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LODE RESOURCES LTD — Regulatory Filings 2021
Jun 29, 2021
65220_rns_2021-06-29_8143f110-022e-4141-8406-f22a5c3c506f.pdf
Regulatory Filings
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Lode Resources Ltd
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ACN 637 512 415
SUPPLEMENTARY PROSPECTUS
1. IMPORTANT NOTICE
This supplementary prospectus ( Supplementary Prospectus ) contains particulars of changes to, and supplements, the prospectus dated 13 April 2021 ( Prospectus ) issued by Lode Resources Ltd ACN 637 512 415 ( Lode or Company ) in respect of the offer of between 25,000,000 and 37,500,000 fully paid ordinary shares of the Company ( Shares ) at $0.20 per Share to raise between $5,000,000 and $7,500,000.
The Supplementary Prospectus is dated 6 May 2021 and was lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission ( ASIC ) on that date. Neither ASIC nor the Australian Securities Exchange ( ASX ) take any responsibility as to the contents of the Supplementary Prospectus.
The Supplementary Prospectus must be read together with the Prospectus. To the extent of any inconsistency between the Supplementary Prospectus and the Prospectus, the provisions of the Supplementary Prospectus will prevail. Unless otherwise indicated, terms defined and used in the Prospectus have the same meaning in the Supplementary Prospectus.
The Company has issued both a printed and electronic version of the Supplementary Prospectus and the Prospectus. Electronic versions of both may be accessed at www.loderesources.com.
The Supplementary Prospectus and the Prospectus are important documents that should be read together, in their entirety. If you have any questions about the Shares being offered under the Prospectus or any other matter, you should consult your professional advisors.
2. NO INVESTOR ACTION REQUIRED
As the content of this Supplementary Prospectus is not considered by the Company to be materially adverse to investors, no action needs to be taken by investors who have already applied for Shares under the Prospectus to the date of this Supplementary Prospectus.
3. AMENDMENT TO THE PROSPECTUS
3.1 Referenced to "deposit" or "deposits"
The following references to "deposit" and "deposits" in the Prospectus are replaced with "occurrence" or "occurrences" respectively:
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(a) Page 9 - "Fender Copper: This project has four known copper deposits of which the Trough Gully";
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(b) Page 35 - "3 Fender Copper – VMS style copper deposit – drill ready";
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(c) Page 37 - "Lode’s exploration licences contain mineral deposits exhibiting several styles of mineralisation";
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(d) Page 37 - "alluvial gold deposits";
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(e) Page 40 - "Project (EL8933) contains several small, but high grade, silver-lead-zinc-gold deposits hosted by..........";
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(f) Page 43 - "Uralla contains several known hydrothermal gold deposits that are associated with regional structures........";
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(g) Page 46 : "This deposit occurs where a major north-south structure bisects local.........."; and
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(h) Page 54 : "two north-west trending, parallel lines of deposits 1.5km apart. Gold is associated with pyrite".
3.2 Amendment to the Independent Geologist's Report
The Independent Geologist's Report contained in section 6 of the Prospectus has been amended to:
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(a) replace references of "deposits" to "occurences" when describing the form of mineralisation contained in the Company's tenements;
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(b) provide further information on drilling assay results;
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(c) explain the risks associated with the Company's projects;
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(d) provide further comments on the sampling techniques and data; and
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(e) provide further information on the Company's tenement and land tenure status and explorations done by other parties.
The revised Independent Geologist’s Report is included at Annexure A of this Supplementary Prospectus.
3.3 Amendments to the Solicitor's Report on Tenements
The Solicitor's Report on Tenements contained in section 7 of the Prospectus has been amended to provide additional information on native title and land access.
The revised Solicitor's Report on Tenements is included at Annexure B of this Supplementary Prospectus.
4. EXTENSION OF OFFER PERIOD
The board of the Company wishes to advise that the Closing Date of the Offer has been extended until 5:00pm (Sydney time) on 17 May 2021, and accordingly, the "Key Offer Dates" as set out on page 6 of the Prospectus has been updated as follows:
Important dates
| Lodgement of Prospectus with ASIC | 13 April 2021 |
|---|---|
| Opening Date of the Offer | 28 April 2021 |
| Closing Date of the Offer | 17 May 2021 |
| Settlement date of the Offer | 20 May 2021 |
| Allotment and issue of Shares under the Offer | 24 May 2021 |
| Expected date of dispatch of holding statements | 27 May 2021 |
| Expected commencement of trading on ASX | 1 June 2021 |
The above dates are subject to change and are indicative only. The Company (in consultation with the Lead Manager) reserves the right to vary the dates and times of the Offer, including to close the Offer early, extend the Offer or accept late Applications, without notifying any recipient of the Prospectus or any Applicants. Applicants are encouraged to submit their Applications as early as possible. If the Offer are cancelled before the issue of new Shares, then all Application Money will be refunded in full (without interest) as soon as practicable in accordance with the requirements of the Corporations Act. Investors are encouraged to submit their Applications as soon as possible after the Offer opens.
