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MORGAN STANLEY — Capital/Financing Update 2010
Sep 8, 2010
29766_prs_2010-09-08_fc1f11fc-6b91-42a2-b4f7-bda3c60d3ba1.zip
Capital/Financing Update
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| CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE — Title of Each Class of Securities Offered | Maximum Aggregate Offering Price | Amount of Registration Fee |
|---|---|---|
| Buffered Jump Securities due 2011 | $12,267,000 | $874.64 |
| PROSPECTUS Dated December 23, 2008 | Pricing Supplement No. 510 to |
|---|---|
| PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT | Registration Statement No. 333-156423 |
| Dated December 23, 2008 | Dated September 3, 2010 |
| Rule 424(b)(2) |
$12,267,000
GLOBAL MEDIUM-TERM NOTES, SERIES F
Senior Fixed Rate Notes
Buffered Jump Securities due March 11, 2011
Based on the Value of the S&P GSCI TM Crude Oil Index – Excess Return
Unlike ordinary debt securities, the Buffered Jump Securities due March 11, 2011 Based on the Value of the S&P GSCI TM Crude Oil Index – Excess Return, which we refer to as the securities, do not pay interest and do not guarantee the repayment of any principal at maturity. Instead, at maturity you will receive for each $1,000 stated principal amount of securities that you hold an amount in cash that will vary depending on the closing value of the S&P GSCI TM Crude Oil Index – Excess Return, which we refer to as the index, on the valuation date. If the value of the index has appreciated at all on the valuation date, you will receive the fixed upside payment described below. However, if the index declines in value by more than 10% from its initial value on the valuation date, the payment due at maturity will be less, and possibly significantly less, than the stated principal amount of the securities. There is no minimum payment at maturity on the securities, and you could lose your entire investment in the securities. The securities are senior unsecured obligations of Morgan Stanley, and all payments on the securities are subject to the credit risk of Morgan Stanley.
• The stated principal amount and issue price of each security is $1,000.
• We will not pay interest on the securities.
• At maturity, you will receive an amount per security based on the performance of the index on the valuation date:
º If the final index value is greater than the initial index value, you will receive for each $1,000 stated principal amount of securities that you hold a payment at maturity equal to $1,000 plus the upside payment. The upside payment will equal $80 per security (8% of the stated principal amount).
º If the final index value is less than or equal to the initial index value but greater than or equal to 90% of the initial index value, meaning the index has declined in value by an amount less than or equal to the buffer amount of 10%, you will receive your $1,000 stated principal amount at maturity.
º If the final index value is less than 90% of the initial index value, meaning the value of the index has declined by more than the buffer amount of 10% from its initial value, you will receive for each $1,000 stated principal amount of securities that you hold a payment at maturity equal to $1,000 + [$1,000 x (index return + 10%) x downside factor]. This amount will be less, and possibly significantly less, than the $1,000 stated principal amount of the securities and could be zero.
• The index return in this calculation will be negative will be equal to (i) the final index value minus the initial index value divided by (ii) the initial index value.
º The initial index value is 468.4520, which is the official settlement price of the index on the day we priced the securities for initial sale to the public, which we refer to as the pricing date.
º The final index value will equal the official settlement price of the index on March 4, 2011, which we refer to as the valuation date, subject to postponement for non-index business days and certain market disruption events.
• The downside factor will be equal to 1.111.
• Investing in the securities is not equivalent to investing directly in the index or in the crude oil futures contracts underlying the index.
• The securities will not be listed on any securities exchange.
• The CUSIP number for the securities is 617482NG5. The ISIN for the securities is US617482NG54.
You should read the more detailed description of the securities in this pricing supplement. In particular, you should review and understand the descriptions in “Summary of Pricing Supplement” and “Description of Securities.”
The securities are riskier than ordinary debt securities. See “Risk Factors” beginning on PS-7.
The Securities and Exchange Commission and state securities regulators have not approved or disapproved these securities, or determined if this pricing supplement is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
PRICE 100%
| Price to Public (1) | Agent’s Commissions (2) | Proceeds to Issuer | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Per Security | $1,000 | $5.00 | $995.00 |
| Total | $12,267,000 | $57,160 | $12,205,665 |
(1) Certain fiduciary accounts will pay a purchase price of $995 per security, and the placement agents with respect to sales made to such accounts will forgo any fees. See “Description of Securities—Supplemental Information Concerning Plan of Distribution” in this pricing supplement.
(2) J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. acting as placement agents for the securities, will receive a fee of $5.00 per $1,000 principal amount security, but will forgo any fees for sales to fiduciary accounts. The total fees represent the amount that the placement agents received from sales to accounts other than such fiduciary accounts. See “Description of Securities—Supplemental Information Concerning Plan of Distribution” in this pricing supplement for information about fees and commissions.
The securities are not bank deposits and are not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency, nor are they obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.
JPMorgan
Placement Agent
For a description of certain restrictions on offers, sales and deliveries of the securities and on the distribution of this pricing supplement and the accompanying prospectus supplement and prospectus relating to the securities, see the section of this pricing supplement called “Description of Securities––Supplemental Information Concerning Plan of Distribution.”
No action has been or will be taken by us, the Agent or any dealer that would permit a public offering of the securities or possession or distribution of this pricing supplement or the accompanying prospectus supplement or prospectus in any jurisdiction, other than the United States, where action for that purpose is required. Neither this pricing supplement nor the accompanying prospectus supplement and prospectus may be used for the purpose of an offer or solicitation by anyone in any jurisdiction in which such offer or solicitation is not authorized or to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such an offer or solicitation.
The securities have not been and will not be registered with the Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (The Brazilian Securities Commission). The securities may not be offered or sold in the Federative Republic of Brazil except in circumstances which do not constitute a public offering or distribution under Brazilian laws and regulations.
The securities have not been registered with the Superintendencia de Valores y Seguros in Chile and may not be offered or sold publicly in Chile. No offer, sales or deliveries of the securities or distribution of this pricing supplement or the accompanying prospectus supplement or prospectus, may be made in or from Chile except in circumstances which will result in compliance with any applicable Chilean laws and regulations.
No action has been taken to permit an offering of the securities to the public in Hong Kong as the securities have not been authorized by the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong and, accordingly, no advertisement, invitation or document relating to the securities, whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere, shall be issued, circulated or distributed which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong other than (i) with respect to the securities which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to professional investors within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571) of Hong Kong ("SFO") and any rules made thereunder or (ii) in circumstances that do not constitute an invitation to the public for the purposes of the SFO.
The securities have not been registered with the National Registry of Securities maintained by the Mexican National Banking and Securities Commission and may not be offered or sold publicly in Mexico. This pricing supplement and the accompanying prospectus supplement and prospectus may not be publicly distributed in Mexico.
The Agent and each dealer represent and agree that they will not offer or sell the securities nor make the securities the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, nor will they circulate or distribute the pricing supplement or the accompanying prospectus supplement or the prospectus or any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the securities, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than:
(a) an institutional investor (as defined in section 4A of the Securities and Futures Act (Chapter 289 of Singapore (the “SFA”));
(b) an accredited investor (as defined in section 4A of the SFA), and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA;
(c) a person who acquires the securities for an aggregate consideration of not less than Singapore dollars Two Hundred Thousand (S$200,000) (or its equivalent in a foreign currency) for each transaction, whether such amount is paid for in cash, by exchange of shares or other assets, unless otherwise permitted by law; or
(d) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA.
PS-2
SUMMARY OF PRICING SUPPLEMENT
The following summary describes the securities in general terms only. You should read the summary together with the more detailed information that is contained in the rest of this pricing supplement and in the accompanying prospectus and prospectus supplement. You should carefully consider, among other things, the matters set forth in “Risk Factors.”
The securities are medium-term debt securities of Morgan Stanley. The securities have been designed for investors who are willing to forgo market floating interest rates on the securities in exchange for a payment at maturity based on the performance of the S&P GSCI TM Crude Oil Index – Excess Return, which we refer to as the index, on the valuation date. At maturity, you will receive a positive return on the securities only if the closing value of the index on the valuation date is greater than the initial index value. Such positive return, however, will be limited to the principal amount of $1,000 per security plus the fixed upside payment of $80 even if the final index value is significantly greater than the initial index value. All payments on the securities are subject to the credit risk of Morgan Stanley.
“S&P GSCI TM ” is a trademark of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. and has been licensed for use by Morgan Stanley.
