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Raiffeisen Bank International AG

Quarterly Report Aug 18, 2016

756_ir_2016-08-18_71eb5a6e-8e5b-4e34-acb0-0610a4ca4d4c.pdf

Quarterly Report

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Semi-Annual Financial Report as of 30 June 2016

Survey of key data

Raiffeisen Bank International (RBI) Monetary values in € million 2016 Change 2015 Income statement 1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6 Net interest income 1,455 (13.4)% 1,681 Net provisioning for impairment losses (403) (33.3)% (604) Net fee and commission income 719 (3.4)% 745 Net trading income 84 >500.0% 2 General administrative expenses (1,412) 1.8% (1,388) Profit/loss before tax 450 (1.1)% 455 Profit/loss after tax 268 (14.8)% 314 Consolidated profit/loss 210 (23.8)% 276 Statement of financial position 30/6 31/12 Loans and advances to banks 13,747 26.9% 10,837 Loans and advances to customers 70,825 1.3% 69,921 Deposits from banks 16,655 1.7% 16,369 Deposits from customers 68,941 (0.1)% 68,991 Equity 8,725 2.6% 8,501 Assets 113,969 (0.4)% 114,427 Key ratios 1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6 Return on equity before tax 10.6% (0.3) PP 10.9% Consolidated return on equity 5.3% (1.7) PP 7.0% Cost/income ratio 61.8% 5.0 PP 56.8% Return on assets before tax 0.82% 0.05 PP 0.77% Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 2.76% (0.24) PP 3.00% Provisioning ratio (average loans and advances to customers) 1.11% (0.40) PP 1.52% Bank-specific information 30/6 31/12 NPL ratio 10.4% (1.5) PP 11.9% Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 61,722 (2.5)% 63,272 Total capital requirement 4,938 (2.5)% 5,062 Total capital 10,972 (0.1)% 10,987 Common equity tier 1 ratio (transitional) 12.5% 0.4 PP 12.1% Common equity tier 1 ratio (fully loaded) 12.2% 0.7 PP 11.5% Total capital ratio (transitional) 17.8% 0.4 PP 17.4% Total capital ratio (fully loaded) 17.6% 0.8 PP 16.8% Stock data 1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6 Earnings per share in € 0.72 (23.8)% 0.94 Closing price in € (30/6) 11.28 (13.6)% 13.05 High (closing prices) in € 14.17 (9.1)% 15.59 Low (closing prices) in € 10.21 13.3% 9.01 Number of shares in million (30/6) 292.98 0.0% 292.98 Market capitalization in € million (30/6) 3,303 (13.6)% 3,823 Resources 30/6 31/12 Employees as at reporting date (full-time equivalents) 50,922 (1.1)% 51,492 Business outlets 2,641 (2.4)% 2,705 Customers in million 14.2 (4.5)% 14.9

RBI in the capital markets 4
Group management report 6
Market development 6
Significant events 8
Earnings and financial performance 10
Comparison of results year-on-year 11
Comparison of results with the previous quarter 15
Statement of financial position 17
Risk management 19
Outlook 19
Events after the reporting date 19
Segment report 20
Segmentation principles 20
Central Europe 21
Southeastern Europe 24
Eastern Europe 28
Group Corporates 31
Group Markets 32
Corporate Center 33
Non-Core 35
Interim consolidated financial statements 38
Statement of comprehensive income 38
Statement of financial position 41
Statement of changes in equity 42
Statement of cash flows 42
Segment reporting 43
Notes 48
Notes to the income statement 51
Notes to the statement of financial position 57
Risk report 72
Additional notes 88
Events after the reporting date 92
Report on the Review of the condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements 93
Statement of legal representatives 95
Publication details/Disclaimer 96

RBI in the capital markets Performance of RBI stock

RBI's stock started the second quarter at a price of € 13.32 and closed the quarter on 30 June 2016 at € 11.28, down 15.3 per cent, amid a generally difficult stock market environment. Following the announcement of the evaluation of a potential merger of RZB and RBI on 10 May 2016, the stock fell by around 10 per cent. In late June, the outcome of the referendum vote on the UK's exit from the European Union took global financial markets by surprise. Stock indices initially fell sharply but recouped some of their losses in the subsequent week. The EURO STOXX Banks and ATX lost 17.9 per cent and 7.7 per cent, respectively, during the period from April to end-June 2016. RBI's stock was trading at € 11.92 on 12 August (the editorial deadline for this report).

Price performance since 1 January 2016 compared to ATX and EURO STOXX Banks

Annual General Meeting

RBI's Annual General Meeting on 16 June 2016 approved all of the proposed resolutions relating to the individual agenda items. The Chairman of the Supervisory Board, Walter Rothensteiner, was reelected to the Supervisory Board of RBI until the close of the Annual General Meeting which will resolve on granting discharge for the 2020 financial year.

Active capital market communication

In the second quarter, RBI once again offered interested investors an opportunity to obtain first-hand information at road shows in Frankfurt, London, New York and Paris, as well as in Zürs, Austria. In addition to 28 equity analysts, 21 debt analysts also regularly provide investment recommendations on RBI, making RBI the company in Austria with the largest number of analysts reporting on it on a regular basis.

RBI published its results for the first quarter on 10 May 2016 (two days earlier than originally scheduled), at the same time as its announcement of the evaluation of a merger of RZB and RBI. A conference call was held the next day – also available as a webcast on the Internet – in which more than 300 international analysts and investors took part.

On 26 July 2016, the results of the EBA stress test for Raiffeisen-Landesbanken-Holding GmbH were published. RZB and thus RBI were also examined – as part of Raiffeisen-Landesbanken-Holding GmbH – in the ECB stress test. Members of the Management Board of both RZB and RBI answered the questions of international analysts and investors during a conference call on the results of the stress test. A webcast is also available for this conference call, for which more than 260 participants dialed in.

Stock data and details

RBI's shares have been listed on the Vienna Stock Exchange since 25 April 2005. RZB held approximately 60.7 per cent of RBI's stock as at the end of the second quarter of 2016, with the remaining shares in free float.

Share price as at 30 June 2016 €11.28
High/Low (closing prices) in the scond quarter of 2016 €14.17/€10.68
Earnings per share from 1 January to 30 June 2016 €0.72
Bookvalue per share as at 30 June 2016 €27.93
Market capitalization as at 30 June 2016 €3.3 billion
Average daily trading volume in the second quarter of 2016 (single count) 732,753 shares
Stock exchange turnover in the second quarter of 2016 (single count) €550 million
Free float as at 30 June 2016 approximately 39.3%
ISIN AT0000606306
Ticker symbols RBI (Vienna Stock Exchange)
RBI AV (Bloomberg)
RBIV.VI (Reuters)
Market segment Prime Market
Number of shares issued as at 30 June 2016 292,979,038

Rating details

Rating agency Long-term rating Outlook Short-term rating
Moody's Investors Service Baa2 positive P-2
Standard & Poor's BBB developing A-2

Financial Calendar 2016 / 2017

2 November 2016 Start of Quiet Period
16 November 2016 Third Quarter Report, Conference Call
15 February 2017 Start of Quiet Period
15 March 2017 Annual Report 2016, Conference Call
16 March 2017 RBI Investor Presentation, London
3 May 2017 Start of Quiet Period
17 May 2017 First Quarter Report, Conference Call
12 June 2017 Record Date Annual General Meeting
22 June 2017 Annual General Meeting
28 June 2017 Ex-Dividend Date
29 June 2017 Record Date Dividends
30 June 2017 Dividend Payment Date
27 July 2017 Start of Quiet Period
10 August 2017 Semi-Annual Report, Conference Call
31 October 2017 Start of Quiet Period
14 November 2017 Third Quarter Report, Conference Call

Contact for equity and debt investors

E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.rbinternational.com Investor Relations Phone: +43-1-71 707-2089 Fax: +43-1-71 707-213

Raiffeisen Bank International AG Group Investor Relations Am Stadtpark 9 1030 Vienna, Austria

Group management report

Market development

In late June, the outcome of the referendum vote on the UK's exit from the European Union (Brexit) took global financial markets by surprise. Investors initially reacted with a flight to safer asset classes. Thus yields on 10-year German government bonds fell into negative territory for the first time and stock indices such as Germany's leading index, the DAX, initially fell sharply, but were able to recoup the bulk of their losses in subsequent weeks. Losses suffered by Central and Eastern European currencies and bonds were likewise moderate and for the most part temporary.

The medium-term economic fallout from Brexit will depend on the nature of the cooperative legal relationship between the UK and the EU following the end of its membership. Raiffeisen assumes in its financial market and economic scenario that a solution will emerge that will cause only minor disruptions to existing trading conditions. In that case, the ramifications for the economic outlook for the euro area and Central and Eastern Europe will be relatively limited. While economic growth in the UK should halve to 1.0 per cent in 2017, the euro area's GDP growth is expected to fall 0.2 percentage points to 1.5 per cent in 2017 due to lower export volumes to the UK and uncertainty in relation to investments. In Central and Eastern Europe, the central countries in particular have stronger economic ties to the UK. Accordingly, as a result of the Brexit fallout, economic growth in Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic and Slovakia will likely slow by an estimated 0.2 percentage points of GDP in 2017.

The low interest rate environment in the US and in Western Europe will continue to persist, driven by uncertainties surrounding Brexit, and is spreading to countries in Central Europe (CE) and Southeastern Europe (SEE) where key rates and bond yields are already at historical lows. This expansionary ECB monetary policy should continue to indirectly support financial markets in CE and SEE. Most CE and SEE currencies are now stable against the euro, though devaluation risks remain for the Ukrainian hryvnia and Belarusian rouble. In Russia, the stabilization of the rouble, as well as sharply lower inflation, opened up room for a first interest rate cut in June of 2016. The key interest rate in Russia should fall from 10.50 per cent at the end of the second quarter to 9.5 per cent in the second half of 2016.

The economic consequences of the failed military coup in Turkey on the rest of the region should remain limited, even with possible negative economic implications for Turkey itself. Turkey only plays a very minor role as trading partner and investor for the countries of CE and SEE. Albania, Bulgaria and Ukraine, however, could be impacted by a downturn in the Turkish economy. In contrast, the Russian economy could profit from an improved relationship with Turkey.

The Austrian economy grew 0.9 per cent in 2015. Real GDP is expected to increase 1.4 per cent in 2016, reflecting a moderate pickup in economic growth momentum. At the same time, economic growth should continue to be driven by domestic demand.

Economic indicators in the first half of 2016 suggest that the CE region should have robust economic growth for the full year, with growth in several countries weakening somewhat following a very strong 2015. The outlook for the SEE region is likewise positive with the economic upturn continuing across SEE countries. In the Eastern Europe (EE) region, both Russia and Belarus will be further affected by recession in 2016, though the recession in Russia should clearly bottom out. The Ukrainian economy will likely start seeing renewed modest growth. Western sanctions against Russia and restrictions on food imports from the EU to Russia will, however, have no material impact on economic growth in either the euro area or in CE and SEE owing to the marginal level of direct interdependence. The economic sanctions imposed by the EU have been extended to the second half of 2016, and a rapid or complete lifting of sanctions can also not be expected for 2017.

Central Europe (CE) – the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia – is the most economically developed CEE region. With the exception of Poland, CE economies are small, open and highly dependent on exports, primarily to Germany. Following a 3.6 per cent increase in 2015, economic growth in CE is expected to reach 3.0 per cent in 2016. Poland and Slovakia should post the strongest GDP growth at 3.5 per cent, followed by Slovenia, Hungary and the Czech Republic at just over 2 per cent each. In general, the CE region benefits from solid economic growth in Germany and in the euro area, as well as from expansionary monetary policies in a number of CE countries. Nevertheless, GDP growth rates in 2016 will probably be slightly below 2015 levels. This is attributable, among other things, to a temporary reduction in public investments going forward. On the other hand, expansionary fiscal policies, notably in Poland, should stimulate growth both in 2016 and in 2017. The growth rates for 2017 are expected to reflect a moderate negative effect resulting from Brexit. Inflation rates are expected to increase slightly in the second half of 2016, but still remain very moderate by historical standards.

In Southeastern Europe (SEE) – Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, Romania and Serbia – economic output is expected to grow 3.2 per cent in 2016, up from 2.9 per cent in 2015. In Romania, which benefits from tax breaks and strong wage growth, GDP growth of approximately 4.0 per cent is expected for 2016. In Albania, an increase of around 3.5 per cent is anticipated in 2016. Croatia and Serbia should record positive growth rates in 2016 for the second consecutive year. More moderate economic growth in parts of the SEE region is attributable to structural adjustments that are still outstanding, as well as to the high level of private sector debt, which is only slowly coming down. For 2017, positive growth rates are expected for all SEE countries, with the debt reduction of recent years likely to support economic growth.

Economic conditions remain difficult in Eastern Europe (EE) – Belarus, Russia and Ukraine – though the picture is improving significantly in comparison to 2015. The region's GDP should decline only 0.4 per cent in 2016, following minus 4.1 per cent in 2015. Following the sharp recession, with a GDP decline of 3.7 per cent in 2015, a decline of only 0.5 per cent is forecast for Russia in 2016. Domestic demand – both through household consumption and investments – is expected to also further contract by 3 to 4 per cent in 2016. In contrast, a number of export-oriented industrial sectors are benefitting from the weak rouble, so that modest growth of 1 per cent is forecast for Russian industrial production. In Ukraine – with a GDP decline of 9.9 per cent in 2015 following an adjustment recession – subdued growth of 1.5 per cent is expected for 2016. On the other hand, Belarus is heavily hit by the recession in Russia and a GDP decline of 2.0 per cent is expected for 2016. Depending on the development in Russia, 2017 could also turn out to be a challenging year for Belarus. In Russia, a gradual improvement of the economic situation is currently anticipated for 2017, but only if the oil price continues to stabilize.

Annual real GDP growth in per cent

Region/country 2014 2015 2016e 2017f
Czech Republic 1.9 4.6 2.3 2.7
Hungary 3.7 2.9 2.2 2.7
Poland 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.8
Slovakia 2.5 3.6 3.5 3.3
Slovenia 3.0 2.9 2.2 2.1
Central Europe 3.0 3.6 3.0 3.3
Albania 2.0 2.6 3.5 4.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.1 2.8 3.0 3.5
Bulgaria 1.5 3.0 2.5 3.0
Croatia (0.4) 1.6 2.3 2.5
Kosovo 1.2 4.0 3.5 3.5
Romania 3.0 3.8 4.0 3.6
Serbia (1.8) 0.5 2.5 3.0
Southeastern Europe 1.6 2.9 3.2 3.2
Russia 0.7 (3.7) (0.5) 1.0
Belarus 1.7 (3.9) (2.0) 1.0
Ukraine (6.6) (9.9) 1.5 2.0
Eastern Europe 0.3 (4.1) (0.4) 1.1
Austria 0.4 0.9 1.4 1.3
Germany 1.6 1.4 1.8 1.7
Euro area 0.9 1.7 1.6 1.5

Source: Raiffeisen Research

Significant events

Progress of the transformation program

The sale of the Slovenian subsidiary bank, Raiffeisen Banka d.d., was successfully completed with the closing at the end of June 2016. The deconsolidation effect on RBI's consolidated result amounted to minus € 53 million, the majority of which was recognized in the fourth quarter of 2015. As a result of the sale of the Slovenian subsidiary, RBI's risk-weighted assets (RWA) reduced by approximately € 212 million. The Slovenian Raiffeisen Leasing d.o.o. was not included in the sale. The transaction had a slightly positive effect on the CET1 ratio (fully loaded), as the resulting loss had already been recognized in 2015.

A sale is still planned in Poland. In the course of the acquisition of Polbank in 2012, RBI made a commitment to the Polish regulatory authority to list the shares of Raiffeisen Bank Polska S.A. on the Warsaw Stock Exchange with a free float of at least 15 per cent by 30 June 2016. In May 2016, the Polish regulatory authority agreed that the commitment with respect to an initial public offering would be fulfilled, if the sale of Raiffeisen Bank Polska S.A. to a listed Polish bank takes place before the end of 2016. A spinoff of the banking operations without the Swiss franc portfolio is intended within the scope of the sale. The Swiss franc portfolio would subsequently be transferred to a Polish branch of RBI AG.

Following the inconclusive sales process relating to ZUNO BANK AG, a sale is no longer being pursued at present. Currently, various alternative options are being evaluated, one of which is the integration into existing Group units.

As part of the planned reduction of RWA, significant progress has been made in Asia since the end of 2014, with RWA down by approximately 62 per cent. The winding down of the US operations is also making good headway, with a decrease in RWA of around 46 per cent since the end of 2014.

Within the context of the planned reduction of business volumes and risk in the profitable Russian subsidiary, RWA declined 8 per cent since the end of 2014. In Ukraine, with a RWA decrease of 23 per cent since the end of 2014 and substantially lower risk costs, a positive turning point was arrived at, which was also reflected in net income. Similarly positive developments were reported by Hungary, where the repositioning with a significantly lower cost base was completed.

Possible consolidation of RZB and RBI

On 10 May 2016, an evaluation of a consolidation of RZB and RBI was announced. The objectives of the consolidation would be to simplify the Group structure and to adapt the Group to increased regulatory requirements. A possible consolidation of RZB and RBI would not affect the stock exchange listing of RBI. The decision on whether or not to pursue the consolidation is expected in September of 2016. An Extraordinary General Meeting to decide on the consolidation would take place at the start of 2017. The fusion could be completed by the end of the first quarter of 2017.

Revision of bank levy regulation in Austria

In July 2016 the Austrian government reached an agreement to amend the bank levy regulation from 2017 onwards. The law still has to be passed by the Austrian parliament. Pursuant to this, the annual bank levy is to be reduced, while at the same time Austrian banks are to make a one-off payment which will amount to around € 115 million for RBI. The period over which this is to be paid is still uncertain. In 2015 the Austrian bank levy amounted to € 84 million for RBI. After the law becomes effective, RBI expects annual payments of approximately € 15 million, starting in 2017.

Publication of EBA stress test results for Raiffeisen-Landesbanken-Holding GmbH

The results of the European Central Bank (ECB) stress test for Raiffeisen-Landesbanken-Holding GmbH, the majority shareholder of Raiffeisen Zentralbank Österreich AG (RZB), have been published. RZB and consequently Raiffeisen Bank International AG (RBI) were – as part of Raiffeisen-Landesbanken-Holding GmbH – also examined in the ECB stress test. The data published relates to Raiffeisen-Landesbanken-Holding GmbH. This year, the ECB did not set a minimum capital ratio requirement (CET1 ratio) for passing the stress test. The results of the scenarios were calculated based on the balance sheet structure as at 31 December 2015.

As at 31 December 2015, the CET1 ratio (transitional) of Raiffeisen-Landesbanken-Holding GmbH stood at 10.5 per cent and the CET1 ratio (fully loaded) was 10.2 per cent. In the baseline scenario, the CET1 ratio (transitional) increased to 12.4 per cent at the end of 2018, and the CET1 ratio (fully loaded) stood at 12.3 per cent as at the same date. In the adverse scenario, the CET1 ratio (transitional) and CET1 ratio (fully loaded) are both 6.1 per cent as at 31 December 2018.

Strengthening the capital position is a principal objective of the RBI/RZB Group. For this reason, RBI launched a transformation program at the beginning of 2015, with the aim of reaching a CET1 ratio (fully loaded) of at least 12 per cent by the end of 2017. As the stress test is based on the balance sheet as at 31 December 2015, key aspects of the transformation program are not reflected in the scenarios. These include the planned sale of the Polish operations, the sale of the Slovenian bank (now concluded), the winding down of the US operations, downscaling in Asia and further reduction of risk-weighted assets in Russia.

Furthermore, RZB has initiated additional measures with a positive impact on the capital structure, including the announced reduction of its UNIQA shareholding and streamlining of the Group structure.

Brexit

Despite opinion polls forecasting a tight result, it was clear that financial market participants initially expected the UK to remain in the EU. However, the supporters of an exit from the EU (Brexit) achieved a small majority in the referendum on 23 June 2016. The next day, stock markets responded to the outcome with sharp falls in share prices, the value of bonds rose significantly and pound sterling dropped to its lowest value against the US dollar for around 30 years.

With its main business focus on CEE, the direct effects on RBI have so far been minor. Total UK credit exposure at the end of June was €5,425 million, including € 3,117 million in corporate financing and €2,308 million in relation to banks. Even in the past, investments in UK government bonds have only played a minor role and no such investments existed at the end of June. Counterparty limits and limits for UK banks are currently subject to close monitoring and will be maintained at very tight levels for the time being.

Earnings and financial performance

The ongoing low interest rate environment – both in the euro area and in other RBI markets – again weighed on the Group's interest income in the first half of 2016. The measures taken within the scope of the Group's possibilities are expected to begin to bear fruit over the course of the financial year. At the same time, loan volumes declined as a result of the implementation of the transformation program, as well as due to subdued credit demand. There was however a significant improvement in the Group's credit risk situation, with impairment losses down in nearly all markets and well below the previous year's level at mid-year.

Consolidated profit in the first six months fell 24 per cent year-on-year, or € 66 million, to €210 million. The decline was mainly attributable to a 13 per cent reduction in net interest income, while the 33 per cent, or € 201 million, lower net provisioning for impairment losses of € 403 million had a positive impact. In addition, both the current financial year and the previous year were influenced by a number of non-recurring effects: Releases of provisions for the Settlement Act in Hungary in the prior year were set against new provisioning in 2016. The sale of Visa Europe shares to Visa Inc. resulted in proceeds of € 132 million. New legislation in Romania concerning private mortgage loans ("Walkaway Law") gave rise to a charge of € 43 million as a result of the expected take-up rate. Higher valuation losses on derivatives and own liabilities (up € 52 million) and higher income taxes (up €41 million) had a negative impact.

Operating income was down 7 per cent year-on-year, or €160 million, to € 2,284 million. Net interest income further declined, down 13 per cent to €1,455 million, due to the aforementioned low interest rate level. This was primarily attributable to the continuing low market interest rates in many of the Group's countries, existing excess liquidity, as well as a reduction of € 104 million, particularly in Russia, in interest income from derivatives entered into for hedging purposes, which were impacted by market fluctuations in the first half of 2015. In contrast, net trading income improved € 83 million to €84 million. In the previous year, net trading income had been heavily impacted by currency devaluations in Ukraine. The decline in net fee and commission income remained moderate, down 3 per cent to €719 million, and was primarily currency related.

General administrative expenses rose 2 per cent year-on-year to €1,412 million. The average number of employees dropped 2,846 year-on-year to 51,665. Despite the reduction in employees, staff expenses were up 7 per cent to € 701 million due to the release of bonus provisions in the amount of € 76 million in the previous year. Other administrative expenses were down 1 per cent to €569 million. This was primarily due to lower office space expenses as a result of branch closures. The number of business outlets decreased 140 year-on-year to 2,641. Expenses were higher due to contributions to the bank resolution fund (up €10 million), which already had to be booked for full-year 2016 due to IFRS provisions. Regulatory expenses for deposit insurance fees and the bank resolution fund amounted to € 103 million, up from €99 million in the previous year.

Total assets fell marginally to € 114.0 billion since the start of the year. Lending to customers increased 1 per cent in the current financial year, mainly due to currency effects and repo transactions with large corporate customers. The retail business grew €0.6 billion, predominantly in Central Europe. In contrast, the volume of securities contracted € 1.2 billion, mostly resulting from a decline in the portfolio of bonds at Group head office, as well as in Romania and Poland. On the liabilities side, customer deposits were nearly unchanged at € 68.9 billion, with decreasing deposits from corporate customers (down € 1.9 billion) and sovereigns (down €0.5 billion) offset by growth in retail deposits.

Equity including capital attributable to non-controlling interests grew €224 million to € 8,725 million. Alongside profit after tax of €268 million, other comprehensive income was minus € 14 million, with positive currency effects of € 59 million set against the realization of net valuations of financial assets available-for-sale.

In terms of regulatory capital, the key figures changed as follows: Common equity tier 1 (after deductions) totaled € 7,706 million at the end of the period and was € 35 million higher than at year-end 2015. This was due, on the one hand, to the recognition of the half-year results, and on the other, to higher deductions due to the application of transitional provisions for 2016. Total capital pursuant to the CRR amounted to € 10,972 million, which represents a decline of €15 million compared to the 2015 year-end figure. Risk-weighted assets (total) reduced € 1,550 million to € 61,722 million. Based on total risk, the common equity tier 1 ratio (transitional) was 12.5 per cent while the total capital ratio (transitional) was 17.8 per cent. Excluding the transitional provisions as defined in the CRR, the common equity tier 1 ratio (fully loaded) stood at 12.2 per cent and the total capital ratio (fully loaded) at 17.6 per cent.

