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RAMELIUS RESOURCES LIMITED Management Reports 2019

Jun 16, 2019

65718_rns_2019-06-16_9dacbf24-5a86-417e-b551-3752b15e1d1c.pdf

Management Reports

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17 June 2019
ISSUED CAPITAL
Ordinary Shares: 658M
DIRECTORS
NON-EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN:
Kevin Lines
MANAGING DIRECTOR:
Mark Zeptner
NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS:
Michael Bohm
David Southam
COMPANY SECRETARY:
Richard Jones
www.rameliusresources.com.au
[email protected]
RAMELIUS RESOURCES LIMITED
Registered Office
Level 1, 130 Royal Street
East Perth WA 6004
Tel +61 8 9202 1127
PO Box 6070
East Perth, WA 6892
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17[th] June 2019

RAMELIUS UNVEILS 1 MILLION OUNCE LIFE OF MINE PLAN

HIGHLIGHTS

  • Landmark +1,000,000 ounce Au life of mine plan ( LoM ) across 5 years, FY20 to FY24

  • Average All-in Sustaining Costs ( AISC ) over life of mine at A$1,220 - A$1,320/oz

  • LoM consists predominantly of Ore Reserves and Indicated Mineral Resources with only 12% of Inferred Resources*

  • Tampia project Strategic Review complete confirming haulage option to Edna May mill

  • Initial Resources & Reserves from recently acquired Tampia and Marda projects

  • Greenfinch revised 16.6Ha Clearing Permit area submitted 14 June 2019

  • Initial Mineral Resource at recent Symes’ Find discovery highlights potential for extensions

Ramelius Resources Limited ( ASX:RMS ) ( “Ramelius”, “the Company” ) is pleased to provide a significantly upgraded Life of Mine plan, along with updated Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve positions, to shareholders from its portfolio of assets located in Western Australia (refer Figure 5).

This mine plan confirms the ability of Ramelius to produce in excess of 1,000,000oz at an average AISC of A$1,220 - A$1,320/oz over a five year mine life with the potential to deliver further resource extensions from current operations.

In addition, Ramelius wishes to provide an update on the outcome of the Strategic Review over the Company’s recently acquired Tampia gold project near Narembeen, WA. The review has confirmed the economic benefits of open pit mining at Tampia and trucking ore to a modified Edna May processing plant approximately 140km to the north.

Ramelius Managing Director, Mark Zeptner, said : “ This is a landmark result in the history of Ramelius Resources. Although we have been a successful gold miner for more than 10 years, we have never been in a position to demonstrate such a significant mine life. It is a testament to all of our team that we can now articulate a long-term plan with production scale, strong margins and an achievable approach to reserve replacement that gives us confidence that this visibility around mine life is here to stay.”

Ramelius Chairman, Kevin Lines, said : “This new mine plan, coupled with what we expect to be strong operating margins, allows Ramelius significant flexibility in pursuing additional value accretive acquisitions as well as opening the door for consistent dividend payments in accordance with the policy announced at our AGM in 2018.”

The Company advises it will hold a teleconference to provide investors, analysts and media an opportunity to discuss this update. This will be held at 11am AEST, 17 June 2019 with details attached at the end of this ASX Release.

* Cautionary Statement: The Life of Mine plan contains Inferred Mineral Resources, refer to page 4.

NEW LIFE OF MINE PLAN

Figure 1 below outlines annual production targets and the relative contributions to group gold production from key projects and production centres. Group gold production in the FY20 year is now predicted to be marginally lower (215koz) than previously estimated (230-250koz) primarily due to the effect of moving the Greenfinch open pit project at Edna May back six months to allow time for the Western Australian government to assess our significantly reduced Clearing Permit. Conversely group gold production in FY21 is estimated to be 235koz.

It is anticipated that this life of mine plan will form the basis of a ‘rolling’ five year group life of mine outlook that will give shareholders greater visibility around future production, cashflows and dividends.

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Figure 1 – Ramelius Group Production profile

Primarily as a result of increased labour costs being experienced in the Western Australia mining sector, Ramelius expects a marginal increase in AISC going forward. Table 1 outlines group AISC, capital expenditure (which includes a $20M pa. exploration spend) and gold production expectations per financial year:

Table 1 – AISC, Capex and Gold Production

FY2020* FY2021 FY2022 FY2023 FY2024 Total/Average
AISC ($A/oz) 1,225 - 1,325
1,190 - 1,290

1,220 - 1,320

1,200 - 1,300

1,280 - 1,380

1,220 - 1,320
Capital (A$M) 80-90 65-75 25-35 30-40 30-40 230-280
Production (oz) 214,500 235,500 248,000 234,500 152,000 1,084,500

*A breakdown of Quarterly gold production by source, AISC and Capital requirements for FY20 will be provided in July 2019, as per the Company’s normal reporting practice.

2

Mt Magnet Processing Profile

The milling profile for Mt Magnet over the life of mine plan sees a continued mix of base load, large tonnage open pit ore sources such as Milky Way, Eridanus and Morning Star and high grade underground mines such as Vivien, Hill 60 and Shannon. Vivien is assumed to contribute only in the FY20 year, although a significant deeper diamond drill program is currently underway aimed at defining additional resources and extending the mine life. Results from this program are expected early in the new financial year.

Detailed scheduling (refer Figure 2) has been completed to ensure a balance between high and low grade feed sources as well as oxide, transitional and fresh material to ensure optimal milling rates. The processing plant runs consistently at a rate of 1.9 – 2.0Mtpa.

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Figure 2 – Milling schedule by source at Mt Magnet

Edna May Processing Profile

The throughput rate at Edna May is expected to reduce from its current 2.7Mtpa nameplate capacity to a 2.0Mtpa rate to accommodate the need for a finer grind for both the Marda and Tampia Hill ore sources, which will become the base load ore feed over the coming five years. The reduction in throughput will be more than offset by a significant increase in average grade through the mill. The historical 1.0 – 1.2 g/t Edna May open cut will be replaced by higher grade Marda (2.4 g/t) and Tampia Hill (2.8 g/t) material.

The Greenfinch deposit at Edna May has been assumed to receive Clearing Permit approval based on a significantly smaller area of disturbance, with production now anticipated to commence early in the FY21 year. Our new discovery, Symes’ Find, is currently scheduled for development later in the Life of Mine plan, although recent drilling results provide encouragement for this project to potentially move forward in the schedule (refer Figure 3).

3

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Figure 3 – Milling schedule by source at Edna May

ORE RESERVE & MINERAL RESOURCE CONTRIBUTION TO GROUP MINE PLAN*

The new life of mine plan is driven predominantly from Ore Reserves in the first instance with a small contribution from Mineral Resources that, in the view of Ramelius, are likely to be converted to Ore Reserves (refer Figure 4).

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Figure 4 – Life of Mine Production by JORC Category

*The Life of Mine plan and processing schedules are a Production Target that contains a small proportion of Inferred Resources (12%). There is a low level of geological confidence associated with inferred mineral resources and there is no certainty that further exploration work will result in the determination of indicated mineral resources or that the production target itself will be realised.

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Ramelius has spent approximately A$20M on exploration in the FY19 year, and it is anticipated that this rate of expenditure will continue into the foreseeable future, focused heavily on the two production centres in order to continue resource replacement such that the recently achieved mine plan is maintained and “rolls forward” over time.

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Figure 5 - Ramelius’ Operations & Development Project Locations

5

TAMPIA HILL PROJECT (WA) - STRATEGIC REVIEW RESULTS

Ramelius is pleased to outline the broad outcomes of its Tampia Hill Strategic Review in which the Company aimed to determine the best economic outcomes for the development of the project located near Narembeen, WA, which was acquired via the takeover of ASX listed Explaurum Limited ( Explaurum ) in early 2019.

Broadly, the premise of the strategic review was to compare the merits of an on-site processing facility at Tampia (‘milling option’) versus mining only at Tampia with ore haulage to the Company’s Edna May gold mine located some 140km to the north (‘haulage option’). Ramelius notes that the focus of this strategic review, as with all development projects within the Company’s portfolio, was to provide a mining and processing plan that has a high likelihood of being deliverable. A significantly more conservative approach was applied over most elements of resource modelling, mining and processing parameters than was used by Explaurum during their own studies. This approach was broadly consistent with the approach taken by Ramelius’ due diligence during the acquisition process.

The review’s findings, along with a comparison with the previous Feasibility Study completed by Explaurum (May 2018), are discussed below.

Resource Block Model

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Note: Mineral Resource is reported in full on page 9

Ramelius’ ore interpretation has generated higher confidence lode shapes with more credible geological and grade continuity. A minimum 2-3m lode thickness is used for the shallow dipping lodes. An example of the effect of this is illustrated clearly below in Figure 6a and 6b.

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Figure 6a - EXU Interpretation (May 2018)

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Figure 6b - RMS Interpretation (May 2019)

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The result of this is a smaller Mineral Resource at a similar grade to previous estimates and focuses on the wider, high certainty lode zones within the deposit.

Mining Parameters

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*Regularising model changes Resource by +4% tonnes, -11% grade and -7% ounces

Ramelius typically carries out “regularisation” of its raw resource models which has the effect of diluting the resource and also removing some ounces. This deals effectively with sub-cells and edge effects on narrow and/or shallow dipping orezones. It then allows for a lower dilution of 2% to be applied to the regularised resource, which has a realistic Selective Mining Unit (SMU) block size, actually able to be dug by the mining fleet. For clarity, if Ramelius was to use a raw or unregularised model, then dilution in the order of 10% would be applied. In fact, that analysis has been carried out with results being similar for both approaches. Ore loss of 4% has also been applied whilst Explaurum assumed 100% of the ore would be retained during the mining process.

Finally, Ramelius has used a more conservative algorithm for processing recovery based on further test work and the Company’s understanding of the orebody, which, besides the Mace paleochannel zone, is predominantly fresh rock with only of nominal amount of the oxide ore with higher recovery. The result of this is an overall average recovery that is approximately 3-5% below that assumed by Explaurum, but again consistent with the due diligence findings.

Ore Reserve & Mine Plan

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Note: Ore Reserve is reported in full on page 11

*For both RMS options, the additional Indicated Mineral Resource sits both inside and outside of the current Ore Reserve open pit design and requires approximately a 10% improvement in bottom-line metrics (i.e. higher spot gold price, lower dilution, higher metallurgical recovery) to be economically mineable. This material has been included in the overall Mine Plan.

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Figure 7 - Pit Optimisation results showing the difference between an A$1,800/oz and 10% improvement in bottom-line metric optimisation, in the northern part of the open pit where the impact is greatest

Operating Costs

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*EXU subtracted Royalties from Revenue instead of including in Operating Costs

Upfront Capital Costs

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Summary Financials*

The key findings of the study were as follows;

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*The project financials are calculated on Ore Reserves only and are shown on a 100% basis. The Tampia project is 90% owned by Ramelius along with a 10% minority holder whom is free-carried until a decision to mine is made.

The Haulage model delivered significantly superior rates of return and NPV outcomes than the Milling Option. As a result, the Board of Ramelius has resolved to move forward with project development on the basis of milling via the Company’s Edna May production centre.

Ramelius is well versed in managing the logistics of truck-based ore haulage having successfully done so for many years at our other projects and is comfortable with this being the best outcome in terms of maximising returns on the Tampia resource. In addition, the ability of Ramelius to ensure long term mill utilisation at Edna May improves optionality on other resources that might be the subject of similar mining and haulage arrangements.

Mineral Resource

Table 2 - Mineral Resource Summary

Deposit Measured Indicated Inferred Total Resource
Tonnes
Au
Au
t
g/t
oz
Tonnes
Au
Au
t
g/t
oz
Tonnes
Au
Au
t
g/t
oz
Tonnes
Au
Au
t
g/t
oz
Tampia 390,000
2.4
31,000
7,700,000 1.7
420,000
130,000
1.8
7,400
8,200,000 1.7
460,000

Figures rounded to 2 significant figures. Rounding errors may occur.

Mineral Resource Commentary

The Tampia deposit is located 12km south-east of Narembeen and 100km south of the Edna May gold mine, in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia. Tampia is hosted within Archaean mafic-felsic granulite facies units. Gold mineralisation is hosted within a mafic gniess unit dominated by pyroxene-plagioclase-amphibole minerals. Late granitic sills intrude the mafic gniess. Gold mineralisation occurs as shallow dipping (20°-30°), 2-20m thick lode zones, subparallel to the granitic sills. Alteration includes silica, microcline, hornblende and clinopyroxene. Gold mineralisation is associated with disseminated pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite and rare pyrite. Total sulphide content of mineralised zones is typically 1-3%. Arsenic grade is a good indicator of gold mineralisation, which is frequently nuggety. The resource covers an area of 900m x 500m.

Drillhole data used for the resource comprises of 953 RC holes for 71,740m and 21 Diamond holes for 3,716m, drilled between 2015 and 2019. Drill spacing is predominantly 40m x 40m. 53 RC holes for 6,365m were completed at targeted positions on 20m infill lines by Ramelius in 2019. 133 RC holes for 8,332m were drilled in late 2018 as a close spaced ‘Grade Control’ 10m x 10m pattern in the central south area. 353 RC holes for 8,707m were drilled targeting the shallow Mace paleochannel zone in 2018. A small number of historic (pre-2015) holes (15 RC, 3 RAB and 1 DD) were included where they compared well with newer drilling.

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‘GC’ pattern
Mace zone
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Figure 8 – Tampia drillhole plan with RMS 2019 infill (blue holes)

RC drill sampling utilised a Metzke splitter to collect a primary and duplicate 3-4kg split sample from each 1m interval. Significant QAQC measures were used to check sample quality including real-time weighing of total sample and assay and comparison of duplicates from mineralised zones. Standards and blanks were submitted with all jobs. All samples were assayed by a commercial Perth laboratory via 50g Fire Assay. All samples were assayed for Au & As.

Interpretation was carried out on 20m sections striking 300°. 10m sections were used in the grade control infill drilling area. Geological interpretation was completed for the overall mafic gneiss/felsic gneiss contact and for the granite dykes.

Mineralised lodes were interpreted using a nominal 0.3-0.5 g/t cutoff and/or above 200-400 ppm arsenic anomalism. Edna May gold mineralisation is nuggety and the mineralised population is characterised by a high Coefficient of Variance. Use of arsenic anomalism helps generate coherent lode shapes, however this also means a significant proportion of gold values are sub-economic (0.2-0.3 g/t) but need to be included. Given the shallow dip, a minimum thickness of approximately 3m was used to generate realistically mineable lode shapes.

Eight primary lode domains were interpreted, plus the Mace paleochannel ore zone. Two high-grade internal subdomains were interpreted to deal with very high-grade gold values. Samples were grouped by domain, composited to 1m intervals and gold and arsenic were estimated using anisotropic searches, Ordinary Kriging and Inverse Distance¹. Top-cuts in the 98-99.5 percentile range were applied after investigation of assay domain statistics. Densities were applied by rocktype and weathering.

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Figure 9 – Tampia drilling and lode domains

Parent block size is 5mE x 10mN x 5mRL, with variable sub-blocking to a 1m x 2m x 1m minimum. Resource classification was applied based on drillhole density and interpreted mineralisation continuity. Resources have been generated for evaluation by open-pit mining. Significant changes from previous resource models occur in lode interpretation, top-cutting and estimation method. They are all designed to deliver a realistic, economically viable model.

Ore Reserve

Table 3 : Ore Reserve Summary

ORE RESERVES AS AT MAY 2019 ORE RESERVES AS AT MAY 2019 ORE RESERVES AS AT MAY 2019 ORE RESERVES AS AT MAY 2019
Deposit Proven Probable Total Reserve
Tonnes
t
Au
Au
g/t
oz
Tonnes
Au
Au
t
g/t
oz
Tonnes
Au
Au
t
g/t
oz
Tampia 170,000 3.7
20,000
2,000,000
2.7
180,000
2,200,000
2.8
200,000

Figures rounded to 2 significant figures. Rounding errors may occur.