| Each security costs $1,000 | We, Morgan Stanley, are offering Buffered Jump Securities due March 11, 2011 Based on the Value of the S&P GSCI TM Crude Oil Index – Excess Return, which we refer to as the securities. The stated principal amount and issue price of each security is $1,000. |
|---|---|
| The original issue price of the securities includes the agent’s commissions paid with respect to the securities and the cost of hedging our obligations under the securities. The cost of hedging includes the projected profit that our subsidiaries may realize in consideration for assuming the risks inherent in managing the hedging transactions. The fact that the original issue price of the securities includes these commissions and hedging costs is expected to adversely affect the secondary market prices of the securities. These secondary market prices are also likely to be reduced by the costs of unwinding the related hedging transactions. See “Risk Factors—The inclusion of commissions and projected profit from hedging in the original issue price is likely to adversely affect secondary market prices” and “Description of Securities—Use of Proceeds and Hedging.” | |
| The securities do not guarantee the repayment of any principal at maturity; no interest | Unlike ordinary debt securities, the securities do not pay interest and do not guarantee the repayment of any of the stated principal amount at maturity. Instead, at maturity you will receive for each $1,000 stated principal amount of securities that you hold an amount in cash that will vary depending upon the value of the index on the valuation date, and which may be significantly less than the stated principal amount of the securities and which could be zero. If the index increases from its initial value, you will receive the fixed upside payment described below. If the index declines on the valuation date by more than 10% from the initial index value, for every 1% decline in the index beyond the buffer amount of 10%, you will lose an amount equal to 1.111% of the principal amount of your securities. |
| The initial index value is 468.4250, the official settlement price of the index on the day we priced the securities for initial sale to the public, which we refer to as the pricing date. | |
| The final index value will be the official settlement price of the index on March 4, 2011, which we refer to as the valuation date, subject to postponement for non-index |
PS-3
| business days and certain market disruption events. | |
|---|---|
| Payment at maturity depends on the value of the index | At maturity, you will receive for each $1,000 stated principal amount of securities that you hold an amount in cash that will vary depending upon the value of the index on the valuation date, determined as follows: |
| ● | If the final index value is greater than the initial index value , you will receive for each $1,000 stated principal amount of securities that you hold a payment at maturity equal to: |
|---|---|
| $1,000 + upside payment of $80, | |
| The payment at maturity will be limited to $1,080 per security even if the final index value has increased from the initial index value by more than 8%. | |
| ● | If the final index value is less than or equal to the initial index value but greater than or equal to 90% of the initial index value, meaning the index has declined in value by an amount less than or equal to the buffer amount of 10%, you will receive for each security that you hold the stated principal amount of $1,000 at maturity. |
| ● | If the final index value is less than 90% of the initial index value, meaning the value of the index has declined by more than the buffer amount of 10%, you will receive for each $1,000 stated principal amount of securities that you hold a payment at maturity equal to: |
| $1,000 + [$1,000 x (index return + 10%) x downside factor] | |
| where, |
| index return |
|---|
| initial index value |
| and |
|---|
| downside factor = 1.111 |
| If the final index value declines by more than the buffer amount of 10% from the initial index value, you will be exposed to that decline beyond the buffer amount on a leveraged basis without any minimum payment on the securities, and you could lose your entire investment. |
| All payments on the securities are subject to the credit risk of Morgan Stanley. |
|---|
| On PS-6, we have provided a graph titled “Hypothetical Payouts on the Securities at Maturity,” which illustrates the performance of the securities at maturity over a range of hypothetical percentage changes in the index. The graph does not show every situation that may occur. |
| You can review the historical values of the index in the section of this pricing supplement called “Description of Securities—Historical Information” starting on PS-24. You cannot predict the future performance of the index based on its historical performance. |
| Investing in the securities is not equivalent to investing directly in the index or the |
PS-4
| crude oil futures contracts underlying the index. | |
|---|---|
| Postponement of maturity date | If the scheduled valuation date is not an index business day or if a market disruption event occurs on that day so that the valuation date is postponed and falls less than two business days prior to the scheduled maturity date, the maturity date of the securities will be postponed to the second business day following the valuation date as postponed. |
| Morgan Stanley Capital Group Inc. will be the Calculation Agent | We have appointed our affiliate, Morgan Stanley Capital Group Inc., which we refer to as MSCG, or its successors to act as calculation agent for The Bank of New York Mellon, a New York banking corporation (as successor trustee to JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (formerly known as JPMorgan Chase Bank)), the trustee for our senior notes. As calculation agent, MSCG has determined the initial index value and will determine the final index value, whether a market disruption event has occurred and the index return, if applicable, and will calculate the payment that you will receive at maturity, if any. |
| Where you can find more information on the securities | The securities are senior unsecured notes issued as part of our Series F medium-term note program. You can find a general description of our Series F medium-term note program in the accompanying prospectus supplement dated December 23, 2008 and prospectus dated December 23, 2008. We describe the basic features of this type of security in the section of the prospectus supplement called “Description of Notes” and in the section of the prospectus called “Description of Debt Securities.” |
| Because this is a summary, it does not contain all of the information that may be important to you. For a detailed description of the terms of the securities, you should read the “Description of Securities” section in this pricing supplement. You should also read about some of the risks involved in investing in the securities in the section called “Risk Factors.” The tax and accounting treatment of investments in commodity-linked securities such as these may differ from that of investments in ordinary debt securities. See the section of this pricing supplement called “Description of Securities—United States Federal Taxation.” We urge you to consult with your investment, legal, tax, accounting and other advisers with regard to any proposed or actual investment in the securities. | |
| How to reach us | You may contact your local Morgan Stanley branch office or our principal executive offices at 1585 Broadway, New York, New York 10036 (telephone number (212) 761 - 4000). |
PS-5
EFPlaceholder HYPOTHETICAL PAYOUTS ON THE SECURITIES AT MATURITY
For each security, the following graph illustrates the payment at maturity on the securities for a range of hypothetical percentage changes in the index. The graph is based on the following terms:
• Stated Principal Amount per Security: $1,000
• Upside Payment: $80 per Security (8% of the Stated Principal Amount)
• Buffer Amount: 10%
• Minimum Payment at Maturity: None
EFPlaceholder
• Where the final index value is greater than the initial index value, the payment at maturity on the securities reflected in the graph above is greater than the $1,000 stated principal amount per security, but in all cases is equal to and will not exceed the $1,000 stated principal amount plus the upside payment of $80 per security. In the payoff diagram above, an investor will realize the payment at maturity of $1,080 per security at any final index value greater than the initial index value, and the payment at maturity will be limited to $1,080 per security even if the final index value has increased from the initial index value by more than 8%.
• Where the final index value is less than or equal to the initial index value but has decreased from the initial index value by an amount less than or equal to the buffer amount of 10%, the payment at maturity reflected in the graph above is equal to the $1,000 stated principal amount per security.
• Where the final index value has decreased from the initial index value by an amount greater than the buffer amount of 10%, the payment at maturity will be less than the stated principal amount of $1,000 by an amount that is proportionate to the percentage decrease of the index beyond the buffer amount times the downside factor of 1.111. For example, if the final index value has decreased by 25% from the initial index value, the payment at maturity will be $833.35 per security (83.335% of the stated principal amount).
PS-6
RISK FACTORS
The securities are not secured debt, are riskier than ordinary debt securities and, unlike ordinary debt securities, do not pay interest and do not guarantee the repayment of any principal at maturity. This section describes the most significant risks relating to the securities.
| The securities do not pay interest and do not guarantee the repayment of any of your principal at maturity | The terms of the securities differ from those of ordinary debt securities in that we will not pay you interest on the securities and do not guarantee the repayment of any of your principal at maturity. At maturity, you will receive for each $1,000 stated principal amount of securities that you hold an amount in cash based on the final index value. If the final index value is less than 90% of the initial index value, meaning the index has declined in value from its initial value by more than the 10% buffer amount, you will be exposed to that decline beyond the buffer amount on a leveraged basis, and you will lose 1.111% of your principal amount for every 1% decline in the final index value from the initial index value beyond the buffer amount. For example, if the final index value declines by 50% from the initial index value, you will lose 44.44% of your principal. As there is no minimum payment on the securities, you could lose your entire investment. |
|---|---|
| Appreciation potential for the securities is fixed and limited | Where the final index value is greater than the initial index value, the appreciation potential of the securities is limited to the fixed upside payment of $80 per security (8% of the stated principal amount). The payment at maturity will be limited to $1,080 per security even if the final index value has increased from the initial index value by more than 8%. See “Hypothetical Payouts on the Securities at Maturity” on PS-6. |
| The securities will not be listed and secondary trading may be limited | The securities will not be listed on any securities exchange. Therefore, there may be little or no secondary market for the securities. Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, which we refer to as MS & Co., may, but is not obligated to, make a market in the securities. Even if there is a secondary market, it may not provide enough liquidity to allow you to trade or sell the securities easily. Because we do not expect that other broker-dealers will participate significantly in the secondary market for the securities, the price at which you may be able to trade your securities is likely to depend on the price, if any, at which MS & Co. is willing to transact. If, at any time, MS & Co. were not to make a market in the securities, it is likely that there would be no secondary market for the securities. Accordingly, you should be willing to hold your securities to maturity. |
| Market price of the securities may be influenced by many unpredictable factors | Several factors, many of which are beyond our control, will influence the value of the securities in the secondary market and the price at which MS & Co. may be willing to purchase or sell the securities in the secondary market, including: |
| • | the value of the index at any time, |
|---|---|
| • | the volatility (frequency and magnitude of changes in value) of the index, |
| • | the market prices of the crude oil futures contracts underlying the index, and the volatility of such prices, |
| • | trends of supply and demand for the crude oil futures contracts underlying the index at any time, |
| • | interest and yield rates in the market, |
| • | geopolitical conditions and economic, financial, political, regulatory or judicial events that affect the crude oil futures contracts underlying the index or commodities generally and that may affect the final index value, |
PS-7
| • | the time remaining to the maturity of the securities, and |
|---|---|
| • | any actual or anticipated changes in our credit ratings or credit spreads. |
| Some or all of these factors will influence the price you will receive if you sell your securities prior to maturity. For example, you may have to sell your securities at a substantial discount from the stated principal amount if at the time of sale the value of the index is at or below the initial index value. | |
|---|---|
| You cannot predict the future performance of the index based on its historical performance. If the final index value declines by more than the buffer amount from the initial index value, you will be exposed on a 1.111 to 1 basis to such decline in the final index value beyond the buffer amount and, as a result, you may lose some or all of your investment at maturity. There can be no assurance that the final index value will be greater than the initial index value so that you will receive at maturity an amount that is greater than the $1,000 stated principal amount for each security you hold. | |
| Not equivalent to investing in the index | Investing in the securities is not equivalent to investing in the index or the crude oil futures contracts that underlie the index. |
| The securities are subject to the credit risk of Morgan Stanley, and any actual or anticipated changes to its credit ratings or credit spreads may adversely affect the market value of the securities | You are dependent on Morgan Stanley’s ability to pay all amounts due on the securities at maturity and therefore you are subject to the credit risk of Morgan Stanley. If Morgan Stanley defaults on its obligations under the securities, your investment would be at risk and you could lose some or all of your investment. As a result, the market value of the securities prior to maturity will be affected by changes in the market’s view of Morgan Stanley’s creditworthiness. Any actual or anticipated decline in Morgan Stanley’s credit ratings or increase in the credit spreads charged by the market for taking Morgan Stanley credit risk is likely to adversely affect the market value of the securities. |