Comparison of results year-on-year
in € million 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/20151 Change absolute Change in %
Net interest income2 1,455 1,681 (226) (13.4)%
Net fee and commission income 719 745 (25) (3.4)%
Net trading income 84 2 83 >500.0%
Recurring other net operating income2 25 16 9 53.0%
Operating income 2,284 2,444 (160) (6.5)%
Staff expenses (701) (656) (45) 6.8%
Other administrative expenses (569) (578) 8 (1.4)%
hereof regulatory other administrative expenses (103) (99) (3) 3.4%
Depreciation (142) (154) 12 (7.7)%
General administrative expenses (1,412) (1,388) (25) 1.8%
Operating result 871 1,056 (184) (17.5)%
Net provisioning for impairment losses (403) (604) 201 (33.3)%
Other results (18) 3 (22)
Profit/loss before tax 450 455 (5) (1.1)%
Income taxes (182) (141) (41) 29.4%
Profit/loss after tax 268 314 (46) (14.8)%
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (58) (38) (19) 50.2%
Consolidated profit/loss 210 276 (66) (23.8)%

1 Restated in accordance with IAS 8.41. Please see the 2015 Annual Report for details. 2 Adaptation of previous year figures due to different allocation.

Operating income

Net interest income

In the first six months of 2016, net interest income fell 13 per cent, or € 226 million, to € 1,455 million. This was primarily attributable to the continuing low market interest rates in many of the Group's countries, existing excess liquidity, as well as a reduction of €104 million, particularly in Russia, in interest income from derivatives entered into for hedging purposes, which were impacted by market fluctuations in the first half of 2015. A decline in the loan portfolios at Group head office and in Asia also contributed to the reduction in net interest income.

The Group's net interest margin declined 24 basis points year-on-year to 2.76 per cent. This development was attributable to the aforementioned low market interest rates, especially in the Central Europe and Southeastern Europe segments.

In the Central Europe segment, net interest income fell 2 per cent, or € 7 million, to € 323 million. In Hungary, net interest income declined €3 million as a result of the low market interest rate level. In Slovakia, lower interest rates also reduced net interest income by € 7 million. In contrast, the Czech Republic reported a volume-related rise of € 3 million in net interest income. In the Southeastern Europe segment, net interest income fell 6 per cent, or € 26 million, to € 372 million. All countries in this segment – with the exception of Bosnia and Herzegovina – reported declines in net interest income; these declines were also mainly attributable to the continuing low interest rate level. The Eastern Europe segment reported a 17 per cent, or € 86 million, decrease in net interest income to € 418 million. This primarily resulted from a 23 per cent, or € 82 million, drop in net interest income to € 271 million in Russia, due to a € 105 million reduction in interest income from financial derivatives as well as lower interest income from loans and advances to customers – driven by volume and currency developments – which was offset by similarly reduced interest expenses. In Ukraine, the 7 per cent, or € 6 million, decline in net interest income to € 82 million was currency related; in local currency terms, net interest income rose 12 per cent. In Belarus, net interest income increased € 2 million to €65 million. In the Non-Core segment, however, net interest income fell 21 per cent, or €44 million, to € 163 million, with Asia reporting the largest decline of 65 per cent, or € 34 million, to €19 million due to reduced volumes. In Poland, the continuing low market interest rate level reduced net interest income by 2 per cent, or €2 million, to € 127 million.

Net fee and commission income

Net fee and commission income fell 3 per cent year-on-year, or € 25 million, to € 719 million due to currency devaluations in Eastern Europe as well as lower sales in Central Europe. Net income from the loan and guarantee business fell € 18 million to €86 million; aside from currency effects, this was also due to lower guarantee income at Group head office, the withdrawal from the automobile financing business in Russia, the legal restriction on fees for early loan repayments in Slovakia, lower fee and commission income in Hungary, as well as volume reductions in Asia. Net income from the securities business also fell € 5 million to €65 million, most notably in Romania, Russia, Hungary, and at Group head office. In contrast, net income from the sale of own and third party products grew 32 per cent, or €7 million, to €31 million, predominantly due to higher income in Poland and Romania. Net income from the management of investment and pension funds fell, mainly in Slovakia, by 16 per cent, or € 4 million, to €19 million.

Net trading income

Net trading income increased € 83 million year-on-year to €84 million. Currency-based transactions rose € 122 million to €49 million, primarily as a result of a more limited Ukrainian hryvnia devaluation than in the prior year and an improved open currency position in Ukraine (€74 million increase). Another positive effect was attributable to the discontinuation of a hedging transaction for Russian rouble denominated dividend income, which had resulted in a € 70 million reduction in the previous year. Net trading income also increased due to valuation gains on foreign currency positions in Hungary and Croatia, while Group head office and Belarus (resulting from closure of a strategic currency position) reported declines. Interest-based business rose € 16 million to €66 million, primarily due to valuation gains and higher interest income from financial derivatives and securities positions at Group head office. In contrast, net income from equity and index-based transactions fell € 43 million to minus € 25 million, as a result of an adjustment of the yield curve due to changed market conditions.

Recurring other net operating income

Recurring other net operating income rose €9 million year-on-year to €25 million. Other operating income increased €5 million, due to the sale of the card acquiring business (POS terminals) in the Czech Republic (proceeds of €8 million). Net income from non-banking activities also improved € 3 million, primarily from a Group unit in Serbia. This contrasted with higher other tax expense, resulting from the allocation to a provision for other taxes relating to previous periods at Group head office.

General administrative expenses

Compared to the same period in the previous year, general administrative expenses climbed €25 million to €1,412 million. The cost/income ratio increased 5.0 percentage points to 61.8 per cent, which was also due to the lower net interest income.

Staff expenses

At 50 per cent, the largest component in general administrative expenses was staff expenses, which increased 7 per cent, or €45 million, to € 701 million. In the same period in 2015, bonus provisions in the amount of €76 million were released; this leads to distortions in the year-on-year comparison. Alongside the effect of the bonus provisions, the rise of € 18 million at Group head office was also due to a change in the salary scheme. The Czech Republic also reported a total increase of €12 million owing to increased staffing levels following the purchase of Citibank's retail business and salary adjustments. In Slovakia, staff expenses rose €12 million due to the expansion of the branch network and the one-off effect in the comparable period in the previous year. In Poland, staff expenses rose €9 million as a result of the effect of the bonus provisions and an increase in provisions for unused vacations. In Romania, an increase of € 2 million was attributable to salary increases and the inclusion of former contract workers. Decreases in staff expenses were reported in Asia (down € 4 million) due to staff reductions and in Russia (down € 4 million) mainly due to currency effects.

The average number of staff (full-time equivalents) fell 2,846 year-on-year to 51,665. The largest declines occurred in Ukraine (down 1,706), Russia (down 662), Poland (down 414), Hungary (down 235), and Bulgaria (down 147). The largest increases occurred in the Czech Republic (up 264) and in Slovakia (up 141).

Other administrative expenses

Other administrative expenses were down 1 per cent, or € 8 million, to €569 million. This was mainly due to reduced office space expenses following branch closures (down € 11 million). The number of business outlets fell 140 year-on-year to 2,641, most notably in Ukraine (down 48), Poland (down 31), Hungary (down 29), and Russia (down 26). Deposit insurance fees decreased €7 million. This contrasted with contributions to the bank resolution fund of € 51 million (up € 10 million) and higher IT expenses.

Depreciation of tangible and intangible fixed assets

Depreciation of tangible and intangible fixed assets fell 8 per cent year-on-year, or € 12 million, to € 142 million. This was primarily the result of reduced depreciation of tangible fixed assets. In the previous year, Hungary reported impairment charges as a result of branch closures, while Ukraine reported impairment charges in relation to buildings. An impairment of the Polbank brand increased expenses by € 3 million.

Net provisioning for impairment losses

Compared to the same period of the previous year, net provisioning for impairment losses fell by a total of 33 per cent, or € 201 million, to € 403 million. This was due to a € 162 million reduction in individual loan loss provisioning to € 432 million. There was a net release of €27 million of portfolio-based loan loss provisions in the reporting period, an improvement of €39 million. The releases were primarily attributable to Group head office (€12 million) and Russia (€ 11 million), and resulted from reallocations into individual loan loss provisioning due to defaults of individual customers and from rating improvements.

The majority of net provisioning for impairment losses in the reporting period was attributable to corporate customers, for which provisions of €291 million were required, while for retail customers this amounted to € 102 million.

The largest decline in net provisioning for impairment losses was recorded in Ukraine, where the provisioning requirement fell €107 million year-on-year to €6 million. This was as higher allocations for retail and corporate customers were necessary in the same period of the previous year, due to the economic situation in the Donbass region. In addition, currency effects had a reduced influence in the reporting period. In the Group Corporates segment, net provisioning for impairment losses for large corporate customers fell € 60 million to € 62 million. Russia also reported a € 50 million decline to €63 million due to an improved situation in the corporate and retail customer businesses. Most countries in Central and Southeastern Europe also had a reduced net provisioning requirement for loans. Net provisioning for impairment losses in Central Europe declined € 32 million year-on-year to €33 million, primarily due to a reduced provisioning requirement in Hungary for corporate customers. In Southeastern Europe, net provisioning for impairment losses fell €11 million to €72 million. Significant declines occurred in almost all markets in the segment in the corporate customer business, especially in Bulgaria (down €19 million) and Romania (down €11 million), as well as in Croatia (down €8 million). In contrast, net provisioning for impairment losses for corporate customers in Asia was € 51 million higher at € 106 million. The default of several large corporate customers in Albania also resulted in a € 25 million increase.

The portfolio of non-performing loans fell € 964 million since the start of the year to €7,364 million. Currency effects accounted for €83 million of the decrease. The actual reduction in non-performing loans on a currency-adjusted basis was therefore €882 million. In addition to the improved risk situation, the write-off of bad debts also resulted in a decline. The largest falls were reported in the Group Corporates segment (down €372 million), Group Markets (down €231 million), Ukraine (down €148 million) and Slovenia (down €110 million). As a result, the NPL ratio improved 1.5 percentage points compared to year-end 2015 to 10.4 per cent. Non-performing loans compared to loan loss provisions of € 5,308 million, resulting in a NPL coverage ratio of 72.1 per cent, up from 71.3 per cent at the year-end.

The provisioning ratio, based on the average volume of loans and advances to customers, fell 0.4 percentage points year-on-year to 1.11 per cent.

Other results

Other results – consisting of net income from derivatives and liabilities, net income from financial investments, bank levies reported in other operating income/expenses, non-recurring effects, goodwill impairments and income from the release of negative goodwill, as well as net income from the disposal of Group assets – fell € 22 million year-on-year to minus € 18 million.

Net income from derivatives and liabilities

Net income from derivatives and liabilities fell from minus € 10 million in the previous year's period to minus € 62 million in the reporting period. The decline was attributable to a € 26 million change in credit spreads on own liabilities and a reduction of €26 million in net income from the valuation of banking book derivatives used for hedging purposes, primarily at Group head office.

Net income from financial investments

Net income from financial investments rose € 110 million year-on-year to € 171 million. This was primarily attributable to net proceeds from the sale of equity participations, which rose € 140 million year-on-year. The sale of Visa Europe shares to Visa Inc. in June 2016 resulted in proceeds of € 132 million. The valuation of securities in the fair value portfolio declined € 50 million yearon-year, mainly due to lower valuation results on fixed-income government bonds linked to the US dollar in Ukraine. The sale of securities held-to-maturity at Group head office contributed € 13 million (up € 11 million).

Bank levies and non-recurring effects

The expense for bank levies rose €14 million year-on-year to € 82 million. This increase was primarily due to expenses of €16 million for the newly-introduced bank levy in Poland. In accordance with IFRS provisions (IFRIC 21), the total annual amount of the bank levy in Hungary was booked at the start of the year. At Group head office expenses declined € 4 million.

The "Walkaway Law" came into force in Romania in the second quarter of 2016. The expected take-up rate resulted in a charge of €43 million in the same period. The new mortgage loan law stipulates that borrowers can sign their properties over to banks and thereby settle their debts, even if the loan exceeds the value of the property. The law relates to certain mortgage loans taken out by private individuals in any currency and applies retroactively. Since RBI is of the opinion that this contravenes the Romanian constitution, relevant proceedings have been initiated.

Net income from the disposal of Group assets

In the reporting period, net income from the disposal of group assets amounted to minus € 2 million. This included effects from the disposal of Group assets derived from various Group units and mainly related to deconsolidation on the grounds of immateriality and from the sale of a Group unit in the Czech Republic. A provision of € 3 million was formed for the expected loss from the sale of a Hungarian leasing company. The sale of the Slovenian bank was completed at the end of June 2016. The negative deconsolidation effect was €53 million, of which €52 million was booked in 2015 and an additional expense of € 1 million was booked in the reporting period. A further €3 million was reclassified to reserves in the income statement.

Income taxes

Income tax expense increased 29 per cent year-on-year, or € 41 million, to € 182 million. Current tax expense increased €32 million to € 117 million, due to tax expenses for prior periods at Group head office and a tax transfer within the context of tax allocation at Group level which was recognized in the same period of the previous year (€ 18 million). Deferred taxes rose € 9 million year-on-year to €66 million, most notably in Poland due to the use of tax loss carryforwards. The tax rate increased 10 percentage points to 41 per cent. In addition, this increase was the result of losses in Asia and a structural tax loss at Group head office. The latter occurred due to tax-free foreign dividend income from Group units. As these tax losses cannot be used in the medium term, they may not be capitalized.

in € million Q2/2016 Q1/2016 Change absolute Change in %
Net interest income 738 718 20 2.8%
Net fee and commission income 372 347 26 7.4%
Net trading income 56 28 28 98.5%
Recurring other net operating income 13 11 2 16.1%
Operating income 1,180 1,104 75 6.8%
Staff expenses (353) (347) (6) 1.7%
Other administrative expenses (267) (302) 35 (11.6)%
Depreciation (74) (68) (5) 7.8%
General administrative expenses (694) (718) 24 (3.3)%
Operating result 485 386 99 25.6%
Net provisioning for impairment losses (297) (106) (192) 181.5%
Other results 33 (52) 85
Profit/loss before tax 221 229 (8) (3.5)%
Income taxes (91) (91) 0 0.1%
Profit/loss after tax 130 138 (8) (5.8)%
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (34) (24) (10) 44.4%
Consolidated profit/loss 96 114 (18) (16.1)%

Comparison of results with the previous quarter

Operating income

Net interest income

Compared to the first quarter of 2016, net interest income rose 3 per cent, or € 20 million, to €738 million in the second quarter of 2016. The net interest margin (calculated based on interest-bearing assets) increased 7 basis points from the previous quarter to 2.80 per cent. The primary causes of this increase were the €13 million rise in current income from shares in affiliated companies and other equity participations, and a currency-related increase in net interest income in Russia (up € 11 million). In Romania, higher dividend income and lower interest expenses for deposits from customers increased net interest income by € 5 million. In contrast, declining volumes reduced net interest income in Asia and at Group head office.

Net fee and commission income

Net fee and commission income rose 7 per cent compared to the first quarter of 2016, or € 26 million, to €372 million. This rise was due to exchange rate movements and to seasonal effects. Net income from the payment transfer business posted the largest increase – up 11 per cent, or €16 million, to € 161 million – due to higher fee and commission income driven by volumes and margins in Ukraine, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Romania, and Hungary. Net income from the foreign currency, notes/coins and precious metals business improved €11 million to €99 million due to higher margins and seasonal factors, mainly in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Russia, at Group head office, and in Poland.

Net trading income

Compared to the previous quarter, net trading income improved €28 million to € 56 million. Net income from currency-based transactions rose €17 million to €33 million, primarily due to increases at Group head office after losses from financial derivatives and exchange-rate related valuation losses on foreign currency positions had been posted in the first quarter. This contrasted with valuation losses on foreign currency positions and from financial derivatives especially in Asia, Russia and Romania. In Belarus, the valuation gain was lower owing to the more limited currency devaluation in the second quarter. Net income from interest-based transactions rose €14 million to €40 million, due to valuation gains on financial derivatives at Group head office and in the Czech Republic, while Albania and Croatia posted valuation losses and lower income from securities positions.

Recurring other net operating income

In the second quarter of 2016, recurring other net operating income increased €2 million compared to the previous quarter to €13 million. Income increased due to lower expenses for other taxes (provision in the first quarter for other taxes from earlier periods at Group head office). The decline in other operating expenses was largely offset by higher allocations for other provisions.

General administrative expenses

At €694 million in the second quarter of 2016, general administrative expenses were down 3 per cent, or € 24 million, on the previous quarter.

Staff expenses rose 2 per cent, or € 6 million, to € 353 million in the second quarter of 2016. Other administrative expenses fell 12 per cent, or € 35 million, to € 267 million. This was due to the contributions to the bank resolution fund, the majority of which were booked for the entire year in the first quarter. This expense item therefore fell €41 million. Deposit insurance fees and communication expenses also decreased. Advertising, PR and promotional expenses, legal, advisory and consulting expenses and security expenses all increased.

Depreciation of tangible and intangible fixed assets rose 8 per cent, or € 5 million, from the previous quarter, to €74 million, mainly due to an impairment charge of € 3 million for the Polbank brand.

Net provisioning for impairment losses

Compared to the previous quarter, net provisioning for impairment losses increased €192 million to € 297 million. The rise was mainly attributable to further allocations for existing non-performing loans in the corporate customer business in Asia (up € 108 million) and in the Group Corporates segment (up €57 million). Net provisioning for impairment losses also increased in Central Europe (€26 million) and in Southeastern Europe (€25 million). Overall, individual loan loss provisioning rose €197 million to €315 million, while net releases of portfolio-based loan loss provisions increased €5 million to €16 million.

The portfolio of non-performing loans fell € 964 million to € 7,364 million since the start of the year. Of this decline, € 742 million was attributable to the second quarter. Currency movements resulted in a € 37 million rise in the second quarter; the organic reduction was therefore €779 million. Among other things, the write-off of bad debts resulted in a decline. The largest falls were reported in the Group Corporates segment (down €232 million), Group Markets (down €156 million), Russia (down €107 million), Slovenia (down €99 million), Ukraine (down € 59 million) and Hungary (down €53 million). The NPL ratio declined compared to the previous quarter, from 11.4 per cent to 10.4 per cent. The NPL coverage ratio increased from 70.2 per cent at the end of the first quarter of 2016 to 72.1 per cent.

Other results

Other results rose € 85 million from minus € 52 million in the first quarter of 2016, to plus € 33 million in the second quarter of 2016.

Net income from derivatives and liabilities

Net income from derivatives and liabilities declined € 7 million compared to the previous quarter to minus € 34 million. Net income from the change in the credit spread of own issues was minus € 12 million (down €11 million), whereas positive valuation results were posted on banking book derivatives.

Net income from financial investments

Net income from financial investments rose € 119 million on the previous quarter to € 145 million. The sale of Visa Europe shares to Visa Inc. in June 2016 resulted in proceeds of € 132 million. In the first quarter, an amount of € 13 million was posted for net proceeds from the sale of securities held-to-maturity at Group head office.

Bank levies and non-recurring effects

Bank levies amounted to € 33 million in the second quarter of 2016 (first quarter of 2016: € 49 million). In Hungary, an expense for the entire year of €19 million was posted upfront in the first quarter of 2016. The expense for bank levies in the second quarter of 2016 was € 9 million in Poland, € 18 million at Group head office and € 5 million in Slovakia.

The "Walkaway Law" came into force in Romania in the second quarter of 2016. The expected take-up rate resulted in a charge of €43 million.

Net income from the disposal of Group assets

In the second quarter, net income from the disposal of Group assets amounted to minus €3 million, following a positive net income of €2 million in the first quarter. In the second quarter, a provision of €3 million was formed for the expected loss from the sale of a Hungarian leasing company. The sale of the Slovenian bank was completed at the end of June 2016, for which an expense of €1 million was posted in the first quarter. A further €3 million was reclassified to reserves in the income statement.

Statement of financial position

Total assets fell € 458 million since the start of the year to €113,969 million. On balance, effects from currency movements and from changes in the scope of consolidation were negligible.

Assets

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/2015 Share
Loans and advances to banks (less impairment losses) 13,675 12.0% 10,717 9.4%
Loans and advances to customers (less impairment losses) 65,517 57.5% 63,986 55.9%
Financial investments 17,007 14.9% 18,225 15.9%
Other assets 17,769 15.6% 21,498 18.8%
Total assets 113,969 100.0% 114,427 100.0%

Loans and advances to banks before deduction of loan loss provisions increased 27 per cent since the start of the year, or €2,910 million, to €13,747 million. This was mainly due to the rise in short-term receivables from money market business, as well as from the giro and clearing business at Group head office, which was set against a reduced cash reserve. At the same time, receivables from repurchase agreements were up € 3,907 million to €5,086 million, while receivables from securities lending transactions increased € 785 million to €787 million.

Loans and advances to customers before deduction of loan loss provisions were up 1 per cent, or €904 million, to €70,825 million, with loans to large corporate customers – predominantly repo transactions at Group head office – recording an increase of 1 per cent, or € 393 million, to €42,079 million. Loans and advances to retail customers (private individuals, as well as small and medium-sized entities) rose € 630 million to €25,265 million, mainly resulting from the acquisition of Citibank's Czech retail customer and credit card business and from an increase in credit volumes in Slovakia and Russia (the latter exclusively currency-related).

The item financial investments registered a total decrease of €1,218 million to €17,007 million, primarily due to the reduction in the securities portfolios (predominantly fixed-interest securities) at Group head office and in Romania.

The €3,729 million decline in other assets to € 17,769 million resulted from a reduction in the cash reserve.

Equity and liabilities

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/2015 Share
Deposits from banks 16,655 14.6% 16,369 14.3%
Deposits from customers 68,941 60.5% 68,991 60.3%
Equity and subordinated capital 12,865 11.3% 12,665 11.1%
Other liabilities 15,508 13.6% 16,401 14.3%
Total equity and liabilities 113,969 100.0% 114,427 100.0%

Deposits from customers were virtually stable at € 68,941 million. Deposits from large corporate customers decreased €1,741 million to € 28,903 million, with the largest declines occurring at Group head office, in Poland (deposit reductions to optimize the balance sheet structure) and in Slovakia. Similarly, public sector deposits – predominantly at Group head office – were down €455 million to € 1,259 million. In contrast, deposits from retail customers grew € 2,304 million to € 35,949 million, driven by an increase in the Czech Republic following the acquisition of a business unit, as well as by higher deposits in Russia (currency-related) and in Slovakia.

Other liabilities fell € 893 million to €15,508 million. This was mainly due to the suspension of the application of the IFRS 5 presentation as a result of the inconclusive sale negotiations relating to ZUNO BANK AG, and to the closing of the sale of the Slovenian Group unit.

The funding structure was as follows:

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/2015 Share
Customer deposits 68,941 70.6% 68,991 71.1%
Medium- and long-term refinancing 12,227 12.8% 12,945 13.3%
Short-term refinancing 11,824 12.2% 10,926 11.3%
Subordinated liabilities 4,141 4.4% 4,164 4.3%
Total 97,133 100.0% 97,026 100.0%

The ratio of customer loans to customer deposits rose 1 percentage point to 93 per cent since the start of the year. Without the Non-Core segment, it would have been at 91 per cent.

Equity on the statement of financial position

Equity on the statement of financial position, consisting of consolidated equity, consolidated profit and non-controlling interests, increased 3 per cent versus the end of 2015, or € 224 million, to € 8,725 million. The increase was mainly due to total comprehensive income whereas dividend payments to non-controlling interests resulted in a € 40 million reduction in capital.

Total comprehensive income of €254 million comprised profit after tax of €268 million and other comprehensive income of minus €14 million. Exchange rate differences of €59 million constituted the largest item in other comprehensive income. The key drivers here were the 13 per cent appreciation of the Russian rouble (€ 166 million) and the 1 per cent appreciation of the Croatian kuna (€ 10 million); whereas the Polish zloty depreciated 4 per cent (minus € 63 million), the Belarusian rouble depreciated 10 per cent (minus € 31 million) and the Ukrainian hryvnia depreciated 5 per cent (minus € 9 million). The completion of the sale of Visa Europe shares to Visa Inc. resulted in a transfer of the valuation result of approximately € 80 million to the income statement. The capital hedge had a negative result of € 16 million, particularly due to the appreciation of the Russian rouble. The cash flow hedge increased other comprehensive income by €9 million.

Total capital pursuant to the CRR/BWG

The consolidated figures shown below have been calculated in accordance with the provisions of the Capital Requirements Regulation (CRR) and Austrian Banking Act (BWG).

Total capital amounted to € 10,972 million as at 30 June 2016. This represents a decline of € 15 million compared to the 2015 year-end figure, largely due to the application of the transitional provisions for 2016, as well as the non-recognition of the RZB Finance Jersey IV hybrid capital. The negative effects resulting from the changed transitional and recognition provisions are offset by the inclusion of the half-year results for 2016 as well as positive exchange rate differences. Common equity tier 1 (after deductions) was up € 35 million. Alongside the inclusion of the half-year results for 2016, exchange rate differences had a positive impact on total capital, first and foremost the appreciation of the Russian rouble at € 166 million, however this was set against devaluations of the Polish zloty and Belarusian rouble. Tier 2 capital was down € 50 million to € 3,266 million, due to exchange rate movements and matured capital instruments.