Ore Reserve Commentary

The Resource model was regularised to an SMU size of 5mE x 10mN x 2.5mRL to generate an appropriate evaluation model. Pit optimisations and designs were carried out on the regularised models using appropriate mining and ore costs, mining recovery and dilution factors, wall angles, mill recoveries and a A$1,800/oz gold price.

Mill recovery was based on a testwork derived recovery curve based on the gold/arsenic grade ratio. A recovery was calculated for each SMU block for a method utilising carbon-in-leach (CIL) plus a pre-cursor flotation and fine grinding stage.

Mining, ore haulage, milling and additional ore costs were based on actual current rates for comparable projects and indicative contractor rates. Pit design work included use of external geotechnical recommendations and groundwater studies. Ore Reserves utilise Measured and Indicated Resources and are reported above 0.9g/t Au recovered grade. Detailed information is provided in the JORC Table 1 in Attachment A below.

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Figure 10 – Regularised block model (>0.7g/t) and initial open pit design with EXU pit outline in green

Exploration Upside

With respect to the potential for exploration potential in the Tampia area, eight viable litho-structural targets remain within the Tampia Hill Project (refer Figures 11 and 12) outlined as follows:

  • Targets 1- 4 situated along the >10km striking Tampia Shear (hosting Tampia Resource + Anomaly 8)

  • Targets 5 – 7 perceived palaeochannel (Mace Extensions / analogies)

  • Target 8 (Mt Walker) – now granted with discussions moving forward regarding land access

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Figure 11 – Tampia aeromagnetic data flown by Explaurum highlighting the limited spatial extent of drilling (coloured dots) and Ramelius’ defined drill targets along the Tampia Shear

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Figure 12 – Regional palaeochannel (Mace equivalent) targets (lhs) and detailed gold in soil anomalism over the northern Anomaly 8 (rhs) including Spartacus, Dorset and Stiletto Prospects and the broader NNE Tampia Shear gold in soil anomaly trending southwards towards the Tampia Resource

Ramelius sees excellent potential at Tampia Hill to discover more gold mineralisation along the Tampia Shear, given the shear zone can be inferred over more than 10km of strike and displays significant gold mineralisation (including the Tampia Resource) where it has been drill tested to date. A significant plus 10ppb gold in soil anomaly (disrupted by ploughed wheat paddocks) clearly maps the trend of the Tampia Shear as highlighted in Figure 12. Exploration drilling is scant along this trend as again highlighted in Figure 12. Along the shear zone, drilling is limited to selected/isolated drilling over coincident peak gold in soil anomalies and/or gravity highs. The limited drilling by Explaurum clearly shows gold mineralisation is not restricted to the dense mafic gneiss units with intersections up to 2m at 51.2 g/t Au from 44m within a solitary production water bore drilled into felsic gneiss rocks adjacent the mafic gneiss dominated Stiletto Prospect.

Given the limited amount of drilling completed to date away from the Tampia Resource, a proposed Exploration Target of between 5 million tonnes to 7 million tonnes at between 1.50 g/t Au and 2.50 g/t Au (for 250-550,000oz Au) is envisaged along the Tampia Shear. This potential tonnage and grade is conceptual in nature as there has been insufficient exploration to date to estimate a Mineral Resource and it is uncertain if further exploration will result in the estimation of a Mineral Resource. The potential tonnage is based upon the available strike of the Tampia Shear that has not yet been drill tested and takes into consideration the stacked lode geometry and shallow dip, plus the overall footprint and grade of the Tampia Resource, as re-modelled by Ramelius.

Ramelius has forecast approximately A$2M expenditure to advance its exploration targets at Tampia Hill with some 60,000m of 200x40m Aircore drilling planned over the next two years. The Company remains positive regarding the potential for these targets, in due course, to generate significant exploration success.

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GREENFINCH OPEN PIT PROJECT (WA) – REVISED CLEARING PERMIT SUBMITTED

For background, the timeline on the Greenfinch project has thus far been;

  • October 2017 – Edna May (incl. Greenfinch) purchased from Evolution Mining Ltd

  • April 2018 – EPA decision “not to assess” as environmental impacts described as “minor”

  • May 2018 – Clearing Permit application submitted

  • July 2018 – Mining Proposal approved by DMIRS

  • November 2018 – Clearing Permit application refused, Appeals process commenced

  • March 2019 – Ramelius submitted revised Clearing Permit application during Appeals process

  • May 2019 – Appeal dismissed based on original Clearing Permit application, revised application not assessed with Ramelius invited to submit revised application for formal assessment

The assessed Clearing Permit application required clearing of 48.8 hectares of vegetation, which also included the proposed re-vegetation of freehold farmland purchased nearby. DMIRS found that the application was seriously at variance with one of the ten clearing principles and at variance with three others. The primary variance was related to the removal of four Eremophila resinosa plants, which are listed as threatened flora, and associated habitat.

During the Appeals process, based on feedback from various parties, a revised clearing area was lodged by the Company which provided for a reduction in the area disturbed down to 26.3 hectares (refer Figure 14). Despite this, the Appeals Convenor only assessed the original 48.8 hectare application, whereby the existing DMIRS view was upheld and ratified by the Minister. The 26.3 hectare proposal was acknowledged but not assessed with the expectation that a revised application would be submitted by Ramelius.

The Company has further endeavoured to reduce clearing requirements associated with the projects, generally requiring waste material to be hauled a greater distance than originally planned. The final revised application included a cleared area of 16.6 hectares (refer Figure 15).

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Figure 13 – Edna May mine, Westonia township and the proposed Greenfinch open pit

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Figure 14 – Greenfinch revised 26.3ha Clearing Permit area proposed but not assessed

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Figure 15 – Greenfinch final revised 16.6ha Clearing Permit area submitted for new assessment

15

MARDA OPEN PIT PROJECT (WA) – INITIAL RESOURCE & RESERVE

Marda Deposits

The Dolly Pot, Dugite, Python and Goldstream deposits are located at Marda Central over a 2.3km strike, while the Golden Orb and King Brown deposits are located, ~12km south-west and ~17km north-west of Marda Central respectively.

Mineralisation at Marda Central is associated with Banded Iron Formation (BIF) lithologies in conjunction with localised, predominantly steeply dipping shear zones. BIFs occur within mafic basaltic rocks. Golden Orb mineralisation is associated with an east-west, steeply south dipping shear zone hosted by a BIF within mafic rocks. Gold is frequently associated with quartz veining. King Brown mineralisation is interpreted to lie within a steep east dipping shear zone within ultramafic-mafic rocks (refer Figure 16).

All deposits are characterised by deep weathering and proposed pits will be wholly within weathered rocks. Mineralisation at all deposits shows probable supergene enhancement. Groundwater levels are also deep at 50-70m, with the exception of King Brown (13m).

Marda North Deposits

The Die Hardy and Red Legs deposits are located 32km NNE of Marda Central and 5km along strike from each other. Mineralisation is associated with BIF units, adjacent to ultramafic rocks. Die Hardy strikes NW and shallowly dips (-35°) to the SW. Red Legs has a similar N-NW strike, but dips moderately (-50°) to the east.

Mineral Resource

Table 4 - Mineral Resource Summary

Deposit Indicated Inferred Total Resource
Tonnes
Au
Au
t
g/t
oz
Tonnes
Au
Au
t
g/t
oz
Tonnes
Au
Au
t
g/t
oz
Marda Deposits > 0.8 g/t
Dolly Pot
Dugite
Python
Goldstream
Golden Orb
KingBrown
560,000
1.7
31,000
250,000
1.9
15,000
760,000
1.9
47,000
100,000
2.5
8,300
370,000
3.0
35,000
130,000
4.3
18,000
44,000
1.7
2,300
170,000
1.8
10,000
130,000
1.4
5,900
190,000
1.8
11,000
41,000
1.9
2,600
610,000
1.7
34,000
250,000
1.9
15,000
940,000
1.9
57,000
230,000
1.9
14,000
560,000
2.6
46,000
170,000
3.7
21,000
Total Marda 2,200,000 2.2
160,000
580,000
1.7
32,000
2,800,000 2.1
190,000
Marda North Deposits > 0.8 g/t
Die Hardy
Red Legs
1,100,000 1.5
57,000
500,000
1.4
23,000
1,600,000 1.5
80,000
370,000
2.9
34,000
370,000
2.9
34,000
Total Marda Nth 1,100,000 1.5
57,000
870,000
2.0
57,000
2,000,000 1.8
110,000
Total Resource 3,300,000 2.0
210,000
1,400,000 1.9
89,000
4,800,000 2.0
300,000

Figures rounded to 2 significant figures. Rounding errors may occur.

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Ramelius Resources Ramelius Resources
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Figure 16 - Marda deposits and regional geology plan

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Mineral Resource Commentary

The Marda resources were generated using historic and new Ramelius drilling. Historic drilling comprises of a number of drill programmes, with the principal phase consisting of 267 RC and 35 Diamond or diamond tail holes completed in 2011 by Southern Cross Resources.

Ramelius conducted a confirmatory drill programme in March 2019. Forty-five holes for 3,357m were completed over the six deposits. Drilling targeted core ore zones and also tested potential strike or depth extensions. Drilling returned a number of strong results and confirmed mineralisation at all deposits. Highlight results from Marda included;

  • 12m at 2.72 g/t Au from 17m in MARC0014 - Goldstream

  • 30m at 2.66 g/t Au from 40m in MARC0017 - Python

  • 53m at 1.28 g/t Au from 17m in MARC0023 - Dolly Pot

  • 26m at 6.27 g/t Au from 30m in GORC0094 - Golden Orb ➢ 37m at 8.07 g/t Au from 11m in KBRC0086 - King Brown

Complete drilling results are available in ASX release, ‘March 2019 Quarterly Activities Report’, 30/04/2019 Intercept true widths are generally 60-70%. Intercepts for MARC0023, GORC0094 (below) & KBRC0023 are down-dip and exaggerated.

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GORC0094
26m @ 6.3 g/t from 30m
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Figure 17 - Golden Orb local cross-section looking East

Interpretation was carried out on 12.5m or 20m spaced sections using a nominal 0.5-0.8 g/t lower cut-off. A minimum 3m downhole intercept was used and some sub-grade material was included to maintain lode width & shape continuity.

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RC 3kg cone split sub-samples were assayed by Fire Assay at a Perth commercial laboratory. Appropriate QAQC samples accompanied primary sample batches.

Samples were grouped by domain, composited to 1m intervals and gold was estimated using anisotropic searches and Inverse Distance ². Top-cuts in the 97-99 percentile range were applied after investigation of assay domain statistics. Resource classification was applied based on drillhole density and interpreted mineralisation continuity. Resources have been generated for evaluation by open-pit mining. Resource dimensions range from around 140m (Dugite) to 450m (Golden Orb) strike length and 60-90m down dip. Previous models existed for all resources and have been compared.

The Die Hardy and Red Legs deposits were re-interpreted and estimated by Ramelius in May 2019. The same interpretation and modelling methods as above are applied, however no new drilling has been conducted by Ramelius and all drill data is historic. Drilling consists of RAB and RC holes completed by Savage Resources in 1996. Sampling and QAQC methods were previously validated by Southern Cross Resources and considered appropriate for resource estimation. Interpretation was carried out on 25-40m sections using a 0.5 g/t cutoff. Estimation was carried out by anisotropic Ordinary Kriging of domained, 1m composited, top-cut sample. Ramelius plans to complete infill drilling and re-model the deposits in the 2019 calendar year.

Ore Reserve

Table 5 - Ore Reserve Summary

Deposit Probable Total Reserve
Tonnes
Au
Au
t
g/t
oz
Tonnes
Au
Au
t
g/t
oz
Dolly Pot
Dugite
Python
Goldstream
Golden Orb East
Golden Orb West
KingBrown
300,000
1.7
16,000
170,000
2.0
11,000
320,000
2.2
22,000
71,000
2.6
6,000
64,000
4.2
8,600
140,000
2.7
12,000
75,000
5.3
13,000
300,000
1.7
16,000
170,000
2.0
11,000
320,000
2.2
22,000
71,000
2.6
6,000
64,000
4.2
8,600
140,000
2.7
12,000
75,000
5.3
13,000
Total Marda 1,100,000
2.4
89,000
1,100,000
2.4
89,000

Figures rounded to 2 significant figures. Rounding errors may occur.

Ore Reserve Commentary

Pit optimisations and designs were carried out on the Mineral Resource models using appropriate mining recovery and dilution factors, wall angles, mill recoveries and a A$1,700/oz gold price. Mining, ore haulage, milling and additional ore costs were based on actual current rates for comparable projects and indicative contractor rates. Pit design work included use of external geotechnical recommendations and groundwater studies.

Ore Reserves only utilise Indicated Resources and are reported above 1.0 g/t Au. Detailed information is provided in the JORC Table 1 in Attachment B below.

19

==> picture [465 x 333] intentionally omitted <==

Figure 18 - Dolly Pot Drilling, Resource Model and Pit Design

Development Update

Resource drilling and project development activities (studies, costings and statutory approvals) have been progressing on the Marda Project since completion of the acquisition.

Capital expenditure estimates have been reduced significantly as a result of Ramelius being able to utilise airstrip facilities and camp accommodation from Mineral Resources Limited’s nearby Windarling mine.

As a result, the most significant capital contributions will be made towards a ~$5M program of water bore drilling and haul road upgrade works starting in June 2019. This capital works program is estimated to take three months with onsite establishment and mining works to commence at the Marda Project in August and for ore haulage to commence to the Edna May mill in late September 2019.

20

SYMES’ FIND PROJECT (WA) – MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATE

Ramelius is pleased to announce an initial Mineral Resource estimate over its new, shallow Symes’ Find discovery located some 80km from the Edna May production centre, outlined in Table 6 below.

Table 6 - Mineral Resource Summary

Deposit Indicated Inferred Total Resource
Tonnes
Au
Au
t
g/t
oz
Tonnes
Au
Au
t
g/t
oz
Tonnes
Au
Au
t
g/t
oz
Symes Find 400,000
1.9
24,000
150,000
2.1
10,000
540,000
1.9
34,000

Figures rounded to 2 significant figures. Rounding errors may occur.

Mineral Resource Commentary

Symes’ Find is hosted within mafic amphibolite units intruded by east-west trending pegmatites. Weathering is moderate to deep. Mineralisation is variable and comprises of surficial laterites, shallow undulating supergene and primary lode zones plus moderate to steep dipping quartz vein hosted lodes.

Drilling data consists of a small historic dataset of 39 holes drilled in the 1980’s plus significant recent drilling by Ramelius in 2018/19. New Ramelius drilling consists of 214 RC holes for 8,021m. Drilling targeted both shallow laterite and deeper supergene and lodes zones and is on a nominal spacing of 20m x 20m. Interpretation was carried out on 20m spaced sections using a nominal 0.5-0.8 g/t lower cut-off. A minimum 3m downhole intercept was used and some subgrade material was included to maintain lode width & shape continuity. RC 3kg cone split sub-samples were assayed by Fire Assay at a Perth commercial laboratory. Appropriate QAQC samples accompanied primary sample batches.

Samples were grouped by domain, composited to 1m intervals and gold was estimated using anisotropic searches and Inverse Distance². Top-cuts in the 97-99 percentile range were applied after investigation of assay domain statistics. Resource classification was applied based on drillhole density and interpreted mineralisation continuity. Resources have been generated for evaluation by open-pit mining. Detailed information is provided in the JORC Table 1 in Attachment C below.

As per the plan view below, the laterite zone is still open to the south west and south east and will be the subject of further exploration activity once land access arrangements have been finalised.