| The inclusion of commissions and projected profit from hedging in the original issue price is likely to adversely affect secondary market prices | Assuming no change in market conditions or any other relevant factors, the price, if any, at which MS & Co. is willing to purchase the securities in secondary market transactions will likely be lower than the original issue price, since secondary market prices are likely to exclude commissions paid with respect to the securities and the cost of hedging our obligations under the securities that are included in the original issue price. The cost of hedging includes the projected profit that our subsidiaries may realize in consideration for assuming the risks inherent in managing the hedging transactions. These secondary market prices are also likely to be reduced by the costs of unwinding the related hedging transactions. Our subsidiaries may realize a profit from the expected hedging activity even if investors do not receive a favorable investment return under the terms of the securities or in any secondary market transaction. In addition, any secondary market prices may differ from values determined by pricing models used by MS & Co., as a result of dealer discounts, mark-ups or other transaction costs. |
| An investment in the securities will expose you to concentrated risk to crude oil | The index is composed entirely of crude oil futures contracts included in the S&P GSCI TM – Excess Return. An investment in the securities may therefore bear risks similar to a securities investment concentrated in a single underlying sector. The price of crude oil futures is primarily affected by the global demand for and supply of crude oil, but is also influenced significantly from time to time by speculative actions and by currency exchange rates. Demand for refined petroleum products by consumers, as well as the agricultural, manufacturing and transportation industries, affects the price of crude oil. Crude oil’s end-use as a refined product is often as transport fuel, industrial fuel and in-home heating fuel. Potential for |
PS-8
| substitution in most areas exists, although considerations including relative cost often limit substitution levels. Because the precursors of demand for petroleum products are linked to economic activity, demand will tend to reflect economic conditions. Demand is also influenced by government regulations, such as environmental or consumption policies. In addition to general economic activity and demand, prices for crude oil are affected by political events, labor activity and, in particular, direct government intervention (such as embargos) or supply disruptions in major oil producing regions of the world. Such events tend to affect oil prices worldwide, regardless of the location of the event. Supply for crude oil may increase or decrease depending on many factors. These include production decisions by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and other crude oil producers. In the event of sudden disruptions in the supplies of oil, such as those caused by war, natural events, accidents or acts of terrorism, prices of oil futures contracts could become extremely volatile and unpredictable. Also, sudden and dramatic changes in the futures market may occur, for example, upon a cessation of hostilities that may exist in countries producing oil, the introduction of new or previously withheld supplies into the market or the introduction of substitute products or commodities. The price of crude oil futures has experienced very severe price fluctuations over the recent past and there can be no assurance that this extreme price volatility will not continue in the future. You can review a table of the published high and low closing values, as well as end-of-quarter closing values, of the index for each calendar quarter in the period from January 1, 2005 through September 3, 2010 and a graph that plots the daily closing values of the index for the same period in this pricing supplement under “Description of Securities—Historical Information.” You cannot predict the future performance of the index based on its historical performance. In addition, there can be no assurance that the final index value will be greater than the initial index value so that you will receive at maturity an amount that is greater than the stated principal amount of the securities. If the final index value has declined by more than 10% from the initial index value, you will receive at maturity an amount that is less, and possibly significantly less, than the amount of your original investment in the securities and which could be zero. | |
|---|---|
| Suspensions or disruptions of market trading in commodity and related futures markets could adversely affect the price of the securities | The commodity markets are subject to temporary distortions or other disruptions due to various factors, including the lack of liquidity in the markets, the participation of speculators and government regulation and intervention. In addition, U.S. futures exchanges and some foreign exchanges have regulations that limit the amount of fluctuation in futures contract prices which may occur during a single business day. These limits are generally referred to as “daily price fluctuation limits” and the maximum or minimum price of a contract on any given day as a result of these limits is referred to as a “limit price.” Once the limit price has been reached in a particular contract, no trades may be made at a different price. Limit prices have the effect of precluding trading in a particular contract or forcing the liquidation of contracts at disadvantageous times or prices. These circumstances could adversely affect the value of the index and, therefore, the value of the securities. |
| The index may in the future include contracts that are not traded on regulated futures exchanges | The index was originally based solely on futures contracts traded on regulated futures exchanges (referred to in the United States as “designated contract markets”). At present, the index continues to be composed exclusively of regulated futures contracts. As described below, however, the index may in the future include over-the-counter contracts (such as swaps and forward contracts) traded on trading facilities that are subject to lesser degrees of regulation or, in some cases, no substantive regulation. As a result, trading in such contracts, and the manner in which prices and volumes are reported by the relevant trading facilities, may not be subject to the same provisions of, and the protections afforded by, the Commodity |
PS-9
| Exchange Act of 1936, as amended, or other applicable statutes and related regulations, that govern trading on regulated futures exchanges. In addition, many electronic trading facilities have only recently initiated trading and do not have significant trading histories. As a result, the trading of contracts on such facilities and the inclusion of such contracts in the indices may be subject to certain risks not presented by most exchange-traded futures contracts, including risks related to the liquidity and price histories of the relevant contracts. | |
|---|---|
| Higher future prices of the index commodities relative to their current prices may adversely affect the value of the index and the value of the securities | The S&P GSCI™ Crude Oil Index–Excess Return is a sub-index of the S&P GSCI™–Excess Return (“S&P GSCI™–ER”). It represents only the crude oil component of the S&P GSCI™–ER. The S&P GSCI™–ER is a world production-weighted index that is designed to reflect the relative significance of each of the underlying commodities in the world economy. The S&P GSCI™–ER, on which the index is based, is composed of futures contracts on physical commodities. Unlike equities, which typically entitle the holder to a continuing stake in a corporation, commodity futures contracts normally specify a certain date for delivery of the underlying physical commodity. As the futures contracts that compose the index approach expiration, they are replaced by contracts that have a later expiration. Thus, for example, a contract purchased and held in January may specify an February expiration. As time passes, the contract expiring in February is replaced by a contract for delivery in March. This process is referred to as “rolling.” If the market for these contracts is (putting aside other considerations) in “backwardation,” where the prices are lower in the distant delivery months than in the nearer delivery months, the sale of the February contract would take place at a price that is higher than the price of the March contract, thereby creating a “roll yield.” However, crude oil and certain other commodities included in the S&P GSCI TM –ER may trade in “contango” markets at any given time. Contango markets are those in which the prices of contracts are higher in the distant delivery months than in the nearer delivery months. The presence of contango and absence of backwardation in the crude oil markets would result in negative “roll yields,” which would adversely affect the value of the index and, accordingly, the value of the securities. |
| Adjustments to the index could adversely affect the value of the securities | The publisher of the index may substitute the commodity contracts constituting the index or make other methodological changes that could change the value of the index. The index publisher may discontinue or suspend calculation or publication of the index at any time. Any of these actions could adversely affect the value of the securities. Where the index is discontinued, the calculation agent will have the sole discretion to substitute a successor index that is comparable to the index and will be permitted to consider indices that are calculated and published by the calculation agent or any of its affiliates. |
| The calculation agent, which is a subsidiary of the issuer, will make determinations with respect to the securities | As calculation agent, MSCG has determined the initial index value and will determine the final index value, and will calculate the amount of cash, if any, you will receive at maturity. Determinations made by MSCG in its capacity as calculation agent, including with respect to the occurrence or non-occurrence of market disruption events or calculation of the index closing value in the event of a market disruption event, may adversely affect the payout to you on the securities. See the sections of this pricing supplement called “Description of Securities—Market Disruption Event” and “––Discontinuance of the Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation.” |
PS-10
| Hedging and trading activity by our subsidiaries could potentially adversely affect the value of the securities | One or more of our subsidiaries have carried out, and will continue to carry out, hedging activities related to the securities (and to other instruments linked to the index), including trading in the commodities futures contracts that underlie the index, and possibly in other instruments related to the index. Some of our subsidiaries also trade the index and other financial instruments related to the index on a regular basis as part of their general broker-dealer, commodity trading, proprietary trading and other businesses. Any of these hedging or trading activities on or prior to the pricing date could have increased the initial index value and, as a result, could have increased the value at which the index must close on the valuation date before you would receive at maturity an amount in cash worth as much as or more than the stated principal amount of the securities. Additionally, such hedging or trading activities during the term of the securities could potentially affect the value of the index on the valuation date and, accordingly, the amount of cash, if any, you will receive at maturity. |
|---|---|
| Although the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the securities are uncertain, each security should be treated as a single financial contract that is an “open transaction” for U.S. federal income tax purposes | Please note that the discussions in this pricing supplement concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the securities supersede the discussions contained in the accompanying prospectus supplement. Subject to the discussion under “United States Federal Taxation” in this pricing supplement, each security should be treated as a single financial contract that is an “open transaction” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) were successful in asserting an alternative treatment for the securities, the timing and character of income on the securities might differ significantly. For example, the IRS could seek to treat a security as a short-term debt obligation. Under such a treatment, the timing and character of income thereon would be significantly affected. Among other things, gain realized by a U.S. Holder upon settlement of a security would be treated as ordinary income. In addition, the security would be treated as issued with original issue discount. In such a case, (1) gain recognized by a U.S. Holder upon sale, exchange or settlement of the security would be treated as ordinary income to the extent of any accrued original issue discount, and (2) accrual method U.S. Holders (and cash method U.S. Holders that elect to apply an accrual method to the securities) may be required to accrue as ordinary income original issue discount over the term of the securities before maturity. However, the amount of accrued original issue discount is unclear because the amount payable at maturity of the securities is not known as of the issue date. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers with respect to the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the securities. On December 7, 2007, the Treasury Department and the IRS released a notice requesting comments on the U.S. federal income tax treatment of “prepaid forward contracts” and similar instruments. The notice focuses in particular on whether to require holders of these instruments to accrue income over the term of their investment. It also asks for comments on a number of related topics, including the character of income or loss with respect to these instruments; whether short-term instruments should be subject to any such accrual regime; the relevance of factors such as the exchange-traded status of the instruments and the nature of the underlying property to which the instruments are linked; the degree, if any, to which income (including any mandated accruals) realized by non-U.S. investors should be subject to withholding tax; whether these instruments are or should be subject to the “constructive ownership” regime, which very generally can operate to recharacterize certain long-term capital gain as ordinary income and impose an interest charge; and appropriate transition rules and effective dates. While it is not clear whether instruments such as the securities would be viewed as similar to the prepaid forward contracts described in the notice, any Treasury regulations or other guidance promulgated after consideration of these issues could materially and adversely affect the tax consequences of an investment in the securities, possibly with retroactive |
PS-11
effect. Both U.S. and Non-U.S. Holders should read carefully the discussion under “United States Federal Taxation” in this pricing supplement and consult their tax advisers regarding all aspects of the U.S. federal tax consequences of an investment in the securities as well as any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or foreign taxing jurisdiction.