Total capital compared to a total capital requirement of € 4,938 million. The total capital requirement for credit risk came to €4,025 million, corresponding to a decline of €92 million. The decline is mainly attributable to the reduction of exposures, as well as to an improved Belarus rating and currency devaluations, which were partially offset by the appreciation of the Russian rouble. The total capital requirement for position risk in bonds, equities, commodities and currencies showed a decline of € 44 million, largely attributable to reduction of the open foreign-exchange position. Updated operating income data, as well as changes in the scope of consolidation, resulted in an increase in the total capital requirement for operational risk of € 11 million to € 715 million.

Based on total risk, the common equity tier 1 ratio (transitional) was 12.5 per cent while the total capital ratio (transitional) was 17.8 per cent.

Excluding the transitional provisions as defined in the CRR, the common equity tier 1 ratio (fully loaded) stood at 12.2 per cent and the total capital ratio (fully loaded) was 17.6 per cent.

Risk management

For further information on risk management, please refer to note (38) Risks arising from financial instruments, in the risk report section of the interim consolidated financial statements.

Outlook

We target a CET1 ratio (fully loaded) of at least 12 per cent and a total capital ratio (fully loaded) of at least 16 per cent by the end of 2017.

After the implementation of the strategic measures defined at the beginning of 2015, the cost base should be approximately 20 per cent below the level of 2014 (general administrative expenses 2014: € 3,024 million).

We aim for a return on equity before tax of approximately 14 per cent and a consolidated return on equity of approximately 11 per cent in the medium term.

We further aim to achieve a cost/income ratio of between 50 and 55 per cent in the medium term.

We expect net provisioning for impairment losses for 2016 to be below the level of 2015 (€ 1,264 million).

General administrative expenses for 2016 should be slightly below the level of the previous year (2015: € 2,914 million).

Events after the reporting date

There were no material events after the reporting date.

Segment report

Segmentation principles

Segment reporting at RBI is based on the current organizational structure pursuant to IFRS 8. A cash generating unit within the Group is either a country or a business activity. Markets in Central and Eastern Europe are thereby grouped together into regional segments comprising countries with comparable economic profiles and similar long-term economic growth expectations. Business activities outside the CEE region are divided according to business area.

This results in the following segments:

  • Central Europe (Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia)
  • Southeastern Europe (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, Romania, and Serbia)
  • Eastern Europe (Belarus, Russia and Ukraine)
  • Group Corporates (business with large Austrian and multinational corporate customers managed from Vienna)
  • Group Markets (customer and proprietary capital markets related business managed from Vienna)
  • Corporate Center (central management functions at Group head office and other Group units)
  • Non-Core (business areas that are being discontinued or reduced: Asia, Poland, Slovenia, USA, and direct bank Zuno)

Central Europe

1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6
in € million 2016 2015 Change Q2/2016 Q1/2016 Change
Net interest income 323 329 (2.0)% 161 161 0.1%
Net fee and commission income 188 197 (4.6)% 99 89 12.1%
Net trading income 13 26 (48.8)% 8 5 42.4%
Recurring other net operating income 2 (20) (2) 4
Operating income 525 532 (1.3)% 266 259 2.9%
General administrative expenses (314) (294) 6.6% (148) (165) (10.4)%
Operating result 211 238 (11.0)% 118 93 26.3%
Net provisioning for impairment losses (33) (64) (49.1)% (29) (3) >500.0%
Other results 34 (9) 49 (15)
Profit/loss before tax 212 165 29.0% 137 75 83.5%
Income taxes (40) (38) 5.4% (27) (13) 101.7%
Profit/loss after tax 172 126 36.2% 110 61 79.6%
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 13,241 13,649 (3.0)% 13,241 13,688 (3.3)%
Assets 28,055 25,079 11.9% 28,055 27,644 1.5%
Net interest margin (average interest
bearing assets) 2.43% 2.75% (0.31) PP 2.40% 2.46% (0.06) PP
Return on equity before tax 24.0% 19.3% 4.7 PP 31.5% 17.4% 14.1 PP

In Central Europe, RBI increased total assets through higher new business generation, especially in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. An additional increase resulted from the acquisition of Citibank's retail and credit card business in the Czech Republic (€ 669 million), which included a retail loan portfolio of € 201 million. The low level of interest rates, however, continues to negatively impact operating income. Lower net provisioning for impairment losses in Hungary and Slovakia as well as income from the sale of Visa Europe shares to Visa Inc. led to a significant improvement in profit before tax, which rose €48 million year-on-year to €212 million.

Operating income

Net interest income decreased 2 per cent year-on-year, or € 7 million, to €323 million due to persistently low market interest rates. In Slovakia, the net interest income declined by € 7 million and in Hungary by € 3 million. In the Czech Republic, in contrast, net interest income increased €3 million. The net interest margin fell 31 basis points year-on-year to 2.43 per cent due to interest rate adjustments relating to assets.

Net fee and commission income declined 5 per cent year-on-year, or € 9 million, to € 188 million. Net income from the management of investment and pension funds fell € 5 million to €7 million, largely as a result of a market-induced decline in Slovakia. Net income from the loan and guarantee business also decreased – down 20 per cent, or € 4 million, to €18 million – due to legal restrictions on fees for early loan repayments in Slovakia and lower income in Hungary. Net income from the payment transfer business declined € 4 million as a result of lower volumes and margins, particularly in the Czech Republic and Hungary. Net income from the foreign currency, notes/coins, and precious metals business, in contrast, increased € 5 million as a result of improved margins primarily in the Czech Republic.

Net trading income fell 49 per cent, or € 12 million, to €13 million. Net income from interest-based transactions decreased € 10 million year-on-year to minus € 2 million as a result of losses from the valuation of interest-based derivatives in the Czech Republic and Hungary. Net income from currency-based transactions declined year-on-year, from € 18 million to € 15 million, primarily as a result of lower volumes and valuation losses on foreign currency positions in the Czech Republic. Hungary, on the other hand, reported valuation gains.

Recurring other net operating income improved from minus € 20 million to €2 million. This improvement was driven by a €6 million increase in sundry operating income (the sale of the card acquiring business in the Czech Republic generated € 8 million in proceeds), a € 6 million increase in net proceeds from disposal of tangible and intangible fixed assets due to the sale of real estate in Hungary, as well as a € 5 million decrease in sundry operating expenses, primarily in Slovakia.

General administrative expenses

The segment's general administrative expenses rose 7 per cent year-on-year, or € 19 million, to € 314 million. Staff expenses increased 17 per cent, or € 22 million, to €151 million, due to the purchase of Citibank's retail and credit card business in the Czech Republic as well as the expansion of the branch network in Slovakia and associated staff increases. The increase in the average number of staff (up 170) was attributable to the abovementioned increases in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, whereas decreases were reported in Hungary. Other administrative expenses increased 3 per cent, or € 3 million, to €130 million. The increase was largely driven by contributions to bank resolution funds in the Czech Republic (€ 7 million), Slovakia (€ 6 million) and Hungary (€ 3 million), while deposit insurance fees and office space expenses declined. Depreciation of tangible and intangible fixed assets decreased 17 per cent, or € 6 million, to €32 million, due to impairment charges in the previous year's period in connection with branch closures in Hungary. The number of business outlets in the segment remained unchanged year-on-year at 407. This included the closure of 29 business outlets in Hungary, as part of the realignment of the business model, and the addition of 19 business outlets in Slovakia, where the Raiffeisen brand continued to be rolled out as planned. The cost/income ratio increased 4.4 percentage points to 59.7 per cent.

Net provisioning for impairment losses

Net provisioning for impairment losses in the Central Europe segment declined 49 per cent year-on-year, or € 32 million, to €33 million in the reporting period. The largest decrease, of €35 million, was posted in Hungary as a result of improvements in the ratings of corporate customers. In Slovakia, net provisioning for impairment losses halved to € 4 million, primarily due to the sale of corporate customer loans. In the Czech Republic, net provisioning rose € 8 million due to a large isolated case in the corporate customer business.

The proportion of non-bank non-performing loans in the Central Europe segment's loan portfolio remained unchanged compared to year-end at 7.1 per cent.

Other results and taxes

The Central Europe segment's other results increased €42 million year-on-year to €34 million.

The increase was mainly driven by net income from financial investments, which was € 59 million higher than in the same period in the previous year. The sale of Visa Europe shares to Visa Inc., which closed in June, generated proceeds of €56 million; of which, €31 million was attributable to Slovakia, € 19 million to the Czech Republic and € 6 million to Hungary.

Net income from derivatives and liabilities improved € 8 million, primarily due to net income from hedging to adjust the currency and interest rate structure in the Czech Republic.

In the reporting period, net income from the disposal of Group assets amounted to €7 million, following a loss of € 1 million in the same period in the previous year. Most of the net income posted in 2016 stemmed from the sale of a property leasing project in the Czech Republic (€6 million). Net income was negatively affected by a provision (€3 million) recognized to account for the expected loss on a Hungarian leasing company that had been put up for sale.

The bank levies contained in the other results increased € 2 million to €28 million. The increase was evenly distributed between Hungary and Slovakia.

In Hungary, in connection with the implementation of the Settlement Act (unilateral interest rate changes on consumer loans), in the previous year's period, a provision of € 33 million formed for this purpose was released.

The segment's income taxes increased € 2 million to €40 million. The tax rate declined 4 percentage points year-on-year to 19 per cent due to the utilization of loss carryforwards in Hungary.

Detailed results of individual countries in the segment:

1/1-30/6/2016
in € million
Czech Republic Hungary Slovakia
Net interest income 122 60 140
Net fee and commission income 56 58 74
Net trading income 2 9 3
Recurring other net operating income 11 (11) 2
Operating income 190 115 220
General administrative expenses (114) (72) (127)
Operating result 76 43 93
Net provisioning for impairment losses (27) (2) (4)
Other results 26 (13) 21
Profit/loss before tax 75 28 109
Income taxes (14) 0 (26)
Profit/loss after tax 61 28 83
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 4,716 3,006 5,519
Assets 10,652 6,406 11,053
Loans and advances to customers 7,602 3,349 8,326
hereof corporate % 43.3% 70.1% 45.2%
hereof retail % 56.1% 28.3% 54.7%
hereof foreign currency % 13.5% 42.4% 0.8%
Deposits from customers 7,750 4,299 8,586
Loan/deposit ratio (net) 94.9% 66.0% 94.5%
Equity 933 525 952
Return on equity before tax 16.2% 11.4% 22.5%
Return on equity after tax 13.1% 11.4% 17.1%
Cost/income ratio 60.1% 62.8% 57.8%
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 2.50% 2.04% 2.57%
Employees as at reporting date 3,172 2,012 3,929
Business outlets 135 72 200
Customers 601,281 548,348 835,559

Southeastern Europe

in € million 1/1-30/6
2016
1/1-30/6
2015
Change Q2/2016 Q1/2016 Change
Net interest income 372 398 (6.6)% 192 180 6.5%
Net fee and commission income 189 178 5.8% 98 91 7.6%
Net trading income 30 25 21.4% 12 19 (35.6)%
Recurring other net operating income 3 8 (64.1)% (1) 4
Operating income 594 610 (2.6)% 300 294 2.2%
General administrative expenses (334) (321) 4.0% (165) (169) (2.2)%
Operating result 260 289 (9.9)% 135 125 8.2%
Net provisioning for impairment losses (72) (83) (13.6)% (48) (23) 106.4%
Other results (3) (10) (71.5)% (1) (2) (47.5)%
Profit/loss before tax 186 196 (5.3)% 86 100 (13.9)%
Income taxes (28) (26) 7.1% (12) (16) (27.7)%
Profit/loss after tax 157 170 (7.3)% 74 83 (11.1)%
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 14,210 14,316 (0.7)% 14,210 14,210 0.0%
Assets 21,777 21,299 2.2% 21,777 21,664 0.5%
Net interest margin (average interest
bearing assets)
3.61% 3.97% (0.36) PP 3.74% 3.49% 0.26 PP
Return on equity before tax 19.9% 23.1% (3.1) PP 18.8% 22.2% (3.4) PP

In the Southeastern Europe segment, profit before tax decreased due to a weaker operating result – driven by declining interest margins – and higher general administrative expenses, mainly in connection with bank resolution funds and deposit insurance fees. A new mortgage loan law in Romania had a negative effect, but was offset by income from the sale of Visa Europe shares to Visa Inc.

Operating income

Net interest income decreased 6 per cent year-on-year, or €26 million, to €372 million. All countries in the segment – with the exception of Bosnia and Herzegovina – reported a decline in net interest income, mainly as a result of the persistently low interest rate level. The steepest declines were in Albania and Croatia, which both reported drops of € 6 million. Lower loan volumes also reduced net interest income in those two countries. In Romania, the deconsolidation of a Group unit also led to a € 6 million reduction in net interest income. The net interest margin declined 36 basis points to 3.61 per cent as a result of the low market interest rate level.

In contrast, net fee and commission income increased 6 per cent year-on-year, or € 10 million, to € 189 million. Net income from the payment transfer business was up € 5 million to €100 million due to increased income from the credit card business, mainly in Bosnia and Herzegovina as well as Romania. Net income from the sale of own and third party products rose € 3 million to €13 million, primarily in Romania. Net income from the foreign currency, notes/coins and precious metals business also increased €2 million to €39 million, largely as a result of higher volumes in Romania as well as seasonal effects in Croatia.

Net trading income was up 21 per cent year-on-year, or €5 million, to €30 million in Southeastern Europe. Higher interest income and valuation gains on securities positions and interest-based derivatives in Albania, Croatia and Romania were mainly responsible for the €4 million increase posted in interest-based business to €13 million. Net income from currency-based business improved €1 million to €18 million.

Recurring other net operating income decreased €5 million to €3 million, primarily as a result of higher allocations to other provisions (up €6 million in Romania). The provisions related to class actions in connection with the setting of interest rate conditions for retail loans. In July, however, such class actions were rejected by a ruling of the Romanian constitutional court.

General administrative expenses

General administrative expenses increased 4 per cent year-on-year, or € 13 million, to € 334 million. Staff expenses were up 3 per cent, or € 5 million, to € 146 million. This was mainly the result of higher salaries and the hiring of former contract staff in Romania on a permanent basis, as well as the release of provisions for bonuses in Croatia in the comparable period of 2015. The average number of staff was 15,083 – a decline of 118 from the previous year. The segment's other administrative expenses rose 6 per cent, or € 9 million, to € 152 million. The rise was largely attributable to contributions to the bank resolution funds in Bulgaria (€ 3 million), Croatia (€3 million) and Romania (€ 2 million). Depreciation of tangible and intangible fixed assets remained almost unchanged at €36 million. The number of business outlets fell year-on-year by 18 to 1,054, mainly due to a reduction of business outlets in Romania. The cost/income ratio increased 3.6 percentage points to 56.1 per cent.

Net provisioning for impairment losses

Net provisioning for impairment losses declined €11 million, or 14 per cent, year-on-year to € 72 million. In Bulgaria, the repayment of a non-performing loan by a large corporate customer led to a net release of loan loss provisions of € 2 million in the reporting period, whereas a provisioning requirement of € 17 million was booked in the same period of the previous year. In Romania, the improvement in the risk profiles of retail and corporate customers led to a decline of €11 million in net provisioning for impairment losses to € 26 million. In Croatia, net provisioning for impairment losses of € 9 million was €8 million lower year-onyear. This reflected the release of loan loss provisions for a large corporate customer as well as of provisions for retail customers in connection with the Swiss franc conversion. In contrast, net provisioning in Albania increased sharply by € 25 million to €35 million, which was due to defaults of three large corporate customers.

The proportion of non-performing loans to non-banks in the segment's loan portfolio fell 0.9 percentage points to 11.3 per cent from the end of 2015.

Other results and taxes

Other results were up 71 per cent, or € 7 million, to minus € 3 million. Net income from financial investments increased € 47 million year-on-year to €47 million. This mainly reflected income of € 38 million in the reporting period from the sale of Visa Europe shares to Visa Inc. (€ 21 million in Romania, € 10 million in Croatia, and € 7 million in Bulgaria), as well as valuation gains of €3 million on securities in the fair value portfolio, primarily in Romania and Albania, after valuation losses of €4 million in the comparable period of the previous year.

In the second quarter of 2016, the "Walkaway Law" entered into force in Romania. This resulted in a charge of € 43 million. The new mortgage loan law stipulates that borrowers may transfer ownership of their properties to the banks and thereby settle their debt, even if the loan exceeds the value of the property. The law relates to certain mortgage loans taken out by private persons in any currency and applies retroactively. As RBI believes that this violates the Romanian constitution, legal action has been initiated.

The tax expense increased 7 per cent year-on-year, or € 2 million, to €28 million, while the tax rate was up 2 percentage points to 15 per cent. An increase in deferred taxes reflected the utilization of loss carryforwards in Croatia. The loss in Albania was not offset by any deferred tax income.

Detailed results of individual countries:

1/1-30/6/2016
in € million
Albania Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Net interest income 30 34 57
Net fee and commission income 5 19 20
Net trading income 8 1 1
Recurring other net operating income (1) 0 0
Operating income 43 54 79
General administrative expenses (23) (26) (44)
Operating result 21 28 35
Net provisioning for impairment losses (35) (4) 2
Other results 2 0 7
Profit/loss before tax (12) 24 45
Income taxes 0 (3) (4)
Profit/loss after tax (12) 21 40
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 1,618 1,588 1,684
Assets 2,007 1,990 3,321
Loans and advances to customers 849 1,178 2,062
hereof corporate % 65.4% 31.7% 39.8%
hereof retail % 34.6% 67.7% 59.7%
hereof foreign currency % 58.3% 67.6% 51.9%
Deposits from customers 1,676 1,560 2,347
Loan/deposit ratio (net) 43.4% 70.6% 82.0%
Equity 210 259 498
Return on equity before tax 18.3% 18.8%
Return on equity after tax 16.3% 17.0%
Cost/income ratio 52.2% 48.2% 55.8%
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 3.24% 3.66% 3.48%
Employees as at reporting date 1,342 1,298 2,569
Business outlets 89 97 148
Customers 751,790 445,292 641,214
1/1-30/6/2016
in € million Croatia Kosovo Romania Serbia
Net interest income 64 19 127 41
Net fee and commission income 32 3 90 19
Net trading income 9 0 10 1
Recurring other net operating income 9 0 (9) 3
Operating income 114 22 218 63
General administrative expenses (64) (13) (129) (35)
Operating result 50 10 90 28
Net provisioning for impairment losses (9) (2) (26) 0
Other results 7 0 (19) 0
Profit/loss before tax 48 8 45 28
Income taxes (10) (1) (7) (3)
Profit/loss after tax 38 7 38 25
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 2,973 531 4,192 1,623
Assets 4,493 873 7,122 1,986
Loans and advances to customers 2,917 522 4,627 1,126
hereof corporate % 42.1% 37.2% 33.8% 51.9%
hereof retail % 55.6% 62.8% 64.3% 47.8%
hereof foreign currency % 56.6% 0.0% 41.8% 61.9%
Deposits from customers 3,078 694 5,189 1,462
Loan/deposit ratio (net) 83.2% 72.7% 83.7% 69.6%
Equity 657 115 781 483
Return on equity before tax 15.4% 14.2% 12.1% 12.4%
Return on equity after tax 12.1% 12.7% 10.2% 11.1%
Cost/income ratio 56.3% 56.8% 59.0% 56.0%
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 3.19% 4.45% 3.68% 4.35%
Employees as at reporting date 2,125 729 5,397 1,536
Business outlets 78 52 505 85
Customers 449,654 300,536 2,109,326 681,032

Eastern Europe

in € million 1/1-30/6
2016
1/1-30/6
20151
Change Q2/2016 Q1/2016 Change
Net interest income 418 505 (17.1)% 216 203 6.6%
Net fee and commission income 179 194 (7.7)% 93 86 8.1%
Net trading income 34 (10) 13 20 (35.3)%
Recurring other net operating income (4) (9) (59.7)% (2) (1) 61.0%
Operating income 627 680 (7.7)% 320 308 4.0%
General administrative expenses (235) (269) (12.6)% (117) (118) (1.1)%
Operating result 392 410 (4.5)% 203 189 7.2%
Net provisioning for impairment losses (79) (238) (66.7)% (13) (67) (80.9)%
Other results 12 73 (84.1)% 2 9 (75.6)%
Profit/loss before tax 324 245 32.1% 192 132 45.8%
Income taxes (67) (61) 11.0% (43) (25) 72.7%
Profit/loss after tax 257 185 39.0% 150 107 39.7%
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 11,315 14,631 (22.7)% 11,315 10,964 3.2%
Assets 14,397 17,498 (17.7)% 14,397 13,598 5.9%
Net interest margin (average interest
bearing assets)
6.57% 6.20% 0.37 PP 6.74% 6.45% 0.28 PP
Return on equity before tax 40.1% 29.0% 11.1 PP 47.3% 32.2% 15.1 PP

1 Restated in accordance with IAS 8.41. Please see the 2015 Annual Report for details.

As in the previous year, the Eastern Europe segment was again affected by a high level of currency volatility in the first half of 2016. The average exchange rate of the Russian rouble was 15 per cent lower year-on-year, while the Ukrainian hryvnia and the Belarus rouble were down 17 per cent and 27 per cent year-on-year, respectively. In Ukraine, net trading income increased due to the more limited depreciation of the Ukrainian hryvnia and improved foreign currency positioning. Provisions for impairment losses were also considerably lower, as a result of the improvement in the risk situation, after very high provisioning was still required in the previous year due to the political situation in the Donbass region. Therefore, profit before tax in Ukraine increased €120 million to €64 million. Russia reported a 7 per cent drop in profit before tax, with a volume- and currency-related decline in net interest income being partly offset by lower net provisioning for impairment losses. In Belarus, profit fell year-on-year due to a valuation result from a foreign currency position recognized in the previous year.

Operating income

Net interest income was down 17 per cent year-on-year, or € 86 million, to €418 million. This was mainly due to a decrease in net interest income in Russia (down 23 per cent, or €82 million, to €271 million), aside from foreign exchange effects. This was primarily the result of lower interest income from derivatives entered into for hedging purposes, reflecting the lower interest rate level in the first half of 2016 (whereas the interbank rate was exceptionally high in the first half of 2015) as well as lower volumes of US dollar swaps and resulted in a decline of €105 million. In addition, interest income from loans and advances to customers fell as a result of volume effects. In Ukraine, the 7 per cent, or €6 million, decline in net interest income to €82 million was currency related; in local currency, net interest income increased 12 per cent. In Belarus, net interest income rose just €2 million to €65 million, despite improved margins, as a result of currency devaluations. The segment's net interest margin improved by 37 basis points year-on-year to 6.57 per cent.

Net fee and commission income fell 8 per cent year-on-year, or €15 million, to €179 million. Net income from foreign currency, notes/coins and precious metals business dropped 13 per cent, or € 8 million, to €52 million – mainly as a result of currency movements and lower volumes in Russia and Ukraine. The €4 million fall in net income from the loan and guarantee business to €26 million was driven primarily by the exit from the automobile financing business in Russia and exchange rate effects in Belarus.

Net trading income reversed from minus €10 million in the previous year to plus €34 million. Net income from currency-based business improved €42 million to €25 million; Ukraine reported a significant increase of € 74 million due to the more limited depreciation of the Ukrainian hryvnia and an improved open foreign currency position. In contrast, net trading income in Belarus declined due to the closure of a strategic currency position that had led to a valuation gain of €20 million in the previous year,

and in Russia, due to valuation losses from derivative financial instruments. Net income from interest-based transactions increased €1 million to €9 million due to valuation gains on securities positions in Ukraine.

Recurring other net operating income was up € 5 million year-on-year to minus €4 million, mainly as a result of restructuring provisions of €4 million in Russia formed in the previous year.

General administrative expenses

General administrative expenses fell 13 per cent year-on-year, or €34 million, to €235 million. Russia and Ukraine accounted for most of the reduction, which largely reflected the depreciation of the currencies in Eastern Europe. Staff expenses in the segment decreased €3 million. The fall was due to currency effects and an 11 per cent, or 2,469, reduction in the number of employees to 19,122, which more than offset salary increases in Russia and Ukraine. Other administrative expenses declined €23 million. This included declines in legal, advisory and consulting expenses, as well as in office space expenses due to branch closures. Depreciation decreased € 9 million, after a €3 million impairment charge on buildings in Ukraine was included in the comparable period in 2015. The number of business outlets in the segment fell 77 to 847. Of these, 48 were in Ukraine, and 26 were in Russia, where the number of branches was reduced due to the change of strategy in the eastern part of the country. The cost/income ratio improved 2.1 percentage points to 37.5 per cent.