==> picture [287 x 232] intentionally omitted <==

Figure 19 - Plan view - Symes Find Resource model

21

OTHER EXTENSIONAL EXPLORATION ACTIVITIES

In addition to the important “point in time” Life of Mine described above, the Company is currently drilling for further mine life extensions at;

  • Vivien Underground – mid-way through a comprehensive underground diamond drilling program designed to extend resources from the base of the current resource, ~400m below surface, to a depth of 700m below surface.

  • Eridanus – deeper RC drilling, down to 400m below surface, below the designed Eridanus open pit to test for both cutback open pit and underground potential. This program follows up on encouraging results previously reported.

  • Edna May Underground – currently part way through a 12-hole surface diamond drill program designed to extend the underground ore reserve (450m below surface), to approximately 600m below surface.

  • Tampia (Anomaly 8) – Aircore drilling is currently underway

  • Symes Find – access has been gained on the Exploration Leases (EL77/2474) to the north of the Mining Lease (M77/1111), upon which an Aircore programme is scheduled to commence early next financial year

Exploration results will be reported once programs are complete and results are to hand.

For further information contact:

Investor enquiries:

Mark Zeptner

Tim Manners

Media enquiries:

Luke Forrestal

Managing Director Chief Financial Officer Associate Director Ramelius Resources Ltd Ramelius Resources Ltd Media & Capital Partners Ph: +61 8 9202 1127 Ph: + 61 8 9202 1127 Ph: +61 411 479 144

CONFERENCE CALL

Details for the conference call to be held at 9am (WST) / 11am (AEST), Monday 17 June 2019 are as follows:

Within Australia (Toll Free): 1800 809 971 Alternate Australia (Toll Free): 1800 558 698 International: +61 2 9007 3187

Conference ID: 10000767

Alternatively, participants can register for the call by navigating to: https://services.choruscall.com.au/diamondpass/rameliusresources-10000767.html

Please note that registered participants will received their dial-in number upon registration.

22

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report contains forward looking statements. The forward looking statements are based on current expectations, estimates, assumptions, forecasts and projections and the industry in which it operates as well as other factors that management believes to be relevant and reasonable in the circumstances at the date such statements are made, but which may prove to be incorrect. The forward looking statements relate to future matters and are subject to various inherent risks and uncertainties. Many known and unknown factors could cause actual events or results to differ materially from the estimated or anticipated events or results expressed or implied by any forward looking statements. Such factors include, among others, changes in market conditions, future prices of gold and exchange rate movements, the actual results of production, development and/or exploration activities, variations in grade or recovery rates, plant and/or equipment failure and the possibility of cost overruns. Neither Ramelius, its related bodies corporate nor any of their directors, officers, employees, agents or contractors makes any representation or warranty (either express or implied) as to the accuracy, correctness, completeness, adequacy, reliability or likelihood of fulfilment of any forward looking statement, or any events or results expressed or implied in any forward looking statement, except to the extent required by law.

COMPETENT PERSONS

The information in this report that relates to Exploration Results, Exploration Targets, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves is based on information compiled by Kevin Seymour (Exploration Results & Exploration Targets), Rob Hutchison (Mineral Resources) and Duncan Coutts (Ore Reserves), who are Competent Persons and Members of The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Kevin Seymour, Rob Hutchison and Duncan Coutts are full-time employees of the company. Kevin Seymour, Rob Hutchison and Duncan Coutts have sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity being undertaken to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the “Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves”. Kevin Seymour, Rob Hutchison and Duncan Coutts consent to the inclusion in this report of the matters based on their information in the form and context in which it appears.

23

Attachment A: JORC Table 1 Report Tampia Project

Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Sampling
techniques

Nature and quality of sampling (eg cut
channels, random chips, or specific specialised
industry standard measurement tools
appropriate to the minerals under investigation,
such as down hole gamma sondes, or
handheld XRF instruments, etc). These
examples should not be taken as limiting the
broad meaning of sampling.

Include reference to measures taken to ensure
sample representivity and the appropriate
calibration of any measurement tools or
systems used.

Aspects of the determination of mineralisation
that are Material to the Public Report.

In cases where ‘industry standard’ work has
been done this would be relatively simple (eg
‘reverse circulation drilling was used to obtain 1
m samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to
produce a 30 g charge for fire assay’). In other
cases more explanation may be required, such
as where there is coarse gold that has inherent
sampling problems. Unusual commodities or
mineralisation types (eg submarine nodules)
may warrant disclosure of detailed information.
• Over 95% of sampling gold was conducted using 1m
intervals collected from reverse circulation (RC) drill holes.
Surface Diamond holes may be sampled along sub 1m
geological contacts, otherwise 1m intervals are the default.
• RAB drilling occurs and is generally excluded from
resource modelling with a few minor exceptions.
• Drill hole locations were designed to allow for spatial
spread across the interpreted mineralised zone. All RC
samples were collected and split to 3-4kg samples on 1m
metre intervals. Diamond core is half cut along downhole
orientation lines. Half core is sent to the laboratory for
analysis and the other half is retained for future reference.
• Standard fire assaying was employed using a 50gm
charge with an AAS finish for all diamond, RC and RAB
samples.
Drilling
techniques
Drill type (eg core, reverse circulation, open-
hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka,
sonic, etc) and details (eg core diameter, triple
or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face-
sampling bit or other type, whether core is
oriented and if so, by what method, etc).
• Drilling was completed using 5 ¾” face sampling RC
drilling hammers for all RC drill holes. Diamond drilling
used HQ and NQ diamond core. RAB holes were
completed using 4” blade bits or hammers.
Drill sample
recovery
Method of recording and assessing core and
chip sample recoveries and results assessed.
Measures taken to maximise sample recovery
and ensure representative nature of the
samples.
Whether a relationship exists between sample
recovery and grade and whether sample bias
may have occurred due to preferential
loss/gain of fine/coarse material.
• RC primary, duplicate and total sample was weighed and
graphed at the rig to check sample recovery and interval
accuracy. All diamond core is jigsawed to ensure any core
loss, if present is fully accounted for. Any wet,
contaminated or poor sample returns are flagged and
recorded in the database to flag potential sampling bias.
• Zones of poor sample return both in RC are recorded in
the database and cross checked once assay results are
received from the laboratory to ensure no
misrepresentation of sampling intervals has occurred.
Logging Whether core and chip samples have been
geologically and geotechnically logged to a
level of detail to support appropriate Mineral
Resource estimation, mining studies and
metallurgical studies.
Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in
nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc)
photography.
The total length and percentage of the relevant
intersections logged.
• Samples are geologically logged on site by geologists.
Details on the rock type, mineralogy, fabrics and textures
are recorded.
• Drill hole logging is qualitative on visual recordings of rock
forming minerals and on estimates of mineral abundance.
Additionally a downhole Televiewer collected structural
information including contacts, folications, banding and
veining and a geophysical tool collected gamma density
and magnetic susceptibility measurements.
• All core photographed wet & dry prior to cutting
• The entire length of each drill hole is geologically logged.
Sub-sampling
techniques and
If core, whether cut or sawn and whether
quarter, half or all core taken.
If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled,
• Core samples were sawn and half core sampled.
• Over 95% of RC 1m samples were split to 3kg via a
Metzke splitter–a powered rotary device designed to

24

sample
preparation
rotary split, etc and whether sampled wet or
dry.
For all sample types, the nature, quality and
appropriateness of the sample preparation
technique.
Quality control procedures adopted for all sub-
sampling stages to maximise representivity of
samples.
Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is
representative of the in situ material collected,
including for instance results for field
duplicate/second-half sampling.
Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the
grain size of the material being sampled.
reduce sampling variance. A primary and duplicate sample
was collected for each interval. The Metzke splitter also
deals with wet samples more effectively.
A small proportion of sampling was conducted using a rig
mounted cone splitter.
• All samples are pulverized prior to splitting in the
laboratory to ensure homogenous samples with 85%
passing 75um. 200gm is extracted by spatula that is used
for the 50gm charge on standard fire assays.
• Significant numbers of mineralised duplicate samples were
selected based on Arsenic grade (by handheld pXRF
analysis) and submitted. Analysis of duplicates shows
good quality.
• The sample size is considered appropriate for the type,
style, thickness and consistency of mineralization.
Quality of
assay data and
laboratory tests
The nature, quality and appropriateness of the
assaying and laboratory procedures used and
whether the technique is considered partial or
total.
For geophysical tools, spectrometers,
handheld XRF instruments, etc, the
parameters used in determining the analysis
including instrument make and model, reading
times, calibrations factors applied and their
derivation, etc.
Nature of quality control procedures adopted
(eg standards, blanks, duplicates, external
laboratory checks) and whether acceptable
levels of accuracy (ie lack of bias) and
precision have been established.
• The fire assay method is designed to measure the total
gold. The technique involves standard fire assays using a
50gm sample charge with a lead flux (decomposed in the
furnace). The prill is totally digested by HCl and HNO3
acids before measurement of the gold determination by
AAS.
• No field analyses of gold grades are completed.
Quantitative analysis of the gold content is undertaken in a
controlled laboratory environment.
Handheld pXRF analysis of Arsenic and alteration minerals
was conducted in the field as a 1stpass indication of
mineralised zones. Arsenic final grade generated by
laboratory analysis.
• Industry best practice was employed with the inclusion of
duplicates and standards. Standards and blanks are
interrogated to ensure they lie within acceptable
tolerances. Additionally, sample size, grind size and field
duplicates were examined to ensure no bias to gold grades
exists.
Verification of
sampling and
assaying
The verification of significant intersections by
either independent or alternative company
personnel.
The use of twinned holes.
Documentation of primary data, data entry
procedures, data verification, data storage
(physical and electronic) protocols.
Discuss any adjustment to assay data.
• Ramelius personnel have inspected the diamond core and
RC chips in the field to verify the correlation of mineralised
zones between assay results and lithology, alteration and
mineralization.
• A number of holes effectively replicate existing holes and
provide good correlation. 133 close spaced RC holes (10m
x 10m) were completed and give a good indication of short
range grade continuity.
• Holes are digitally logged in the field and data is collected
in auto validating spreadsheets. These sheets were loaded
into an Access database using scripting and further
validation steps. Data was then exported to Micromine for
visual validation by the Project Geologist.
• The responsible geologist makes the DBA aware of any
errors and/or omissions to the database and the
corrections (if required) are corrected in the database
immediately.
• No adjustments or calibrations are made to any of the
assay data recorded in the database.
Location of
data points
Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate
drill holes (collar and down-hole surveys),
trenches, mine workings and other locations
used in Mineral Resource estimation.
Specification of the grid system used.
Quality and adequacy of topographic control.
• All drill hole collars are picked up using accurate DGPS
survey control by a commercial survey contractor. All
down hole surveys are collected using downhole gyro
surveying techniques provided by the drilling contractors.
• All holes were picked up in MGA94 – Zone 50 grid
coordinates. A Local grid was used for final modelling and
utilises a two-point transformation.

25

• An accurate topographic surface has been established
from a recent aerial survey and is used to check DGPS
surveys.
Data spacing
and distribution
Data spacing for reporting of Exploration
Results.
Whether the data spacing and distribution is
sufficient to establish the degree of geological
and grade continuity appropriate for the
Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimation
procedure(s) and classifications applied.
Whether sample compositing has been
applied.
• The dominant RC pattern is a 40m x 40m grid. Ramelius
has added selected infill drilling on 20m infill sections on
variable 20-50m spacings. 6 lines of 10m x 10m infill RC
were included in the central south area of the deposit.
Diamond holes all included and a minor number of historic
RC holes were included where supported by surrounding
holes.
• Drill spacing is sufficient to establish appropriate continuity
and classifications.
• No physical compositing has been applied within
mineralised intervals.
Orientation of
data in relation
to geological
structure
Whether the orientation of sampling achieves
unbiased sampling of possible structures and
the extent to which this is known, considering
the deposit type.
If the relationship between the drilling
orientation and the orientation of key
mineralised structures is considered to have
introduced a sampling bias, this should be
assessed and reported if material.
• The RC drilling is completed orthogonal to the interpreted
strike and dip of the mineralisation.
• No orientation bias is evident
Sample
security
The measures taken to ensure sample
security.
• All bagged samples are delivered via a certified freight
company to the assay laboratory in Perth, whereupon the
laboratory checks the physically received samples against
sample submission/dispatch notes.
Audits or
reviews
The results of any audits or reviews of
sampling techniques and data.
• No external audits have been completed to date.

Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Mineral
tenement and
land tenure
status
Type, reference name/number, location and
ownership including agreements or material
issues with third parties such as joint ventures,
partnerships, overriding royalties, native title
interests, historical sites, wilderness or national
park and environmental settings.
The security of the tenure held at the time of
reporting along with any known impediments to
obtaining a licence to operate in the area.
• The results reported in this report are located on granted
Mining Leases (ML) owned by Explaurum Limited, which is
under Compulsory Acquistion by Ramelius Resources Ltd.
• Currently all the tenements are in good standing. There are
no known impediments to obtaining a licences to operate in
either area.
• The project sits on freehold farmland for which an mining
access agreement or purchase is still required.
Exploration done
by other parties
Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration
by other parties.
• Exploration and dilling by other parties has been reviewed
and used. Previous parties have completed shallow RAB,
Diamond and RC drilling. Companies include BHP 1980’s,
Nexus Minerals 1990’s, Auzex Exploration and Explaurum
Ltd (EXU) from 2014.
Geology Deposit type, geological setting and style of
mineralisation.
• Tampia is hosted within an Archaean mafic-felsic granulite
facies units. Gold mineralisation is hosted within a mafic
gniess unit dominated by pyroxene-plagioclse -amphibole
minerals. Late granitic sills intrude the mafic gniess. Gold
mineralisation occurs as shallow dipping (20°-30°), 2-20m
thick lode zones sub-parallel to the granitic sills. Gold
mineralisation of associated with disseminated pyrrhotite,
arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite and rare pyrite.
• The mafic gniess, granite sills and mineralised lodes have a
shallowSEdipping, gentlyfolded orientation forming a

26

‘bowl’shaped geometry.
Drill hole
Information
A summary of all information material to the
understanding of the exploration results
including a tabulation of the following
information for all Material drill holes:
o easting and northing of the drill hole collar
o elevation or RL (Reduced Level – elevation
above sea level in metres) of the drill hole collar
o dip and azimuth of the hole
o down hole length and interception depth
o hole length.
If the exclusion of this information is justified on
the basis that the information is not Material and
this exclusion does not detract from the
understanding of the report, the Competent
Person should clearly explain why this is the
case.
• All drill holes completed, including holes with no significant
results (as defined in the Attachments) are reported in
previous announcements by Explaurum Ltd and Ramelius
Resources.
• Easting and northing are given in MGA94 Z50 coordinates
as defined in the Attachments
• RL is AHD
• Dip is the inclination of the hole from the horizontal.
Azimuth is reported in MGA94 degrees. MGA94 and
magnetic degrees vary by <2 in the project area.
• Down hole length is the distance measured along the drill
hole trace. Intersection length is the thickness of an
anomalous gold intersection measured along the drill hole
trace.
• Hole length is the distance from the surface to the end of
the hole measured along the drill hole trace.
• No results currently available from the exploration drilling
are excluded from reports.
Data aggregation
methods
In reporting Exploration Results, weighting
averaging techniques, maximum and/or
minimum grade truncations (eg cutting of high
grades) and cut-off grades are usually Material
and should be stated.
Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short
lengths of high grade results and longer lengths
of low grade results, the procedure used for
such aggregation should be stated and some
typical examples of such aggregations should
be shown in detail.
The assumptions used for any reporting of
metal equivalent values should be clearly
stated.
• The first gold assay result received from each sample
reported by the laboratory is tabled in the list of significant
assays. Subsequent repeat analyses when performed by
the laboratory are checked against the original to ensure
repeatability of the assay results.
• Weighted average techniques are applied to determine the
grade of the anomalous interval when geological intervals
less than 1m have been sampled.
• Exploration drilling results are generally reported using a
nominal 0.3 g/t Au lower cut-off (as reported in the previous
Attachments) and may include up to 4m of sub-grade
internal dilution. No metal equivalent reporting is used or
applied.
Relationship
between
mineralisation
widths and
intercept lengths
These relationships are particularly important in
the reporting of Exploration Results.
If the geometry of the mineralisation with
respect to the drill hole angle is known, its
nature should be reported.
If it is not known and only the down hole lengths
are reported, there should be a clear statement
to this effect (eg ‘down hole length, true width
not known’).
• The intersection length is measured down the length of the
hole and essentially true width.
• The known geometry of the mineralisation with respect to
the drill holes reported in this report is well understood.
Diagrams Appropriate maps and sections (with scales)
and tabulations of intercepts should be included
for any significant discovery being reported
These should include, but not be limited to a
plan view of drill hole collar locations and
appropriate sectional views.
• Example maps and sections are included.
Balanced
reporting
Where comprehensive reporting of all
Exploration Results is not practicable,
representative reporting of both low and high
grades and/or widths should be practiced to
avoid misleading reporting of Exploration
Results.
• All drill holes completed to date are reported in previous
releases and all material intersections are reported.
Other
substantive
exploration data
Other exploration data, if meaningful and
material, should be reported including (but not
limited to): geological observations; geophysical
survey results; geochemical survey results; bulk
samples –size and method of treatment;
• No other exploration data that has been collected is
considered meaningful and material to this report.