PS-12
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES
Terms not defined herein have the meanings given to such terms in the accompanying prospectus supplement. The term “Securities” refers to each $1,000 stated principal amount of our Buffered Jump Securities due March 11, 2011 Based on the Value of the S&P GSCI TM Crude Oil Index – Excess Return (the “Index”). In this pricing supplement, the terms “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Morgan Stanley.
| Aggregate Principal Amount | $12,267,000 |
|---|---|
| Original Issue Date (Settlement Date) | September 13, 2010 |
| Maturity Date | March 11, 2011 , subject to extension if the scheduled Valuation Date is postponed in accordance with the definition thereof. |
| If, due to a Market Disruption Event or otherwise, the Valuation Date is postponed so that it falls less than two Business Days prior to the scheduled Maturity Date, the Maturity Date will be the second Business Day following the Valuation Date as postponed. See “––Valuation Date” below. | |
| Pricing Date | September 3, 2010 |
| Issue Price | 100% ($1,000 per Security) |
| Stated Principal Amount | $1,000 per Security |
| Denominations | $1,000 and integral multiples thereof |
| CUSIP Number | 617482NG5 |
| ISIN | US617482NG54 |
| Interest Rate | None |
| Specified Currency | U.S. dollars |
| Payment at Maturity | At maturity, upon delivery of the Securities to the Trustee, we will pay with respect to the $1,000 Stated Principal Amount of each Security an amount in cash equal to: |
| (i) if the Final Index Value is greater than the Initial Index Value, $1,000 plus the Upside Payment, | |
| (ii) if the Final Index Value is less than or equal to the Initial Index Value but greater than or equal to 90% of the Initial Index Value, the Stated Principal Amount of $1,000, or | |
| (iii) if the Final Index Value is less than 90% of the Initial Index Value, | |
| $1,000 + [$1,000 x (the Index Return + 10%) x the Downside Factor]. | |
| We shall, or shall cause the Calculation Agent to, (i) provide written notice to the Trustee and to The Depository Trust Company, which we refer to as DTC, of the amount of cash to be delivered with respect to the $1,000 Stated Principal Amount of each Security, on or prior to 10:30 a.m. (New York City time) on |
PS-13
the Business Day preceding the Maturity Date, and (ii) deliver the aggregate cash amount due with respect to the Securities to the Trustee for delivery to DTC, as holder of the Securities, on the Maturity Date. We expect such amount of cash will be distributed to investors on the Maturity Date in accordance with the standard rules and procedures of DTC and its direct and indirect participants. See “—Book Entry Note or Certificated Note” below, and see “Forms of Securities—The Depositary” in the accompanying prospectus.
| Upside Payment | $80 per Security |
|---|---|
| Index Return | A fraction, the numerator of which is the Final Index Value minus the Initial Index Value and the denominator of which is the Initial Index Value. |
| Downside Factor | 1.111 |
| Initial Index Value | 468.4250, which is the Index Closing Value on the Pricing Date. |
| If the Initial Index Value as finally published by the Index Publisher, as determined by the Calculation Agent, differs from the Initial Index Value specified in this pricing supplement, we will include the definitive Initial Index Value in an amended pricing supplement. | |
| Final Index Value | The Index Closing Value on the Valuation Date, as determined by the Calculation Agent. |
| Index Closing Value | The Index Closing Value on any Index Business Day will equal the official settlement price of the Index published by the Index Publisher, or any Successor Index (as defined under “—Discontinuance of the Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation”). In certain circumstances, the Index Closing Value will be based on the alternate calculation of the Index described under “—Discontinuance of the Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation.” |
| Reuters and various other third party sources may report the official settlement price of the Index. If any such reported price differs from that as determined by the Index Publisher or its successor, the official settlement price published by the Index Publisher or successor will prevail. | |
| Valuation Date | March 4, 2011; provided that if the Valuation Date is not an Index Business Day, the Valuation Date shall be the next succeeding Index Business Day; provided further that if a Market Disruption Event relating to the Index or one or more commodity contracts underlying the Index (each, an “index contract”) occurs on the Valuation Date, the Index Closing Value for the Valuation Date shall be determined in accordance with the next succeeding paragraph. |
| If a Market Disruption Event relating to the Index or any index contract occurs on the Valuation Date, the Calculation Agent will |
PS-14
calculate the Index Closing Value using as a price (i) for each index contract that did not suffer a Market Disruption Event on the Valuation Date, the official settlement price of such index contract on the Valuation Date and (ii) for each index contract that did suffer a Market Disruption Event on such date, the official settlement price of such index contract on the first succeeding Trading Day on which no Market Disruption Event is existing with respect to such index contract; provided that , if a Market Disruption Event occurs with respect to such index contract on each of the three Trading Days immediately succeeding the Valuation Date, the Calculation Agent will use a price for such index contract equal to the arithmetic mean, as determined by the Calculation Agent on the third Trading Day immediately succeeding the Valuation Date, of the prices of such index contract determined by at least three independent leading dealers, selected by the Calculation Agent, in the underlying market for such index contract, taking into consideration the latest available quote for such index contract and any other information in good faith deemed relevant by such dealers. Quotations of Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated (“MS & Co.”), Morgan Stanley Capital Group Inc. (“MSCG”) or any of their affiliates may be included in the calculation of such mean, but only to the extent that any such bid is the highest of the quotations obtained. In the event prices from at least three dealers are not obtained, the Calculation Agent will make a good faith estimate of the price of the relevant index contract and, using that price, determine the Index Closing Value. In calculating the Index Closing Value in the circumstances described in this paragraph, the Calculation Agent shall use the formula for calculating the Index last in effect prior to the occurrence of a Market Disruption Event.
| Trading Day | A day, as determined by the Calculation Agent, on which trading is generally conducted on the Relevant Exchange(s) for the applicable commodity contracts. |
|---|---|
| Index Business Day | Any day on which the official settlement price of the Index is published by the Index Publisher or its successor. |
| Business Day | Any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, that is neither a legal holiday nor a day on which banking institutions are authorized or required by law or regulation to close in the City of New York. |
| Market Disruption Event | Market Disruption Event means, with respect to the Index or any index contract, any of a Price Source Disruption, Trading Disruption, Disappearance of Commodity Reference Price, Tax Disruption, Material Change in Formula or Material Change in Content, in each case, as determined by the Calculation Agent. |
| Price Source Disruption | Price Source Disruption means a (i) the temporary failure of the Index Publisher to announce or publish the Index Closing Value (or the value of any Successor Index, if applicable) (or the information necessary for determining the Index Closing Value (or the value of any Successor Index, if applicable)) or (ii) the temporary discontinuance or unavailability of the Index. |
PS-15
| Trading Disruption | Trading Disruption means the material suspension of, or material limitation imposed on, trading in any of the index contracts on the Relevant Exchange for such contract. |
|---|---|
| Disappearance of Commodity | |
| Reference Price | Disappearance of Commodity Reference Price means either (i) the failure of trading to commence, or the permanent discontinuance of trading in any of the index contracts on the Relevant Exchange, (ii) the disappearance of, or of trading in, any of the commodities underlying the Index or (iii) the disappearance or permanent discontinuance or unavailability of the Index Closing Value, notwithstanding the availability of the price source or the status of trading in the relevant futures contracts. |
| For purposes of this definition, a discontinuance of publication of the Index shall not be a Disappearance of Commodity Reference Price if MSCG shall have selected a Successor Index in accordance with “—Discontinuance of the Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation.” | |
| Material Change in Formula | Material Change in Formula means the occurrence since the date of this pricing supplement of a material change in the formula for, or the method of calculating, the Index Closing Value. |
| Material Change in Content | Material Change in Content means the occurrence since the date of this pricing supplement of a material change in the content, composition or constitution of the Index. |
| Tax Disruption | With respect to any index contract, Tax Disruption means the imposition of, change in or removal of an excise, severance, sales, use, value-added, transfer, stamp, documentary, recording or similar tax on, or measured by reference to, such index contract (other than a tax on, or measured by reference to overall gross or net income) by any government or taxation authority after the date of this pricing supplement, if the direct effect of such imposition, change or removal is to raise or lower the price of such index contract on any day that would otherwise be the Valuation Date from what it would have been without that imposition, change or removal. |
| Relevant Exchange | Relevant Exchange means the primary exchange or market of trading for any contract or commodity then included in the Index or any Successor Index. |
| Discontinuance of the Index; Alteration of | |
| Method of Calculation | If, following the Original Issue Date, the Index Publisher discontinues publication of the Index and the Index Publisher or another entity (including MSCG or MS & Co.) publishes a successor or substitute index that MSCG, as the Calculation Agent, determines, in its sole discretion, to be comparable to the discontinued Index (such index being referred to herein as a “Successor Index”), then any subsequent Index Value will be determined by reference to the published value of such Successor Index at the regular weekday close of trading on any Index Business Day that the Index Closing Value is to be determined. |
PS-16
| Upon any selection by the Calculation Agent of a Successor Index, the Calculation Agent will cause written notice thereof to be furnished to the Trustee, to Morgan Stanley and to DTC, as holder of the Securities, within three Business Days of such selection. We expect that such notice will be made available to you, as a beneficial owner of the Securities, in accordance with the standard rules and procedures of DTC and its direct and indirect participants. | |
|---|---|
| If, following the Original Issue Date, the Index Publisher ceases to publish the Index and no other entity undertakes to publish a commodity index using the same methods of computation and the same composition of futures contracts as in effect immediately prior to such cessation, then the Index Closing Value will be calculated by the Calculation Agent in accordance with the formula used to calculate the Index and composition of the futures contracts of the Index on the last day on which the Index was published. | |