Net provisioning for impairment losses

Net provisioning for impairment losses fell €159 million year-on-year to €79 million. In Ukraine, net provisioning for impairment losses was down €107 million to €6 million. This was attributable mainly to the high provisioning requirements for loans to retail and corporate customers in the comparable period of the previous year, due to the economic situation in the Donbass region and currency movements. In Russia, net provisioning for impairment losses of € 63 million was €50 million lower year-on-year. In Belarus, the provisioning requirement amounted to €10 million. The €2 million decline in Belarus was due to lower lending volumes and lower NPL growth.

Compared to year-end 2015, the proportion of non-performing loans to non-banks in the segment's loan portfolio declined 1.5 percentage points to 17.4 per cent.

Other results and taxes

Other results fell €62 million year-on-year to €12 million. Net income from financial investments declined € 70 million to €9 million. Valuation gains on securities in the fair value portfolio decreased €73 million to €9 million after positive income of €82 million – primarily from the valuation of fixed-income, US dollar-indexed government bonds in Ukraine – in the comparable period in 2015. Net income from derivative financial instruments improved €9 million to €3 million. This resulted from the valuation of interest rate swaps used to mitigate interest rate structure risk and changes in the market values of banking book derivatives, above all in Russia.

The tax expense increased 11 per cent, or €7 million, to €67 million mainly as a result of the improved result in Ukraine. The segment's tax rate was 21 per cent.

Detailed results of individual countries:

1/1-30/6/2016
in € million
Belarus Russia Ukraine
Net interest income 65 271 82
Net fee and commission income 26 117 36
Net trading income 7 21 6
Recurring other net operating income (1) (2) (1)
Operating income 98 407 123
General administrative expenses (34) (143) (58)
Operating result 63 264 65
Net provisioning for impairment losses (10) (63) (6)
Other results 0 6 6
Profit/loss before tax 54 206 64
Income taxes (12) (44) (11)
Profit/loss after tax 41 162 53
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 1,267 7,699 2,341
Assets 1,384 11,016 1,992
Loans and advances to customers 877 7,248 1,915
hereof corporate % 73.6% 62.9% 54.8%
hereof retail % 26.4% 37.1% 45.2%
hereof foreign currency % 69.0% 39.6% 55.5%
Deposits from customers 817 8,019 1,531
Loan/deposit ratio (net) 100.8% 84.7% 60.0%
Equity 310 1,498 242
Return on equity before tax 40.6% 34.4% 65.3%
Return on equity after tax 31.4% 27.0% 54.0%
Cost/income ratio 35.0% 35.2% 47.3%
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 10.00% 5.60% 9.51%
Employees as at reporting date 2,039 7,554 9,122
Business outlets 94 181 571
Customers 760,534 2,387,757 2,654,145

Group Corporates

in € million 1/1-30/6
2016
1/1-30/6
2015
Change Q2/2016 Q1/2016 Change
Net interest income 150 172 (12.6)% 64 86 (25.4)%
Net fee and commission income 29 37 (22.3)% 13 16 (20.6)%
Net trading income 4 0 1 3 (68.8)%
Recurring other net operating income 1 1 (0.3)% 1 0 373.3%
Operating income 184 210 (12.1)% 79 106 (25.4)%
General administrative expenses (75) (59) 27.3% (40) (35) 12.7%
Operating result 109 151 (27.6)% 39 70 (44.6)%
Net provisioning for impairment losses (62) (122) (49.0)% (59) (3) >500.0%
Other results 0 (7) 5 (5)
Profit/loss before tax 47 22 115.8% (16) 63
Income taxes (11) (5) 103.5% 5 (16)
Profit/loss after tax 36 16 119.9% (11) 47
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 8,352 9,267 (9.9)% 8,352 8,210 1.7%
Assets 14,602 15,726 (7.1)% 14,602 14,358 1.7%
Net interest margin (average interest
bearing assets)
2.13% 2.05% 0.08 PP 1.79% 2.46% (0.67) PP
Return on equity before tax 8.4% 3.9% 4.5 PP 22.6%

The improvement in net income in the Group Corporates segment was mainly due to lower net provisioning for impairment losses, after impairment losses on loans and advances to large corporate customers – above all from the Donbass region – burdened profit before tax in the comparable period of the previous year. This was set against a declining operating income and higher general administrative expenses.

Operating income

Net interest income declined 13 per cent, or €22 million, to € 150 million. This was mainly due to lower lending volumes and declining margins in the corporate customer business (Austrian and multinational corporate customers serviced from Vienna). In contrast, higher interest-like extraordinary income, especially from real estate financing, had a positive effect. The net interest margin in the segment increased 8 basis points to 2.13 per cent due to lower average interest-bearing assets.

Net fee and commission income declined 22 per cent, or €8 million, to €29 million. Lower fee and commission income from export and investment financing, liquidity management services and bond trading, as well as a reclassification of net fee and commission income items as net trading income, was partly offset by higher net fee and commission income from bond issues.

The increase of €5 million in net trading income was the result of the above-mentioned reclassification.

General administrative expenses

General administrative expenses increased 27 per cent, or € 16 million, to € 75 million. Due to the pro rata cost allocation to the segment, the main increase was in staff expenses and other administrative expenses. The increase in staff expenses at Group head office resulted from the release of bonus provisions in the previous year and the modification of the salary scheme. The cost/income ratio increased 12.6 percentage points to 40.8 per cent.

Net provisioning for impairment losses

Net provisioning for impairment losses declined 49 per cent year-on-year, or € 60 million, to € 62 million. In the comparable period in the previous year, individual provisions for losses on loans to large corporate customers, especially from the Donbass region, were significantly higher. The share of non-bank non-performing loans in the segment's loan portfolio declined 3.1 percentage points since the beginning of the year to 6.3 per cent.

Other results and taxes

Other results improved €7 million to almost zero. This was mainly the result of a € 10 million rise in income from financial investments, which came from real estate financing. This was offset by a € 3 million increase in expenses for bank levies (€ 10 million).

Income tax expense increased €6 million to € 11 million as a result of higher income. The tax rate was 24 per cent.

Group Markets

1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6
in € million 2016 2015 Change Q2/2016 Q1/2016 Change
Net interest income 29 45 (35.2)% 13 16 (14.5)%
Net fee and commission income 57 67 (15.4)% 30 26 16.1%
Net trading income 55 36 53.5% 28 27 4.3%
Recurring other net operating income 5 6 (21.2)% 2 2 (0.3)%
Operating income 145 153 (5.4)% 74 71 4.4%
General administrative expenses (104) (108) (3.5)% (53) (51) 2.8%
Operating result 41 45 (10.0)% 21 20 8.6%
Net provisioning for impairment losses 5 (1) 2 4 (53.6)%
Other results 15 (8) 5 10 (46.5)%
Profit/loss before tax 61 36 67.7% 28 33 (14.4)%
Income taxes (15) (8) 74.2% (7) (8) (12.5)%
Profit/loss after tax 46 28 65.7% 21 25 (15.0)%
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 3,490 5,283 (33.9)% 3,490 4,243 (17.8)%
Assets 15,185 14,651 3.6% 15,185 15,797 (3.9)%
Net interest margin (average interest
bearing assets)
0.54% 0.86% (0.32) PP 0.45% 0.62% (0.17) PP
Return on equity before tax 21.9% 12.7% 9.2 PP 19.9% 22.9% (3.0) PP

Profit before tax in the Group Markets segment increased 68 per cent, or €25 million, to €61 million. This was mainly due to improved net income from financial investments and net trading income. In contrast, net interest income declined steeply due to lower business volumes.

Operating income

Net interest income decreased 35 per cent, or € 16 million, to € 29 million. This was mainly the result of a decline in the repo business – due to the excess liquidity in the market – and a decline in the corporate finance business because of lower volumes. Interest income from loans and securities also decreased as a result of lower volumes resulting from the reduction of a securities portfolio in the bank book. The contribution to net interest income from Kathrein Privatbank AG fell € 1 million due to lower current income from shares in affiliated companies. The net interest margin declined 32 basis points to 0.54 per cent.

Net fee and commission income declined €10 million year-on-year to € 57 million. Higher income from investment banking and cash management was offset by reduced income from the securities business due to lower volumes and the reclassification of income items (from the securities business with institutional customers) as net trading income. In addition, income generated by Kathrein Privatbank AG in the securities business decreased € 1 million.

Net trading income rose 54 per cent, or €19 million, to €55 million. Increased volumes in the business with institutional investors had a positive impact, while losses resulted from the suspension of the minimum exchange rate for the Swiss franc in the previous year. Despite the withdrawal from individual markets and the discontinuation of business with specific customer groups, a slight increase was also reported in banknote trading due to improved margins. Raiffeisen Centrobank AG's contribution to income declined €3 million as higher income from trading book was reported in the previous year.

Recurring other net operating income declined €1 million to € 5 million.

General administrative expenses

General administrative expenses declined 4 per cent, or € 4 million, to € 104 million due to a lower cost allocation with respect to other administrative expenses. The cost/income ratio increased 1.4 percentage points year-on-year to 71.9 per cent.

Net provisioning for impairment losses

Net releases of individual loan loss provisions for financial institutions amounted to €5 million in the reporting period. The share of non-performing loans in relation to the segment's total credit exposure was 1.4 per cent.

Other results and taxes

Other results increased €22 million year-on-year to € 15 million. This increase was the result of an €18 million improvement in net income from financial investments based on the sale of bonds and on valuation gains.

Due to higher income, the income tax expense increased € 6 million to €15 million. The tax rate was 24 per cent.

Corporate Center

1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6
in € million 2016 2015 Change Q2/2016 Q1/2016 Change
Net interest income 251 749 (66.6)% 233 17 >500.0%
Net fee and commission income 9 (1) 4 5 (29.4)%
Net trading income (19) (80) (76.1)% 16 (36)
Recurring other net operating income 55 62 (10.1)% 39 16 141.7%
Operating income 296 730 (59.5)% 293 3 >500.0%
General administrative expenses (178) (174) 2.5% (78) (101) (22.7)%
Operating result 117 556 (78.9)% 215 (98)
Net provisioning for impairment losses (10) (2) >500.0% (23) 13
Other results (86) (19) 359.9% (42) (45) (6.0)%
Profit/loss before tax 21 535 (96.1)% 150 (129)
Income taxes 7 13 (48.0)% 0 6 (94.8)%
Profit/loss after tax 28 548 (95.0)% 150 (122)
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 14,397 15,756 (8.6)% 14,397 15,288 (5.8)%
Assets 22,797 30,373 (24.9)% 22,797 24,374 (6.5)%

This segment essentially comprises net income from Group head office's governance functions and from other Group units. As a result, its net income is generally more volatile. Profit before tax declined €515 million year-on-year to €21 million due to lower dividend income from central and eastern European Group units, as well as a decline in net income from derivatives.

Operating income

Net interest income fell 67 per cent year-on-year, or € 499 million, to € 251 million. This was mainly due to a decline of €465 million in dividend income from central and eastern European Group units, after extra dividend income was incurred in the year prior, particularly in Russia and Belarus. Interest income from intra-Group refinancing also declined due to decreasing financing volumes.

Net fee and commission income increased € 9 million year-on-year. This increase resulted mainly from higher income from cash management, while net fee and commission income from the loan and guarantee business declined due to lower volumes.

Net trading income improved 76 per cent year-on-year, or € 61 million, to minus € 19 million. This was mainly due to a loss of €70 million booked in the previous year from a hedging transaction for dividend income in Russian roubles as well as currencybased valuation gains from a property company.

Recurring other net operating income fell 10 per cent, or €6 million, to €55 million. This decline primarily resulted from lower income from intra-Group service charges.

General administrative expenses

General administrative expenses rose 3 per cent, or € 4 million, to € 178 million due to increased staff expenses resulting from a higher cost allocation.

Net provisioning for impairment losses

Net provisioning for impairment losses mainly for corporate customers of Group head office amounted to €10 million in the reporting period, after a provisioning requirement of € 2 million in the comparable period in the previous year.

Other results and taxes

Other results decreased €68 million to minus € 86 million.

The development of net income from derivatives and liabilities was negative, declining €90 million to minus € 68 million, as a result of the valuation of bank book derivatives and own issues. In contrast, net income from financial investments improved € 24 million to € 7 million, due primarily to income of €16 million from the sale of Visa Europe shares to Visa Inc. at Group head office and valuation gains from the bond portfolio.

The segment reported expenses for bank levies of € 18 million, which was € 6 million lower than in the comparable period in the previous year.

Net income from the disposal of Group assets amounted to minus € 8 million, after a profit of €3 million in the comparable period in the previous year. This effect mainly resulted from the deconsolidation of several Group units on grounds of immateriality.

Tax income of € 7 million was posted in the reporting period after €13 million in the comparable period in the previous year.

Non-Core

1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6
in € million 2016 20151 Change Q2/2016 Q1/2016 Change
Net interest income 163 208 (21.3)% 77 86 (10.1)%
Net fee and commission income 81 83 (2.3)% 42 39 9.5%
Net trading income 2 7 (78.0)% (4) 6
Recurring other net operating income 0 10 (97.2)% (1) 1
Operating income 247 308 (19.9)% 115 132 (13.1)%
General administrative expenses (209) (206) 1.6% (108) (102) 6.0%
Operating result 37 102 (63.4)% 7 30 (77.2)%
Net provisioning for impairment losses (149) (96) 55.0% (138) (11) >500.0%
Other results 9 (1) 16 (6)
Profit/loss before tax (103) 4 (116) 13
Income taxes (29) (14) 104.8% (10) (19) (49.4)%
Profit/loss after tax (131) (10) >500.0% (125) (6) >500.0%
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 9,672 12,510 (22.7)% 9,672 10,638 (9.1)%
Assets 16,484 19,969 (17.5)% 16,484 17,825 (7.5)%
Net interest margin (average interest
bearing assets)
2.00% 2.07% (0.07) PP 1.93% 2.08% (0.15) PP
Return on equity before tax 0.6% 3.6%

1 Restated in accordance with IAS 8.41. Please see the 2015 Annual Report for details.

The Non-Core segment encompasses those business areas which are to be sold or reduced in line with RBI's strategic review, as laid out in 2015. The sale of the Raiffeisen bank in Slovenia closed in June 2016. In the other Group units in the segment – except for Poland – business volumes are undergoing planned reductions. A sale is still planned in Poland, but will take more time on account of the complex structure of the transaction.

In the course of the acquisition of Polbank in 2012, RBI made a commitment to the Polish regulatory authority to list the shares of Raiffeisen Bank Polska S.A. on the Warsaw Stock Exchange with a free float of at least 15 per cent by 30 June 2016. In May 2016, the Polish regulatory authority agreed that the commitment with respect to an initial public offering would be fulfilled, if the sale of Raiffeisen Bank Polska S.A. to a listed Polish bank takes place before the end of 2016. A spin-off of the banking operations without the Swiss franc portfolio is intended within the scope of the sale. The Swiss franc portfolio would subsequently be transferred to a Polish branch of RBI AG.

The segment's profit before tax declined € 107 million to minus € 103 million, mainly as a result of higher net provisioning for impairment losses, particularly in Asia, and lower operating income due to the planned reduction in volumes. General administrative expenses increased, largely due to higher staff expenses in Poland.

Operating income

Net interest income was down 21 per cent year-on-year, or € 44 million, to € 163 million. Asia reported the largest decline, with a volume-related reduction of 65 per cent, or € 34 million, to €19 million. In Poland, the continuing low market interest rate level reduced net interest income by 2 per cent, or € 2 million, to €127 million. The €2 million decrease in Slovenia is attributable to lower lending volumes. The net interest margin fell 7 basis points to 2.00 per cent.

Net fee and commission income declined 2 per cent year-on-year, or € 2 million, to € 81 million. Net income from the loan and guarantee business decreased €4 million to € 13 million due to lower volumes, particularly in Asia and Poland. In contrast, net income from the sale of own and third party products increased € 3 million to €14 million, especially in Poland.

Net trading income decreased € 6 million to € 2 million. Net income from currency-based transactions decreased €5 million due to valuation losses on foreign currency positions in Asia. Net income from interest-based transactions remained virtually unchanged.

Recurring other net operating income declined €9 million to almost zero due to losses from the disposal of tangible and intangible fixed assets in Poland (down €5 million), lower income from the allocation and release of other provisions and lower income from non-banking activities.

General administrative expenses

General administrative expenses increased 2 per cent year-on-year, or € 3 million, to € 209 million. Staff expenses increased €4 million to €102 million. Staff expenses in Asia declined 30 per cent, or € 4 million, reflecting the workforce reduction. In Poland, staff expenses rose €9 million to €78 million due to an increase in provisions for unused vacations and the release of bonus provisions in the same period of the previous year. The average number of staff during the reporting period fell 8 per cent year-onyear to 5,801. Other administrative expenses declined € 2 million, particularly due to lower IT and advertising expenses in Poland. An impairment of the Polbank brand increased expenses by € 3 million. The number of business outlets was reduced by 46 to 327. The reduction included 31 branches in Poland due to the branch optimization, 13 branches in Slovenia due to the sale of the Group unit there, and the closure of 1 branch each in China and Malaysia. The cost/income ratio rose 17.9 percentage points to 84.9 per cent.

Net provisioning for impairment losses

Net provisioning for impairment losses rose 55 per cent year-on-year, or € 53 million, to € 149 million. The main driver of this increase was Asia, where an additional € 51 million in net provisioning for impairment losses was required to cover existing nonperforming loans to corporate customers. In the US, net provisioning for impairment losses was €27 million in connection with corporate customers which in most cases had already defaulted on their loans. This increased net provisioning by € 23 million. In Poland, net provisioning for impairment losses related mainly to corporate customers and amounted to € 16 million, € 13 million less than the previous year's comparable period.

The proportion of non-bank non-performing loans in the segment's loan portfolio remained almost unchanged compared to the year-end at 15.3 per cent.

Other results and taxes

The segment's other results rose €11 million year-on-year to €9 million. Net income from financial investments increased € 27 million primarily due to €22 million in income from the sale of Visa Europe shares to Visa Inc. (in Poland: € 18 million, ZUNO BANK AG: €4 million). This fully offset the €16 million in expenses for the newly-introduced bank levy in Poland.

Tax expense increased € 15 million year-on-year to €29 million. The increase was mainly the result of the higher tax expenses in Poland. The tax rate was 28 per cent.

Detailed results of individual countries and sub-segments:

1/1-30/6/2016
in € million
Asia Poland Slovenia USA
Net interest income 19 127 4 8
Net fee and commission income 3 73 3 2
Net trading income (5) 6 0 0
Recurring other net operating income 0 (1) 1 0
Operating income 17 205 8 10
General administrative expenses (23) (154) (11) (8)
Operating result (6) 51 (3) 3
Net provisioning for impairment losses (106) (16) 1 (27)
Other results (1) 2 1 3
Profit/loss before tax (113) 38 0 (22)
Income taxes (3) (26) 0 0
Profit/loss after tax (116) 12 0 (22)
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 957 7,908 98 551
Assets 1,521 13,574 124 426
Loans and advances to customers 1,026 9,501 69 331
hereof corporate % 100.0% 31.9% 84.0% 100.0%
hereof retail % 0.0% 68.0% 11.6% 0.0%
hereof foreign currency % 61.2% 54.1% 0.0% 7.3%
Deposits from customers 59 8,235 0 0
Loan/deposit ratio (net) 109.5%
Equity 1,586 0 15
Return on equity before tax 4.9%
Return on equity after tax 1.6%
Cost/income ratio 137.0% 75.2% 132.8% 75.7%
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 2.15% 1.91% 1.79% 3.11%
Employees as at reporting date 175 4,841 16 44
Business outlets 4 320 1 1
Customers 47 781,197 150 118

Asia: Some Asian entities are operated as branches; therefore no equity available.

Interim consolidated financial statements

(Interim report as at 30 June 2016)

Statement of comprehensive income

Income statement

in € million Notes 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/20151 Change
Interest income 2,051 2,532 (19.0)%
Interest expenses (595) (851) (30.1)%
Net interest income2 [2] 1,455 1,681 (13.4)%
Net provisioning for impairment losses [3] (403) (604) (33.3)%
Net interest income after provisioning 1,052 1,077 (2.3)%
Fee and commission income 937 960 (2.4)%
Fee and commission expense (217) (215) 0.9%
Net fee and commission income [4] 719 745 (3.4)%
Net trading income [5] 84 2 >500.0%
Net income from derivatives and liabilities [6] (62) (10) >500.0%
Net income from financial investments [7] 171 61 180.4%
General administrative expenses [8] (1,412) (1,388) 1.8%
Other net operating income2 [9] (101) (30) 242.0%
Net income from disposal of group assets [10] (2) (2) (31.6)%
Profit/loss before tax 450 455 (1.1)%
Income taxes [11] (182) (141) 29.4%
Profit/loss after tax 268 314 (14.8)%
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (58) (38) 50.2%
Consolidated profit/loss 210 276 (23.8)%

1 Restated in accordance with IAS 8.41. Please see the 2015 annual report for details.

2 Adaptation of previous year figures due to different allocation of negative interest.

Earnings per share

in € 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/20151 Change
Earnings per share 0.72 0.94 (0.22)

1 Restated in accordance with IAS 8.41. Please see the 2015 annual report for details.

Earnings per share are obtained by dividing consolidated profit by the average number of ordinary shares outstanding. As at 30 June 2016, the number of average ordinary shares outstanding was 292.4 million (30 June 2015: 292.4 million). As there were no conversion rights or options outstanding, a dilution of earnings per share did not occur.

Total Group equity Non-controlling interests
in € million 1/1-30/6
2016
1/1-30/6
20151
1/1-30/6
2016
1/1-30/6
20151
1/1-30/6
2016
1/1-30/6
20151
Profit/loss after tax 268 314 210 276 58 38
Items which are not reclassified to profit
and loss
(3) (2) (3) (2) 0 0
Remeasurements of defined benefit plans (4) (2) (4) (2) 0 0
Deferred taxes on items which are
not reclassified to profit and loss
1 1 1 1 0 0
Items that may be reclassified
subsequently to profit or loss
(11) 255 2 258 (13) (3)
Exchange differences 59 239 68 243 (9) (3)
Capital hedge (16) 15 (16) 15 0 0
Net gains (losses) on derivatives hedging
fluctuating cash flows
9 3 8 3 1 0
Net gains (losses) on financial assets
available-for-sale
(73) 2 (67) 2 (6) 0
Deferred taxes on income and expenses

Other comprehensive income and total comprehensive income

1 Restated in accordance with IAS 8.41. Please see the 2015 annual report for details.

The development of exchange differences is driven particularly by the appreciation of the Russian rouble by 13 per cent with a positive effect of €166 million and the appreciation of the Croatian kuna by 1 per cent with a positive effect of € 10 million whereas the devaluation of the Polish zloty by 4 per cent caused a reduction of €63 million, the devaluation of the Belarusian rouble by 10 per cent caused a reduction of € 31 million and the devaluation of the Ukrainian hryvnia by 5 per cent caused a reduction of €9 million. In the comparable period of the previous year a total positive effect of € 239 million was primarily caused by the appreciation of the Russian rouble and the Polish zloty.

directly recognized in equity 10 (5) 8 (5) 1 0 Other comprehensive income (14) 253 (1) 256 (13) (3) Total comprehensive income 254 567 209 532 45 35

There was a negative result from a capital hedge of € 16 million, in particular caused by the appreciation of the Russian rouble.

Net gains and losses on financial assets available-for-sale were influenced by the sale of Visa Europe Ltd. shares to Visa Inc. and led to a transfer of the valuation result in the amount of € 80 million to the income statement with a corresponding effect on deferred taxes directly booked in equity.