27

metallurgical test results; bulk density,
groundwater, geotechnical and rock
characteristics; potential deleterious or
contaminating substances.
Further work The nature and scale of planned further work
(eg tests for lateral extensions or depth
extensions or large-scale step-out drilling).
Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of
possible extensions, including the main
geological interpretations and future drilling
areas, provided this information is not
commercially sensitive.
• Exploration of the wider Tampia project area is in progress.
Additional resource infill drilling may take place prior to
commencement of mining.

Section 3 Estimation and Reporting of Mineral Resources

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Database
integrity
Measures taken to ensure that data has not
been corrupted by, for example, transcription
or keying errors, between its initial collection
and its use for Mineral Resource estimation
purposes.
Data validation procedures used.
• Data was imported from digital logging sheets and
validated via a number of steps when entered into the
Access database. Validation includes scripting checks and
final visual validation by the Resource geologist.
• Data was exported from the Access database as
Micromine data files for use in the estimate
Site visits Comment on any site visits undertaken by the
Competent Person and the outcome of those
visits.
If no site visits have been undertaken indicate
why this is the case.
• The Competent Person is a full-time employee of Ramelius
Resources and has made two site visits
• Visits verified understanding of deposit and available
information
Geological
interpretation
Confidence in (or conversely, the uncertainty
of) the geological interpretation of the mineral
deposit.
Nature of the data used and of any
assumptions made.
The effect, if any, of alternative interpretations
on Mineral Resource estimation.
The use of geology in guiding and controlling
Mineral Resource estimation.
The factors affecting continuity both of grade
and geology.
• Confidence in the geological interpretation is reasonably
high.
• Data used includes drilling assays & logging, density and
multi-element data from a number of generations of drilling.
• No alternate interpretation required
• Geology forms a base component in the mineralisation
interpretation. Mineralisation is sub-parallel to the banding
and granitic sills.
Dimensions The extent and variability of the Mineral
Resource expressed as length (along strike or
otherwise), plan width, and depth below
surface to the upper and lower limits of the
Mineral Resource.
• The deposit has a strike of 1000m, down-dip width of
around 400m and depth extent of around 150m.
Estimation and
modelling
techniques
The nature and appropriateness of the
estimation technique(s) applied and key
assumptions, including treatment of extreme
grade values, domaining, interpolation
parameters and maximum distance of
extrapolation from data points. If a computer
assisted estimation method was chosen
include a description of computer software and
parameters used.
The availability of check estimates, previous
estimates and/or mine production records and
whether the Mineral Resource estimate takes
appropriate account of such data.
The assumptions made regarding recovery of
by-products.
• The interpretation of the mineralised lodes forms the grade
domains. A minimum thickness of 2-3m is used and lodes
frequently incorporate sub-grade material to generate
viable ore shapes. Mulitiple lode domains were generated
reflecting the different lodes and grades. Two internal high-
grade sub domains where interpreted to control zones of
notably higher grade.
• The resource model was constructed using Micromine
software.
• Grade within the domain is estimated by geological
software using Inverse Distance¹ within hard bounded
domains. Ordinary Kriging grades were generated and
compared.
• Gold and Arsenic grade is estimated
• Arsenic grade has a impact on recovery and is used to

28

Estimation of deleterious elements or other
non-grade variables of economic significance
(e.g. sulphur for acid mine drainage
characterisation).
In the case of block model interpolation, the
block size in relation to the average sample
spacing and the search employed.
Any assumptions behind modelling of selective
mining units.
Any assumptions about correlation between
variables.
Description of how the geological interpretation
was used to control the resource estimates.
Discussion of basis for using or not using
grade cutting or capping.
The process of validation, the checking
process used, the comparison of model data to
drill hole data, and use of reconciliation data if
available.
calculate mill recoveries using a formula.
• Parent cell of 5mE x 10mN x 5mRL with sub-cells to
minimum of 1mE x 2mN x 1mRL. Parent cell estimation
only. The sub-cell size is small to allow for narrow sections
of the lode to be defined. Parent cells are SMU size or
larger.
• Domains are statistically analysed and assigned
appropriate search directions, top-cuts and estimation
parameters. The search is aligned with the observed
geological strike and dip of the lodes. Lodes domains
estimated separately.
• Samples were composited within ore domains to 1m
lengths.
• Top cuts were applied to domains after review of grade
population characteristics. Topcuts used ranged from 20 to
70 g/t for the primary lode domains and 120 & 150 g/t for
the two high-grade sub-domains.
• Validation includes visual comparison against drillhole
grades and comparison against previous models.
Moisture Whether the tonnages are estimated on a dry
basis or with natural moisture, and the method
of determination of the moisture content.
• Tonnages are estimated on a dry basis
Cut-off
parameters
The basis of the adopted cut-off grade(s) or
quality parameters applied.
• Cutoffs reflect the grade continuity of mineralised zones.
Interpretation cutoffs range around 0.2-0.5 g/t Au and 200-
400ppm As. Arsenic is an important indicator of the
mineralised zone where gold grades are frequently
nuggety.
• Reporting cutoff is 0.6g/t reflecting economic
considerations at a $1750/oz gold price
Mining factors or
assumptions
Assumptions made regarding possible mining
methods, minimum mining dimensions and
internal (or, if applicable, external) mining
dilution. It is always necessary as part of the
process of determining reasonable prospects
for eventual economic extraction to consider
potential mining methods, but the assumptions
made regarding mining methods and
parameters when estimating Mineral
Resources may not always be rigorous. Where
this is the case, this should be reported with an
explanation of the basis of the mining
assumptions made.
• Resources are reported on the assumption of mining by
conventional open pit mining methods.
• A regularised model was generated for mining evaluation.
Blocks were regularised to 5mE x 10mN x 2.5mRL to
generate SMU size blocks with appropriate dilution for
mining shallow dipping hard-rock lodes.
Metallurgical
factors or
assumptions
The basis for assumptions or predictions
regarding metallurgical amenability. It is
always necessary as part of the process of
determining reasonable prospects for eventual
economic extraction to consider potential
metallurgical methods, but the assumptions
regarding metallurgical treatment processes
and parameters made when reporting Mineral
Resources may not always be rigorous. Where
this is the case, this should be reported with an
explanation of the basis of the metallurgical
assumptions made.
• A number of historic and recent metallurgical tests have
been carried out. Recovery is variable and appears to
relate to presence of arsenopyrite and loellingite (FeAs²).
A calculated recovery factor was generated per block
based on arsenic grade for use in evaluations
• Additional metallurgical testwork is underway.
Environmental
factors or
assumptions
Assumptions made regarding possible waste
and process residue disposal options. It is
always necessary as part of the process of
• Mining Approvals are yet to commence. A Clearing Permit
should not be required for freehold farm land.
• Processing will take place at the Edna May gold mine.

29

determining reasonable prospects for eventual
economic extraction to consider the potential
environmental impacts of the mining and
processing operation. While at this stage the
determination of potential environmental
impacts, particularly for a greenfields project,
may not always be well advanced, the status
of early consideration of these potential
environmental impacts should be reported.
Where these aspects have not been
considered this should be reported with an
explanation of the environmental assumptions
made.
Bulk density Whether assumed or determined. If assumed,
the basis for the assumptions. If determined,
the method used, whether wet or dry, the
frequency of the measurements, the nature,
size and representativeness of the samples.
The bulk density for bulk material must have
been measured by methods that adequately
account for void spaces (vugs, porosity, etc.),
moisture and differences between rock and
alteration zones within the deposit.
Discuss assumptions for bulk density
estimates used in the evaluation process of
the different materials.
• EXU collected a number of weight in air/weight in water
core sg measurements.
• Downhole gamma density measurements were collected
on a large proportion of the 40m x 40m resource drilling.
These values were compared against core measurments
and found reliable.
• Downhole gamma densities should account for bulk sg’s in
less competent zones of weathered rocks.
• The bulk of the deposit and mineralisation is in fresh mafic
gneiss and uses a density of 3.1. A range of lessor
densities were applied to weathered rocks and other
rocktypes.
Classification The basis for the classification of the Mineral
Resources into varying confidence categories.
Whether appropriate account has been taken
of all relevant factors (ie relative confidence in
tonnage/grade estimations, reliability of input
data, confidence in continuity of geology and
metal values, quality, quantity and distribution
of the data).
Whether the result appropriately reflects the
Competent Person’s view of the deposit.
• The resource has been classified as Measured, Indicated
or Inferred category’s based on geological and grade
continuity and drillhole spacing and generation.
• The resource classification accounts for all relevant factors
• The classification reflects the Competent Person’s view
Audits or
reviews
The results of any audits or reviews of Mineral
Resource estimates.

No audits or reviews conducted. A resource geological
consultant was used to generate alternative slightly earlier
versions of the resource and several methodologies were
adopted from this work. This also gave a model for
comparison.
Discussion of
relative
accuracy/
confidence
Where appropriate a statement of the relative
accuracy and confidence level in the Mineral
Resource estimate using an approach or
procedure deemed appropriate by the
Competent Person. For example, the
application of statistical or geostatistical
procedures to quantify the relative accuracy of
the resource within stated confidence limits, or,
if such an approach is not deemed
appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the
factors that could affect the relative accuracy
and confidence of the estimate.
The statement should specify whether it
relates to global or local estimates, and, if
local, state the relevant tonnages, which
should be relevant to technical and economic
evaluation. Documentation should include
assumptions made and the procedures used.
These statements of relative accuracy and
• The accuracy and confidence in the Resource is
reasonably high given the deposit style, quality and density
of drilling and sampling.
• Resources are global estimates
• No production data is available

30

==> picture [78 x 35] intentionally omitted <==

confidence of the estimate should be compared with production data, where available.

==> picture [241 x 35] intentionally omitted <==

Section 4 Estimation and Reporting of Ore Reserves

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Mineral
Resource
estimate for
conversion to
Ore Reserves
Description of the Mineral Resource estimate
used as a basis for the conversion to an Ore
Reserve.
Clear statement as to whether the Mineral
Resources are reported additional to, or
inclusive of, the Ore Reserves.
• Mineral Resource models described above were
regularised to form a diluted Ore Reserve model using
selective mining units for evaluation and reporting
• Mineral Resources are reported inclusive of Ore Reserves
Site visits Comment on any site visits undertaken by the
Competent Person and the outcome of those
visits.
If no site visits have been undertaken indicate
why this is the case.
• The Competent Person has made two site visits
• Visits verified understanding of deposit and available
information
Study Status The type and level of study undertaken to
enable Mineral Resources to be converted to
Ore Reserves
The Code requires that a study to at least Pre-
Feasibility Study level has been undertaken to
convert Mineral Resources to Ore Reserves.
Such studies will have been carried out and
will have determined a mine plan that is
technically achievable and economically
viable, and that material Modifying Factors
have been considered. The effect, if any, of
alternative interpretations on Mineral Resource
estimation.
• A pre-feasibility study has been carried out appropriate to
the deposit type, mining method and scale. The study was
carried out internally and externally using consultants
where appropriate.
Cut-off
parameters
The basis of the cut-off grade(s) or quality
parameters applied.
• Cutoff is calculated at 0.9 receovered g/t based on milling,
hauling and administration cost estimates
Mining factors or
assumptions
The method and assumptions used as
reported in the Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility
Study to convert the Mineral Resource to an
Ore Reserve (i.e. either by application of
appropriate factors by optimisation or by
preliminary or detailed design).
The choice, nature and appropriateness of the
selected mining method(s) and other mining
parameters including associated design issues
such as pre-strip, access, etc.
The assumptions made regarding geotechnical
parameters (eg pit slopes, stope sizes, etc),
grade control and pre-production drilling.
The major assumptions made and Mineral
Resource model used for pit and stope
optimisation (if appropriate).
The mining dilution factors used.
The mining recovery factors used.
Any minimum mining widths used.
• Mining method is conventional open-pit with drill and blast,
excavate, load and haul. SMU block reflects expected
grade control density and mining equipment size
• An external geotechnical report was commissioned based
on previous geotechnical logging and information and gives
recommended pit design details
• Additional mining dilution of 2% was applied (regularized
model has already diluted resource model)
• Mining recovery of 95% was applied
• Minimum width reflected by SMU block (5m)
• Inferred Resources were tested, but are not used or
included in optimisation or final designs
• Infrastructure required is moderate and of a temporary
nature, i.e. administration offices, mining and haulage
workshops, fuel tanks, generators, magazine and water
transfer dams. Road haulage and workforce
accommodation requirements are also considered.

