5,813,078
Maturity of non-current borrowings:
			2022 €	2021 €
Between one to two years			453,268	453,268
Between two and five years			1,813,072	1,110,636
After five years			3,038,551	3,795,906
			5,304,891	5,359,810

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2022

16. Borrowings (continued)

Bank loan 1: The bank loan in the original amount of €8.713.868 is repayable by monthly installments of €22.097 each until 2037 and a final balloon payment of €26.690. The loan is subject to a fixed interest rate of 2,83% per annum.

The bank loans are secured as follows:

• By floating charge on the Company's assets for €6,208,602 (2021: €6,208,602).
• By mortgage against immovable property of the Company for €10,413,868 (2021: €10,413,868).
• Personal quarantees from the Directors/shareholders of the Company amounting to €12,000,000 (2021: €12,000,000).

17. Trade and other payables

	2022	2021
	€
Shareholders' current accounts - credit balances (Note 20.1)	809,341	520,387
Accruals	1,501	1.500
	810,842	521,887

The fair values of trade and other payables due within one year approximate to their carrying amounts as presented above.

18. Current tax liabilities

	2022	2021
Special contribution for defence	€	ਵ
		51
		51

19. Operating Environment of the Company

On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organisation declared the Coronavirus COVID- 19 outbreak to be a pandemic in recognition of its rapid spread across the globe. Many governments are taking increasingly stringent steps to help contain, and in many jurisdictions, now delay, the virus, including: requiring seff-isolation/ quarantine by those potentially affected, implementing social distancing measures, and controlling or closing borders and "locking-down" cities/regions or even entire countries. These measures have slowed down the economies both in Cyprus but globally as well with the potential of having wider impacts on the respective economies as the measures persist for a greater period of time.

This operating environment may have a significant impact on the Company's operations and financial position. Management is taking necessary measures to ensure sustainability of the Company's operations. However, the future effects of the current economic situation are difficult to predict and Management's current expectations and estimates could differ from actual results.

The Company's Management is unable to predict all developments which could have an impact on the Cyprus economy and consequently, what effect, if any, they could have on the future financial performance, cash flows and financial position of the Company.

On the basis of the evaluation performed, the Company's management has concluded that no provisions or impairment charges are necessary. The Company's Management believes that it is taking all the necessary measures to maintain the viability of the Company and the smooth conduct of its operations in the current business and economic environment.

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2022

20. Related party transactions

The following transactions were carried out with related parties:

20.1 Shareholders' current accounts - credit balances (Note 17)

	2022	2021
	€
P.G. Ecnomides Holdings Ltd	809,341	520,387
	809,341	520,387

The directors'/shareholders' current accounts are interest free, and have no specified repayment date.

21. Participation of Directors in the company's share capital

The percentage of share capital of the Company held directly by each member of the Board of Directors (in accordance with Article (4) (b) of the Directive DI 190-2007-04), as at 31 December 2022 and 06 March 2023 (5 days before the date of approval of the financial statements by the Board of Directors) were as follows:

	31 December	10 March
	2022	2022
	number of	number of
	shares	shares
Androula Zavou Economides

The shareholding interest of Mrs Androulla Zavou Economides includes her direct participation with a percentage of €1.

22. Shareholders holding more than 5% of share capital

The persons holding more than 5% of the share capital as at 31 December 2022 and 06 March 2023 (5 days before the date of approval of the financial statements by the Board of Directors) were as follows:

31 December 2022	10 March 2022
0/0	0/0
99.99 P.G. Economides Holdings Ltd	99.99

The shareholding interest of P.G. Economides Holdings Ltd includes his direct participation with a percentage of €11,934,053 99.99%.

23. Significant agreements with management

At the end of the year, no significant agreements existed between the Company and its Management.

24. Contingent liabilities

The Company had no contingent liabilities as at 31 December 2022.

25. Commitments

The Company had no capital or other commitments as at 31 December 2022.

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 December 2022

26. Events after the reporting period

As explained in note 19 the geopolitical situation in Eastern Europe intensified on 24 February 2022, with the commencement of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. As at the date of authorising these financial statements for issue, the conflict continues to evolve as military activity proceeds and additional sanctions are imposed.

Depending on the duration of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, and continued negative impact on economic Depending on the darater of experience further negative results, and liquidity restraints and incur additional impairments on its assets in 2022 which relate to new developments that occurred after the reporting period.

Independent auditor's report on pages 5 to 8