Quarterly results

in € million Q3/20151 Q4/2015 Q1/2016 Q2/2016
Net interest income 814 832 718 738
Net provisioning for impairment losses (191) (469) (106) (297)
Net interest income after provisioning 623 363 612 440
Net fee and commission income 384 390 347 372
Net trading income (14) 29 28 56
Net income from derivatives and liabilities 20 (15) (27) (34)
Net income from financial investments 7 0 26 145
General administrative expenses (713) (813) (718) (694)
Other net operating income (64) 15 (41) (61)
Net income from disposal of group assets 10 34 2 (3)
Profit/loss before tax 253 3 229 221
Income taxes (52) (83) (91) (91)
Profit/loss after tax 201 (81) 138 130
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (16) (2) (24) (34)
Consolidated profit/loss 186 (83) 114 96
1 Restated in accordance with IAS 8.41. Please see the 2015 annual report for details.
in € million Q3/2014 Q4/2014 Q1/2015 Q2/20151
Net interest income 940 895 820 861
Net provisioning for impairment losses (515) (667) (260) (343)
Net interest income after provisioning 425 228 560 518
Net fee and commission income 404 417 360 385
Net trading income 30 (68) (62) 64
Net income from derivatives and liabilities 103 28 20 (29)
Net income from financial investments 23 (39) 64 (3)
General administrative expenses (776) (728) (691) (697)
Other net operating income (225) (445) (63) 33
Net income from disposal of group assets 1 0 1 (3)
Profit/loss before tax (16) (607) 188 267
Income taxes (96) (239) (88) (53)
Profit/loss after tax (112) (846) 100 214
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (7) 4 (17) (22)
Consolidated profit/loss (119) (842) 83 192

1 Restated in accordance with IAS 8.41. Please see the 2015 annual report for details.

Statement of financial position

Assets
in € million
Notes 30/6/2016 31/12/2015 Change
Cash reserve [13] 9,424 13,212 (28.7)%
Loans and advances to banks [14, 41] 13,747 10,837 26.9%
Loans and advances to customers [15, 41] 70,825 69,921 1.3%
Impairment losses on loans and advances [16] (5,380) (6,055) (11.2)%
Trading assets [17, 41] 5,414 5,814 (6.9)%
Derivatives [18, 41] 1,600 1,574 1.7%
Financial investments [19, 41] 14,812 15,244 (2.8)%
Intangible fixed assets [20] 606 621 (2.4)%
Tangible fixed assets [21] 1,438 1,473 (2.4)%
Other assets [22, 41] 1,482 1,786 (17.0)%
Total assets 113,969 114,427 (0.4)%
Equity and liabilities
in € million Notes 30/6/2016 31/12/2015 Change
Deposits from banks [23, 41] 16,655 16,369 1.7%
Deposits from customers [24, 41] 68,941 68,991 (0.1)%
Debt securities issued [25, 41] 7,397 7,502 (1.4)%
Provisions for liabilities and charges [26, 41] 760 814 (6.6)%
Trading liabilities [27, 41] 5,455 5,092 7.1%
Derivatives [28, 41] 845 984 (14.1)%
Other liabilities [29, 41] 1,051 2,010 (47.7)%
Subordinated capital [30, 41] 4,141 4,164 (0.6)%
Equity [31] 8,725 8,501 2.6%
Consolidated equity 7,973 7,588 5.1%
Consolidated profit/loss 210 379 (44.5)%
Non-controlling interests 541 535 1.3%
Total equity and liabilities 113,969 114,427 (0.4)%

Statement of changes in equity

in € million Subscribed
capital
Capital
reserves
Retained
earnings
Consolidated
profit/loss
Non-controlling
interests
Total
Equity as at 1/1/2016 892 4,994 1,702 379 535 8,501
Capital increases/decreases 0 0 0 0 0 0
Transferred to retained earnings 0 0 379 (379) 0 0
Dividend payments 0 0 0 0 (40) (40)
Total comprehensive income 0 0 (1) 210 45 254
Own shares/share incentive program 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other changes 0 0 8 0 2 10
Equity as at 30/6/2016 892 4,994 2,088 210 541 8,725
in € million Subscribed
capital
Capital
reserves
Retained
earnings
Consolidated
profit/loss
Non-controlling
interests
Total
Equity 1/1/20151 892 4,991 2,417 (617) 495 8,178
Capital increases/decreases 0 0 0 0 0 0
Transferred to retained earnings 0 0 (617) 617 0 0
Dividend payments 0 0 0 0 (51) (51)
Total comprehensive income 0 0 256 276 35 567
Own shares/share incentive program 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other changes 0 0 (43) 0 0 (43)
Equity as at 30/6/2015 892 4,992 2,013 276 478 8,651

1 Restated in accordance with IAS 8.41. Please see the 2015 annual report for details.

Statement of cash flows

in € million 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/20151
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of previous period2 13,483 6,769
Cash from disposal of subsidiaries (152) 0
Net cash from operating activities (3,614) 810
Net cash from investing activities (280) 1,603
Net cash from financing activities (122) 23
Effect of exchange rate changes 109 254
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of period 9,424 9,459

1 Restated in accordance with IAS 8.41. Please see the 2015 annual report for details.

2 Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the previous period differ from the item cash reserve on statement of financial position due to IFRS 5 presentation of Raiffeisen Banka d.d., Maribor and ZUNO BANK AG, Vienna

Segment reporting

As a rule, internal management reporting at RBI is based on the current organizational structure. This matrix structure means that each member of the Management Board is responsible both for individual countries and for specific business activities (country and functional responsibility model). A cash generating unit within the Group is either a country or a business activity. Accordingly, the RBI management bodies – Management Board and Supervisory Board – make key decisions that determine the resources allocated to any given segment based on its financial strength and profitability, which is why these reporting criteria are an essential component in the decision-making process. Thus, the division into segments was also undertaken in accordance with IFRS 8. The reconciliation contains mainly the amounts resulting from the elimination of intra-group results and consolidation between the segments.

This results in the following segments:

  • Central Europe (Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia)
  • Southeastern Europe (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, Romania and Serbia)
  • Eastern Europe (Belarus, Russia and Ukraine)
  • Group Corporates (large corporate business activities with Austrian and multinational customers operated from Vienna)
  • Group Markets (capital market-based customer and proprietary business operated from Vienna)
  • Corporate Center (central control functions at Group head office and other Group units)
  • Non-Core (Asia, Poland, Slovenia, USA and direct bank Zuno)
1/1-30/6/2016
in € million
Central
Europe
Southeastern
Europe
Eastern
Europe
Group
Corporates
Group
Markets
Net interest income 323 372 418 150 29
Net fee and commission income 188 189 179 29 57
Net trading income 13 30 34 4 55
Recurring other net operating income 2 3 (4) 1 5
Operating income 525 594 627 184 145
General administrative expenses (314) (334) (235) (75) (104)
Operating result 211 260 392 109 41
Net provisioning for impairment losses (33) (72) (79) (62) 5
Other results 34 (3) 12 0 15
Profit/loss before tax 212 186 324 47 61
Income taxes (40) (28) (67) (11) (15)
Profit/loss after tax 172 157 257 36 46
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (36) 0 (22) (1) 0
Profit/loss after deduction of non-controlling interests 136 157 234 35 46
Risk-weighted assets (credit risk) 11,049 11,797 9,132 7,745 1,650
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 13,241 14,210 11,315 8,352 3,490
Total capital requirement 1,059 1,137 905 668 279
Assets 28,055 21,777 14,397 14,602 15,185
Liabilities 25,645 18,774 12,344 11,170 17,085
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 2.43% 3.61% 6.57% 2.13% 0.54%
NPL ratio 7.1% 11.3% 17.4% 6.3% 1.4%
NPL coverage ratio 69.2% 72.9% 84.0% 47.2% 62.8%
Cost/income ratio 59.7% 56.1% 37.5% 40.8% 71.9%
Provisioning ratio (average loans and advances to
customers)
0.34% 1.09% 1.59% 0.89% (0.40)%
Average equity 1,765 1,865 1,616 1,122 554
Return on equity before tax 24.0% 19.9% 40.1% 8.4% 21.9%
Business outlets 407 1,054 847 1 5
1/1-30/6/2016
in € million
Corporate
Center
Non-Core Reconciliation Total
Net interest income 251 163 (251) 1,455
Net fee and commission income 9 81 (11) 719
Net trading income (19) 2 (34) 84
Recurring other net operating income 55 0 (37) 25
Operating income 296 247 (334) 2,284
General administrative expenses (178) (209) 37 (1,412)
Operating result 117 37 (297) 871
Net provisioning for impairment losses (10) (149) (3) (403)
Other results (86) 9 1 (18)
Profit/loss before tax 21 (103) (298) 450
Income taxes 7 (29) 2 (182)
Profit/loss after tax 28 (131) (297) 268
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (2) 0 4 (58)
Profit/loss after deduction of non-controlling interests 26 (131) (293) 210
Risk-weighted assets (credit risk) 12,788 8,260 (12,109) 50,312
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 14,397 9,672 (12,954) 61,722
Total capital requirement 1,152 774 (1,036) 4,938
Assets 22,797 16,484 (19,328) 113,969
Liabilities 18,402 14,595 (12,770) 105,244
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 2.00% 2.76%
NPL ratio 15.3% 10.4%
NPL coverage ratio 71.3% 72.1%
Cost/income ratio 60.4% 84.9% 61.8%
Provisioning ratio (average loans and advances to customers) 2.59% 1.11%
Average equity 2,005 1,450 (1,863) 8,514
Return on equity before tax 3.4% 10.6%
Business outlets 0 327 2,641
1/1-30/6/2015
in € million
Central
Europe
Southeastern
Europe
Eastern
Europe1
Group
Corporates
Group
Markets
Net interest income 329 398 505 172 45
Net fee and commission income 197 178 194 37 67
Net trading income 26 25 (10) 0 36
Recurring other net operating income (20) 8 (9) 1 6
Operating income 532 610 680 210 153
General administrative expenses (294) (321) (269) (59) (108)
Operating result 238 289 410 151 45
Net provisioning for impairment losses (64) (83) (238) (122) (1)
Other results (9) (10) 73 (7) (8)
Profit/loss before tax 165 196 245 22 36
Income taxes (38) (26) (61) (5) (8)
Profit/loss after tax 126 170 185 16 28
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (35) (1) (5) 0 0
Profit/loss after deduction of non-controlling interests 91 169 179 16 28
Risk-weighted assets (credit risk) 11,481 11,872 12,389 8,493 2,639
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 13,649 14,316 14,631 9,267 5,283
Total capital requirement 1,092 1,145 1,170 741 423
Assets 25,079 21,299 17,498 15,726 14,651
Liabilities 22,790 18,367 15,494 10,682 21,159
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing
assets)
2.75% 3.97% 6.20% 2.05% 0.86%
NPL ratio 8.4% 12.8% 16.7% 8.3% 13.5%
NPL coverage ratio 71.4% 68.5% 84.3% 60.2% 67.6%
Cost/income ratio 55.3% 52.6% 39.6% 28.2% 70.5%
Provisioning ratio (average loans and
advances to customers)
0.69% 1.25% 3.78% 1.54% 0.08%
Average equity 1,703 1,703 1,691 1,116 571
Return on equity before tax 19.3% 23.1% 29.0% 3.9% 12.7%
Business outlets 407 1,072 924 1 4

1 Restated in accordance with IAS 8.41. Please see the 2015 annual report for details.

Net interest income
Net fee and commission income
Net trading income
749
(1)
(80)
62
208
83
7
(726)
(10)
1,681
745
(1) 2
Recurring other net operating income 10 (41) 16
Operating income 730 308 (778) 2,444
General administrative expenses (174) (206) 44 (1,388)
Operating result 556 102 (735) 1,056
Net provisioning for impairment losses (2) (96) 3 (604)
Other results (19) (1) (17) 3
Profit/loss before tax 535 4 (749) 455
Income taxes 13 (14) 0 (141)
Profit/loss after tax 548 (10) (749) 314
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (12) 0 15 (38)
Profit/loss after deduction of non-controlling interests 536 (10) (734) 276
Risk-weighted assets (credit risk) 14,697 10,803 (14,901) 57,472
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 15,756 12,510 (15,462) 69,950
Total capital requirement 1,261 1,001 (1,237) 5,596
Assets 30,373 19,969 (24,993) 119,602
Liabilities 23,126 17,658 (18,325) 110,951
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 2.07% 3.00%
NPL ratio 14.9% 12.0%
NPL coverage ratio 55.5% 66.8%
Cost/income ratio 23.9% 67.0% 56.8%
Provisioning ratio (average loans and advances to
customers)
1.31% 1.52%
Average equity 2,091 1,486 (1,988) 8,372
Return on equity before tax 51.2% 0.6% 10.9%
Business outlets 0 373 2,781

1 Restated in accordance with IAS 8.41. Please see the 2015 annual report for details.

Notes

Principles underlying the consolidated financial statements

Principles of preparation

The condensed interim consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) published by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the international accounting standards adopted by the EU on the basis of IAS Regulation (EC) 1606/2002 including the applicable interpretations of the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC/SIC). The condensed consolidated interim financial statements as at 30 June 2016 are prepared in accordance with IAS 34.

Some IFRS explanatory notes which are included outside the interim consolidated financial statements are an integral part of the interim consolidated financial statements. These are mainly explanations on net income from segments, which are included in the notes on segment reporting. In addition to the disclosures pursuant to IFRS 7 which are included in the notes, the risk report section in particular contains detailed information on credit risk, concentration risk, market risk and liquidity risk. This information is presented in accordance with IAS 34, IFRS 8 "Operating Segments" and IFRS 7 "Financial Instruments Disclosures".

The same recognition and measurement principles and consolidation methods were fundamentally applied in the interim reporting, as those used in preparing the consolidated financial statements 2015 (see Annual Report 2015, page 203 ff). Standards and interpretations to be applied in the EU from 1 January 2016 onward were accounted for in this interim report.

The interim report as at 30 June 2016 underwent a review carried out by the certified auditor KPMG Austria GmbH Wirtschaftsprüfungs- und Steuerberatungsgesellschaft, Vienna.

Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

If estimates or assessments are necessary for accounting and measuring under IAS/IFRS rules, they are made in accordance with the respective standards. They are based on past experience and other factors, such as planning and expectations or forecasts of future events that appear likely from the current perspective. This primarily affects impairment losses in the credit business, the fair value and the impairment of financial instruments, deferred taxes, provisions for pensions and pension-related liabilities, and calculations used to determine the recoverability of goodwill and the intangible asset values capitalized in the course of the initial consolidation. The actual values may deviate from the estimated figures.

Application of new and revised standards

A number of new or amended standards became applicable for the first time for the period under review. The first-time application of the new and revised IFRS standards had no material impact on the interim consolidated financial statements as the amendments were only applicable to a limited extent.

Standards and interpretations not yet applicable

IFRS 9 (Financial Instruments; entry into force 1 January 2018)

The published IFRS 9 (financial instruments) contains requirements for the classification, measurement, derecognition of and accounting for hedging relationships. The IASB published the final version of the standard within the context of completion of the various phases on 24 July 2014. Key requirements of IFRS 9 are:

According to IFRS 9, all financial assets must be measured at amortized cost or fair value. Specifically, debt investments that are held within a business model whose objective is to collect the contractual cash flows, and that have contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal outstanding are measured at amortized cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods. All other instruments must be measured at fair value.

IFRS 9 also includes an irrevocable option to recognize subsequent changes in the fair value of an equity instrument (not held for trading purposes) in other comprehensive income and to recognize only dividend income in the profit and loss statement.

With regard to the measurement of financial liabilities (designated as measured at fair value through profit or loss), IFRS 9 requires that changes in fair value arising out of changes in the default risk of the reporting entity are to be recognized in other comprehensive income. Changes in fair value attributable to a reporting entity's own credit risk may not be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss.

For subsequent measurement of financial assets measured at amortized cost, IFRS 9 provides for three stages which determine the future amount of losses to be recognized and the recognition of interest. The first stage requires that at the time of initial recognition, expected losses must be shown in the amount of the present value of an expected twelve-month loss. If there is a significant increase in the default risk, the risk provision must be increased up to the amount of the expected full lifetime loss (stage 2). When there is an objective indication of an impairment, the interest in stage 3 must be recognized on the basis of the net carrying amount.

In addition to transitional provisions, IFRS 9 also includes extensive provisions on disclosure both during transition and during ongoing application. New provisions relate in particular to impairment.

The Group anticipates that the application of IFRS 9 in the future may have an impact on amounts reported in respect of the Group's financial assets and financial liabilities. It is expected that overall, IFRS 9 will increase the level of risk provisions. This estimate is based on the requirement to recognize a risk provision in the amount of the expected loan defaults for the first twelve months even for those instruments where the credit risk has not increased significantly since initial recognition. Moreover, it is based on the estimate that the volume of assets for which the "lifetime expected loss" is applied is probably larger than the volume of assets where loss events pursuant to IAS 39 have already occurred. The mandatory date of the initial application of IFRS 9 will be 1 January 2018.

IFRS 15 (Revenue from contracts with customers; entry into force 1 January 2018)

The standard regulates when revenue is recognized and how much revenue is recognized. IFRS 15 replaces IAS 18 (Revenue), IAS 11 (Construction contracts) and a series of revenue-related interpretations. The application of IFRS 15 is obligatory for all IFRS users and is applicable to almost all contracts with customers – the material exemptions are leasing contracts, financial instruments and insurance contracts. The consequences for the Group are still being analyzed.

IFRS 16 (Leases; entry into force 1 January 2019)

For lessees, the new standard establishes an accounting model which does not distinguish between financial leasing and operating leasing. In future, most lease agreements will have to be recognized in the statement of financial position. For lessors, the rules under IAS 17 (Leases) remain largely valid, meaning that in future it will still also be necessary to distinguish between financial and operating leasing with corresponding different accounting consequences. The consequences for the Group are still being analyzed.

Currencies

2016 2015
As at Average As at Average
Rates in units per € 30/6 1/1-30/6 31/12 1/1-30/6
Albanian lek (ALL) 137.200 138.097 137.280 140.337
Belarusian rouble (BYR) 22,505.000 22,326.000 20,300.000 16,216.286
Bosnian marka (BAM) 1.955 1.955 1.956 1.956
Bulgarian lev (BGN) 1.956 1.956 1.956 1.956
Croatian kuna (HRK) 7.528 7.568 7.638 7.632
Czech koruna (CZK) 27.131 27.050 27.023 27.512
Hungarian forint (HUF) 317.060 313.827 315.980 308.096
Kazakh tenge (KZT) 376.406 381.334 371.310 207.959
Malaysian Ringgit (MYR) 4.430 4.528 4.696 4.090
Polish zloty (PLN) 4.436 4.362 4.264 4.152
Romanian leu (RON) 4.523 4.503 4.524 4.444
Russian rouble (RUB) 71.520 77.250 80.674 65.910
Serbian dinar (RSD) 123.130 122.839 121.626 120.889
Singapore dollar (SGD) 1.496 1.532 1.542 1.516
Swiss franc (CHF) 1.087 1.087 1.087 1.087
Ukrainian hryvnia (UAH) 27.639 28.204 26.223 23.431
US-Dollar (USD) 1.110 1.111 1.089 1.126

Consolidated group

Fully consolidated Equity method
Number of units 30/6/2016 31/12/2015 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
As at beginning of period 120 135 0 0
Included for the first time in the financial period 3 15 0 0
Merged in the financial period 0 (2) 0 0
Excluded in the financial period (11) (28) 0 0
As at end of period 112 120 0 0

The companies consolidated for the first time are active in the leasing business. Nine entities were excluded due to immateriality and two companies were sold.

In the reporting period, Raiffeisenbank a.s., Prague, acquired Citibank's retail and credit card business in the Czech Republic. This business unit includes loans and advances to customers of € 201 million and customer deposits of € 669 million. With this acquisition, intangible assets of € 12 million were recognized, of which €10 million related to the customer base and € 2 million to acquired goodwill.

Notes to the income statement

(1) Income statement according to measurement categories

in € million 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/20151
Net income from financial assets and liabilities held-for-trading 195 121
Net income from financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or
loss
44 277
Net income from financial assets available-for-sale 165 13
Net income from loans and advances 1,343 1,502
Net income from financial assets held-to-maturity 77 77
Net income from financial liabilities measured at acquisition cost (595) (855)
Net income from derivatives (hedging) 77 105
Net revaluations from exchange differences (59) (110)
Sundry operating income and expenses (796) (676)
Profit/loss before tax 450 455

1 Restated in accordance with IAS 8.41. Please see the 2015 annual report for details.

(2) Net interest income

in € million 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/20151
Interest and interest-like income, total 2,051 2,532
Interest income 2,024 2,504
from balances at central banks 12 19
from loans and advances to banks 74 87
from loans and advances to customers 1,578 1,902
from financial investments 137 160
from leasing claims 79 88
from derivative financial instruments - economic hedge 66 135
from derivative financial instruments - hedge accounting 78 112
Current income 24 20
from shares and other variable-yield securities 0 1
from shares in affiliated companies 20 8
from other interests 3 11
Interest-like income 8 9
Negative interest from financial assets (5) (1)
Interest expenses and interest-like expenses, total (595) (851)
Interest expenses (583) (822)
on deposits from central banks (10) (35)
on deposits from banks (93) (101)
on deposits from customers (321) (498)
on debt securities issued (76) (96)
on subordinated capital (83) (92)
Interest-like expenses (19) (29)
Negative interest from financial liabilities 6 0
Total 1,455 1,681

1 Adaptation of previous year figures due to different allocation.

(3) Net provisioning for impairment losses

in € million 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/20151
Individual loan loss provisions (432) (595)
Allocation to provisions for impairment losses (877) (1,011)
Release of provisions for impairment losses 434 437
Direct write-downs (37) (71)
Income received on written-down claims 49 50
Portfolio-based loan loss provisions 27 (12)
Allocation to provisions for impairment losses (116) (198)
Release of provisions for impairment losses 143 186
Gains from loan termination or sale 2 3
Total (403) (604)

1 Restated in accordance with IAS 8.41. Please see the 2015 annual report for details.

(4) Net fee and commission income

in € million 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/2015
Payment transfer business 307 306
Loan and guarantee business 86 104
Securities business 65 70
Foreign currency, notes/coins, and precious metals business 187 187
Management of investment and pension funds 19 22
Sale of own and third party products 31 23
Other banking services 26 32
Total 719 745

(5) Net trading income

in € million 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/20151
Interest-based transactions 66 50
Currency-based transactions 49 (73)
Equity-/index-based transactions (25) 18
Other transactions (4) 6
Total 84 2

1 Adaptation of previous year figures due to different allocation.

In the previous year's period the item currency-based transactions included a valuation loss from a hedging transaction related to Russian rouble-denominated dividend income amounting to € 70 million. The refinancing expenses for trading assets that are included in net trading income amounted to € 14 million (comparable period: €13 million).

(6) Income from derivatives and liabilities

in € million 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/2015
Net income from hedge accounting (2) (7)
Net income from other derivatives (14) (126)
Net income from liabilities designated at fair value (46) 127
Income from repurchase of liabilities 0 (3)
Total (62) (10)

Net income from other derivatives includes valuation results from derivatives, which are held to hedge against market risks (except trading assets/liabilities). They are based on a non-homogeneous portfolio and do not satisfy the requirements for hedge accounting according to IAS 39.

Net income from liabilities designated at fair value comprises a loss from changes in own credit risk amounting to € 14 million (comparable period: profit of €12 million) and a loss from changes in market interest rates totaling €32 million (comparable period: profit of €115 million).

(7) Net income from financial investments

in € million 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/2015
Net income from securities held-to-maturity 13 1
Net proceeds from sales of securities 13 1
Net income from equity participations 140 (7)
Net valuations of equity participations (3) (10)
Net proceeds from sales of equity participations 143 3
Net income from securities at fair value through profit and loss 18 66
Net valuations of securities 14 65
Net proceeds from sales of securities 4 1
Net income from available-for-sale securities 1 1
Total 171 61

Net proceeds from sales of equity participations increased by € 140 million compared to the same period of the previous year. This was due to the sale of Visa Europe Ltd. shares to Visa Inc. in June 2016, which resulted in income of € 132 million. The € 80 million valuation result that had been recognized in other comprehensive income at year-end 2015 was transferred to the income statement in the reporting period.

(8) General administrative expenses

in € million 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/2015
Staff expenses (701) (656)
Other administrative expenses (569) (578)
hereof operating other administrative expenses (467) (478)
hereof regulatory other administrative expenses (103) (99)
Depreciation of tangible and intangible fixed assets (142) (154)
Total (1,412) (1,388)

Staff expenses

in € million 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/2015
Wages and salaries (540) (500)
Social security costs and staff-related taxes (127) (128)
Other voluntary social expenses (19) (19)
Sundry staff expenses (15) (9)
Total (701) (656)

Other administrative expenses

in € million 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/2015
Office space expenses (127) (138)
IT expenses (134) (127)
Communication expenses (34) (35)
Legal, advisory and consulting expenses (41) (41)
Advertising, PR and promotional expenses (41) (44)
Office supplies (11) (12)
Car expenses (8) (9)
Security expenses (17) (16)
Traveling expenses (7) (7)
Training expenses for staff (6) (6)
Sundry administrative expenses (41) (43)
Operating other administrative expenses (467) (478)
Deposit insurance fees (52) (58)
Resolution fund (51) (41)
Regulatory other administrative expenses (103) (99)
Total (569) (578)

Depreciation of tangible and intangible fixed assets

in € million 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/2015
Tangible fixed assets (55) (72)
Intangible fixed assets (71) (68)
Leased assets (operating lease) (16) (14)
Total (142) (154)
in € million 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/20151
Net income arising from non-banking activities 16 13
Rental income from operating lease (vehicles and equipment) 15 15
Rental income from investment property incl. operating lease (real estate) 21 23
Net proceeds from disposal of tangible and intangible fixed assets 2 0
Other taxes (38) (36)
Net expense from allocation and release of other provisions (12) (13)
Sundry operating income and expenses 20 14
Recurring other net operating income 25 16
Impairment of goodwill 0 (3)
Bank levies (82) (68)
Profit/loss from banking business due to governmental measures (44) 25
Total (101) (30)

(9) Other net operating income

1 Adaptation of previous year figures due to different allocation.

The "Walkaway Law" came into force in Romania in the second quarter of 2016. The expected take-up rate resulted in a charge to profit/loss from banking business due to governmental measures of € 43 million. In the previous year's period a provision in connection with the implementation of the "Settlement Act" in Hungary of € 33 million was released.