31

The manner in which Inferred Mineral
Resources are utilised in mining studies and
the sensitivity of the outcome to their inclusion.
The infrastructure requirements of the selected
mining methods.
Metallurgical
factors or
assumptions
The metallurgical process proposed and the
appropriateness of that process to the style of
mineralisation
Whether the metallurgical process is well-
tested technology or novel in nature.
The nature, amount and representativeness of
metallurgical test work undertaken, the nature
of the metallurgical domaining applied and the
corresponding metallurgical recovery factors
applied.
Any assumptions or allowances made for
deleterious elements.
The existence of any bulk sample or pilot scale
test work and the degree to which such
samples are considered representative of the
orebody as a whole.
For minerals that are defined by a
specification, has the ore reserve estimation
been based on the appropriate mineralogy to
meet the specifications?
• Proposed to process ore through the existing Edna May
mill, a conventional gravity recovery and CIL processing
circuit. An additional flotation, fine grinding and enhanced
leaching circuit will be installed before being fed to the
existing conventional CIL plant
• Several metallurgy testwork programs have been
completed showing the ore recovery is variable and the
presence of arsenopyrite/loellingite is a key variable in the
overall recovery. An extensive dataset of over 2,400
‘Metbleg’ bottle roll leach tests has been used to verify the
relationship. The testwork supports the proposed
flowsheet.
• A variable recovery calculation based on the testwork has
been applied to Resource Model ore blocks based on an
Arsenic feed grade versus Gold residue grade relationship.
• Metallurgy testwork programs have included
comprehensive head grade analysis, ‘Metbleg’ tests, grind
establishment, gravity concentration, cyanide leach,
reagent consumption, flotation, fine grind, mineralogy and
physical (comminution) testing
• No bulk sample piloting testwork has been carried out
however a significant number of sample composites have
been generated and tested
• Additional testwork has been undertaken to further validate
the recovery relationship using the proposed flowsheet with
results reflecting previous work with a strong recovery
correlation coefficient being achieved
• Further testwork using a conventional gravity and CIL as
per the exiting Edna May Mill (i.e. without flotation upgrade
is in progress with the intent on testing options between
capital costs and metallurgical recovery
Environmental The status of studies of potential
environmental impacts of the mining and
processing operation. Details of waste rock
characterisation and the consideration of
potential sites, status of design options
considered and, where applicable, the status
of approvals for process residue storage and
waste dumps should be reported.
• Some studies have been completed.
• Mining Approvals processes yet to commence.
Infrastructure The existence of appropriate infrastructure:
availability of land for plant development,
power, water, transportation (particularly for
bulk commodities), labour, accommodation; or
the ease with which the infrastructure can be
provided, or accessed.
• Infrastructure required is moderate and of a temporary
nature, i.e. administration offices, mining and haulage
workshops, fuel tanks, generators, magazine and water
transfer dams. Road haulage and workforce
accommodation requirements are also considered with
accommodation planned to be established at Narembeen
13km from the mine site.
• Theproject has low infrastructure requirements of a

32

temporarynature
Costs The derivation of, or assumptions made,
regarding projected capital costs in the study.
The methodology used to estimate operating
costs.
Allowances made for the content of deleterious
elements.
The derivation of assumptions made of metal
or commodity price(s), for the principal
minerals and co- products.
The source of exchange rates used in the
study.
Derivation of transportation charges.
The basis for forecasting or source of
treatment and refining charges, penalties for
failure to meet specification, etc.
The allowances made for royalties payable,
both Government and private.
• Capital costs for the flotation, fine grind and intensive
cyanidation addition to the Edna May Plant have been
completed by an external engineering consultancy. Other
capital costs are estimated from quotations or recently
completed work at other Ramelius sites.
• Operating costs based on budgeted Edna May milling
costs plus expected additional processing requirements,
mining contractor budget pricing and recent mining and
administration costs incurred at current Ramelius sites.
• No deleterious elements present.
• Pit optimization was run using A1,800/oz and the whilst the
financial model has used relatively current average gold
price of A$1,900/oz.
• Cost models use Australian dollars.
• Ore haulage rates based on estimated contractor rates
from existing Ramelius contracts.
• No penalties or specifications are applicable.
• State royaltyof 2.5% used.
Revenue Factors The derivation of, or assumptions made
regarding revenue factors including head
grade, metal or commodity price(s) exchange
rates, transportation and treatment charges,
penalties, net smelter returns, etc.
The derivation of assumptions made of metal
or commodity price(s), for the principal metals,
minerals and co-products.
• Gold price of A$1,800/oz for optimization and A$1,900/oz
used for financial model
Market
Assessment
The demand, supply and stock situation for the
particular commodity, consumption trends and
factors likely to affect supply and demand into
the future.
A customer and competitor analysis along with
the identification of likely market windows for
the product.
Price and volume forecasts and the basis for
these forecasts.
For industrial minerals the customer
specification, testing and acceptance
requirementsprior to a supply contract.
• Doré is sold direct to the Perth Mint at spot price
• Market window unlikely to change
• Price is likely to go up, down or remain same
• Not industrial mineral
Classification The basis for the classification of the Mineral
Resources into varying confidence categories.
Whether appropriate account has been taken
of all relevant factors (ie relative confidence in
tonnage/grade estimations, reliability of input
data, confidence in continuity of geology and
metal values, quality, quantity and distribution
of the data).
Whether the result appropriately reflects the
Competent Person’s view of the deposit.
• The resource has been classified as Measured, Indicated
or Inferred categories based on geological and grade
continuity and drillhole spacing and generation.
• The resource classification accounts for all relevant factors
• The classification reflects the Competent Person’s view
Economic The inputs to the economic analysis to
produce the net present value (NPV) in the
study, the source and confidence of these
economic inputs including estimated inflation,

NPV of 5% used

Sensitivities were run on gold price, ore cost, mining cost
and mill recovery.

33

discount rate, etc.
NPV ranges and sensitivity to variations in the
significant assumptions and inputs.
Social The status of agreements with key
stakeholders and matters leading to social
licence to operate.
• Stakeholders have been engaged with by Explaurum and
now by Ramelius. A number of agreements with key
stakeholders are in progress.
Other To the extent relevant, the impact of the
following on the project and/or on the
estimation and classification of the Ore
Reserves:
Any identified material naturally occurring
risks.
The status of material legal agreements and
marketing arrangements.
The status of governmental agreements and
approvals critical to the viability of the project,
such as mineral tenement status, and
government and statutory approvals. There
must be reasonable grounds to expect that all
necessary Government approvals will be
received within the timeframes anticipated in
the Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility study.
Highlight and discuss the materiality of any
unresolved matter that is dependent on a third
party on which extraction of the reserve is
contingent.
• Risks identified include
-
Final processing method and recovery
-
Agreement with freehold landholder
Both areas are currently being addressed

No significant issues around the mining approvals process
is identified.
Classification The basis for the classification of the Ore
Reserves into varying confidence categories.
Whether the result appropriately reflects the
Competent Person’s view of the deposit.
The proportion of Probable Ore Reserves that
have been derived from Measured Mineral
Resources(if any)
• Reserves are classified according to Resource
classification
• They reflect the Competent Person’s view
• Measured Resources (from 10m x 10m close spaced drill
program) are converted to Proven Ore Reserves. The bulk
of Ore Reserves are Probable.
Audits or
reviews
The results of any audits or reviews of Ore
Reserve estimates.
• No external audits carried out.
Discussion of
relative accuracy
/ confidence
Where appropriate a statement of the relative
accuracy and confidence level in the Ore
Reserve estimate using an approach or
procedure deemed appropriate by the
Competent Person. For example, the
application of statistical or geostatistical
procedures to quantify the relative accuracy of
the reserve within stated confidence limits, or,
if such an approach is not deemed
appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the
factors which could affect the relative accuracy
and confidence of the estimate.
The statement should specify whether it
relates to global or local estimates, and, if
local, state the relevant tonnages, which
should be relevant to technical and economic
evaluation. Documentation should include
• Confidence is in line with gold industry standards and the
companies aim and track record on providing effective
prediction of mining projects. No statistical quantification of
confidence limits has been applied.
• Estimates are global.
• The Reserve is most sensitive to; a) mill recovery, b)
resource grade accuracy, c) gold price.
• Reserve confidence is reflected by the fact a Probable
category is applied to the majority, which in turn reflects the
confidence of the Mineral Resource
• No production data is available for comparison

34

assumptions made and the procedures used.Accuracy and confidence discussions should extend to specific discussions of any applied Modifying Factors that may have a material impact on Ore Reserve viability, or for which there are remaining areas of uncertainty at the current study stage.It is recognised that this may not be possible or appropriate in all circumstances. These statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate should be compared with production data, where available.

==> picture [78 x 174] intentionally omitted <==

Attachment B. JORC Table 1 Report Marda Project

Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Sampling
techniques

Nature and quality of sampling (eg cut
channels, random chips, or specific specialised
industry standard measurement tools
appropriate to the minerals under investigation,
such as down hole gamma sondes, or
handheld XRF instruments, etc). These
examples should not be taken as limiting the
broad meaning of sampling.

Include reference to measures taken to ensure
sample representivity and the appropriate
calibration of any measurement tools or
systems used.

Aspects of the determination of mineralisation
that are Material to the Public Report.

In cases where ‘industry standard’ work has
been done this would be relatively simple (eg
‘reverse circulation drilling was used to obtain 1
m samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to
produce a 30 g charge for fire assay’). In other
cases more explanation may be required, such
as where there is coarse gold that has inherent
sampling problems. Unusual commodities or
mineralisation types (eg submarine nodules)
may warrant disclosure of detailed information.
• At all projects potential gold mineralised RC intervals are
systematically sampled using industry standard 1m
intervals collected from reverse circulation (RC) drill holes.
Surface Diamond holes may be sampled along sub 1m
geological contacts, otherwise 1m intervals are the default.
• Some first pass Aircore/RAB drilling occurs and may be
used where confirmed by later RC drilling.
• Drill hole locations were designed to allow for spatial
spread across the interpreted mineralised zone. All RC
samples were collected and riffle or cone split to 3-4kg
samples on 1m metre intervals. Aircore samples are
speared from piles on the ground and are composited into
4m intervals before despatching to the laboratory. Single
metre bottom of hole Aircore samples are also collected for
trace element determinations. Diamond core is half cut
along downhole orientation lines. Half core is sent to the
laboratory for analysis and the other half is retained for
future reference.
• Standard fire assaying was employed using a 50gm
charge with an AAS finish for all diamond, RC and Aircore
chip samples.
Drilling
techniques
Drill type (eg core, reverse circulation, open-
hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka,
sonic, etc) and details (eg core diameter, triple
or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face-
sampling bit or other type, whether core is
oriented and if so, by what method, etc).
• Drilling was completed using 5 ¾” face sampling RC
drilling hammers for all RC drill holes best practice NQ
diamond core. Aircore holes were completed using 4”
blade bits or RC hammers.
Drill sample
recovery
Method of recording and assessing core and
chip sample recoveries and results assessed.
Measures taken to maximise sample recovery
and ensure representative nature of the
samples.
Whether a relationship exists between sample
• RC and Aircore drill holes samples were visually inspected
by the supervising geologist to ensure adequate clean
sample recoveries were achieved. All diamond core is
jigsawed to ensure any core loss, if present is fully
accounted for. Any wet, contaminated or poor sample
returns are flagged and recorded in the database to ensure

35

recovery and grade and whether sample bias
may have occurred due to preferential
loss/gain of fine/coarse material.
no sampling bias is introduced.
• Zones of poor sample return both in RC and Aircore are
recorded in the database and cross checked once assay
results are received from the laboratory to ensure no
misrepresentation of sampling intervals has occurred. Of
note, excellent RC drill recovery is reported from all RC
holes.
Logging Whether core and chip samples have been
geologically and geotechnically logged to a
level of detail to support appropriate Mineral
Resource estimation, mining studies and
metallurgical studies.
Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in
nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc)
photography.
The total length and percentage of the relevant
intersections logged.
• All drill samples are geologically logged on site by
professional geologists. Details on the host lithologies,
deformation, dominant minerals including sulphide species
and alteration minerals plus veining are recorded
relationally (separately) so the logging is interactive and
not biased to lithology.
• Drill hole logging is qualitative on visual recordings of rock
forming minerals and quantitative on estimates of mineral
abundance.
• The entire length of each drill hole is geologically logged.
Sub-sampling
techniques and
sample
preparation
If core, whether cut or sawn and whether
quarter, half or all core taken.
If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled,
rotary split, etc and whether sampled wet or
dry.
For all sample types, the nature, quality and
appropriateness of the sample preparation
technique.
Quality control procedures adopted for all sub-
sampling stages to maximise representivity of
samples.
Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is
representative of the in situ material collected,
including for instance results for field
duplicate/second-half sampling.
Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the
grain size of the material being sampled.
• Duplicate samples are collected every 25th sample from
the RC and Aircore chips as well as quarter core from the
diamond holes.
• Dry RC 1m samples are riffle split to 3-4kg as drilled and
dispatched to the laboratory. Any wet samples are
recorded in the database as such and allowed to dry
before splitting and dispatching to the laboratory.
• All core, RC and Aircore chips are pulverized prior to
splitting in the laboratory to ensure homogenous samples
with 85% passing 75um. 200gm is extracted by spatula
that is used for the 50gm or 30 gm charge on standard fire
assays.
• All samples submitted to the laboratory are sorted and
reconciled against the submission documents. In addition
to duplicates a high grade or low grade standard is
included every 25th sample, a controlled blank is inserted
every 100th sample.
• The sample size is considered appropriate for the type,
style, thickness and consistency of mineralization.
Quality of
assay data and
laboratory tests
The nature, quality and appropriateness of the
assaying and laboratory procedures used and
whether the technique is considered partial or
total.
For geophysical tools, spectrometers,
handheld XRF instruments, etc, the
parameters used in determining the analysis
including instrument make and model, reading
times, calibrations factors applied and their
derivation, etc.
Nature of quality control procedures adopted
(eg standards, blanks, duplicates, external
laboratory checks) and whether acceptable
levels of accuracy (ie lack of bias) and
precision have been established.
• The fire assay method is designed to measure the total
gold in the core, RC and Aircore samples. The technique
involves standard fire assays using a 50gm sample charge
with a lead flux (decomposed in the furnace). The prill is
totally digested by HCl and HNO3 acids before
measurement of the gold determination by AAS.
• No field analyses of gold grades are completed.
Quantitative analysis of the gold content is undertaken in a
controlled laboratory environment.
• Industry best practice is employed with the inclusion of
duplicates and standards as discussed above and used by
Ramelius as well as the laboratory. All Ramelius
standards and blanks are interrogated to ensure they lie
within acceptable tolerances. Additionally, sample size,
grind size and field duplicates are examined to ensure no
bias to gold grades exists.
Verification of
sampling and
assaying
The verification of significant intersections by
either independent or alternative company
personnel.
The use of twinned holes.
Documentation of primary data, data entry
procedures, data verification, data storage
_(physical and electronic) protocols. _
• Alternative Ramelius personnel have inspected the
diamond core, RC and Aircore chips in the field to verify
the correlation of mineralised zones between assay results
and lithology, alteration and mineralization.
• Holes are digitally logged in the field and all primary data is
forwarded to Ramelius’ Database Administrator (DBA) in
Perth where it is imported into Datashed,a commercially

36

Discuss any adjustment to assay data. available and industry accepted database software
package. Assay data is electronically merged when
received from the laboratory. The responsible project
geologist reviews the data in the database to ensure that it
is correct and has merged properly and that all the drill
data collected in the field has been captured and entered
into the database correctly.
• The responsible geologist makes the DBA aware of any
errors and/or omissions to the database and the
corrections (if required) are corrected in the database
immediately.
• No adjustments or calibrations are made to any of the
assay data recorded in the database.
Location of
data points
Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate
drill holes (collar and down-hole surveys),
trenches, mine workings and other locations
used in Mineral Resource estimation.
Specification of the grid system used.
Quality and adequacy of topographic control.
• All drill hole collars are picked up using accurate DGPS
survey control. All down hole surveys are collected using
downhole gyro surveying techniques provided by the
drilling contractors.
• All holes were picked up in MGA94 – Zone 50 grid
coordinates.
Data spacing
and distribution
Data spacing for reporting of Exploration
Results.
Whether the data spacing and distribution is
sufficient to establish the degree of geological
and grade continuity appropriate for the
Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimation
procedure(s) and classifications applied.
Whether sample compositing has been
applied.
• RC drill patterns are generally; Marda Central 12.5
sections x 12.5m, Golden Orb 20m sections x 8-20m, King
Brown 12.5 sections x 6-10m, Die Hardy 80m sections x
10-20m, Red Legs 100m sections x 10-20m.
• Drill spacing is sufficient to establish appropriate continuity
and classifications.
• No sampling compositing has been applied within key
mineralised intervals.
Orientation of
data in relation
to geological
structure
Whether the orientation of sampling achieves
unbiased sampling of possible structures and
the extent to which this is known, considering
the deposit type.
If the relationship between the drilling
orientation and the orientation of key
mineralised structures is considered to have
introduced a sampling bias, this should be
assessed and reported if material.
• The core drilling and RC drilling is completed orthogonal to
the interpreted strike of the target horizon(s). A number of
scissor holes exist at most deposits.
• No orientation bias is evident
Sample
security
The measures taken to ensure sample
security.
• Sample security is integral to Ramelius’ sampling
procedures. All bagged samples are delivered directly from
the field to the assay laboratory in Perth, whereupon the
laboratory checks the physically received samples against
Ramelius’sample submission/dispatch notes.
Audits or
reviews
The results of any audits or reviews of
sampling techniques and data.
• Sampling techniques and procedures are reviewed prior to
the commencement of new work programmes to ensure
adequate procedures are in place to maximize the sample
collection and sample quality on new projects. No external
audits have been completed to date.

Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Mineral
tenement and
land tenure
status
Type, reference name/number, location and
ownership including agreements or material
issues with third parties such as joint ventures,
partnerships, overriding royalties, native title
interests, historical sites, wilderness or national
park and environmental settings.
The security of the tenure held at the time of
• The results reported in this report are located on granted
Mining Leases (ML) owned by Black Oak Minerals, a 100%
subsidary Ramelius Resources Ltd.
• Currently all the tenements are in good standing. There are
no known impediments to obtaining a licences to operate in
either area.

37

reporting along with any known impediments to
obtaining a licence to operate in the area.
Exploration done
by other parties
Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration
by other parties.
• Exploration and mining by other parties has been reviewed
and is used. Previous parties have completed shallow
RAB, Aircore drilling and RC drilling. Companies include
Chevron, 1980’s, Cyprus Gold, early 1990’s, Gondwanna
Resources 1993, Savage Resources, late 1990’s and
Southern Cross Goldfields (SXG) 2010’s.
Geology Deposit type, geological setting and style of
mineralisation.
• The targeted mineralisation is typical of orogenic structurally
controlled Archaean gold lode systems. Mineralisation is
likely controlled by shear zones/fault zones passing through
competent BIF rock units, hosted with mafic/ultramafic
stratigraphy. Gold is associated with pyrite alteration in
brecciated BIF, +/- quartz. Deep weathering has likely
generated supergene enhancement of gold at shallow to
moderate depths.
Drill hole
Information
A summary of all information material to the
understanding of the exploration results
including a tabulation of the following
information for all Material drill holes:
o easting and northing of the drill hole collar
o elevation or RL (Reduced Level – elevation
above sea level in metres) of the drill hole collar
o dip and azimuth of the hole
o down hole length and interception depth
o hole length.
If the exclusion of this information is justified on
the basis that the information is not Material and
this exclusion does not detract from the
understanding of the report, the Competent
Person should clearly explain why this is the
case.
• All RMS drill holes completed, including holes with no
significant results (as defined in the Attachments) are
reported in previous announcements (see text).
• Easting and northing are given in MGA94 coordinates as
defined in the Attachments
• RL is AHD
• Dip is the inclination of the hole from the horizontal.
Azimuth is reported in MGA94 degrees. MGA94 and
magnetic degrees vary by <2 in the project area.
• Down hole length is the distance measured along the drill
hole trace. Intersection length is the thickness of an
anomalous gold intersection measured along the drill hole
trace.
• Hole length is the distance from the surface to the end of
the hole measured along the drill hole trace.
• No results currently available from the exploration drilling
are excluded from reports.
Data aggregation
methods
In reporting Exploration Results, weighting
averaging techniques, maximum and/or
minimum grade truncations (eg cutting of high
grades) and cut-off grades are usually Material
and should be stated.
Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short
lengths of high grade results and longer lengths
of low grade results, the procedure used for
such aggregation should be stated and some
typical examples of such aggregations should
be shown in detail.
The assumptions used for any reporting of
metal equivalent values should be clearly
stated.
• The first gold assay result received from each sample
reported by the laboratory is tabled in the list of significant
assays. Subsequent repeat analyses when performed by
the laboratory are checked against the original to ensure
repeatability of the assay results.
• Weighted average techniques are applied to determine the
grade of the anomalous interval when geological intervals
less than 1m have been sampled.
• Exploration drilling results are generally reported using a
0.5 g/t Au lower cut-off for RC and diamond (as reported in
the previous Attachments) and may include up to 4m of
sub-grade internal dilution. No metal equivalent reporting is
used or applied.
Relationship
between
mineralisation
widths and
intercept lengths
These relationships are particularly important in
the reporting of Exploration Results.
If the geometry of the mineralisation with
respect to the drill hole angle is known, its
nature should be reported.
If it is not known and only the down hole lengths
are reported, there should be a clear statement
to this effect (eg ‘down hole length, true width
not known’).
• The intersection length is measured down the length of the
hole and is not usually the true width. When sufficient
knowledge on the thickness of the intersection is known an
estimate of the true thickness is provided in the
Attachments.
• The known geometry of the mineralisation with respect to
the drill holes reported in this report is now well constrained.
Diagrams Appropriate maps and sections (with scales)
and tabulations of intercepts should be included
for any significant discovery being reported
• Example maps and sections are included.

38

These should include, but not be limited to a
plan view of drill hole collar locations and
appropriate sectional views.
Balanced
reporting
Where comprehensive reporting of all
Exploration Results is not practicable,
representative reporting of both low and high
grades and/or widths should be practiced to
avoid misleading reporting of Exploration
Results.
• All RMS drill holes completed to date are reported in
previous releases and all material intersections are
reported.
Other
substantive
exploration data
Other exploration data, if meaningful and
material, should be reported including (but not
limited to): geological observations; geophysical
survey results; geochemical survey results; bulk
samples – size and method of treatment;
metallurgical test results; bulk density,
groundwater, geotechnical and rock
characteristics; potential deleterious or
contaminating substances.
• No other exploration data that has been collected is
considered meaningful and material to this report.
Further work The nature and scale of planned further work
(eg tests for lateral extensions or depth
extensions or large-scale step-out drilling).
Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of
possible extensions, including the main
geological interpretations and future drilling
areas, provided this information is not
_commercially sensitive. _
• Further drilling infill is required for the Fiddleback and Red
Legs deposits.

Section 3 Estimation and Reporting of Mineral Resources

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Database
integrity
Measures taken to ensure that data has not
been corrupted by, for example, transcription
or keying errors, between its initial collection
and its use for Mineral Resource estimation
purposes.
Data validation procedures used.
• Historic drill data was sourced from an Access database.
Recent Ramelius drilling employs an SQL central database
using Datashed information management software. Data
collection uses Field Marshall software with fixed templates
and lookup tables for collecting field data electronically.
Several validation checks occur upon data upload to the
main database. Datasets were merged and show good
agreement..
Site visits Comment on any site visits undertaken by the
Competent Person and the outcome of those
visits.
If no site visits have been undertaken indicate
why this is the case.
• The Competent Person is a full-time employee of Ramelius
Resources and has made two site visits
Geological
interpretation
Confidence in (or conversely, the uncertainty
of) the geological interpretation of the mineral
deposit.
Nature of the data used and of any
assumptions made.
The effect, if any, of alternative interpretations
on Mineral Resource estimation.
The use of geology in guiding and controlling
Mineral Resource estimation.
The factors affecting continuity both of grade
and geology.
• Confidence in the geological interpretation is reasonably
high. Deposits are generally strongly oxidised however
grade continuity is good.
• Data used includes drilling assays & logging from a number
of generation of drilling
• No alternate interpretation required
• Geology forms a base component in the mineralisation
interpretation.
Dimensions The extent and variability of the Mineral
Resource expressed as length (along strike or
otherwise), plan width, and depth below
surface to the upper and lower limits of the
• Lode and shear hosted styles. Strikes range from 140m
(Dugite) to 450m (Golden Orb) and dip at 70-80°.
Average lode width approximately 2.5 m, mostly ranging
between 1-6m. Established strike length of 600m and

39

Mineral Resource. down-dip extent of 400m.
Estimation and
modelling
techniques
The nature and appropriateness of the
estimation technique(s) applied and key
assumptions, including treatment of extreme
grade values, domaining, interpolation
parameters and maximum distance of
extrapolation from data points. If a computer
assisted estimation method was chosen
include a description of computer software and
parameters used.
The availability of check estimates, previous
estimates and/or mine production records and
whether the Mineral Resource estimate takes
appropriate account of such data.
The assumptions made regarding recovery of
by-products.
Estimation of deleterious elements or other
non-grade variables of economic significance
(e.g. sulphur for acid mine drainage
characterisation).
In the case of block model interpolation, the
block size in relation to the average sample
spacing and the search employed.
Any assumptions behind modelling of selective
mining units.
Any assumptions about correlation between
variables.
Description of how the geological interpretation
was used to control the resource estimates.
Discussion of basis for using or not using
grade cutting or capping.
The process of validation, the checking
process used, the comparison of model data to
drill hole data, and use of reconciliation data if
available.
• The geological interpretation of the lode equates to the
estimation domain. A comparison of the resource model
wireframes to the block model volume is completed as part
of the validation process.
• Grade within the domain is estimated by geological
software using Inverse Distance Squared within hard
bounded domains.
• Only gold is estimated
• No deleterious elements present
• Parent cell of 10mE x 5mN x 5mRL with sub-cells to
minimum of 2mE x 1mN x 2.5mRL. Parent cell estimation
only. The sub-cell size is small to allow for narrow sections
of the lode to be defined. Parent cells are SMU size.
• Domains are geostatistically analysed and assigned
appropriate search directions, top-cuts and estimation
parameters. The search is aligned with the observed
geological strike and dip of the lode.
• Samples were composited within ore domains to 1m
lengths.
• Top cuts were applied to domains after review of grade
population characteristics. Topcuts used ranged from 10 to
60 g/t.
• Validation includes visual comparison against drillhole
grades and comparison against previous models.
Moisture Whether the tonnages are estimated on a dry
basis or with natural moisture, and the method
of determination of the moisture content.
• Tonnages are estimated on a dry basis
Cut-off
parameters
The basis of the adopted cut-off grade(s) or
quality parameters applied.
• All lode material within longsectionally defined
category/grade areas is reported including minor internal
low-grade zones.
Mining factors or
assumptions
Assumptions made regarding possible mining
methods, minimum mining dimensions and
internal (or, if applicable, external) mining
dilution. It is always necessary as part of the
process of determining reasonable prospects
for eventual economic extraction to consider
potential mining methods, but the assumptions
made regarding mining methods and
parameters when estimating Mineral
Resources may not always be rigorous. Where
this is the case, this should be reported with an
explanation of the basis of the mining
assumptions made.
• Resources are reported on the assumption of mining by
conventional open pit mining methods. Parent block size
and estimation methodology were selected to generate a
model appropriate for open pit mining on 2.5m flitches.
Subcelled models were used for mining evaluation and
dilution factors were varied based on orebody widths and
ranged from 7-15%.
Metallurgical
factors or
assumptions
The basis for assumptions or predictions
regarding metallurgical amenability. It is
always necessary as part of the process of
determining reasonable prospects for eventual
• A number of historic and recent metallurgical tests have
been previously carried out and show the deposit is free
milling, has high gravity recovery (+50%) and high overall
recovery (95-97%).

40

economic extraction to consider potential
metallurgical methods, but the assumptions
regarding metallurgical treatment processes
and parameters made when reporting Mineral
Resources may not always be rigorous. Where
this is the case, this should be reported with an
explanation of the basis of the metallurgical
assumptions made.
Environmental
factors or
assumptions
Assumptions made regarding possible waste
and process residue disposal options. It is
always necessary as part of the process of
determining reasonable prospects for eventual
economic extraction to consider the potential
environmental impacts of the mining and
processing operation. While at this stage the
determination of potential environmental
impacts, particularly for a greenfields project,
may not always be well advanced, the status
of early consideration of these potential
environmental impacts should be reported.
Where these aspects have not been
considered this should be reported with an
explanation of the environmental assumptions
made.
• A Mining Proposal and Clearing Permit was previously
granted to Black Oak Minerals for the project in 2014. This
included construction of a milling facility and tailings dam.
Ramelius will amend the Mining Proposal and Clearing
permit and reduce the required area and impact.
• Processing will take place at the Edna May gold mine.
Bulk density Whether assumed or determined. If assumed,
the basis for the assumptions. If determined,
the method used, whether wet or dry, the
frequency of the measurements, the nature,
size and representativeness of the samples.
The bulk density for bulk material must have
been measured by methods that adequately
account for void spaces (vugs, porosity, etc.),
moisture and differences between rock and
alteration zones within the deposit.
Discuss assumptions for bulk density
estimates used in the evaluation process of
the different materials.
• SXG undertook numerous air/water density measurements
from core samples in 2011/12.
• Significant oxidation is present and vugs and porous
samples are not uncommon
• Ramelius has simplified density estimates applied, using
the measured data and experience with similar deposits.
Densities used range for 2.0 (oxide) to 3.1 (fresh BIF) and
are varied for rocktype and oxidation.
Classification The basis for the classification of the Mineral
Resources into varying confidence categories.
Whether appropriate account has been taken
of all relevant factors (ie relative confidence in
tonnage/grade estimations, reliability of input
data, confidence in continuity of geology and
metal values, quality, quantity and distribution
of the data).
Whether the result appropriately reflects the
Competent Person’s view of the deposit.
• The resource has been classified as Indicated or Inferred
category’s based on geological and grade continuity and
drillhole spacing and generation.
• The resource classification accounts for all relevant factors
• The classification reflects the Competent Person’s view
Audits or
reviews
The results of any audits or reviews of Mineral
Resource estimates.

No audits or reviews conducted
Discussion of
relative
accuracy/
confidence
Where appropriate a statement of the relative
accuracy and confidence level in the Mineral
Resource estimate using an approach or
procedure deemed appropriate by the
Competent Person. For example, the
application of statistical or geostatistical
procedures to quantify the relative accuracy of
the resource within stated confidence limits, or,
if such an approach is not deemed
• The accuracy and confidence in the Resource is high given
the deposit style, quality and density of drilling and
sampling, both historic and new.
• Resources are global estimates
• No production data is available

41

appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the factors that could affect the relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate.The statement should specify whether it relates to global or local estimates, and, if local, state the relevant tonnages, which should be relevant to technical and economic evaluation. Documentation should include assumptions made and the procedures used.These statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate should be compared with production data, where available.