| If the Index Publisher changes its method of calculating the Index in any material respect that the Calculation Agent determines, in its sole discretion, not to be a Material Change in Formula, the Calculation Agent may make adjustments necessary in order to arrive at a calculation of value comparable to the Index as if such changes or modifications had not been made and calculate any Index Value in accordance with such adjustments. Notwithstanding these alternative arrangements, discontinuance of the publication of the Index may adversely affect the value of the Securities. | |
| Book Entry Note or Certificated Note | Book Entry. The Securities will be issued in the form of one or more fully registered global securities which will be deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC and will be registered in the name of a nominee of DTC. DTC’s nominee will be the only registered holder of the Securities. Your beneficial interest in the Securities will be evidenced solely by entries on the books of the securities intermediary acting on your behalf as a direct or indirect participant in DTC. In this pricing supplement, all references to payments or notices to you will mean payments or notices to DTC, as the registered holder of the Securities, for distribution to participants in accordance with DTC’s procedures. For more information regarding DTC and book entry notes, please read “ Forms of Securities The Depositary” and “Securities Offered on a Global Basis Through the Depositary” in the accompanying prospectus. |
| Senior Note or Subordinated Note | Senior |
| Trustee | The Bank of New York Mellon, a New York banking corporation (as successor trustee to JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.) |
| Agents | JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC (also called “Placement Agents”) |
| Calculation Agent | Morgan Stanley Capital Group Inc. and its successors (“MSCG”) |
PS-17
| All determinations made by the Calculation Agent will be at the sole discretion of the Calculation Agent and will, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive for all purposes and binding on you, the Trustee and us. | |
|---|---|
| All calculations with respect to the Payment at Maturity, if any, will be rounded to the nearest one hundred-thousandth, with five one-millionths rounded upward ( e.g. , .876545 would be rounded to .87655); all dollar amounts related to determination of the amount of cash payable per Security, if any, will be rounded to the nearest ten-thousandth, with five one hundred-thousandths rounded upward ( e.g. , .76545 would be rounded up to .7655); and all dollar amounts paid on the aggregate number of Securities, if any, will be rounded to the nearest cent, with one-half cent rounded upward. | |
| Because the Calculation Agent is our subsidiary, the economic interests of the Calculation Agent and its affiliates may be adverse to your interests as an investor in the Securities, including with respect to certain determinations and judgments that the Calculation Agent must make in determining the Initial Index Value and the Final Index Value. See “—Discontinuance of the Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation.” MSCG is obligated to carry out its duties and functions as Calculation Agent in good faith and using its reasonable judgment. | |
| Alternate Exchange Calculation | |
| in Case of an Event of Default | In case an event of default with respect to the Securities shall have occurred and be continuing, the amount declared due and payable per Security upon any acceleration of the Securities (the “Acceleration Amount”) shall be determined by the Calculation Agent and shall be an amount in cash, if any, equal to the Payment at Maturity, if any, calculated using the Index Closing Value as of the date of such acceleration as the Final Index Value. |
| If the maturity of the Securities is accelerated because of an event of default as described above, we shall, or shall cause the Calculation Agent to, provide written notice to the Trustee at its New York office, on which notice the Trustee may conclusively rely, and to DTC of the Acceleration Amount and the aggregate cash amount due with respect to the Securities as promptly as possible and in no event later than two Business Days after the date of acceleration. | |
| Index Publisher | Standard & Poor’s, a Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., and any successor publisher thereof (“S&P”). |
| The S&P GSCI TM | |
| Crude Oil Index – Excess Return | We have derived all information contained in this pricing supplement regarding the Index, including, without limitation, its make-up, method of calculation and changes in its components, from publicly available information, and we have not participated in the preparation of, or verified, such publicly available information. Such information reflects the policies of, and is |
PS-18
| subject to change by, the S&P. The Index was developed, and is calculated, maintained and published by S&P. |
|---|
| The Index is a sub-index of the S&P GSCI TM -ER. It represents only the crude oil component of the S&P GSCI TM -ER. The value of the Index on any given day is calculated in the same manner as the S&P GSCI TM -ER except that (i) the daily contract reference prices, the contract production weight (“CPW”) and roll weights used in performing such calculations are limited to the crude oil futures contracts included in the Index; and (ii) the Index has a separate normalizing constant. |
| The S&P GSCI TM -ER |
| The S&P GSCI TM -ER is a world production-weighted index that is designed to reflect the relative significance of each of the underlying commodities in the world economy. The S&P GSCI TM -ER represents the return of a portfolio of commodity futures contracts included in the S&P GSCI TM , the composition of which, on any given day, reflects the CPW and “roll weights” of the contracts included in the S&P GSCI TM (discussed below). |
| Value of the S&P GSCI TM -ER |
| The value of the S&P GSCI TM -ER on any given day is equal to the product of (i) the value of the S&P GSCI TM -ER on the immediately preceding day multiplied by (ii) one plus the contract daily return on the day on which the calculation is made. The value of the S&P GSCI TM -ER is indexed to a normalized value of 100 on January 2, 1970. |
| Contract Daily Return |
| The contract daily return on any given day is equal to the sum, for each of the commodities included in the S&P GSCI TM , of the applicable daily contract reference price on the relevant contract multiplied by the appropriate CPW and the appropriate “roll weight,” divided by the total dollar weight of the S&P GSCI TM on the preceding day, minus one. |
| The total dollar weight of the S&P GSCI TM is the sum of the dollar weight of each of the underlying commodities. The dollar weight of each such commodity on any given day is equal to (i) the daily contract reference price, (ii) multiplied by the appropriate CPWs and, (iii) during a roll period, the appropriate “roll weights” (discussed below). |
| The daily contract reference price used in calculating the dollar weight of each commodity on any given day is the most recent daily contract reference price made available by the relevant trading facility, except that the daily contract reference price for the most recent prior day will be used if the exchange is closed or otherwise fails to publish a daily contract reference price on that day. In addition, if the trading facility fails to make a daily contract reference price available or publishes a daily contract reference price that, in the reasonable judgment of S&P, reflects |
PS-19
| manifest error, the relevant calculation will be delayed until the price is made available or corrected; provided that, if the price is not made available or corrected by 4:00 P.M. New York City time, S&P may, if it deems such action to be appropriate under the circumstances, determine the appropriate daily contract reference price for the applicable futures contract in its reasonable judgment for purposes of the relevant S&P GSCI TM calculation. |
|---|
| The “roll weight” of each commodity reflects the fact that the positions in contracts must be liquidated or rolled forward into more distant contract expirations as they approach expiration. Since the S&P GSCI TM is designed to replicate the performance of actual investments in the underlying contracts, the rolling process incorporated in the S&P GSCI TM also takes place over a period of days at the beginning of each month (referred to as the “roll period”). On each day of the roll period, the “roll weights” of the first nearby contract expirations on a particular commodity and the more distant contract expiration into which it is rolled are adjusted, so that the hypothetical position in the contract on the commodity that is included in the S&P GSCI TM is gradually shifted from the first nearby contract expiration to the more distant contract expiration. |
| If any of the following conditions exists on any day during a roll period, the portion of the roll that would have taken place on that day is deferred until the next day on which such conditions do not exist: (i) no daily contract reference price is available for a given contract expiration; (ii) any such price represents the maximum or minimum price for such contract month, based on exchange price limits; (iii) the daily contract reference price published by the relevant trading facility reflects manifest error, or such price is not published by 4:00 P.M., New York City time (in such event, S&P may determine a daily contract reference price and complete the relevant portion of the roll based on such price, but must revise the portion of the roll if the trading facility publishes a price before the opening of trading on the next day); or (iv) trading in the relevant contract terminates prior to its scheduled closing time. |
| If any of these conditions exist throughout the roll period, the roll will be effected in its entirety on the next day on which such conditions no longer exist. |
| The S&P GSCI TM |
| The S&P GSCI TM is an index on a production-weighted basket of principal non-financial commodities ( i.e. , physical commodities) that satisfy specified criteria. The S&P GSCI TM is designed to be a measure of the performance over time of the markets for these commodities. The only commodities represented in the S&P GSCI TM are those physical commodities on which active and liquid contracts are traded on trading facilities in major industrialized countries. The commodities included in the S&P GSCI TM are weighted, on a production basis, to reflect the relative significance (in the view of S&P, in consultation with the Index Advisory Panel, as described below) of such commodities to the |
PS-20
world economy. The fluctuations in the value of the S&P GSCI TM are intended generally to correlate with changes in the prices of such physical commodities in global markets. The S&P GSCI TM has been normalized such that its hypothetical level on January 2, 1970 was 100. Futures contracts on the S&P GSCI TM , and options on such futures contracts, are currently listed for trading on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. Set forth below is a summary of the composition of and the methodology currently used to calculate the S&P GSCI TM . The methodology for determining the composition and weighting of the S&P GSCI TM and for calculating its value is subject to modification in a manner consistent with the purposes of the S&P GSCI TM , as described below. S&P makes the official calculations of the S&P GSCI TM . The Index Advisory Panel established by S&P to assist it in connection with the operation of the S&P GSCI TM generally meets once each year to discuss the composition of the S&P GSCI TM . The Index Advisory Panel may, if necessary or practicable, meet at other times during the year as issues arise that warrant its consideration. Composition of the S&P GSCI TM In order to be included in the S&P GSCI TM a contract must satisfy the following eligibility criteria:
· The contract must be in respect of a physical commodity and not a financial commodity.