(10) Net income from disposal of group assets

In the reporting period, nine subsidiaries were excluded from the consolidated group due to immateriality. Moreover, two subsidiaries were excluded due to sale. Net income from disposal of group assets amounted to € 2 million. Moreover, a provision of €3 million for the expected loss from the sale of Raiffeisen Lízing Zrt., Budapest, was recognized.

in € million 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/2015
Net income from disposal of group assets 2 (2)
Impairment of assets held for sale (3) 0
Total (2) (2)

Income from disposal of group assets breaks down as follows:

in € million RBSI Others Total
Assets 545 127 672
Liabilities 492 101 593
Total identifiable net assets 53 26 79
Non-controlling interests 0 4 5
Net assets after non-controlling interests 53 21 75
Selling price/carrying amount 1 27 27
Effect from deconsolidation (53) 5 (48)
Usage of provision for assets held for sale (52) 0 (52)
Fair value reserve reclassified to income statement 1 0 1
FX reserve reclassified to income statement (4) 0 (4)
Net income from disposal of group assets (3) 5 2

RBSI: Raiffeisen Banka d.d., Maribor

(11) Income taxes

in € million 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/20151
Current income taxes (117) (85)
Austria (19) 1
Foreign (98) (85)
Deferred taxes (66) (56)
Total (182) (141)

1 Restated in accordance with IAS 8.41. Please see the 2015 annual report for details.

Notes to the statement of financial position

(12) Statement of financial position according to measurement categories

Assets according to measurement categories
in € million
30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Cash reserve 9,424 13,212
Trading assets 6,234 6,678
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 4,097 5,363
Financial assets available-for-sale 3,825 3,428
Loans and advances 80,580 75,646
Financial assets held-to-maturity 6,891 6,452
Derivatives (hedging) 780 709
Other assets 2,139 2,937
Total assets 113,969 114,427

Positive fair values of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments according to IAS 39 hedge accounting are reported in the measurement category trading assets. The measurement category financial assets available-for-sale comprises other affiliated companies, other equity participations, and non fixed-interest and fixed-interest securities. Loans and advances are reported on a net basis after provisions for impairment losses.

Equity and liabilities according to measurement categories
in € million
30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Trading liabilities 5,841 5,641
Financial liabilities 96,799 97,809
Liabilities at fair value through profit and loss 1,385 1,227
Derivatives (hedging) 459 435
Provisions for liabilities and charges 760 814
Equity 8,725 8,501
Total equity and liabilities 113,969 114,427

Negative fair values of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments according to IAS 39 hedge accounting are reported in the measurement category trading liabilities.

(13) Cash reserve

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Cash in hand 2,381 2,495
Balances at central banks 7,043 10,717
Total 9,424 13,212

(14) Loans and advances to banks

Loans and advances to banks classified regionally (counterparty's seat) are as follows:

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Austria 3,012 3,384
Foreign 10,735 7,453
Total 13,747 10,837

(15) Loans and advances to customers

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Credit business 44,342 44,551
Money market business 4,816 2,963
Mortgage loans 16,231 16,815
Purchased loans 1,741 1,775
Leasing claims 3,162 3,170
Claims evidenced by paper 533 647
Total 70,825 69,921
in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Sovereigns 657 814
Corporate customers – large corporates 42,079 41,685
Corporate customers – mid market 2,825 2,787
Retail customers – private individuals 22,411 21,878
Retail customers – small and medium-sized entities 2,854 2,757
Total 70,825 69,921

Loans and advances to customers classified regionally (counterparty's seat) are as follows:

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Austria 5,485 5,297
Foreign 65,340 64,624
Total 70,825 69,921

(16) Impairment losses on loans and advances

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Banks 72 120
Sovereigns 4 5
Corporate customers – large corporates 3,248 3,778
Corporate customers – mid market 268 289
Retail customers – private individuals 1,514 1,584
Retail customers – small and medium-sized entities 274 278
Total 5,380 6,055

The decline of impairment losses on loans and advances is mainly due to the derecognition of uncollectible loans from corporate business.

(17) Trading assets

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Bonds, notes and other fixed-interest securities 2,039 2,778
Shares and other variable-yield securities 156 203
Positive fair values of derivative financial instruments 3,219 2,833
Total 5,414 5,814

Pledged securities ready to be sold or repledged by transferee shown under trading assets amounted to € 169 million (31/12/2015: € 1,080 million).

(18) Derivatives

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Positive fair values of derivatives in fair value hedges (IAS 39) 774 692
Positive fair values of derivatives in cash flow hedges (IAS 39) 5 1
Positive fair values of derivatives in net investment hedge (IAS 39) 0 17
Positive fair values of other derivatives 820 864
Total 1,600 1,574

(19) Financial investments

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Bonds, notes and other fixed-interest securities 14,454 14,915
Shares and other variable-yield securities 8 6
Equity participations 350 322
Total 14,812 15,244

Pledged securities ready to be sold or repledged by the transferee shown under financial investments amounted to € 565 million (31/12/2015: € 260 million).

(20) Intangible fixed assets

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Software 511 531
Goodwill 42 40
Other intangible fixed assets 54 50
Total 606 621

(21) Tangible fixed assets

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Land and buildings used by the Group for own purpose 489 487
Other land and buildings (investment property) 447 471
Office furniture, equipment and other tangible fixed assets 232 231
Leased assets (operating lease) 271 285
Total 1,438 1,473

(22) Other assets

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Tax assets 259 323
Current tax assets 56 59
Deferred tax assets 203 263
Receivables arising from non-banking activities 53 64
Prepayments and other deferrals 135 132
Clearing claims from securities and payment transfer business 683 134
Lease in progress 63 44
Assets held for sale (IFRS 5) 19 774
Inventories 75 69
Valuation fair value hedge portfolio 48 24
Any other business 147 223
Total 1,482 1,786

Raiffeisen Bank Polska S.A., Warsaw, and Raiffeisen-Leasing Polska S.A., Warsaw, are involved in a legal dispute with the Polish tax authorities regarding a tax claim in the amount of € 20 million arising from a payment of tax for prior periods, which was paid in the course of a tax inspection in order to avoid late payment interest. The Management Board is however of the opinion that the payment of tax for prior periods was unfounded and expects a positive outcome for the bank from the dispute. The claim is therefore recognized in its full amount in the financial statements.

Application of IFRS 5

The decrease of the item assets held for sale is driven by the sale of Raiffeisen Banka d.d., Maribor, as at 30 June 2016, and the reclassification of ZUNO BANK AG due to the fact that the existing sales process was unsuccessful. Therefore a sale within a oneyear period is not likely.

(23) Deposits from banks

Deposits from banks classified regionally (counterparty's seat) break down as follows:

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Austria 7,246 6,004
Foreign 9,409 10,366
Total 16,655 16,369

(24) Deposits from customers

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Sight deposits 40,357 37,488
Time deposits 25,282 28,409
Savings deposits 3,301 3,094
Total 68,941 68,991
in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Sovereigns 1,259 1,713
Corporate customers – large corporates 28,903 30,644
Corporate customers – mid market 2,830 2,990
Retail customers – private individuals 30,593 28,548
Retail customers – small and medium-sized entities 5,356 5,096
Total 68,941 68,991

Deposits from customers classified regionally (counterparty's seat) are as follows:

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Austria 6,425 7,743
Foreign 62,515 61,248
Total 68,941 68,991

(25) Debt securities issued

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Bonds and notes issued 7,311 7,402
Money market instruments issued 83 94
Other debt securities issued 3 5
Total 7,397 7,502

(26) Provisions for liabilities and charges

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Severance payments and other 94 90
Retirement benefits 35 30
Taxes 144 136
Current 83 78
Deferred 61 57
Contingent liabilities and commitments 117 99
Pending legal issues 89 81
Overdue vacation 56 47
Bonus payments 113 130
Restructuring 14 15
Provisions for banking business due to governmental measures 48 115
Other 50 72
Total 760 814

As at 30 June 2016, the item other provisions includes provisions related to the resolution fund.

The decline of provisions for banking business due to governmental measures is due to the €43 million charge for the "Walkaway Law" in Romania and the usage of the provision for the law in Croatia to enforce the conversion of loans denominated in Swiss francs at the historical rates at the time of lending.

Significant outstanding litigation is detailed in the 2015 Annual Report.

(27) Trading liabilities

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Negative fair values of derivative financial instruments 4,281 3,943
Interest-based transactions 2,334 2,005
Currency-based transactions 605 784
Equity-/index-based transactions 1,227 1,024
Credit derivatives business 1 2
Other transactions 115 128
Short-selling of trading assets 454 453
Certificates issued 720 695
Total 5,455 5,092

(28) Derivatives

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Negative fair values of derivatives in fair value hedges (IAS 39) 187 195
Negative fair values of derivatives in cash flow hedges (IAS 39) 262 240
Negative fair values of derivatives in net investment hedge (IAS 39) 9 0
Negative fair values of other derivative financial instruments 386 549
Total 845 984

(29) Other liabilities

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Liabilities from non-banking activities 56 75
Accruals and deferred items 180 215
Liabilities from dividends 4 1
Clearing claims from securities and payment transfer business 480 168
Valuation fair value hedge portfolio 105 64
Liabilities held for sale (IFRS 5) 0 1,294
Other liabilities 226 193
Total 1,051 2,010

The decrease of the item liabilities held for sale is driven by the sale of Raiffeisen Banka d.d., Maribor, as at 30 June 2016, and the reclassification of ZUNO BANK AG due to the fact that the existing sales process was unsuccessful. Therefore a sale within a one-year period is not likely.

(30) Subordinated capital

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Hybrid tier 1 capital 397 397
Subordinated liabilities and supplementary capital 3,744 3,768
Total 4,141 4,164

(31) Equity

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Consolidated equity 7,973 7,588
Subscribed capital 892 892
Capital reserves 4,994 4,994
Retained earnings 2,088 1,702
Consolidated profit/loss 210 379
Non-controlling interests 541 535
Total 8,725 8,501

As at 30 June 2016 subscribed capital of RBI AG as defined by the articles of incorporation amounted to € 894 million. After deduction of 509,977 own shares, the stated subscribed capital totaled € 892 million.

(32) Transferred assets

The following table shows the carrying amount of transferred assets:

30/6/2016 Transferred assets Associated liabilities
Carrying
in € million
amount
hereof
hereof repurchase
securitizations
agreements
Carrying
amount
hereof
securitizations
hereof repurchase
agreements
Loans and advances 608 311 297 664 254 410
Trading assets 33 0 33 32 0 32
Financial investments 51 0 51 49 0 49
Total 692 311 381 745 254 491
31/12/2015 Transferred assets Associated liabilities
Carrying
in € million
amount
hereof
hereof repurchase
securitizations
agreements
Carrying
amount
hereof
securitizations
hereof repurchase
agreements
Loans and advances 390 328 63 324 268 55
Trading assets 288 0 288 252 0 252
Financial investments 38 0 38 36 0 36
Total 716 328 389 611 268 343

(33) Assets pledged as collateral and received financial assets

Significant limitations regarding the access or use of group assets:

30/6/2016 31/12/2015
in € million Pledged Otherwise restricted
with liabilities
Pledged Otherwise restricted
with liabilities
Loans and advances1 7,723 1,790 6,733 1,983
Trading assets2 169 48 1,078 56
Financial investments 816 196 573 7
Total 8,708 2,034 8,383 2,047

1 Without loans and advances from reverse repo and securities lending business.

2 Without derivatives.

The group received collateral, for which selling or repledging is permitted as long as no default occurs in the course of reverse repo transactions, securities lending, derivative or other transactions.

The following table shows securities and other financial assets accepted as collateral:

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Securities and other financial assets accepted as collateral which can be sold or
repledged
7,557 1,781
hereof which have been sold or repledged 1,368 308

(34) Offsetting of financial assets and liabilities

The disclosures set out in the tables below include financial assets and financial liabilities that are offset in the Group's statement of financial position, or are subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement that covers similar financial instruments, irrespective of whether they are offset in the statement of financial position or not.

30/6/2016 Gross amount Net amount Related amounts not set-off in
the statement of financial
position
Net
amount
in € million of recognized
assets set-off in
the statement of
financial position
of recognized
liabilities set-off in
the statement of
financial position
of recognized
assets set-off in
the statement
of financial
position
Financial
instruments
Cash collateral
received
Derivatives (legally enforceable) 5,529 1,199 4,330 2,863 26 1,440
Reverse repurchase, securities
lending & similar agreements
(legally enforceable)
6,551 0 6,551 6,527 0 24
Other financial instruments
(legally enforceable)
229 13 216 0 0 216
Total 12,308 1,212 11,096 9,390 26 1,679
30/6/2016 Gross amount Net amount Related amounts not set-off in
the statement of financial
position
Net
amount
in € million of recognized
liabilities set-off in
the statement of
financial position
of recognized
assets set-off in
the statement of
financial position
of recognized
liabilities set
off in the
statement of
financial
position
Financial
instruments
Cash collateral
pledged
Derivatives 5,006 1,199 3,807 2,462 206 1,138
Repurchase, securities lending &
similar agreements
904 0 904 882 0 22
Other financial instruments 106 13 93 0 0 93
Total 6,016 1,212 4,804 3,344 206 1,254
31/12/2015 Gross amount Net amount Related amounts not set-off in
the statement of financial
position
Net
amount
in € million of recognized
assets set-off in
the statement of
financial position
of recognized
liabilities set-off in
the statement of
financial position
of recognized
assets set-off
in the
statement of
financial
position
Financial
instruments
Cash collateral
received
Derivatives (legally enforceable) 4,398 564 3,834 2,694 33 1,108
Reverse repurchase, securities
lending & similar agreements
1,327 0 1,327 1,311 0 16
Other financial instruments 213 14 198 0 0 198
Total 5,938 578 5,360 4,004 33 1,322
31/12/2015 Gross amount Net amount Related amounts not set-off in
the statement of financial
position
Net
amount
in € million of recognized
liabilities set-off in
the statement of
financial position
of recognized
assets set-off in
the statement of
financial position
of recognized
liabilities set
off in the
statement of
financial
position
Financial
instruments
Cash collateral
pledged
Derivatives 4,320 564 3,756 2,657 171 928
Repurchase, securities lending &
similar agreements
225 0 225 217 0 8
Other financial instruments 101 14 87 0 0 87
Total 4,646 578 4,068 2,874 171 1,023

(35) Derivatives

30/6/2016 Fair values
in € million Up to 1 year More than 1
year,
up to 5 years
More than 5
years
Total Positive Negative
Interest rate contracts 30,394 61,393 48,899 140,685 3,675 (2,683)
Foreign exchange rate and gold
contracts
41,734 9,343 2,217 53,293 1,011 (1,101)
Equity/index contracts 1,177 2,114 373 3,664 128 (1,227)
Commodities 126 117 70 313 2 (101)
Credit derivatives 640 435 0 1,075 2 (1)
Precious metals contracts 16 2 16 34 1 (14)
Total 74,086 73,405 51,574 199,065 4,819 (5,126)
31/12/2015 Nominal amount by maturity Fair values
in € million Up to 1 year More than 1
year,
up to 5 years
More than 5
years
Total Positive Negative
Interest rate contracts 31,185 62,690 47,476 141,351 3,180 (2,390)
Foreign exchange rate and gold
contracts
47,617 10,253 2,231 60,101 1,154 (1,383)
Equity/index contracts 1,251 1,822 403 3,476 70 (1,024)
Commodities 141 129 44 314 0 (111)
Credit derivatives 494 992 0 1,486 2 (2)
Precious metals contracts 22 11 0 33 0 (17)
Total 80,710 75,897 50,154 206,761 4,406 (4,927)

(36) Fair Value of financial instruments

Fair value of financial instruments reported at fair value

30/6/2016 31/12/2015
in € million Level I Level II Level III Level I Level II Level III
Trading assets 2,048 4,165 21 2,764 3,890 24
Positive fair values of derivatives1 129 3,906 4 64 3,630 2
Shares and other variable-yield securities 155 0 0 203 0 0
Bonds, notes and other fixed-interest securities 1,763 259 17 2,497 259 22
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 1,999 2,046 51 2,225 3,072 66
Shares and other variable-yield securities 5 0 1 3 0 1
Bonds, notes and other fixed-interest securities 1,995 2,046 50 2,222 3,072 65
Financial assets available-for-sale 3,376 37 90 2,930 96 171
Other interests2 1 26 0 1 0 89
Bonds, notes and other fixed-interest securities 3,375 10 87 2,929 96 79
Shares and other variable-yield securities 0 0 3 0 0 2
Derivatives (hedging) 0 780 0 0 709 0
Positive fair values of derivatives from hedge
accounting
0 780 0 0 709 0

1 Including other derivatives.

2 Includes securities traded on the stock exchange as well as shares measured according to income approach.

30/6/2016 31/12/2015
in € million Level I Level II Level III Level I Level II Level III
Trading liabilities 620 5,184 36 525 5,087 29
Negative fair values of derivative financial instruments1 244 4,398 26 162 4,309 22
Short-selling of trading assets 377 77 0 363 90 0
Certificates issued 0 709 10 0 688 7
Liabilities at fair value through profit and loss 0 1,385 0 0 1,227 0
Debt securities issued 0 1,385 0 0 1,227 0
Derivatives (hedging) 0 459 0 0 435 0
Negative fair values of derivatives from hedge
accounting
0 459 0 0 435 0

1 Including other derivatives.

Level I Quoted market prices.

Level II Valuation techniques based on market data.

Level III Valuation techniques not based on market data.

Movements between Level I and Level II

Compared to year-end, the share of financial assets classified as Level II decreased. The decrease resulted mainly from divestitures from the category "financial assets at fair value through profit and loss". Compared to year-end, Level I assets also decreased. Moreover, there was a slight shift from Level II to Level I. This was due to the fact that quoted market prices for these financial instruments were available at the reporting date.

Movements in Level III of financial instruments at fair value

The following tables show the changes in the fair value of financial instruments whose fair value can not be calculated on the basis of observable market data and are therefore subject to other measurement models. Financial instruments of this category have a value component which is unobservable on the market and which has a material impact on the fair value.

in € million As at
1/1/2016
Change in
consolidated group
Exchange
differences
Purchases Sales,
repayment
Trading assets 24 0 (1) 14 (13)
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 66 0 3 31 (60)
Financial assets available-for-sale 171 0 1 24 (153)
Derivatives (hedging) 0 0 0 0 (2)
in € million Gains/loss in P/L Gains/loss in other
comprehensive
income
Transfer to
level III
Transfer
from level III
As at
30/6/2016
Trading assets (3) 0 0 0 21
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 12 0 0 0 51
Financial assets available-for-sale 4 43 0 0 90
Derivatives (hedging) 0 2 0 0 0
in € million As at
1/1/2016
Change in
consolidated group
Exchange
differences
Purchases Sales,
repayment
Trading liabilities 29 0 0 2 (2)
in € million Gains/loss in P/L Gains/loss in other
comprehensive
income
Transfer
to level III
Transfer from
level III
As at
30/6/2016
Trading liabilities (2) 0 11 (2) 36
Financial assets Type Fair value in
€ million
Valuation
technique
Significant
unobservable inputs
Range of
unobservable
inputs
Shares and other variable
yield securities
Closed end real
estate fund
0 Net asset value Haircuts 20 - 50%
Shares and other variable
yield securities
Shares 4 Approximation
method
n. a.
Other interests Shares 0 Income
approach
Forecasted cash flows -
Bonds, notes and other
fixed-interest securities
Fixed coupon
bonds
148 Discounted
cash flow
method
Credit spread 2 - 20%
Bonds, notes and other
fixed-interest securities
Asset backed
securities
6 Broker estimate Probability of default
Loss severity
Expected prepayment
rate
n. a.
Positive fair value of banking
book derivatives without
hedge accounting
Forward foreign
exchange
contract
4 Discounted
cash flow
method
Interest rate 10 - 30%
Total 161

Qualitative information for the valuation of financial instruments in Level III

Financial liabilities Type Fair value in
€ million
Valuation
technique
Significant
unobservable inputs
Range of
unobservable
inputs
Negative fair value of
banking book derivatives
Closing period
Currency risk
LT volatility
2 - 16%
0 - 5%
0 - 3%
without hedge accounting OTC options 26 Option model Index category 0 - 5%
Issued certificates for trading Closing period
Bid-Ask spread
LT volatility
0 - 3%
0 - 3%
0 - 3%
purposes Certificates 10 Option model Index category 0 - 2.5%
Total 36

Fair value of financial instruments not reported at fair value

30/6/2016
in € million Level I Level II Level III Fair value Carrying amount Difference
Assets
Cash reserve 0 9,424 0 9,424 9,424 0
Loans and advances to banks 0 10,179 3,614 13,793 13,675 118
Loans and advances to customers 0 17,236 47,832 65,068 65,517 (449)
Financial investments 5,931 1,194 289 7,414 7,214 200
Liabilities
Deposits from banks 0 13,800 2,926 16,726 16,655 71
Deposits from customers 0 26,400 42,765 69,165 68,941 224
Debt securities issued 301 3,940 1,826 6,067 6,012 55
Subordinated capital 0 4,102 406 4,508 4,141 368
31/12/2015
in € million Level I Level II Level III Fair value Carrying amount Difference
Assets
Cash reserve 0 13,212 0 13,212 13,212 0
Loans and advances to banks 0 7,527 3,280 10,807 10,717 89
Loans and advances to customers 0 15,904 47,530 63,434 63,986 (553)
Financial investments 5,194 1,488 211 6,893 6,685 207
Liabilities
Deposits from banks 0 13,524 2,887 16,411 16,369 42
Deposits from customers 0 27,280 42,252 69,533 68,991 542
Debt securities issued 272 4,276 1,791 6,338 6,275 64
Subordinated capital 0 4,088 406 4,494 4,164 330

(37) Contingent liabilities and commitments

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Contingent liabilities 8,988 9,387
Acceptances and endorsements 0 26
Credit guarantees 5,036 4,929
Other guarantees 2,773 2,986
Letters of credit (documentary business) 976 1,238
Other contingent liabilities 203 208
Commitments 10,175 9,980
Irrevocable credit lines and stand-by facilities 10,175 9,980
Up to 1 year 3,128 2,894
More than 1 year 7,047 7,086

Risk report

(38) Risks arising from financial instruments

Active risk management is a core competency of the Group. In order to effectively identify, measure, and manage risks the Group continues to develop its comprehensive risk management system. Risk management is an integral part of overall bank management. In particular, in addition to legal and regulatory requirements, it takes into account the nature, scale and complexity of the business activities and the resulting risks. The principles and organization of risk management are disclosed in the relevant sections of the 2015 Annual Report, pages 144 ff.

Economic capital

Economic capital constitutes a fundamental aspect of overall bank risk management. It defines the internal capital requirement for all material risk categories based on comparable models and thereby facilitates an aggregated view of the Group's risk profile. Economic capital is therefore an important instrument in Group risk management and is used for making risk-adjusted business decisions and in performance measurement. For this purpose, a business unit's profit is set in relation to the economic capital attributed to the unit (return on risk-adjusted capital, RORAC).

Risk contribution of individual risk types to economic capital:

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/20151 Share
Credit risk corporate customers 1,500 27.3% 1,596 28.5%
Credit risk retail customers 1,228 22.4% 1,200 21.4%
Operational risk 595 10.8% 639 11.4%
Macroeconomic risk 499 9.1% 499 8.9%
FX risk capital position 305 5.6% 247 4.4%
Credit risk sovereigns 306 5.6% 388 6.9%
Market risk 238 4.3% 211 3.8%
Other tangible fixed assets 219 4.0% 216 3.9%
Credit risk banks 177 3.2% 172 3.1%
Participation risk 118 2.1% 109 1.9%
Liquidity risk 17 0.3% 23 0.4%
CVA risk 30 0.6% 32 0.6%
Risk buffer 262 4.8% 267 4.8%
Total 5,494 100.0% 5,599 100.0%

1 Adaptation of previous year figures.

As at 30 June 2016, the risk category FX risk capital position was separately shown for the first time and represents the FX risk arising from the capital positions denominated in foreign currency. A longer holding period (one year) is assumed for currencies which can not be hedged. Diversification effects between the two risk categories of market risk cease to apply due to the separation. The comparable 31 December 2015 figures for market risk and FX risk capital position were adjusted in accordance with the methodology implemented as of 30 June 2016.