Section 4 Estimation and Reporting of Ore Reserves

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Mineral
Resource
estimate for
conversion to
Ore Reserves
Description of the Mineral Resource estimate
used as a basis for the conversion to an Ore
Reserve.
Clear statement as to whether the Mineral
Resources are reported additional to, or
inclusive of, the Ore Reserves.
• Mineral Resource models described above were
regularised to form a diluted Ore Reserve model using
selective mining units for evaluation and reporting.
• Mineral Resources are reported inclusive of Ore Reserves
Site visits Comment on any site visits undertaken by the
Competent Person and the outcome of those
visits.
If no site visits have been undertaken indicate
why this is the case.
• The Competent Person has made one site visit.
• Visit verified understanding of deposit and available
information.
Study Status The type and level of study undertaken to
enable Mineral Resources to be converted to
Ore Reserves
The Code requires that a study to at least Pre-
Feasibility Study level has been undertaken to
convert Mineral Resources to Ore Reserves.
Such studies will have been carried out and
will have determined a mine plan that is
technically achievable and economically
viable, and that material Modifying Factors
have been considered. The effect, if any, of
alternative interpretations on Mineral Resource
estimation.
• A pre-feasibility study has been carried out appropriate to
the deposit type, mining method and scale. The study was
carried out internally and externally using consultants
where appropriate.
Cut-off
parameters
The basis of the cut-off grade(s) or quality
parameters applied.
• Cutoff is calculated as part of the mine optimisation
evaluation and is 1.0 g/t
Mining factors or
assumptions
The method and assumptions used as
reported in the Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility
Study to convert the Mineral Resource to an
Ore Reserve (i.e. either by application of
appropriate factors by optimisation or by
preliminary or detailed design).
The choice, nature and appropriateness of the
selected mining method(s) and other mining
parameters including associated design issues
such aspre-strip, access, etc.
• Mining method is conventional open-pit with drill and blast,
excavate, load and haul. SMU block reflects expected
grade control density and mining equipment size.
• A external geotechnical report was commissioned based
on previous geotechnical logging and information and gives
recommended pit design details.
• Additional mining dilution of 7.0% was applied.
• Mining recovery of 95% was applied.
• Minimum width reflected by SMU block (5m)

42

The assumptions made regarding geotechnical
parameters (eg pit slopes, stope sizes, etc),
grade control and pre-production drilling.
The major assumptions made and Mineral
Resource model used for pit and stope
optimisation (if appropriate).
The mining dilution factors used.
The mining recovery factors used.
Any minimum mining widths used.
The manner in which Inferred Mineral
Resources are utilised in mining studies and
the sensitivity of the outcome to their inclusion.
The infrastructure requirements of the selected
mining methods.
• Inferred Resources were tested, but are not used or
included in optimisation or final designs
• Infrastructure required is small and of a temporary nature,
i.e. workshop, offices, fuel tank, generator, magazine and
water transfer dams, bores and tukey nests. Camp
accommodation and airstrip will be sourced through
agreement with the adjacent mine.
Metallurgical
factors or
assumptions
The metallurgical process proposed and the
appropriateness of that process to the style of
mineralisation
Whether the metallurgical process is well-
tested technology or novel in nature.
The nature, amount and representativeness of
metallurgical test work undertaken, the nature
of the metallurgical domaining applied and the
corresponding metallurgical recovery factors
applied.
Any assumptions or allowances made for
deleterious elements.
The existence of any bulk sample or pilot scale
test work and the degree to which such
samples are considered representative of the
orebody as a whole.
For minerals that are defined by a
specification, has the ore reserve estimation
been based on the appropriate mineralogy to
meet the specifications?
• Processing by conventional CIL/CIP gold milling through
the Edna May plant.
• Well-tested existing technology.
• Metallurgy testwork programs have included gravity
concentration, cyanide leach, grind establishment, reagent
consumption, flotation, mineralogy and SAG Mill
Comminution.
• No deleterious elements are present.
• Metallurgical testwork simulating the Edna May flow sheet
with 150um grind has been carried out with recoveries
ranging from 92% to 96%. 94% recovery has been used.
Environmental The status of studies of potential
environmental impacts of the mining and
processing operation. Details of waste rock
characterisation and the consideration of
potential sites, status of design options
considered and, where applicable, the status
of approvals for process residue storage and
waste dumps should be reported.
• Environmental studies are complete.
• Environmental approvals include the previously approved
Mining Proposal and Clearing Permit which will be
amended for the Ramelius mining operation to incorporate
haulage to Edna May.
Infrastructure The existence of appropriate infrastructure:
availability of land for plant development,
power, water, transportation (particularly for
bulk commodities), labour, accommodation; or
the ease with which the infrastructure can be
provide or accessed.
• Infrastructure at site is minimal and consists of access
roads and some shallow water bores. Accommodation and
flights will use established facilities at an adjacent mine to
the north.
• The project has low infrastructure requirements of a
temporarynature.
Costs The derivation of, or assumptions made,
regarding projected capital costs in the study.
The methodology used to estimate operating
costs.
• Capital costs based on quotations obtained from suppliers
and mining and civil contractors.
• Operating costs based on current Edna May Operations
millingcosts,quoted ore haulage rates and recent mining

43

Allowances made for the content of deleterious
elements.
The derivation of assumptions made of metal
or commodity price(s), for the principal
minerals and co- products.
The source of exchange rates used in the
study.
Derivation of transportation charges.
The basis for forecasting or source of
treatment and refining charges, penalties for
failure to meet specification, etc.
The allowances made for royalties payable,
both Government andprivate.
and administration costs incurred at current Edna May and
Mt Magnet Operations.
• No deleterious elements present
• Using $1,700 gold price.
• Cost models use Australian dollars
• Ore haulage rates based on quoted contractor rates
• Treatment costs based on known current milling costs. No
penalties or specifications
• State royalty of 2.5% used
Revenue Factors The derivation of, or assumptions made
regarding revenue factors including head
grade, metal or commodity price(s) exchange
rates, transportation and treatment charges,
penalties, net smelter returns, etc.
The derivation of assumptions made of metal
or commodity price(s), for the principal metals,
minerals and co-products.
• Gold price of A$1,700/oz used.
Market
Assessment
The demand, supply and stock situation for the
particular commodity, consumption trends and
factors likely to affect supply and demand into
the future.
A customer and competitor analysis along with
the identification of likely market windows for
the product.
Price and volume forecasts and the basis for
these forecasts.
For industrial minerals the customer
specification, testing and acceptance
requirementsprior to a supply contract.
• Doré is sold direct to the Perth Mint at spot price
• Market window unlikely to change
• Price is likely to go up, down or remain same
• Not industrial mineral
Classification The basis for the classification of the Mineral
Resources into varying confidence categories.
Whether appropriate account has been taken
of all relevant factors (ie relative confidence in
tonnage/grade estimations, reliability of input
data, confidence in continuity of geology and
metal values, quality, quantity and distribution
of the data).
Whether the result appropriately reflects the
Competent Person’s view of the deposit.
• The resource has been classified as Indicated or Inferred
categories based on geological and grade continuity and
drillhole spacing and generation.
• The resource classification accounts for all relevant factors.
• The classification reflects the Competent Person’s view.
Economic The inputs to the economic analysis to
produce the net present value (NPV) in the
study, the source and confidence of these
economic inputs including estimated inflation,
discount rate, etc.
NPV ranges and sensitivity to variations in the
significant assumptions and inputs.

No audits or reviews conducted

Due to the short project life, only present value has been
evaluated.

All inputs used are derived from actual costs at the
relevant RMS operations (ore processing) or contractor
quoted indicative rates.
Social The status of agreements with key
stakeholders and matters leading to social
licence to operate.

Engagement with DBCA in relation to the portion of the
Marda Project within the proposed 5(1)(h) dual purpose
Conservation and Mining Reserve

44


Final approval (pending) of the statutory submissions to
DMIRS (Project Management Plan, Mining Proposal and
Mine Closure Plan)

Access Agreement with the Mt Jackson Pastoral Lessee
in progress.

Approval in place to utilize Shire Controlled Roads
between Marda and Southern Cross.
Other To the extent relevant, the impact of the
following on the project and/or on the
estimation and classification of the Ore
Reserves:
Any identified material naturally occurring
risks.
The status of material legal agreements and
marketing arrangements.
The status of governmental agreements and
approvals critical to the viability of the project,
such as mineral tenement status, and
government and statutory approvals. There
must be reasonable grounds to expect that all
necessary Government approvals will be
received within the timeframes anticipated in
the Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility study.
Highlight and discuss the materiality of any
unresolved matter that is dependent on a third
party on which extraction of the reserve is
contingent.
• Project commencement is subject to amended regulatory
approvals.
Classification The basis for the classification of the Ore
Reserves into varying confidence categories.
Whether the result appropriately reflects the
Competent Person’s view of the deposit.
The proportion of Probable Ore Reserves that
have been derived from Measured Mineral
Resources(if any)
• Reserves are classified according to Resource
classification.
• They reflect the Competent Person’s view.
• No Measured Resources exist. All Reserve is in the
Probable category and based on Indicated Resource.
Audits or
reviews
The results of any audits or reviews of Ore
Reserve estimates.
• No external audits carried out.
Discussion of
relative accuracy
/ confidence
Where appropriate a statement of the relative
accuracy and confidence level in the Ore
Reserve estimate using an approach or
procedure deemed appropriate by the
Competent Person. For example, the
application of statistical or geostatistical
procedures to quantify the relative accuracy of
the reserve within stated confidence limits, or,
if such an approach is not deemed
appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the
factors which could affect the relative accuracy
and confidence of the estimate.
The statement should specify whether it
relates to global or local estimates, and, if
local, state the relevant tonnages, which
should be relevant to technical and economic
evaluation. Documentation should include
• Confidence is in line with gold industry standards and the
company’s aim to provide effective prediction for current
and future mining projects. No statistical quantification of
confidence limits has been applied.
• Estimates are global.
• The Reserve is most sensitive to; a) resource grade
accuracy, b) gold price, c) geotechnical wall angles.
• Reserve confidence is reflected by the Probable category
applied, which in turn reflects the confidence of the Mineral
Resource.
• No production data is available for comparison.

45

assumptions made and the procedures used.Accuracy and confidence discussions should extend to specific discussions of any applied Modifying Factors that may have a material impact on Ore Reserve viability, or for which there are remaining areas of uncertainty at the current study stage.It is recognised that this may not be possible or appropriate in all circumstances. These statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate should be compared with production data, where available.

Attachment C: JORC Table 1 Report Symes Find Project

Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Sampling
techniques

Nature and quality of sampling (eg cut
channels, random chips, or specific specialised
industry standard measurement tools
appropriate to the minerals under investigation,
such as down hole gamma sondes, or
handheld XRF instruments, etc). These
examples should not be taken as limiting the
broad meaning of sampling.

Include reference to measures taken to ensure
sample representivity and the appropriate
calibration of any measurement tools or
systems used.

Aspects of the determination of mineralisation
that are Material to the Public Report.

In cases where ‘industry standard’ work has
been done this would be relatively simple (eg
‘reverse circulation drilling was used to obtain 1
m samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to
produce a 30 g charge for fire assay’). In other
cases more explanation may be required, such
as where there is coarse gold that has inherent
sampling problems. Unusual commodities or
mineralisation types (eg submarine nodules)
may warrant disclosure of detailed information.
• At all projects potential gold mineralised RC intervals are
systematically sampled using industry standard 1m
intervals collected from reverse circulation (RC) drill holes.
Surface Diamond holes may be sampled along sub 1m
geological contacts, otherwise 1m intervals are the default.
• Some first pass Aircore/RAB drilling occurs and may be
used where confirmed by later RC drilling.
• Drill hole locations were designed to allow for spatial
spread across the interpreted mineralised zone. All RC
samples were collected, and riffle or cone split to 3-4kg
samples on 1m metre intervals. Aircore samples are
speared from piles on the ground and are composited into
4m intervals before despatching to the laboratory. Single
metre bottom of hole Aircore samples are also collected for
trace element determinations. Diamond core is half cut
along downhole orientation lines. Half core is sent to the
laboratory for analysis and the other half is retained for
future reference.
• Standard fire assaying was employed using a 50gm
charge with an AAS finish for all diamond, RC and Aircore
chip samples.
Drilling
techniques
Drill type (eg core, reverse circulation, open-
hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka,
sonic, etc) and details (eg core diameter, triple
or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face-
sampling bit or other type, whether core is
oriented and if so, by what method, etc).
• Drilling was completed using 4.5” face sampling RC drilling
hammers for all RC drill holes best practice NQ diamond
core. Aircore holes were completed using 4” blade bits or
RC hammers.
Drill sample
recovery
Method of recording and assessing core and
chip sample recoveries and results assessed.
Measures taken to maximise sample recovery
and ensure representative nature of the
samples.
Whether a relationship exists between sample
recovery and grade and whether sample bias
may have occurred due to preferential
• RC drill hole samples were visually inspected by the
logging geologist to ensure adequate clean sample
recoveries were achieved. Any wet, contaminated or poor
sample returns are flagged and recorded in the database
to ensure no sampling bias is introduced.
• Zones of poor sample return in RC are recorded in the
database and cross checked once assay results are

46

loss/gain of fine/coarse material. received from the laboratory to ensure no
misrepresentation of sampling intervals has occurred. Of
note, excellent RC drill recovery is reported from all RC
holes.
Logging Whether core and chip samples have been
geologically and geotechnically logged to a
level of detail to support appropriate Mineral
Resource estimation, mining studies and
metallurgical studies.
Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in
nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc)
photography.
The total length and percentage of the relevant
intersections logged.
• All drill samples are geologically logged on site by
professional geologists. Details on the host lithologies,
deformation, dominant minerals including sulphide species
and alteration minerals plus veining are recorded
relationally (separately) so the logging is interactive and
not biased to lithology.
• Drill hole logging is qualitative on visual recordings of rock
forming minerals and quantitative on estimates of mineral
abundance.
• The entire length of each drill hole is geologically logged.
Sub-sampling
techniques and
sample
preparation
If core, whether cut or sawn and whether
quarter, half or all core taken.
If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled,
rotary split, etc and whether sampled wet or
dry.
For all sample types, the nature, quality and
appropriateness of the sample preparation
technique.
Quality control procedures adopted for all sub-
sampling stages to maximise representivity of
samples.
Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is
representative of the in situ material collected,
including for instance results for field
duplicate/second-half sampling.
Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the
grain size of the material being sampled.

For holes SYFC001-083 duplicate samples were collected
every 50th sample and for holes SYFC0084-onwards
duplicate samples were collected every 20th sample from
the RC chips.

Dry RC 1m samples are cone split to 3-4kg as drilled and
dispatched to the laboratory. Any wet samples are
recorded in the database as such and allowed to dry
before splitting and dispatching to the laboratory.
Quantitative estimate of sample recovery is recorded.

All RC chips are pulverized prior to splitting in the
laboratory to ensure homogenous samples with 85%
passing 75um. 200gm is extracted by spatula that is used
for the 50gm or 30 gm charge on standard fire assays.

All samples submitted to the laboratory are sorted and
reconciled against the submission documents. In addition
to duplicates a selection of Certified Reference Materials
standards at various grade ranges (high grade to low
grade and controlled blank) were included every 20-25th
sample.

The sample size is considered appropriate for the type,
style, thickness and consistency of mineralization.
Quality of
assay data and
laboratory tests
The nature, quality and appropriateness of the
assaying and laboratory procedures used and
whether the technique is considered partial or
total.
For geophysical tools, spectrometers,
handheld XRF instruments, etc, the
parameters used in determining the analysis
including instrument make and model, reading
times, calibrations factors applied and their
derivation, etc.
Nature of quality control procedures adopted
(eg standards, blanks, duplicates, external
laboratory checks) and whether acceptable
levels of accuracy (ie lack of bias) and
precision have been established.

The fire assay method is designed to measure the total
gold in the RC samples. The technique involves standard
fire assays using a 50gm sample charge with a lead flux
(decomposed in the furnace). The prill is totally digested
by HCl and HNO3 acids before measurement of the gold
determination by AAS.

No field analyses of gold grades are completed.
Quantitative analysis of the gold content is undertaken in a
controlled laboratory environment.

Industry best practice is employed with the inclusion of
duplicates and a selection of Certified Reference Materials
at various grade ranges (standards) as discussed above
and used by Ramelius as well as the laboratory.
Standards and blanks are interrogated to ensure they lie
within acceptable tolerances. Additionally, sample size,
grind size and field duplicates are examined to ensure no
bias to gold grades exists.
Verification of
sampling and
assaying
The verification of significant intersections by
either independent or alternative company
personnel.
The use of twinned holes.
Documentation of primary data, data entry
procedures, data verification, data storage
• The fire assay method is designed to measure the total
gold in the RC samples. The technique involves standard
fire assays using a 50gm sample charge with a lead flux
(decomposed in the furnace). The prill is totally digested
by HCl and HNO3 acids before measurement of the gold
determination byAAS.