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5. CONSENTS
Geos Mining has given, and has not withdrawn prior to the lodgement of this Supplementary Prospectus with ASIC, its written consent to be named in this Supplementary Prospectus and to the inclusion of the revised Independent Geologist's Report in Annexure A of this Supplementary Prospectus.
Resources Legal has given, and has not withdrawn prior to the lodgement of this Supplementary Prospectus with ASIC, its written consent to be named in this Supplementary Prospectus and to the inclusion of the revised Solicitor's Report on Tenements in Annexure B of this Supplementary Prospectus.
6. DIRECTORS' AUTHORISATIONS
The Supplementary Prospectus is issued by the Company and its issue has been authorised by a resolution of its Directors.
The Directors believe that the Prospectus when read together with this Supplementary Prospectus contains all the information that would be required by sections 710 and 711 of the Corporations Act and does not contain any material statement that is misleading or deceptive.
In accordance with section 720 of the Corporations Act, each Director has consented to the lodgement of this Supplementary Prospectus with ASIC and has not withdrawn that consent prior to lodgement.
Dated: 6 May 2021
Signed for and on behalf of Lode Resources Ltd
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Andrew Van Heyst Executive Chair Lode Resources Ltd
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Annexure A – Revised Independent Geologist's Report
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Independent Geologist’s Report
New England Projects Lode Resources Limited
Geos Job No. 2849-01 Report Date 16 March 2021
Prepared for:
The Directors
Lode Resources Limited
Prepared by:
Murray Hutton Jeff Randell BA (Hons) Geology, MAIG BSc (Hons), MAIG Principal Consultant Senior Consultant
Signature:
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GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
Executive Summary
Lode Resources Ltd (‘Lode’) commissioned Geos Mining to prepare an Independent Geologist’s Report (IGR) for inclusion in the Prospectus for Lode’s fundraising and ASX listing.
Lode controls seven Exploration Licences located in the New England Region of northern New South Wales (Figure 1, Table 1). The tenements cover a total area of 328 graticular units (969.3km[2] ).
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Figure 1: Lode Resources tenements locations
Refer to Figure 2 for provinces in the New England Orogen
| Tenement | Name | Status | Grant Date |
Expiry Date |
Area (sb) |
Area (km2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EL8933 | Webbs Consol | Granted | 16/01/2020 | 16/01/2023 | 16 | 47.8 |
| EL8980 | Uralla | Granted | 14/05/2020 | 14/05/2023 | 80 | 236.5 |
| EL9003 | Fender | Granted | 12/10/2020 | 12/10/2023 | 76 | 223.3 |
| EL9004 | Elsinore | Granted | 12/10/2020 | 12/10/2023 | 32 | 94.9 |
| EL9084 | Tea Tree | Granted | 11/03/2021 | 11/03/2024 | 24 | 71.0 |
| EL9085 | Thor | Granted | 11/03/2021 | 11/03/2024 | 78 | 230.8 |
| EL9087 | Uralla West | Granted | 12/03/2021 | 11/03/2024 | 22 | 65.0 |
Table 1: Lode Resources Tenements
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GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
REGIONAL GEOLOGICAL SETTING
The Lode tenements are located within the southern part of the New England Orogen (‘NEO’) in northeastern NSW (Figure 2), an accretionary regime formed along the eastern edge of Gondwana from the Devonian to Triassic periods (Li, et al., 2012). The NEO can be described as a complex orogen with ocean island arc, continental margin arc and accretionary sedimentary and volcanic components. The protracted tectonic history including periods of crustal thickening, melting of the juvenile volcanic derived basement to produce the voluminous New England Batholiths and rapid uplift that resulted in incision and exhumation of NEO stratigraphy and intrusive bodies.