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/2015 Share
Central Europe 2,127 38.7% 2,268 40.5%
Southeastern Europe 1,287 23.4% 1,252 22.4%
Eastern Europe 1,022 18.6% 968 17.3%
Austria 1,041 18.9% 1,076 19.2%
Rest of World 17 0.3% 35 0.6%
Total 5,494 100.0% 5,599 100.0%

Regional allocation of economic capital according to Group unit domicile:

The Group uses a confidence level of 99.92 per cent for calculating economic capital. This confidence level is derived from the probability of default implied by the target rating. Based on the empirical analysis of rating agencies, the selected confidence level corresponds to a rating of "single A". The objective of calculating economic capital is to determine the amount of capital that would be required for servicing all of the claims of customers and creditors even in the case of such an extremely rare loss event.

Credit risk

Reconciliation of figures from IFRS consolidated financial statements to total credit exposure (according to CRR)

The following table translates items on the statement of financial position (banking and trading book positions) into the total credit exposure, which is used in portfolio management. It includes exposures on and off the statement of financial position before the application of credit-conversion factors and thus represents the total credit exposure. It is not reduced by the effects of credit risk mitigation such as guarantees and physical collateral, effects that are, however, considered in the total assessment of credit risks. The total credit exposure is used – if not explicitly stated otherwise – for showing exposures in all subsequent tables in the risk report. The reasons for different values used for internal portfolio management and external financial accounting are the different scopes of consolidation (regulatory versus accounting rules according to IFRS, i.e. corporate legal basis), different classifications and presentation of exposure volumes.

In the reporting period, the presentation of the total credit exposure was extended to include loans and advances contained in synthetic securitizations. The values for the comparable periods were adjusted accordingly.

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/20152
Cash reserve 7,043 10,717
Loans and advances to banks 13,747 10,837
Loans and advances to customers 70,825 69,921
Trading assets 5,414 5,814
Derivatives 1,600 1,574
Financial investments 14,454 14,915
Other assets 1,096 1,511
Contingent liabilities 8,988 9,387
Commitments 10,175 9,980
Revocable credit lines 16,349 15,775
Disclosure differences (1,109) 538
Total1 148,581 150,969

1 Items on the statement of financial position contain only credit risk amounts.

2 Adaptation of previous year figures.

A more detailed credit portfolio analysis is based on individual customer ratings. Customer rating assessments are performed separately for different asset classes using internal risk classification models (rating and scoring models), which are validated by a central organization unit. Default probabilities assigned to individual rating grades are calculated for each asset class separately. As a consequence the default probabilities related to the same ordinal rating grade (e.g. good credit standing corporates 4, banks A3, and sovereigns A3) are not directly comparable between these asset classes.

Rating models in the main non-retail asset classes – corporates, banks, and sovereigns – are uniform in all Group units and rank creditworthiness in 27 grades for corporate customers and 10 grades for banks and sovereigns. For retail asset classes, country specific scorecards are developed based on uniform Group standards. Customer rating, as well as validation is supported by specific software tools (e.g. business valuation tools, rating and default database).

Credit portfolio – Corporates

The following table shows the total credit exposure according to internal corporate ratings (large corporates, mid-market and small corporates). For presentation purposes, the individual grades of the rating scale are summarized into nine main rating grades.

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/20151 Share
1 Minimal risk 3,974 5.9% 3,583 5.2%
2 Excellent credit standing 8,818 13.0% 8,841 12.9%
3 Very good credit standing 9,544 14.1% 8,320 12.1%
4 Good credit standing 9,965 14.7% 10,851 15.8%
5 Sound credit standing 12,469 18.4% 11,937 17.4%
6 Acceptable credit standing 10,687 15.8% 10,541 15.3%
7 Marginal credit standing 4,767 7.0% 5,728 8.3%
8 Weak credit standing / sub-standard 1,954 2.9% 2,243 3.3%
9 Very weak credit standing / doubtful 736 1.1% 972 1.4%
10 Default 4,582 6.8% 5,622 8.2%
NR Not rated 217 0.3% 111 0.2%
Total 67,712 100.0% 68,750 100.0%

1 Adaptation of previous year figures.

Compared to year-end 2015, the total credit exposure to corporate customers decreased € 1,038 million to €67,712 million.

The credit exposure rated as good credit standing through to minimal risk increased € 706 million, representing a share of 47.7 per cent (31/12/2015: 46.0 per cent). The share of exposure with marginal credit standing through to very weak/doubtful credit profiles decreased from 13.0 per cent to 11.0 per cent.

At the end of the second quarter, the largest segment in terms of corporate customers was Group Corporates at €22,118 million, followed by Central Europe at € 12,527 million, Southeastern Europe at € 9,012 million and Eastern Europe at € 8,893 million. The remaining exposure is allocated to Non-Core at € 7,039 million, Group Markets at € 5,461 million and Corporate Center at €643 million. Compared to year-end 2015, the Non-Core segment reported the largest reduction, primarily attributable to a decline in facility financing and documentary letters of credit. The Corporate Center segment recorded a decline largely due to a reduction in credit financing and guarantees given, which was partially offset by increased facility financing. The declines in these segments were partially offset by a rise in the Group Markets segment as a result of an increase in repo and swap transactions.

The credit exposure in rating grade 3 – very good credit standing – increased € 1,224 million to € 9,544 million due to a rise in repo and swap business. The credit exposure in rating grade 4 – good credit standing – decreased €886 million to € 9,965 million mainly resulting from a decline in facility financing and guarantees given. The decline of credit exposure in rating grade 7 – marginal credit standing – of € 961 million to € 4,767 million was due to a decrease in credit and facility financing.

A large part of the reduction of credit exposure in rating grade 10 – default – resulted from the derecognition of uncollectible loans.

The rating model for project finance has five grades and takes both individual probability of default and available collateral into account. The project finance exposure is composed as shown in the table below:

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/20151 Share
6.1 Excellent project risk profile – very low risk 4,373 54.1% 3,907 48.3%
6.2 Good project risk profile – low risk 1,579 19.5% 2,180 27.0%
6.3 Acceptable project risk profile – average risk 858 10.6% 676 8.4%
6.4 Poor project risk profile – high risk 286 3.5% 414 5.1%
6.5 Default 956 11.8% 895 11.1%
NR Not rated 34 0.4% 11 0.1%
Total 8,085 100.0% 8,084 100.0%

1 Adaptation of previous year figures.

At the end of the second quarter, the credit exposure to project finance amounted to €8,085 million. At 73.6 per cent, projects rated in the two best rating grades, excellent project risk profile – very low risk and good project risk profile – low risk, accounted for the highest share of the portfolio. This reflects mainly the high level of collateralization in specialized lending transactions.

The following table provides a breakdown by country of risk of the total credit exposure for corporate customers and project finance structured by regions:

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/20151 Share
Central Europe 22,294 29.4% 22,881 29.8%
Austria 14,173 18.7% 14,407 18.8%
Eastern Europe 11,840 15.6% 11,875 15.5%
Southeastern Europe 10,322 13.6% 10,301 13.4%
Western Europe 11,005 14.5% 9,384 12.2%
Asia 2,439 3.2% 3,551 4.6%
Other 3,724 4.9% 4,436 5.8%
Total 75,798 100.0% 76,834 100.0%

1 Adaptation of previous year figures.

Compared to year-end 2015, the credit exposure declined € 1,036 million to €75,798 million. The decline in Asia mainly resulted from documentary letters of credit and facility and credit financing in China, and from credit financing in Indonesia. The decrease in the "other" category was due to credit and facility financing in the US. A decline in credit financing, foreign currencies and guarantees given posted in Switzerland was also reported under "other". The rise in Western Europe was attributable to increasing repo transactions in France and increasing swap and repo transactions in Great Britain.

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/20151 Share
Manufacturing 17,052 22.5% 17,023 22.2%
Wholesale and retail trade 15,877 20.9% 17,043 22.2%
Financial intermediation 9,718 12.8% 8,534 11.1%
Real estate 8,715 11.5% 8,644 11.3%
Construction 5,121 6.8% 5,568 7.2%
Freelance/technical services 4,093 5.4% 4,105 5.3%
Transport, storage and communication 3,299 4.4% 3,531 4.6%
Electricity, gas, steam and hot water supply 3,255 4.3% 3,734 4.9%
Other industries 8,667 11.4% 8,652 11.3%
Total 75,798 100.0% 76,834 100.0%

The table below provides a breakdown of the total credit exposure to corporates and project finance by industry:

1 Adaptation of previous year figures.

Credit portfolio – Retail customers

Retail customers are subdivided into private individuals and small and medium-sized entities (SMEs). For retail customers a two-fold scoring system is used – consisting of the initial and ad-hoc scoring based on customer data and of the behavioral scoring based on account data.

The table below provides a breakdown of the retail credit exposure:

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/2015 Share
Retail customers – private individuals 25,458 88.5% 24,619 88.4%
Retail customers – small and medium-sized
entities
3,292 11.5% 3,225 11.6%
Total 28,751 100.0% 27,844 100.0%
hereof non-performing loans 2,293 8.0% 2,283 8.2%
hereof individual loan loss provision 1,596 5.5% 1,669 6.0%
hereof portfolio-based loan loss provision 207 0.7% 207 0.7%

The total credit exposure of retail customers breaks down by segments as follows (excluding Corporate Center):

30/6/2016 Central Southeastern Eastern Non- Group
in € million Europe Europe Europe Core Markets
Retail customers – private individuals 9,336 6,957 3,492 5,661 13
Retail customers – small and
medium-sized entities
1,207 900 452 732 2
Total 10,543 7,857 3,944 6,393 14
hereof non-performing loans 536 533 808 415 0
hereof individual loan loss provision 276 339 728 243 0
hereof portfolio-based loan loss
provision
80 64 42 20 0
31/12/2015 Central Southeastern Eastern Non- Group
in € million Europe Europe Europe Core Markets
Retail customers – private individuals 8,362 6,892 3,411 5,940 13
Retail customers – small and
medium-sized entities
1,095 903 447 778 2
Total 9,458 7,795 3,858 6,718 15
hereof non-performing loans 424 547 901 411 0
hereof individual loan loss provision 269 319 806 233 0
hereof portfolio-based loan loss
provision
80 51 48 23 0

Compared to year-end 2015, the total retail credit exposure increased € 907 million to € 28,751 million in the first half year. The highest volume of € 10,543 million was reported in the Central Europe segment. Compared to year-end 2015, this was a rise of €1,085 million, mainly attributable to the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Slovakia recorded an increase in loans to private individuals. In the Czech Republic, the increase was also due to a rise in loans to private individuals, and to the purchase of a loan portfolio. The second largest segment was Southeastern Europe at €7,857 million, representing an increase of € 62 million compared to year-end 2015. The Eastern Europe segment reported growth of € 86 million to €3,944 million. The credit volumes in Russia declined due to the exit from the automobile financing business; however, the appreciation of the Russian rouble led to an overall increase in retail credit exposure in Russia. This was, however, partly offset by the reduction of loans to private individuals in Ukraine and devaluation of the Belarusian rouble and the Ukrainian hryvnia. Compared to year-end 2015, the Non-Core segment showed a decrease of € 325 million mainly due to lower mortgage loans in Poland.

In the table below, the total retail credit exposure by products is shown:

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/2015 Share
Mortgage loans 14,944 52.0% 14,978 53.8%
Personal loans 6,233 21.7% 5,945 21.4%
Credit cards 3,128 10.9% 2,441 8.8%
Car loans 1,045 3.6% 1,251 4.5%
Overdraft 1,655 5.8% 1,699 6.1%
SME financing 1,746 6.1% 1,529 5.5%
Total 28,751 100.0% 27,844 100.0%

Credit cards posted a rise of €687 million, mainly attributable to the acquisition of a credit portfolio in the Czech Republic. Car loans decreased € 206 million to € 1,045 million, as no new financing in this area was undertaken as a result of a change of strategy in Russia.

The share of foreign currency loans in the retail portfolio provides an indication of potential change in default rates if the exchange rate of the domestic currency changes. The internal risk assessment thus takes into account not only the share of foreign currency loans but also the usually stricter lending criteria when granting the loan and – in several countries – the customer's matching foreign currency income.

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/2015 Share
Swiss franc 3,156 42.7% 3,585 44.8%
Euro 3,595 48.7% 3,617 45.2%
US-Dollar 631 8.5% 794 9.9%
Other foreign currencies 4 0.1% 3 0.0%
Loans in foreign currencies 7,386 100.0% 8,000 100.0%
Share of total loans 25.7% 28.7%

The decrease in foreign currency loans denominated in Swiss francs mainly resulted from the legal regulations related to the mandatory conversion of loans at historical rates at the time of lending in Croatia.

Credit portfolio – Banks

The banks asset class mainly contains banks and securities firms. The internal rating model for these institutions is based on a peergroup approach that takes both qualitative and quantitative information into account. The final rating for banks is capped by the country rating of the respective home country.

The following table shows the total credit exposure by internal rating for banks (excluding central banks). Due to the small number of customers (or observable defaults), the default probabilities of individual rating grades in this asset class are calculated based on a combination of internal and external data.

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/2015 Share
A1 Excellent credit standing 0 0.0% 0 0.0%
A2 Very good credit standing 2,013 9.6% 1,854 10.9%
A3 Good credit standing 2,051 9.8% 1,803 10.6%
B1 Sound credit standing 10,659 51.1% 9,295 54.7%
B2 Average credit standing 2,813 13.5% 1,115 6.6%
B3 Mediocre credit standing 1,303 6.2% 1,033 6.1%
B4 Weak credit standing 1,350 6.5% 1,321 7.8%
B5 Very weak credit standing 446 2.1% 277 1.6%
C Doubtful/high default risk 138 0.7% 158 0.9%
D Default 95 0.5% 137 0.8%
NR Not rated 4 0.0% 3 0.0%
Total 20,871 100.0% 16,997 100.0%

The total credit exposure amounted to € 20,871 million at the end of the second quarter. Compared to year-end 2015, this was an increase of €3,874 million resulting mainly from a rise in repo and swap business and was partly offset by a reduction in the portfolio of bank bonds and in credit financing.

At €10,659 million, or 51.1 per cent, the bulk of this customer group was in the rating grade B1, which increased € 1,364 million compared to year-end 2015. This resulted mainly from repo business, but was partly offset by a reduction in the portfolio of bank bonds and in money market business. The changes in the other rating grades, such as B2 – with an increase of € 1,698 million to €2,813 million – or A2, A3, B3 and B5 were primarily due to an increase in repo transactions.

At €15,472 million, or 74.1 per cent, the Group Markets segment accounted for the largest proportion of the portfolio relating to banks, followed by the Southeastern Europe segment at € 1,567 million or 7.5 per cent.

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/2015 Share
Repo 5,850 28.0% 1,157 6.8%
Derivatives 4,244 20.3% 3,886 22.9%
Loans 4,091 19.6% 4,728 27.8%
Money market 3,056 14.6% 3,067 18.0%
Bonds 2,494 11.9% 2,895 17.0%
Other 1,135 5.4% 1,263 7.4%
Total 20,871 100.0% 16,997 100.0%

The table below shows the total credit exposure to banks (excluding central banks) by products:

Credit portfolio – Sovereigns

Another asset class is formed by central governments, central banks, and regional municipalities as well as other public sector entities. The table below provides a breakdown of the total credit exposure to sovereigns (including central banks) by internal rating:

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/2015 Share
A1 Excellent credit standing 3,678 15.9% 8,323 28.4%
A2 Very good credit standing 609 2.6% 892 3.0%
A3 Good credit standing 4,635 20.0% 4,564 15.6%
B1 Sound credit standing 3,787 16.4% 4,206 14.4%
B2 Average credit standing 2,392 10.3% 3,117 10.6%
B3 Mediocre credit standing 5,066 21.9% 2,637 9.0%
B4 Weak credit standing 1,518 6.6% 4,178 14.3%
B5 Very weak credit standing 770 3.3% 721 2.5%
C Doubtful/high default risk 705 3.0% 618 2.1%
D Default 2 0.0% 3 0.0%
NR Not rated 0 0.0% 34 0.1%
Total 23,161 100.0% 29,294 100.0%

Compared to year-end 2015, the credit exposure to sovereigns fell € 6,133 million to € 23,161 million in the first half. It accounted for 15.6 per cent (31/12/2015: 19.4 per cent) of the total credit exposure.

The rating grade excellent credit standing (A1 rating) showed a decrease of € 4,645 million. This resulted mainly from a reduction in the minimum reserve at the Austrian National Bank (down €4,522 million).

The intermediate rating grades, good credit standing (A3 rating) to mediocre credit standing (B3 rating), accounted for the highest share at 68.6 per cent of the total credit exposure. The high level of exposure in the intermediate rating grades was mainly due to deposits of Group units in Central and Southeastern Europe and the Non-Core segment at their local central banks. These serve to meet the respective minimum reserve requirements or are used to manage excess liquidity on a short-term basis, and are therefore inextricably linked to the business activities in these countries. Furthermore, this high exposure also derived from bonds issued by central banks and governments in Central and Southeastern Europe and in the Non-Core segment. The fall in rating grade B1 was mainly due to a decrease in the portfolio of Polish state bonds and to a reduction in the minimum reserve at the Polish National Bank. The decline in rating grade B2 resulted from a decline in the portfolio of bonds in Romania, Italy and Slovenia. The rise in the rating grade B3 was due to an improvement in the internal rating for Hungary from B4 to B3.

The table below shows the total credit exposure to sovereigns (including central banks) by products:

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/2015 Share
Bonds 13,349 57.6% 14,448 49.3%
Loans 9,203 39.7% 14,089 48.1%
Derivatives 528 2.3% 719 2.5%
Other 82 0.4% 38 0.1%
Total 23,161 100.0% 29,294 100.0%

The table below shows the credit exposure to sovereigns in non-investment grade (rating B3 and below):

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/2015 Share
Hungary 2,394 29.7% 2,625 32.0%
Bulgaria 959 11.9% 943 11.5%
Croatia 828 10.3% 995 12.1%
Albania 733 9.1% 857 10.5%
Serbia 508 6.3% 504 6.1%
Bosnia and Herzegovina 539 6.7% 478 5.8%
Russia 844 10.5% 604 7.4%
Ukraine 486 6.0% 397 4.8%
Vietnam 154 1.9% 160 2.0%
Belarus 195 2.4% 211 2.6%
Other 421 5.2% 419 5.1%
Total 8,061 100.0% 8,191 100.0%

The credit exposure resulted mainly from deposits of Group units with the local central banks in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe. They are used for meeting the respective minimum reserve requirements and for managing the short-term investment of excess liquidity, and are therefore inextricably linked to the business activities in these countries.

Compared to year-end 2015, the credit exposure to sovereigns in non-investment grade decreased € 130 million to €8,061 million. Hungary reported a decline in money market transactions, which was partially offset by a rise in Republic of Hungary bonds. The decline in Croatia resulted from a reduction in the minimum reserves at the Croatian National Bank and from a decline in Republic of Croatia bonds as well as from a decrease in credit financing. The reduction in Albania was mainly due to a decline in Republic of Albania bonds. The decline in credit exposure to sovereigns in non-investment grade was offset by an increase in Russia. This resulted from an increase of the minimum reserve at the Russian Central Bank and in the bond portfolio, along with a rise in money market transactions.

Credit risk mitigation

Loans and advances to banks and customers net of allocated loan loss provisions (net exposure), the additional exposure off the statement of financial position (contingent liabilities, commitments, and revocable credit lines), and the market prices (fair value) of collateral pledged in favor of the Group are shown in the following table:

30/6/2016 Maximum credit exposure Fair value of collateral
in € million Commitments/guar
Net exposure
antees issued
Banks 13,675 2,989 5,562
Sovereigns 653 547 426
Corporate customers – large corporates 38,831 27,177 23,268
Corporate customers – mid market 2,557 966 1,936
Retail customers – private individuals 20,897 3,353 12,519
Retail customers – small and medium-sized entities 2,580 482 1,894
Total 79,193 35,512 45,605
31/12/2015 Maximum credit exposure Fair value of collateral
in € million Net exposure Commitments/gu
arantees issued
Banks 10,717 1,983 1,933
Sovereigns 809 436 422
Corporate customers – large corporates 37,907 28,329 25,366
Corporate customers – mid market 2,497 1,042 2,083
Retail customers – private individuals 20,295 2,859 12,408
Retail customers – small and medium-sized entities 2,478 495 1,844
Total 74,703 35,144 44,056

Non-performing exposure (NPE)

This section refers exclusively to exposures without grounds for default pursuant to Article 178 CRR. In the corporate division, when loan terms or conditions are altered in favor of the customer, the Group distinguishes between modified loans and forborne loans according to the applicable definition of the EBA document "Implementing Technical Standard (ITS) on Supervisory Reporting (Forbearance and non-performing exposures)".

The crucial aspect in deciding whether a loan is forborne is the financial situation of a customer at the time the terms or loan conditions are altered. If based on the customer's creditworthiness (taking the internal early warning system into account) it can be assumed, at the point when the loan terms or conditions are altered, that the customer is in financial difficulties and if the modification is assessed as a concession, such loans are designated as forborne. If such a modification for a loan previously considered as non-performing is carried out, then the loan is assessed as non-performing exposure (NPE) irrespective of whether a reason for default pursuant to Article 178 CRR exists. The decision on whether a loan is classified as forborne/NPE does not trigger an individual loan loss provision in respect of the customer; this is based on the default definition of CRD IV/CRR.

In the retail sector, restructured loans are subject to an observation period of at least three months in order to ensure that the customer meets the re-negotiated terms. In those cases where the customer concerned meets the re-negotiated terms and the credit exposure was not overdue for 180 days before the re-negotiation, the credit exposure is transferred from the portfolio in observation to the living portfolio. Those credit exposures already overdue for more than 180 days prior to the re-negotiation or those customers who did not meet the re-negotiated terms remain in the portfolio which is fully impaired.

The following table shows the non-performing exposure according to segments:

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/2015 Share
Central Europe 38 15% 57 15%
Southeastern Europe 120 46% 119 31%
Eastern Europe 22 9% 68 18%
Group Corporates 31 12% 87 23%
Group Markets 0 0% 0 0%
Corporate Center 0 0% 0 0%
Non-Core 47 18% 53 14%
Total 258 100% 383 100%
hereof non-banks 258 100% 383 100%

The following table shows the non-performing exposure according to asset classes:

Refinancing Instruments with modified time
and modified conditions
NPE total
in € million 30/6/2016
31/12/2015
30/6/2016 31/12/2015 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Corporate customers 0 15 59 159 60 174
Retail customers 23 29 175 180 198 209
Banks 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sovereigns 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 24 44 235
339
258 383

The decrease in non-performing exposure of € 125 million to € 258 million was primarily due to the reclassification of corporate customers to performing exposure.

In the non-retail sector, financial difficulties are measured by means of an internal early warning system which is based on numerous representative and accepted input factors for customer risk classification (e.g. overdue days, rating downgrade etc.). IAS 39 requires that impairments must be derived from an incurred loss event; defaults pursuant to Article 178 CRR are still the main indicators for individual and portfolio-based loan loss provisions. The transfer of forborne exposures to the living portfolio is not automatically carried out after the determined monitoring period. Additionally, an expert opinion has to be obtained confirming that the circumstances of the customer concerned have improved.

Non-performing loans (NPL) and provisioning

According to Article 178 CRR, a default and thus a non-performing loan (NPL) applies if it can be assumed that a customer is unlikely to fulfill all of its credit obligations to the bank, or if the debtor is overdue at least 90 days on any material credit obligation to the bank. For non-retail customers, the Group has defined twelve different indicators which are used to identify a default event. For example, a default event applies if a customer is involved in insolvency or similar proceedings, if it has been necessary to apply an impairment or direct write-down of a customer loan or if credit risk management has judged a customer account receivable to be not wholly recoverable.

Within the Group, a Group-wide default database is used for collecting and documenting customer defaults. The database also tracks the reasons for defaults, which enables the calculation and validation of default probabilities.

Provisions for impairment losses are formed on the basis of Group-wide standards according to IFRS accounting principles and cover all identifiable credit risks. In the non-retail segments, problem loan committees from each Group unit decide on allocating individual loan loss provisions. In the retail area, provisioning is determined by retail risk management departments in the individual Group units. They compute the required loan loss provisions according to defined calculation methods on a monthly basis. The provisioning amount is then approved by local accounting departments.

in € million As at
1/1/2016
Change in consolidated group/
Exchange differences
Additions Disposals As at
30/6/2016
Corporate customers 6,051 (45) 557 (1,477) 5,087
Retail customers 2,274 (37) 424 (386) 2,276
Sovereigns 3 (1) 0 (1) 2
Total non-banks 8,328 (83) 982 (1,863) 7,364
Banks 127 (1) 0 (38) 88
Total 8,456 (83) 982 (1,902) 7,452

The following table shows the development of non-performing loans in the defined asset classes loans and advances to customers and loans and advances to banks (excluding items off the statement of financial position):

The following table shows the share of non-performing loans (NPL) in the defined asset classes loans and advances to customers and loans and advances to banks as reported in the statement of financial position (excluding items off the statement of financial position):

NPL NPL ratio NPL coverage ratio
in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015 30/6/2016 31/12/2015 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Corporate customers 5,087 6,051 10.5% 12.5% 67.8% 68.1%
Retail customers 2,276 2,274 9.0% 9.2% 78.3% 80.0%
Sovereigns 2 3 0.6% 0.8% 250.1% 129.8%
Total non-banks 7,364 8,328 10.4% 11.9% 72.1% 71.3%
Banks 88 127 0.5% 0.7% 81.3% 94.1%
Total 7,452 8,456 8.8% 10.5% 72.2% 71.6%

The volume of non-performing loans to non-banks decreased € 964 million due to the improved economic environment in many markets and the derecognition of economically uncollectible loans in the statement of financial position. The NPL ratio decreased 1.5 percentage points to 10.4 per cent.