· The contract must (a) have a specified expiration or term or provide in some other manner for delivery or settlement at a specified time, or within a specified period, in the future; and (b) at any given point in time, be available for trading at least five months prior to its expiration or such other date or time period specified for delivery or settlement; and (c) be traded on a trading facility which allows market participants to execute spread transactions, through a single order entry, between the pairs of contract expirations included in the S&P GSCI TM that, at any given point in time, will be involved in rolls to be effected pursuant to the S&P GSCI TM .
· The commodity must be the subject of a contract that is (a) denominated in U.S. dollars and (b) traded on or through an exchange, facility or other platform (referred to as a trading facility) that has its principal place of business or operations in a country which is a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and that meets other criteria relating to the availability of market price quotations and trading volume information, acceptance of bids and offers from multiple participants or price providers and accessibility by a sufficiently broad range of participants.
PS-21
· The price of the relevant contract that is used as a reference or benchmark by market participants (referred to as the daily contract reference price) generally must have been available on a continuous basis for at least two years prior to the proposed date of inclusion in the S&P GSCI TM .
· At and after the time a contract is included in the S&P GSCI TM , the daily contract reference price for such contract must be published between 10:00 A.M. and 4:00 P.M., New York City time, on each business day relating to such contract by the trading facility on or through which it is traded.
· For a contract to be eligible for inclusion in the S&P GSCI TM , volume data with respect to such contract must be available for at least the three months immediately preceding the date on which the determination is made.
· Contracts must also satisfy volume trading requirements and certain percentage dollar weight requirements to be eligible for inclusion in the S&P GSCI TM .
| The contracts currently included in the S&P GSCI TM are all futures contracts traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange, Inc., the International Petroleum Exchange, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, the Chicago Board of Trade, the Coffee, Sugar & Cocoa Exchange, Inc., the New York Cotton Exchange, the Kansas City Board of Trade, the Commodities Exchange, Inc. and the London Metal Exchange. |
|---|
| Calculation of the S&P GSCI TM |
| The value of the S&P GSCI TM on any given day is equal to the total dollar weight of the S&P GSCI TM divided by a normalizing constant that assures the continuity of the S&P GSCI TM over time. |
| Contract Expirations |
| Because the S&P GSCI TM is composed of actively traded contracts with scheduled expirations, it can only be calculated by reference to the prices of contracts for specified expiration, delivery or settlement periods, referred to as “contract expirations.” The contract expirations included in the S&P GSCI TM for each commodity during a given year are designated by S&P, in consultation with the Index Advisory Panel, provided that each such contract must be an “active contract.” An “active contract” for this purpose is a liquid, actively traded contract expiration, as defined or identified by the relevant trading facility or, if no such definition or identification is provided by the relevant trading facility, as defined by standard custom and practice in the industry. |
| If a trading facility deletes one or more contract expirations, the S&P GSCI TM will be calculated during the remainder of the year in which such deletion occurs on the basis of the remaining |
PS-22
contract expirations designated by S&P. If a trading facility ceases trading in all contract expirations relating to a particular contract, S&P may designate a replacement contract on the commodity. The replacement contract must satisfy the eligibility criteria for inclusion in the S&P GSCI TM . To the extent practicable, the replacement will be effected during the next monthly review of the composition of the S&P GSCI TM .
| License Agreement between S&P | |
|---|---|
| and Morgan Stanley | S&P and Morgan Stanley have entered into a non-exclusive license agreement providing for the license to Morgan Stanley, and certain of its affiliated or subsidiary companies, in exchange for a fee, of the right to use the Index, which is owned and published by S&P, in connection with securities, including the Securities. |
| The license agreement between S&P and Morgan Stanley provides that the following language must be set forth in this pricing supplement: | |
| The Securities are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (including its affiliates) (S&P, with its affiliates, are referred to as the “Corporations”). The Corporations have not passed on the legality or suitability of, or the accuracy or adequacy of descriptions and disclosures relating to, the Securities. The Corporations make no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the holders of the Securities or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the Securities particularly, or the ability of the Index to track general agricultural commodity market performance. The Corporations’ only relationship to us (the “Licensee”) is in the licensing of the Index and S&P ® trademarks or service marks and certain trade names of the Corporations and the use of the Index which is determined, composed and calculated by S&P without regard to the Licensee or the Securities. S&P has no obligation to take the needs of the Licensee or the owners of the Securities into consideration in determining, composing or calculating the Index. The Corporations are not responsible for and have not participated in the determination of the timing, prices, or quantities of the Securities to be issued or in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the Securities are to be converted into cash. The Corporations have no liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the Securities. | |
| THE CORPORATIONS DO NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY AND/OR UNINTERRUPTED CALCULATION OF THE INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. THE CORPORATIONS MAKE NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY THE LICENSEE, OWNERS OF THE SECU RI TIES, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY FROM THE USE OF THE INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. THE CORPORATIONS MAKE NO |
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| EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE WITH RESPECT TO THE INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. WITHOUT LIMITING ANY OF THE FOREGOING, IN NO EVENT SHALL THE CORPORATIONS HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR LOST PROFITS OR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, EVEN IF NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. | |
|---|---|
| “Standard & Poor’s ® ,” “S&P ® ” and “S&P GSCI TM ” are trademarks of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. and have been licensed for use by Morgan Stanley. The Securities have not been passed on by the Corporations as to their legality or suitability. The Securities are not issued, endorsed, sold or promoted by the Corporations. THE CORPORATIONS MAKE NO WARRANTIES AND BEAR NO LIABILITY WITH RESPECT TO THE SECURITIES. | |
| Historical Information | The following table sets forth the published high and low Index Values, as well as end-of-quarter Index Values, of the Index for each quarter in the period from January 1, 2005 through September 3, 2010. The related graph sets forth the daily closing values for the Index for the same period. The Index Closing Value on September 3, 2010 was 468.4250. We obtained the information in the table below from Bloomberg Financial Markets, without independent verification. The historical values of the Index should not be taken as an indication of future performance, and no assurance can be given as to the level of the Index on the Valuation Date. |
| S&P GSCI TM Crude Oil Index – Excess Return | High | Low | Period End |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | |||
| First Quarter | 1,156.8070 | 874.1246 | 1,115.3340 |
| Second Quarter | 1,152.9821 | 924.3841 | 1,049.7000 |
| Third Quarter | 1,256.3080 | 1,044.6010 | 1,178.8700 |
| Fourth Quarter | 1,165.1660 | 995.3702 | 1,058.4790 |
| 2006 | |||
| First Quarter | 1,175.3080 | 1,000.5370 | 1,091.9620 |
| Second Quarter | 1,207.3430 | 1,078.6040 | 1,150.8330 |
| Third Quarter | 1,204.5450 | 895.0938 | 929.9810 |
| Fourth Quarter | 902.1895 | 816.4962 | 837.8484 |
| 2007 | |||
| First Quarter | 853.0640 | 697.7788 | 850.9969 |
| Second Quarter | 851.9013 | 760.1390 | 841.7037 |
| Third Quarter | 1,000.4700 | 823.0434 | 985.7430 |
| Fourth Quarter | 1,207.2360 | 953.7872 | 1,180.7791 |
| 2008 | |||
| First Quarter | 1,362.4330 | 1,074.8590 | 1,267.7111 |
| Second Quarter | 1,754.7930 | 1,260.2230 | 1,752.1650 |
| Third Quarter | 1,818.3719 | 1,132.2070 | 1,251.8730 |
| Fourth Quarter | 1,225.6260 | 410.5384 | 517.9636 |
| 2009 | |||
| First Quarter | 566.8565 | 320.5859 | 412.6381 |
| Second Quarter | 561.7059 | 381.8113 | 534.2627 |
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| S&P GSCI TM Crude Oil Index – Excess Return | High | Low | Period End |
|---|---|---|---|
| Third Quarter | 544.6685 | 454.3173 | 513.8180 |
| Fourth Quarter | 588.4248 | 501.7565 | 554.1245 |
| 2010 | |||
| First Quarter | 580.7973 | 494.2745 | 575.7510 |
| Second Quarter | 596.9223 | 444.4116 | 480.7402 |
| Third Quarter (through September 3, 2010) | 521.3389 | 449.7758 | 468.4250 |
| ● | |
|---|---|
| Use of Proceeds and Hedging | The net proceeds we receive from the sale of the Securities will be used for general corporate purposes and, in part, in connection with hedging our obligations under the Securities through one or more of our subsidiaries. The original issue price of the Securities includes the Agent’s Commissions (as shown on the cover page of this pricing supplement) paid with respect to the Securities and the cost of hedging our obligations under the Securities. The cost of hedging includes the projected profit that our subsidiaries expect to realize in consideration for assuming the risks inherent in managing the hedging transactions. Since hedging our obligations entails risk and may be influenced by market forces beyond our or our subsidiaries’ control, such hedging may result in a profit that is more or less than initially projected, or could result in a loss. See also “Use of Proceeds” in the accompanying prospectus. |
| On or prior to the Pricing Date, we, through our subsidiaries or others, hedged our anticipated exposure in connection with the Securities by taking positions in swaps and futures contracts on the commodity contracts underlying the Index. Such purchase activity could have increased the value of the Index and, accordingly, could have increased the Initial Index Value, and, therefore, the value at which the Index must close before you would receive at maturity an amount in U.S. dollars worth as much as or more than the stated principal amount of the Securities. In addition, through our subsidiaries, we are likely to modify our hedge position throughout the life of the Securities by |
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| purchasing and selling swaps and futures contracts on the commodities underlying the Index or positions in any other available securities or instruments that we may wish to use in connection with such hedging activities. We cannot give any assurance that our hedging activities will not affect the value of the Index and, therefore, adversely affect the value of the Securities or the payment you will receive at maturity. | |
|---|---|
| Supplemental Information Concerning | |
| Plan of Distribution | Under the terms and subject to the conditions contained in the U.S. distribution agreement referred to in the prospectus supplement under “Plan of Distribution,” the Agents, acting as principals for their own accounts, have agreed to purchase, and we have agreed to sell, the aggregate principal amount of Securities set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement. The Agents have agreed to act as placement agents for the Securities and will receive a fee from us that will not exceed $5.00 per Security. The Agents propose initially to offer the Securities directly to the public at the public offering price set forth on the cover page of this pricing supplement. After the initial offering of the Securities, the Agents may vary the offering price and other selling terms from time to time. |
| We expect to deliver the Securities against payment therefor in New York, New York on September 13, 2010, which will be the fifth scheduled Business Day following the date of this pricing supplement and of the pricing of the Securities. Under Rule 15c6-1 of the Exchange Act, trades in the secondary market generally are required to settle in three Business Days, unless the parties to any such trade expressly agree otherwise. Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade Securities more than three Business Days prior to the Original Issue Date will be required to specify alternative settlement arrangements to prevent a failed settlement. | |