47

(physical and electronic) protocols.
Discuss any adjustment to assay data.
• No field analyses of gold grades are completed.
Quantitative analysis of the gold content is undertaken in a
controlled laboratory environment.
• Industry best practice is employed with the inclusion of
duplicates and a selection of Certified Reference Materials
at various grade ranges (standards) as discussed above
and used by Ramelius as well as the laboratory.
Standards and blanks are interrogated to ensure they lie
within acceptable tolerances. Additionally, sample size,
grind size and field duplicates are examined to ensure no
bias to gold grades exists.
Location of
data points
Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate
drill holes (collar and down-hole surveys),
trenches, mine workings and other locations
used in Mineral Resource estimation.
Specification of the grid system used.
Quality and adequacy of topographic control.
All drill hole collars are picked up by a qualified surveyor
using accurate RTK GPS survey control. All down hole
surveys are collected using downhole gyro surveying
techniques (Axis ChampGyro) provided by the drilling
contractor.
• All holes were picked up in MGA94 – Zone 50 grid
coordinates.
Data spacing
and distribution
Data spacing for reporting of Exploration
Results.
Whether the data spacing and distribution is
sufficient to establish the degree of geological
and grade continuity appropriate for the
Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimation
procedure(s) and classifications applied.
Whether sample compositing has been
applied.
• RC drill patterns are generally 20 x 20m, 10 x 10m in areas
requiring higher definition
• Drill spacing is sufficient to establish appropriate continuity
and classifications.
• No sampling compositing has been applied within key
mineralised intervals.
Orientation of
data in relation
to geological
structure
Whether the orientation of sampling achieves
unbiased sampling of possible structures and
the extent to which this is known, considering
the deposit type.
If the relationship between the drilling
orientation and the orientation of key
mineralised structures is considered to have
introduced a sampling bias, this should be
assessed and reported if material.
• The core drilling and RC drilling is completed orthogonal to
the interpreted strike of the target horizon(s). A number of
scissor holes exist at most deposits.
• No orientation bias is evident
Sample
security
The measures taken to ensure sample
security.
• Sample security is integral to Ramelius’ sampling
procedures. All bagged samples are delivered directly from
the field to the assay laboratory in Perth, whereupon the
laboratory checks the physically received samples against
Ramelius’sample submission/dispatch notes.
Audits or
reviews
The results of any audits or reviews of
sampling techniques and data.
• Sampling techniques and procedures are reviewed prior to
the commencement of new work programmes to ensure
adequate procedures are in place to maximize the sample
collection and sample quality on new projects. No external
audits have been completed to date.

Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Mineral
tenement and
land tenure
status
Type, reference name/number, location and
ownership including agreements or material
issues with third parties such as joint ventures,
partnerships, overriding royalties, native title
interests, historical sites, wilderness or national
park and environmental settings.
The security of the tenure held at the time of
• The results reported in this report are located on granted
Mining Leases (ML) owned by Ramelius Resources Ltd.
• Currently all the tenements are in good standing. There are
no known impediments to obtaining a licences to operate in
either area.

48

reporting along with any known impediments to
obtaining a licence to operate in the area.
Exploration done
by other parties
Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration
by other parties.
• Exploration and mining by other parties has been reviewed
and is used. Previous parties have completed shallow
RAB, Aircore drilling RC and diamond drilling. Companies
include Valiant Consolidated Limited, in the early 1980’s.
Geology Deposit type, geological setting and style of
mineralisation.
• The targeted mineralisation is typical of orogenic structurally
controlled Archaean gold lode systems. Mineralisation is
associated with gently folded, shallow (20-30°) east dipping
mafic gneiss sequence, cut by east-west trending
subvertical shears. Shallow east plunging shoots manifest
along the intersection of the shears and the east dipping
gneissic fabric. Gold is associated with sulphide alteration
and quartz veining in mafic lithologies. Deep weathering
has likely generated supergene enhancement of gold at
shallow to moderate depths, and also surficial laterite
mineralisation
Drill hole
Information
A summary of all information material to the
understanding of the exploration results
including a tabulation of the following
information for all Material drill holes:
o easting and northing of the drill hole collar
o elevation or RL (Reduced Level – elevation
above sea level in metres) of the drill hole collar
o dip and azimuth of the hole
o down hole length and interception depth
o hole length.
If the exclusion of this information is justified on
the basis that the information is not Material and
this exclusion does not detract from the
understanding of the report, the Competent
Person should clearly explain why this is the
case.
• All RMS drill holes completed, including holes with no
significant results (as defined in the Attachments) are
reported in previous announcements (see text).
• Easting and Northing are given in MGA94 coordinates as
defined in the Attachments
• RL is AHD
• Dip is the inclination of the hole from the horizontal.
Azimuth is reported in MGA94 degrees. MGA94 and
magnetic degrees vary by <2 in the project area.
• Down hole length is the distance measured along the drill
hole trace. Intersection length is the thickness of an
anomalous gold intersection measured along the drill hole
trace.
• Hole length is the distance from the surface to the end of
the hole measured along the drill hole trace.
• No results currently available from the exploration drilling
are excluded from reports.
Data aggregation
methods
In reporting Exploration Results, weighting
averaging techniques, maximum and/or
minimum grade truncations (eg cutting of high
grades) and cut-off grades are usually Material
and should be stated.
Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short
lengths of high grade results and longer lengths
of low grade results, the procedure used for
such aggregation should be stated and some
typical examples of such aggregations should
be shown in detail.
The assumptions used for any reporting of
metal equivalent values should be clearly
stated.
• The first gold assay result received from each sample
reported by the laboratory is tabled in the list of significant
assays. Subsequent repeat analyses when performed by
the laboratory are checked against the original to ensure
repeatability of the assay results.
• Weighted average techniques are applied to determine the
grade of the anomalous interval when geological intervals
less than 1m have been sampled.
• Exploration drilling results are generally reported using a
0.5 g/t Au lower cut-off for RC and diamond (as reported in
the previous Attachments) and may include up to 4m of
sub-grade internal dilution. No metal equivalent reporting is
used or applied.
Relationship
between
mineralisation
widths and
intercept lengths
These relationships are particularly important in
the reporting of Exploration Results.
If the geometry of the mineralisation with
respect to the drill hole angle is known, its
nature should be reported.
If it is not known and only the down hole lengths
are reported, there should be a clear statement
to this effect (eg ‘down hole length, true width
not known’).
• The intersection length is measured down the length of the
hole and is not usually the true width. When sufficient
knowledge on the thickness of the intersection is known an
estimate of the true thickness is provided in the
Attachments.
• The known geometry of the mineralisation with respect to
the drill holes reported in this report is now well constrained.
Diagrams Appropriate maps and sections (with scales)
and tabulations of intercepts should be included
• Example maps and sections are included.

49

for any significant discovery being reported
These should include, but not be limited to a
plan view of drill hole collar locations and
appropriate sectional views.
Balanced
reporting
Where comprehensive reporting of all
Exploration Results is not practicable,
representative reporting of both low and high
grades and/or widths should be practiced to
avoid misleading reporting of Exploration
Results.
• All RMS drill holes completed to date are reported in
previous releases and all material intersections are
reported.
Other
substantive
exploration data
Other exploration data, if meaningful and
material, should be reported including (but not
limited to): geological observations; geophysical
survey results; geochemical survey results; bulk
samples – size and method of treatment;
metallurgical test results; bulk density,
groundwater, geotechnical and rock
characteristics; potential deleterious or
contaminating substances.
• No other exploration data that has been collected is
considered meaningful and material to this report.
Further work The nature and scale of planned further work
(eg tests for lateral extensions or depth
extensions or large-scale step-out drilling).
Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of
possible extensions, including the main
geological interpretations and future drilling
areas, provided this information is not
commercially sensitive.
• Further drilling infill is required to increase definition of high-
grade quartz vein structures that are present on the lease.
• Diagrams highlighting extensions of mineralisation across
the tenement boundary are included.

Section 3 Estimation and Reporting of Mineral Resources

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Database
integrity
Measures taken to ensure that data has not
been corrupted by, for example, transcription
or keying errors, between its initial collection
and its use for Mineral Resource estimation
purposes.
Data validation procedures used.
• Historic drill data was sourced from an Access database.
Recent Ramelius drilling employs an SQL central database
using Datashed information management software. Data
collection uses Field Marshall software with fixed templates
and lookup tables for collecting field data electronically.
Several validation checks occur upon data upload to the
main database. Datasets were merged and show good
agreement
Site visits Comment on any site visits undertaken by the
Competent Person and the outcome of those
visits.
If no site visits have been undertaken indicate
why this is the case.
• The Competent Person has not visited site.
• The Project is relatively small and the Competent Person
has a high confidence in drilling and interpretation
undertaken by the Ramelius exploration and resource
team.
Geological
interpretation
Confidence in (or conversely, the uncertainty
of) the geological interpretation of the mineral
deposit.
Nature of the data used and of any
assumptions made.
The effect, if any, of alternative interpretations
on Mineral Resource estimation.
The use of geology in guiding and controlling
Mineral Resource estimation.
The factors affecting continuity both of grade
and geology.
• Confidence in the geological interpretation is reasonably
high. Deposits are generally strongly oxidised however
grade continuity is reasonable.
• Data used includes drilling assays & logging from a number
of generations of drilling
• No alternate interpretation required.
• Geology forms a base component in the mineralisation
interpretation.
Dimensions The extent and variability of the Mineral
Resource expressed as length (along strike or
• Lode and Supergene styles. Strikes range from 440m
(Laterite) to 44m (HG Qtz Vein) and dip horizontal to 45°.

50

otherwise), plan width, and depth below
surface to the upper and lower limits of the
Mineral Resource.
Average lode width approximately 4 m, mostly ranging
between 1- 6m. Mineralisation extends to approximately
75m below the surface.
Estimation and
modelling
techniques
The nature and appropriateness of the
estimation technique(s) applied and key
assumptions, including treatment of extreme
grade values, domaining, interpolation
parameters and maximum distance of
extrapolation from data points. If a computer
assisted estimation method was chosen
include a description of computer software and
parameters used.
The availability of check estimates, previous
estimates and/or mine production records and
whether the Mineral Resource estimate takes
appropriate account of such data.
The assumptions made regarding recovery of
by-products.
Estimation of deleterious elements or other
non-grade variables of economic significance
(e.g. sulphur for acid mine drainage
characterisation).
In the case of block model interpolation, the
block size in relation to the average sample
spacing and the search employed.
Any assumptions behind modelling of selective
mining units.
Any assumptions about correlation between
variables.
Description of how the geological interpretation
was used to control the resource estimates.
Discussion of basis for using or not using
grade cutting or capping.
The process of validation, the checking
process used, the comparison of model data to
drill hole data, and use of reconciliation data if
available.
• The geological interpretation of the lode equates to the
estimation domain. A comparison of the resource model
wireframes to the block model volume is completed as part
of the validation process.
• Grade within the domain is estimated by geological
software using Inverse Distance Squared within hard
bounded domains.
• Only gold is estimated
• No deleterious elements present
• Parent cell of 10mE x 5mN x 5mRL with sub-cells to
minimum of 2mE x 1mN x 2.5mRL. Parent cell estimation
only. The sub-cell size is small to allow for narrow sections
of the lode to be defined. Parent cells are SMU size.
• Domains are geostatistically analysed and assigned
appropriate search directions, top-cuts and estimation
parameters. The search is aligned with the observed
geological strike and dip of the lode.
• Samples were composited within ore domains to 1m
lengths.
• Top cuts were applied to domains after review of grade
population characteristics. Topcuts used ranged from 5 to
30 g/t.
• Validation includes visual comparison against drillhole
grades, statistical comparison of estimates against sample
data and comparison against previous models.
Moisture Whether the tonnages are estimated on a dry
basis or with natural moisture, and the method
of determination of the moisture content.
• Tonnages are estimated on a dry basis
Cut-off
parameters
The basis of the adopted cut-off grade(s) or
quality parameters applied.
• All lode material within longsectionally defined
category/grade areas is reported including minor internal
low-grade zones.
Mining factors or
assumptions
Assumptions made regarding possible mining
methods, minimum mining dimensions and
internal (or, if applicable, external) mining
dilution. It is always necessary as part of the
process of determining reasonable prospects
for eventual economic extraction to consider
potential mining methods, but the assumptions
made regarding mining methods and
parameters when estimating Mineral
Resources may not always be rigorous. Where
this is the case, this should be reported with an
explanation of the basis of the mining
assumptions made.
• Resources are reported on the assumption of mining by
conventional open pit mining methods. Parent block size
and estimation methodology were selected to generate a
model appropriate for open pit mining on 2.5m flitches.
Subcelled models were used for mining evaluation and
dilution factors were varied based on orebody widths and
ranged from 7-15%.

51

Metallurgical
factors or
assumptions
The basis for assumptions or predictions
regarding metallurgical amenability. It is
always necessary as part of the process of
determining reasonable prospects for eventual
economic extraction to consider potential
metallurgical methods, but the assumptions
regarding metallurgical treatment processes
and parameters made when reporting Mineral
Resources may not always be rigorous. Where
this is the case, this should be reported with an
explanation of the basis of the metallurgical
assumptions made.
• No metallurgical testwork is available for the material on
lease ML 77/1111, though sampling and testwork are
planned for 2019. Previous treatment history of material
on an adjacent lease that is analogous to the
mineralisation at Symes Find is available at the Edna May
Operations plant, which will form a basis for guidance on
how the Symes Find material will be processed.
Recoveries achieved in the adjacent lease material was
92% through the plant.
Environmental
factors or
assumptions
Assumptions made regarding possible waste
and process residue disposal options. It is
always necessary as part of the process of
determining reasonable prospects for eventual
economic extraction to consider the potential
environmental impacts of the mining and
processing operation. While at this stage the
determination of potential environmental
impacts, particularly for a greenfields project,
may not always be well advanced, the status
of early consideration of these potential
environmental impacts should be reported.
Where these aspects have not been
considered this should be reported with an
explanation of the environmental assumptions
made.
• The current proposal is for processing to take place at
Edna May Operations.
• Permitting processes are underway with appropriate
regulators.
Bulk density Whether assumed or determined. If assumed,
the basis for the assumptions. If determined,
the method used, whether wet or dry, the
frequency of the measurements, the nature,
size and representativeness of the samples.
The bulk density for bulk material must have
been measured by methods that adequately
account for void spaces (vugs, porosity, etc.),
moisture and differences between rock and
alteration zones within the deposit.
Discuss assumptions for bulk density
estimates used in the evaluation process of
the different materials.
• Ramelius hasn’t undertaken Bulk Density testwork but has
used simplified density estimates from using the measured
data and experience with similar deposits. Densities used
range for 2.0 (oxide) to 2.8 (fresh mafic) and are varied for
rocktype and oxidation.
Classification The basis for the classification of the Mineral
Resources into varying confidence categories.
Whether appropriate account has been taken
of all relevant factors (ie relative confidence in
tonnage/grade estimations, reliability of input
data, confidence in continuity of geology and
metal values, quality, quantity and distribution
of the data).
Whether the result appropriately reflects the
Competent Person’s view of the deposit.
• The resource has been classified into Indicated or Inferred
categories based on geological and grade continuity and
drillhole spacing and generation.
• The resource classification accounts for all relevant factors.
• The classification reflects the Competent Person’s view.
Audits or
reviews
The results of any audits or reviews of Mineral
Resource estimates.

No audits or reviews conducted
Discussion of
relative
accuracy/
confidence
Where appropriate a statement of the relative
accuracy and confidence level in the Mineral
Resource estimate using an approach or
procedure deemed appropriate by the
Competent Person. For example, the
• The accuracy and confidence in the Resource is high given
the deposit style, quality and density of drilling and
sampling, both historic and new.
• Resources are global estimates.
• No production data is available.

52

==> picture [78 x 203] intentionally omitted <==

  • application of statistical or geostatistical procedures to quantify the relative accuracy of the resource within stated confidence limits, or, if such an approach is not deemed appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the factors that could affect the relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate.

  • The statement should specify whether it relates to global or local estimates, and, if local, state the relevant tonnages, which should be relevant to technical and economic evaluation. Documentation should include assumptions made and the procedures used.

  • These statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate should be compared with production data, where available.

==> picture [241 x 203] intentionally omitted <==

53