At the end of the second quarter, corporate customers posted a year-to-date € 965 million decline to €5,087 million. The ratio of non-performing loans to credit exposure decreased 2.0 percentage points to 10.5 per cent; the NPL coverage ratio went down 0.3 percentage points to 67.8 per cent. In the retail portfolio, non-performing loans rose 0.1 per cent, or € 2 million, to € 2,276 million. The ratio of non-performing loans to credit exposure decreased 0.2 percentage points to 9.0 per cent; the NPL coverage ratio decreased 1.8 percentage points to 78.3 per cent. For banks, non-performing loans at the end of the second quarter amounted to €88 million, € 39 million down on the year-end 2015; the NPL coverage ratio declined 12.8 percentage points to 81.3 per cent.

The following table shows the share of non-performing loans (NPL) in the defined asset classes loans and advances to customers and loans and advances to banks as reported in the statement of financial position (excluding items off the statement of financial position) by segment:

NPL NPL ratio NPL coverage ratio in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015 30/6/2016 31/12/2015 30/6/2016 31/12/2015 Central Europe 1,369 1,331 6.3% 6.4% 69.2% 75.3% Southeastern Europe 1,495 1,587 10.3% 10.7% 72.9% 71.6% Eastern Europe 1,754 1,902 14.1% 15.1% 84.1% 86.4% Group Corporates 899 1,268 6.1% 9.1% 55.2% 56.7% Group Markets 143 415 1.4% 5.7% 62.8% 82.0% Corporate Center 41 49 0.7% 0.6% 81.8% 78.9% Non-Core 1,751 1,903 14.2% 14.1% 71.3% 62.4% Total 7,452 8,456 8.8% 10.5% 72.2% 71.6% hereof non-banks 7,364 8,328 10.4% 11.9% 72.1% 71.3%

The decline in non-performing loans in the Group Corporates segment was particularly significant, falling 29.1 per cent, or € 369
million, to € 899 million. This was primarily caused by the derecognition of uncollectible loans in Austria. The ratio of non
performing loans to credit exposure fell 3.0 percentage points to 6.1 per cent; the NPL coverage ratio decreased 1.5 percentage
points to 55.2 per cent. In the Group Markets segment, non-performing loans declined 65.5 per cent, or € 272 million, to € 143
million due to derecognition of uncollectible loans. The NPL ratio fell 4.3 percentage points to 1.4 per cent; the NPL coverage
ratio decreased 19.2 percentage points to 62.8 per cent. The Non-Core segment reported a decline in non-performing loans of
8.0 per cent, or € 152 million, to € 1,751 million, primarily due to the sale of Raiffeisen Banka d.d., Maribor, in Slovenia and the
derecongition of uncollectible loans in Asia. The ratio of non-performing loans to credit exposure increased 0.1 percentage points
compared to year-end 2015 to 14.2 per cent; the NPL coverage ratio rose 8.9 percentage points to 71.3 per cent. The Eastern
Europe segment recorded a decline in non-performing loans of 7.8 per cent, or € 149 million, to € 1,754 million, largely due to
sales of non-performing loans of € 61 million in Ukraine. The ratio of non-performing loans to credit exposure decreased 1.0
percentage point to 14.1 per cent; the NPL coverage ratio decreased 2.3 percentage points to 84.1 per cent. In Southeastern
Europe, non-performing loans fell 5.8 per cent, or €92 million, to € 1,495 million. Whereas declines due to sales of € 21 million
were reported in Bulgaria, Romania and Croatia, non-performing loans increased in Albania. The NPL ratio fell 0.4 percentage
points to 10.3 per cent; in contrast, the NPL coverage ratio increased 1.3 percentage points to 72.9 per cent. In Central Europe,
non-performing loans increased 2.9 per cent, or € 38 million, to € 1,369 million, primarily attributable to rises in the Czech Repub
lic. The NPL ratio decreased 0.1 percentage points to 6.3 per cent; the NPL coverage ratio declined 6.1 percentage points to
69.2 per cent.
in € million As at
1/1/2016
Change in
consolidated
group
Allocation1 Release Usage2 Transfers,
exchange
differences
As at
30/6/2016
Individual loan loss
provisions
5,772 4 866 (434) (1,052) (18) 5,137
Loans and advances to
banks
118 0 2 (6) (42) 0 70
Loans and advances to
customers
5,581 4 820 (405) (1,010) (17) 4,972
Off-balance sheet
obligations
73 1 45 (23) 0 0 95
Portfolio-based loan
loss provisions
382 0 116 (143) 0 3 359
Loans and advances to
banks
2 0 0 (1) 0 0 2
Loans and advances to
customers
354 0 109 (131) 0 3 336
Off-balance sheet
obligations
26 0 7 (11) 0 0 22
Total 6,154 5 982 (577) (1,052) (15) 5,497

The following table shows the development of impairment losses on loans and provisions for liabilities off the statement of financial position:

1 Allocation including direct write-downs and income on written down claims.

2 Usage including direct write-downs and income on written down claims.

The sale of Raiffeisen Banka d.d., Maribor is not reflected in the provisions, as at year-end 2015 both assets and provisions were already reported under the item other assets, assets held for sale, in accordance with IFRS 5.

Concentration risk

The Group's credit portfolio is well diversified in terms of geographical region and industry. Single name concentrations are also actively managed (based on the concept of groups of connected customers) by limits and regular reporting. As a consequence, portfolio granularity is high. The regional breakdown of the loans reflects the broad diversification of credit business in the European markets of the Group.

in € million 30/6/2016 Share 31/12/20151 Share
Austria 21,653 14.6% 26,731 17.7%
Central Europe 50,368 33.9% 51,179 33.9%
Poland 15,633 10.5% 16,375 10.8%
Czech Republic 13,994 9.4% 12,368 8.2%
Slovakia 13,258 8.9% 13,856 9.2%
Hungary 7,101 4.8% 7,555 5.0%
Other 383 0.3% 1,024 0.7%
Other European Union 24,197 16.3% 19,047 12.6%
Germany 6,376 4.3% 6,090 4.0%
Great Britain 5,425 3.7% 4,536 3.0%
France 4,682 3.2% 2,169 1.4%
Spain 2,175 1.5% 795 0.5%
Netherlands 1,651 1.1% 1,744 1.2%
Italy 1,002 0.7% 1,102 0.7%
Other 2,886 1.9% 2,611 1.7%
Southeastern Europe 24,155 16.3% 24,498 16.2%
Romania 8,760 5.9% 8,902 5.9%
Croatia 4,799 3.2% 5,011 3.3%
Bulgaria 3,956 2.7% 3,906 2.6%
Serbia 2,003 1.3% 1,953 1.3%
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,145 1.4% 2,124 1.4%
Albania 1,774 1.2% 1,912 1.3%
Other 719 0.5% 689 0.5%
Asia 3,895 2.6% 5,282 3.5%
China 1,153 0.8% 1,780 1.2%
Other 2,741 1.8% 3,503 2.3%
Eastern Europe 18,769 12.6% 18,017 11.9%
Russia 13,376 9.0% 12,522 8.3%
Ukraine 3,418 2.3% 3,547 2.3%
Belarus 1,433 1.0% 1,471 1.0%
Other 541 0.4% 478 0.3%
North America 2,544 1.7% 3,058 2.0%
Switzerland 1,821 1.2% 1,931 1.3%
Rest of World 1,178 0.8% 1,225 0.8%
Total 148,581 100.0% 150,969 100.0%

The following table shows the regional distribution of the credit exposure of all asset classes by the borrower's home country and grouped by regions:

1 Adaptation of previous year figures.

The Group does not own any banking subsidiaries that are incorporated in the so-called European periphery countries. Nonetheless, some of the bank's loans and advances are to customers domiciled in these countries and result from credit financing and capital markets activities. The Group holds no material volumes of government bonds issued by these countries.

Market risk

Market risk management is based on figures from an internal model that calculates value-at-risk (VaR) for changes in the following risk factors: foreign exchange, interest rate changes, credit spreads, implied volatility and equity indices. The Austrian Financial Market Authority approved this model so that it can be used for calculating total capital requirements for market risks.

The following table shows the VaR for overall market risk in the trading and banking book for each risk type. The VaR is dominated by risk arising from equity positions held in foreign currencies, structural interest rate risks and credit spread risks arising from the bond books (frequently held as a liquidity reserve).

Total VaR 99% 1d VaR as at Average VaR Minimum VaR Maximum VaR VaR as at
in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Currency risk 30 27 19 39 29
Interest rate risk 7 8 5 16 6
Credit spread risk 12 11 7 16 17
Share price risk 1 1 0 1 1
Vega risk 3 2 1 5 1
Total 46 37 27 48 33

Exchange rate risk on total bank level also includes equity of subsidiaries denominated in foreign currency. The structural exchange rate risk resulting from equity capital is managed independently from the mainly short-term trading positions.

Liquidity risk

The following table shows the liquidity gap and the ratio of expected cash inflows plus counterbalancing capacity to cash outflows (liquidity ratio) for selected maturities on a cumulative basis, taking into account all items on the statement of financial position and transactions off the statement of financial position. Based on expert opinions, statistical analyses and country specifics, this calculation also incorporates estimates on the prolongation of defined assets, the so-called sediment of customer deposits, and the liquidity counterbalancing capacity (in particular, assets that are eligible for refinancing at central banks and that can be used as collateral in securities lending transactions).

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Maturity 1 week 1 month 1 year 1 week 1 month 1 year
Liquidity gap 21,019 21,225 22,631 21,316 19,783 23,431
Liquidity ratio 168% 151% 127% 182% 147% 127%

Limits are used in each Group unit in order to limit liquidity risk. They require a positive short-term liquidity gap based on the internal liquidity model. The Group holds sizeable amounts of liquid securities and favors assets eligible in tender transactions in the lending business in order to ensure liquidity in various currencies. In the case of a liquidity shortage in the Group, contingency plans would come into force. Such prioritized action lists for handling liquidity needs exist for all major Group units.

Liquidity coverage ratio

RBI meets all regulatory requirements related to liquidity risk management. They are monitored on Group and on individual unit level and limited by a comprehensive limit system. The calculation of expected inflows and outflows of funds is based on a centrally steered and consistent model approach.

The liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) requires the short-term resilience of banks by ensuring that they have an adequate stock of unencumbered high-quality liquid assets (HQLA) to meet potential liability run offs that might occur in a crisis, which can be converted into cash to meet liquidity needs for a minimum of 30 calendar days in a liquidity stress scenario.

As of October 2015, a regulatory minimum ratio for the LCR of 70 per cent is applicable which will be raised to 100 per cent by 2018.

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Average liquid assets 11,583 17,898
Net outflows 5,513 9,902
Inflows 12,968 10,394
Outflows 18,481 20,296
LCR 210% 181%

Compared to year-end 2015, the LCR was higher at the end of the first half of 2016. The decline in the LCR originally expected in the first half of 2016 did not occur, as the planned sale of Zuno and the related outflow of stable deposits did not take place.

Additional notes

(39) Capital management and total capital according to CRR/CRD IV and Austrian Banking Act (BWG)

From a regulatory view, RBI Group is part of RZB credit institution group and moreover RBI Group is supervised on a subgroup level according to Article 11 paragraph 5 CRR (Capital Requirement Regulation) based on the Austrian Financial Market Authority (FMA) decision from 24 October 2014. Therefore RBI AG is the superordinated credit institution for the subgroup in terms of Section 30 of the Austrian Banking Act. Furthermore, RBI AG as an individual institution has to adhere to the legal capital regulations.

Based on an annually undertaken Supervisory Review and Evaluation Process (SREP), the ECB instructs RBI and also RZB by way of an official notification to hold additional common equity tier 1 capital to cover risks which are not or not adequately taken into account under pillar I.

The so-called SREP minimum capital ratio currently contains a capital conservation buffer in addition to the minimum requirements of the CRR and the SREP add-on as well as a possible countercyclical buffer in other member states. A breach of the combined buffer requirement would induce constraints, for example in relation to dividend distributions and coupon payments on certain capital instruments.

Additionally, national supervisors can determine national systemic risk buffers (up to 5 per cent) as well as additional capital addons for systemic banks (up to 3.5 per cent). In the event that systemic risk buffers as well as add-ons for systemic banks are determined for an institution, only the higher of the two values is applicable. In September 2015, the responsible Financial Market Stability Board (FMSB) of the FMA recommended the requirement of systemic risk buffers for twelve large banks located in Austria, including RBI and RZB. This came into force as of the beginning of 2016 through the FMA. The systemic risk buffer was set at 0.25 per cent for RBI and RZB as of 1 January 2016 and progressively increases to 2 per cent by 2019.

Moreover, a countercyclical buffer can be implemented by member states in order to curb excessive lending growth. This buffer was currently set at 0 per cent in Austria due to restrained lending growth and the stable macroeconomic environment.

A mid-year examination of the interim profit was carried out, based on a review by the auditor and therefore this interim profit was included in the calculation of total capital.

Total capital

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Paid-in capital 5,886 5,886
Earned capital 2,001 1,750
Non-controlling interests 419 399
Common equity tier 1 (before deductions) 8,306 8,034
Deduction intangible fixed assets/goodwill (532) (326)
Deduction provision shortage for IRB positions (50) (20)
Deduction securitizations (14) (14)
Deduction deferred tax assets 0 0
Deduction loss carry forwards (2) (3)
Deduction insurance and other investments 0 0
Common equity tier 1 (after deductions) 7,706 7,671
Additional tier 1 90 309
Non-controlling interests 0 0
Deduction intangible fixed assets/goodwill (74) (295)
Deduction provision shortage for IRB positions (17) (15)
Deduction securitizations 0 0
Deduction insurance and other investments 0 0
Tier 1 7,706 7,671
Long-term subordinated capital 3,125 3,160
Non-controlling interests 0 (4)
Provision excess of internal rating approach positions 154 160
Provision excess of standardized approach positions 0 0
Deduction securitizations 0 0
Deduction insurance and other investments (13) 0
Tier 2 (after deductions) 3,266 3,316
Total capital 10,972 10,987
Total capital requirement 4,938 5,062
Common equity tier 1 ratio (transitional) 12.5% 12.1%
Common equity tier 1 ratio (fully loaded) 12.2% 11.5%
Tier 1 ratio (transitional) 12.5% 12.1%
Tier 1 Ratio (fully loaded) 12.2% 11.5%
Total capital ratio (transitional) 17.8% 17.4%
Total capital ratio (fully loaded) 17.6% 16.8%

The transitional ratios are the currently applicable ratios according to CRR requirements under consideration of the applicable transitional provisions for the current calendar year set out in Part 10 of the CRR. The fully loaded ratios are for information purposes only and are calculated assuming full implementation without taking the transitional provisions into account.

Total capital requirement and risk-weighted assets

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 61,722 63,272
Total capital requirement for credit risk 4,025 4,117
Internal rating approach 2,272 2,327
Standardized approach 1,722 1,751
CVA risk 30 32
Basel 1 floor 0 7
Total capital requirement for position risk in bonds, equities, commodities and
open currency positions 197 241
Own funds requirement for operational risk 715 704
Total capital requirement 4,938 5,062

Risk-weighted assets for credit risk according to asset classes broke down as follows:

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Risk-weighted assets according to standardized approach 21,529 21,884
Central governments and central banks 2,224 2,209
Regional governments 56 49
Public administration and non-profit organizations 11 7
Multilateral development banks 0 0
Banks 314 302
Corporate customers 8,480 8,906
Retail customers 7,356 7,448
Equity exposures 449 407
Covered bonds 0 0
Mutual funds 7 7
Securitization position 0 0
Other positions 2,633 2,551
Risk-weighted assets according to internal rating approach 28,404 29,081
Central governments and central banks 416 311
Banks 2,324 2,095
Corporate customers 21,091 22,143
Retail customers 4,218 4,141
Equity exposures 108 133
Securitization position 246 259
CVA risk 379 406
Basel 1 floor 0 87
Total 50,312 51,459

Leverage ratio

The leverage ratio is defined in Part 7 of the CRR and is not a mandatory quantitative requirement until 1 January 2018. Therefore, until then it serves only for information purposes.

in € million 30/6/2016 31/12/2015
Leverage exposure 134,463 136,163
Tier 1 7,706 7,671
Leverage ratio (transitional) 5.7% 5.6%
Leverage ratio (fully loaded) 5.6% 5.4%

(40) Average number of staff

Full-time equivalents 1/1-30/6/2016 1/1-30/6/2015
Austria 2,755 2,670
Foreign 48,910 51,841
Total 51,665 54,511

(41) Related parties

Transactions with related parties that are natural persons are limited to banking business transactions that are carried out at fair market conditions. Moreover, members of the Management Board hold shares of Raiffeisen Bank International AG. Detailed information regarding this is published on the homepage of Raiffeisen Bank International.

The following tables show transactions with related companies. Parent companies are Raiffeisen-Landesbanken-Holding GmbH, Vienna and Raiffeisen Zentralbank Österreich Aktiengesellschaft, Vienna. Under affiliated companies, affiliated companies that are not consolidated due to immateriality are shown.

30/6/2016
in € million
Parent
companies
Affiliated
companies
Companies
valued at equity
Other interests
Loans and advances to banks 880 66 350 50
Loans and advances to customers 0 610 128 143
Trading assets 1 42 2 1
Financial investments 0 267 0 109
Other assets (incl. derivatives) 10 11 0 0
Deposits from banks 431 158 2,577 118
Deposits from customers 0 546 302 74
Debt securities issued 0 11 0 0
Provisions for liabilities and charges 0 1 0 0
Trading liabilities 0 64 6 0
Other liabilities including derivatives 3 1 1 0
Subordinated capital 67 0 0 0
Guarantees given 0 126 0 0
Guarantees received 609 223 154 45
31/12/2015
in € million
Parent
companies
Affiliated
companies
Companies
valued at equity
Other interests
Loans and advances to banks 2,021 102 134 48
Loans and advances to customers 0 760 122 164
Trading assets 0 40 0 1
Financial investments 0 179 0 148
Other assets (incl. derivatives) 7 24 0 0
Deposits from banks 338 207 2,453 118
Deposits from customers 0 472 719 52
Debt securities issued 0 11 0 0
Provisions for liabilities and charges 0 1 0 0
Trading liabilities 0 72 8 0
Other liabilities including derivatives 6 3 0 0
Subordinated capital 66 2 0 0
Guarantees given 0 184 0 0
Guarantees received 699 266 164 36
1/1-30/6/2016
in € million
Parent
companies
Affiliated
companies
Companies
valued at equity
Other interests
Interest income 17 29 3 5
Interest expenses (4) (9) (20) (1)
Dividends income 0 20 0 3
Fee and commission income 0 19 4 2
Fee and commission expense (2) (3) (2) (2)
1/1-30/6/2015
in € million
Parent
companies
Affiliated
companies
Companies
valued at equity
Other interests
Interest income 14 5 4 4
Interest expenses (3) (5) (12) 0
Dividends income 0 15 0 5
Fee and commission income 0 22 0 0
Fee and commission expense (2) (1) (5) 0

Events after the reporting date

There were no material events after the reporting date.

Report on the Review of the condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

Introduction

We have reviewed the accompanying condensed interim consolidated financial statements of Raiffeisen Bank International AG, Vienna, for the period from 1 January 2016 to 30 June 2016. These condensed interim consolidated financial statements comprise the consolidated statement of financial position as of 30 June 2016 and the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, consolidated statement of changes in equity and the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the period from 1 January 2016 to 30 June 2016 and the condensed notes, summarizing the significant accounting policies and other explanatory notes.

Management is responsible for the preparation of the condensed interim consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS's) for Interim Reporting as adopted by the EU.

Our responsibility is to express a conclusion on these condensed interim consolidated financial statements. Our liability towards the Company and towards third parties is limited in accordance with § 62a of the Austrian Banking Act (BWG).

Scope of review

We conducted our review in accordance with Austrian Standards for Chartered Accountants, in particular in compliance with KFS/PG 11 "Principles of Engagements to Review Financial Statements", and with the International Standard on Review Engagements (ISRE 2410) "Review of Interim Financial Information Performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity". A review of interim financial statements is limited primarily to making inquiries, primarily of Company personnel, responsible for financial and accounting matters, and applying analytical and other review procedures. A review is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with Austrian Standards on Auditing and/or International Standards on Auditing and consequently does not enable us to obtain assurance that we would become aware of all significant matters that might be identified in an audit. Accordingly, we do not express an audit opinion.

Conclusion

Based on our review, nothing came to our attention that causes us to believe that the accompanying condensed interim consolidated financial statements are not prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS's) for Interim Reporting as adopted by the EU.

Statement on the consolidated interim management report for the 6 month period ended 30 June 2016 and on management's statement in accordance with § 87 Austrian Stock Exchange Act (BörseG)

We have read the consolidated interim management report and evaluated whether it does not contain any apparent inconsistencies with the condensed interim consolidated financial statements. Based on our evaluation, the consolidated interim management report does not contain any apparent inconsistencies with the condensed interim consolidated financial statements.

The interim financial information contains the statement by management in accordance with § 87 par. 1 subpar. 3 Austrian Stock Exchange Act.

Vienna, 10 August 2016

Mag. Wilhelm Kovsca

Wirtschaftsprüfer (Austrian Chartered Accountant)

Note: The condensed interim consolidated financial statements together with our review report may be published or transmitted only as agreed by us.

Statement of legal representatives

We confirm to the best of our knowledge that the condensed interim consolidated financial statements give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the group as required by the applicable accounting standards and that the semi-annual group management report gives a true and fair view of important events that have occurred during the first six months of the financial year and their impact on the condensed interim financial statements, of the principal risks and uncertainties for the remaining six months of the financial year and of the major related party transactions.

Vienna, 10 August 2016

The Management Board

Karl Sevelda

Klemens Breuer

Member of the Management Board responsible for Business Management & Development, Consumer Banking, Group Capital Markets, Institutional Clients, Investment Banking, Raiffeisen Research and Small Business & Premium Banking

Andreas Gschwenter

Member of the Management Board responsible for Bereiche Group & Austrian IT, Lean, Operations, Procurement & Cost Management and Project Portfolio & Security

1 Outsourced to RZB/Reporting to the whole Board of Management.

Johann Strobl

Deputy to the Chief Executive Officer responsible for Credit Management Corporates, Financial Institutions, Country & Portfolio Risk Management, Retail Risk Management, Risk Controlling, Risk Excellence & Projects and Special Exposures Management

Martin Grüll

Member of the Management Board responsible for Active Credit Management, Investor Relations, Planning & Finance, Tax Management, Participations and Treasury

Peter Lennkh

Member of the Management Board responsible for Corporate Customers, Corporate Finance, Corporate Sales Management & Development, International Business Support and Trade Finance & Transaction Banking

Publication details/Disclaimer

Publication details

Publisher: Raiffeisen Bank International AG, Am Stadtpark 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria Editorial team: Group Investor Relations Editorial deadline: 12 August 2016 Produced in Vienna Internet: www.rbinternational.com

This report is also available in German.

Group Investor Relations inquiries: Group Communications inquiries: E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.rbinternational.com Investor Relations Internet: www.rbinternational.com Public Relations Phone: +43-1-71 707-2089 Phone: +43-1-71 707-1298

Disclaimer

The forecasts, plans and forward-looking statements contained in this report are based on the state of knowledge and assessments of Raiffeisen Bank International AG at the time of its preparation. Like all statements addressing the future, they are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially. No guarantees can therefore be given that the forecasts and targeted values or the forward-looking statements will actually materialize.

This report is for information purposes only and contains neither a recommendation to buy or sell nor an offer of sale or subscription to shares nor does it constitute an invitation to make an offer to sell shares.

This report has been prepared and the data checked with the greatest possible care. Nonetheless, rounding, transmission, typesetting and printing errors cannot be ruled out. In the summing up of rounded amounts and percentages, rounding-off differences may occur. This report was prepared in German. The report in English is a translation of the original German report. The only authentic version is the German version. Raiffeisen Bank International AG is not liable for any losses or similar damages that may occur as a result of or in connection with the use of this report.

www.rbinternational.com

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