| In order to facilitate the offering of the Securities, the Agents may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the Securities. Specifically, the Agents may sell more Securities than they are obligated to purchase in connection with the offering, creating a naked short position in the Securities for their own account. The Agents must close out any naked short position by purchasing the Securities in the open market after the offering. A naked short position in the Securities is more likely to be created if the Agents are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the Securities in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering. As an additional means of facilitating the offering, the Agents may bid for, and purchase, the Securities or the commodities contracts underlying the Index in the open market to stabilize the price of the Securities. Any of these activities may raise or maintain the market price of the Securities above independent market prices or prevent or retard a decline in the market price of the Securities. The Agents are not required to engage in these activities, and may end any of these activities at any time. |
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| General |
|---|
| No action has been or will be taken by us, the Agents or any dealer that would permit a public offering of the Securities or possession or distribution of this pricing supplement or the accompanying prospectus supplement or prospectus in any jurisdiction, other than the United States, where action for that purpose is required. No offers, sales or deliveries of the Securities, or distribution of this pricing supplement or the accompanying prospectus supplement or prospectus or any other offering material relating to the Securities, may be made in or from any jurisdiction except in circumstances which will result in compliance with any applicable laws and regulations and will not impose any obligations on us, the Agents or any dealer. |
| The Agents have each represented and agreed, and each dealer through which we may offer the Securities has represented and agreed, that it (i) will comply with all applicable laws and regulations in force in each non-U.S. jurisdiction in which it purchases, offers, sells or delivers the Securities or possesses or distributes this pricing supplement and the accompanying prospectus supplement and prospectus and (ii) will obtain any consent, approval or permission required by it for the purchase, offer or sale by it of the Securities under the laws and regulations in force in each non-U.S. jurisdiction to which it is subject or in which it makes purchases, offers or sales of the Securities. We shall not have responsibility for the Agents’ or any dealer’s compliance with the applicable laws and regulations or obtaining any required consent, approval or permission. |
| Brazil |
| The Securities have not been and will not be registered with the Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (The Brazilian Securities Commission). The Securities may not be offered or sold in the Federative Republic of Brazil except in circumstances which do not constitute a public offering or distribution under Brazilian laws and regulations. |
| Chile |
| The Securities have not been registered with the Superintendencia de Valores y Seguros in Chile and may not be offered or sold publicly in Chile. No offer, sales or deliveries of the Securities or distribution of this pricing supplement or the accompanying prospectus supplement or prospectus, may be made in or from Chile except in circumstances which will result in compliance with any applicable Chilean laws and regulations. |
| Hong Kong |
| No action has been taken to permit an offering of the Securities to the public in Hong Kong as the Securities have not been authorized by the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong and, accordingly, no advertisement, invitation or document relating to the Securities, whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere, |
PS-27
| shall be issued, circulated or distributed which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong other than (i) with respect to the Securities which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to professional investors within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571) of Hong Kong (“SFO”) and any rules made thereunder or (ii) in circumstances that do not constitute an invitation to the public for the purposes of the SFO. |
|---|
| Mexico |
| The Securities have not been registered with the National Registry of Securities maintained by the Mexican National Banking and Securities Commission and may not be offered or sold publicly in Mexico. This pricing supplement and the accompanying prospectus supplement and prospectus may not be publicly distributed in Mexico. |
| Singapore |
| Each Agent and each dealer represents and agrees that it will not offer or sell the Securities nor make the Securities the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, nor will it circulate or distribute this pricing supplement or the accompanying prospectus supplement or prospectus or any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the Securities, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than: |
| (a) an institutional investor (as defined in section 4A of the Securities and Futures Act (Chapter 289 of Singapore (the “SFA”)); | |
|---|---|
| (b) an accredited investor (as defined in section 4A of the SFA), and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA; | |
| (c) a person who acquires the Securities for an aggregate consideration of not less than Singapore dollars Two Hundred Thousand (S$200,000) (or its equivalent in a foreign currency) for each transaction, whether such amount is paid for in cash, by exchange of shares or other assets, unless otherwise permitted by law; or | |
| (d) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA. | |
| Benefit Plan Investor Considerations | Each fiduciary of a pension, profit-sharing or other employee benefit plan subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”) (a “Plan”), should consider the fiduciary standards of ERISA in the context of the Plan’s particular circumstances before authorizing an investment in these Securities. Accordingly, among other factors, the fiduciary should consider whether the investment would satisfy the prudence and |
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| diversification requirements of ERISA and would be consistent with the documents and instruments governing the Plan. |
|---|
| In addition, we and certain of our subsidiaries and affiliates, including MS & Co., may each be considered a “party in interest” within the meaning of ERISA or a “disqualified person” within the meaning of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), with respect to many Plans, as well as many individual retirement accounts and Keogh plans (also “Plans”). ERISA Section 406 and Code Section 4975 generally prohibit transactions between Plans and parties in interest or disqualified persons. Prohibited transactions within the meaning of ERISA or the Code would likely arise, for example, if these Securities are acquired by or with the assets of a Plan with respect to which MS & Co. or any of its affiliates is a service provider or other party in interest, unless the Securities are acquired pursuant to an exemption from the “prohibited transaction” rules. A violation of these “prohibited transaction” rules could result in an excise tax or other liabilities under ERISA and/or Section 4975 of the Code for those persons, unless exemptive relief is available under an applicable statutory or administrative exemption. |
| The U.S. Department of Labor has issued five prohibited transaction class exemptions (“PTCEs”) that may provide exemptive relief for direct or indirect prohibited transactions resulting from the purchase or holding of these Securities. Those class exemptions are PTCE 96-23 (for certain transactions determined by in-house asset managers), PTCE 95-60 (for certain transactions involving insurance company general accounts), PTCE 91-38 (for certain transactions involving bank collective investment funds), PTCE 90-1 (for certain transactions involving insurance company separate accounts) and PTCE 84-14 (for certain transactions determined by independent qualified professional asset managers). In addition, ERISA Section 408(b)(17) and Section 4975(d)(20) of the Code may provide an exemption for the purchase and sale of securities and the related lending transactions, provided that neither the issuer of the securities nor any of its affiliates has or exercises any discretionary authority or control or renders any investment advice with respect to the assets of any Plan involved in the transaction, and provided further that the Plan pays no more, and receives no less, than adequate consideration in connection with the transaction (the so-called “service provider” exemption). There can be no assurance that any of these class or statutory exemptions will be available with respect to transactions involving these Securities. |
| Because we may be considered a party in interest with respect to many Plans, these Securities may not be purchased, held or disposed of by any Plan, any entity whose underlying assets include “plan assets” by reason of any Plan’s investment in the entity (a “Plan Asset Entity”) or any person investing “plan assets” of any Plan, unless such purchase, holding or disposition is eligible for exemptive relief, including relief available under PTCEs 96-23, 95-60, 91-38, 90-1, 84-14 or the service provider |
PS-29
| exemption or such purchase, holding or disposition is otherwise not prohibited. Any purchaser, including any fiduciary purchasing on behalf of a Plan, transferee or holder of these Securities will be deemed to have represented, in its corporate and its fiduciary capacity, by its purchase and holding thereof that either (a) it is not a Plan or a Plan Asset Entity, is not purchasing such Securities on behalf of or with “plan assets” of any Plan, or with any assets of a governmental, non-U.S. or church plan that is subject to any federal, state, local or non-U.S. law that is substantially similar to the provisions of Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code (“Similar Law”) or (b) its purchase, holding and disposition are eligible for exemptive relief or such purchase, holding or disposition are not prohibited by ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code or any Similar Law. | |
|---|---|
| Due to the complexity of these rules and the penalties that may be imposed upon persons involved in non-exempt prohibited transactions, it is particularly important that fiduciaries or other persons considering purchasing these Securities on behalf of or with “plan assets” of any Plan consult with their counsel regarding the availability of exemptive relief. | |
| Each purchaser and holder of these Securities has exclusive responsibility for ensuring that its purchase, holding and disposition of the Securities do not violate the prohibited transaction rules of ERISA or the Code or any Similar Law. The sale of any of these Securities to any Plan or plan subject to Similar Law is in no respect a representation by us or any of our affiliates or representatives that such an investment meets all relevant legal requirements with respect to investments by Plans generally or any particular Plan, or that such an investment is appropriate for Plans generally or any particular Plan. | |
| United States Federal Taxation | Prospective investors should note that the discussion under the section called “United States Federal Taxation” in the accompanying prospectus supplement does not apply to the Securities issued under this pricing supplement and is superseded by the following discussion. |
| The following summary is a general discussion of the principal U.S. federal tax consequences of ownership and disposition of the Securities. This discussion applies only to initial investors in the Securities who: | |
| · purchase the Securities at their “issue price”; and · will hold the Securities as capital assets within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). This discussion does not describe all of the tax consequences that may be relevant to a holder in light of the holder’s particular circumstances or to holders subject to special rules, such as: · certain financial institutions; · insurance companies; |
PS-30
| · certain dealers and traders in securities, commodities or foreign currencies; · investors holding the Securities as part of a hedging transaction, “straddle,” conversion transaction or integrated transaction; · U.S. Holders, as defined below, whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar; · partnerships or other entities classified as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes; · regulated investment companies; · real estate investment trusts; · tax-exempt entities, including an “individual retirement account” or “Roth IRA” as defined in Section 408 or 408A of the Code, respectively; or · persons subject to the alternative minimum tax. |
|---|
| As stated above, this discussion does not describe all of the tax consequences that may be relevant to a holder in light of the holder’s particular circumstances. As the law applicable to the U.S. federal income taxation of instruments such as the Securities is technical and complex, the discussion below necessarily represents only a general summary. Moreover, the effect of any applicable state, local or foreign tax laws is not discussed. This discussion is based on the Code, administrative pronouncements, judicial decisions and final, temporary and proposed Treasury regulations, all as of the date hereof, changes to any of which subsequent to the date of this pricing supplement may affect the tax consequences described herein. Persons considering the purchase of the Securities should consult their tax advisers with regard to the application of the U.S. federal income tax laws to their particular situations as well as any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or foreign taxing jurisdiction. General Under current law, each Security should be treated as a single financial contract that is an “open transaction” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Due to the absence of statutory, judicial or administrative authorities that directly address the treatment of the Securities or instruments that are similar to the Securities for U.S. federal income tax purposes, no assurance can be given that the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) or the courts will agree with the tax treatment described herein. Accordingly, you should consult your tax advisers regarding all aspects of the U.S. federal tax consequences of an investment in the Securities (including possible alternative treatments of the Securities) and with respect to any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or foreign taxing jurisdiction. Unless otherwise stated, the following discussion is based on the treatment of each Security as an open transaction. |
PS-31
Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders This section applies to you only if you are a U.S. Holder. As used herein , the term “U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of a Security that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes: · a citizen or resident of the United States; · a corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any political subdivision thereof; or · an estate or trust the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source. The term “U.S. Holder” also includes certain former citizens and residents of the United States. Tax Treatment of the Securities Assuming the characterization of the Securities as set forth above is respected, the following U.S. federal income tax consequences should result. Tax Treatment Prior to Maturity. A U.S. Holder should not be required to recognize taxable income over the term of the Securities prior to maturity, other than pursuant to a sale or exchange as described below. Tax Basis . A U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the Securities should equal the amount paid by the U.S. Holder to acquire the Securities. Sale, Exchange or Settlement of the Securities. Upon a sale or exchange of the Securities, or upon settlement of the Securities at maturity, a U.S. Holder should recognize short-term capital gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized on the sale, exchange or settlement and the U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the Securities sold, exchanged or settled. Possible Alternative Tax Treatments of an Investment in the Securities Due to the absence of authorities that directly address the proper tax treatment of the Securities, no assurance can be given that the IRS will accept, or that a court will uphold, the treatment described above. In particular, the IRS could seek to treat a Security as a short-term debt obligation. Under such a treatment, the timing and character of income thereon would be significantly affected. Among other things, gain realized by a U.S. Holder upon settlement of a Security would be treated as ordinary income. In addition, the Security would be treated as issued with original issue discount. In such a case, (1) gain recognized by a U.S. Holder upon sale or exchange of the Security would be treated as ordinary income to the extent of any accrued original issue discount, and (2) accrual method U.S. Holders (and cash method U.S. Holders that elect to apply an accrual method to the
PS-32
Securities) may be required to accrue as ordinary income original issue discount over the term of the Securities before maturity. However, the amount of accrued original issue discount is unclear because the amount payable at maturity of the Securities is not known as of the issue date. The risk that buffered securities would be recharacterized, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as debt instruments giving rise to ordinary income, rather than as an open transaction, is higher than with other commodity-linked securities that do not provide for the return of principal. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers with respect to the U.S. federal income tax treatment of the Securities. Even if the Securities are not treated as short-term debt obligations, other alternative federal income tax characterizations of the Securities are also possible, which if applied could also affect the timing and character of the income or loss with respect to the Securities . On December 7, 2007, the Treasury Department and the IRS released a notice requesting comments on the U.S. federal income tax treatment of “prepaid forward contracts” and similar instruments. The notice focuses in particular on whether to require holders of these instruments to accrue income over the term of their investment. It also asks for comments on a number of related topics, including the character of income or loss with respect to these instruments; whether short-term instruments should be subject to any such accrual regime; the relevance of factors such as the exchange-traded status of the instruments and the nature of the underlying property to which the instruments are linked; whether these instruments are or should be subject to the “constructive ownership” regime, which very generally can operate to recharacterize certain long-term capital gain as ordinary income and impose an interest charge; and appropriate transition rules and effective dates. While it is not clear whether instruments such as the Securities would be viewed as similar to the prepaid forward contracts described in the notice, any Treasury regulations or other guidance promulgated after consideration of these issues could materially and adversely affect the tax consequences of an investment in the Securities, possibly with retroactive effect. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the Securities, including possible alternative treatments and the issues presented by this notice. Backup Withholding and Information Reporting Backup withholding may apply in respect of the amounts paid to a U.S. Holder, unless such U.S. Holder provides proof of an applicable exemption. The amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules are not an additional tax and may be refunded, or credited against the U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided that the required information is furnished to the IRS. In addition, information returns will be filed with the IRS in connection with payments on the Securities and the proceeds from a sale, exchange or other disposition of the Securities, unless the
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U.S. Holder provides proof of an applicable exemption from the information reporting rules. Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders This section applies to you only if you are a Non-U.S. Holder. As used herein, the term “Non-U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of a Security that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes: · an individual who is classified as a nonresident alien; · a foreign corporation; or · a foreign trust or estate. The term “Non-U.S. Holder” does not include any of the following holders: · a holder who is an individual present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of disposition and who is not otherwise a resident of the United States for U.S. federal income tax purposes; · certain former citizens or residents of the United States; or · a holder for whom income or gain in respect of the Securities is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States. Such holders should consult their tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in Securities. Tax Treatment upon Sale, Exchange or Settlement of the Securities In general. Assuming the treatment of the Securities as set forth above is respected, a Non-U.S. Holder of the Securities will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax in respect of amounts paid to the Non-U.S. Holder. If all or any portion of a Security were recharacterized as a debt instrument, any payment made to a Non-U.S. Holder with respect to the Securities would not be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax, provided that: · the Non-U.S. Holder does not own, directly or by attribution, ten percent or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of our stock entitled to vote; · the Non-U.S. Holder is not a controlled foreign corporation related, directly or indirectly, to us through stock ownership; · the Non-U.S. Holder is not a bank receiving interest under Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code, and · the certification requirement described below has been fulfilled with respect to the beneficial owner.
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Certification Requirement. The certification requirement referred to in the preceding paragraph will be fulfilled if the beneficial owner of a Security (or a financial institution holding the Securities on behalf of the beneficial owner) furnishes to us an IRS Form W-8BEN, on which the beneficial owner certifies under penalties of perjury that it is not a U.S. person. On December 7, 2007, the Treasury Department and the IRS released a notice requesting comments on the U.S. federal income tax treatment of “prepaid forward contracts” and similar instruments. While it is not clear whether instruments such as the Securities would be viewed as similar to the prepaid forward contracts described in the notice , it is possible that any Treasury regulations or other guidance promulgated after consideration of these issues might affect the withholding tax consequences of an investment in the Securities, possibly with retroactive effect. Non-U.S. Holders should note that we currently do not intend to withhold on any payments made with respect to the Securities to Non-U.S. Holders (subject to compliance by such holders with certification necessary to establish an exemption from backup withholding). However, in the event of a change of law or any formal or informal guidance by the IRS, Treasury or Congress, we may decide to withhold on payments made with respect to the Securities to Non-U.S. Holders, and we will not be required to pay any additional amounts with respect to amounts withheld. If you are a Non-U.S. Holder, you should consult your tax adviser regarding the U.S. federal withholding and income tax consequences of an investment in the Securities, including possible alternative treatments and the issues presented by the notice. U.S. Federal Estate Tax Individual Non-U.S. Holders and entities the property of which is potentially includible in such an individual’s gross estate for U.S. federal estate tax purposes (for example, a trust funded by such an individual and with respect to which the individual has retained certain interests or powers), should note that, absent an applicable treaty benefit, the Securities are likely to be treated as U.S. situs property subject to U.S. federal estate tax. Prospective investors that are non-U.S. individuals, or are entities of the type described above, should consult their tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal estate tax consequences of an investment in the Securities. Backup Withholding and Information Reporting Information returns may be filed with the IRS in connection with the payment on the Securities at maturity as well as in connection with the proceeds from a sale, exchange or other disposition. A Non-U.S. Holder may be subject to backup withholding in respect of amounts paid to the Non-U.S. Holder, unless such Non-U.S. Holder complies with certification procedures to establish that it is not a U.S. person for U.S. federal income tax purposes or otherwise establishes an exemption. Compliance with the certification procedures described above under “ ― Tax Treatment upon Sale, Exchange or Settlement of the Securities ―
PS-35
Certification Requirement” will satisfy the certification requirements necessary to avoid the backup withholding as well. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a Non-U.S. Holder will be allowed as a credit against the Non-U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle the Non-U.S. Holder to a refund, provided that the required information is furnished to the IRS.
PS-36