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Figure 2: Lode ELs, Regional Geological Setting
The southern part of the NEO consists of the Tamworth Belt to the west and the Central Block to the east, separated by the Peel-Manning Fault Zone. The Tamworth Belt is bounded by crustal-scale Hunter-Mooki
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GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
and Peel-Manning Fault systems, which together form a belt of deformed Devonian‐Carboniferous
sediments that were deposited between a volcanic arc in the west and a deep-water accretionary wedge in the east. These depositional elements, which may have been separated from the Australian continent during the Devonian‐Middle Carboniferous, were deformed during the Permian and Triassic by up to four folding events separated by episodes of granitoid emplacement.
MINERALISATION STYLES
The Lode tenements contain mineral occurrences exhibiting several styles of mineralisation:
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intrusion-related gold
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hydrothermal silver-lead-zinc veins
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submarine volcanic exhalative sulphides
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orogenic gold-antimony mineral systems
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alluvial gold deposits.
Within the Lode tenements, 35 metallic mineral occurrences have been identified in the GSNSW Mineral Occurrences database (excluding very small deposits classified as ‘occurrence only’).
EXPLORATION RATIONALE
The New England Orogen holds considerable potential for economic mineralisation, despite the fact that only one small gold mine is currently operating in the region.
Exploration companies and the NSW Government have compiled a lot of information on a regional scale, but follow-up of anomalous responses have been largely lacking in direction, especially in recent years. As a result, the region can be regarded as underexplored and a thorough review of the mineral exploration potential is warranted.
- WEBBS CONSOLS PROJECT EL8933
EL8933 – Webbs Consols contains several small, but high grade, silver-lead-zinc-gold occurrences. Historical mining operations and exploration have defined viable drilling targets:
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down plunge of the mineralisation at the Webbs Consols Mine,
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IP anomalies north of Lucky Lucy prospect,
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Extensions to mineralisation intersected in drillholes at Tangoa prospect
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Inferred fault intersections at Tangoa West prospect
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GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
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Figure 3: EL8933 Webbs Consols – geology & mine workings
Geological mapping, soil sampling and IP surveys are also recommended to test extensions along major structures.
- URALLA PROJECT EL8980 & EL9087
EL8980 – Uralla and EL9087 – Uralla West contain several hydrothermal gold occurrences that are associated with regional structures and margins of intrusions. Historical exploration has developed a Reduced Intrusion-Related Gold Systems model, which includes many large gold deposits elsewhere in the world. Drilling has mostly targeted extensions to historical workings and not the conceptual targets or zones of anomalous geochemistry / geophysics.
Rock chip sampling and IP surveys conducted by Lode have identified prospective areas as extensions to historical workings.
EL9087 - Uralla West adjoins on the western boundary of EL8980 and mineralisation styles consist of hydrothermal gold in quartz vein occurrences localised by structures intersecting intrusive margins. Shallow drilling of the Bannaweera prospect intersected significant alteration and gold mineralisation and further work is warranted to test for extensions of the mineralised zone.
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GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
Exploration programs should target the major structures, especially where they intersect intrusive margins. A combination of soil / RAB sampling and interpretation of the recent IP geophysics should be used to define drilling targets.
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Figure 4: Uralla Project Geology & mineral occurrences
OTHER PROJECTS
FENDER PROJECT (EL9003)
Within the Fender Project there has been considerable geochemical sampling carried out, but only minor geophysical surveys have been completed. Drilling has been limited to only one prospect.
Many historical workers have commented that the copper occurrences were their prime target, being classified as massive, stratiform cupriferous pyrite lenses. Malachite Resources noted that their main targets are “syngenetic exhalative gold mineralisation and epigenetic structurally-controlled gold mineralisation”.
The Trough Gully and Fischer’s workings have received particular attention as they are VHMS style occurrences favourably located within and to the east of the Peel-Manning Fault. The only drilling completed within the EL area was at the Fischer’s Prospect, with 11 shallow percussion drillholes totalling 382m drilled during 1971.
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GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
Geos Mining notes that the topography is quite challenging in many parts of the tenement and this may have limited the practical ability to complete any drilling. However, we consider that further exploration should target the better of the prospects such as Fischer’s, Trough Gully, Mulla Creek, Herdens/ Edwards/ Rasmussens and Stannings. Trough Gully is a drill-ready target, but the other occurrences would require further programs of mapping, geochemical sampling and IP geophysics to define drilling targets.
ELSINORE PROJECT (EL9004)
There has been little exploration completed within the immediate area of EL9004. The most significant exploration has been carried out at the Elsinore copper prospect. Extensive soil sampling program outlined a number of spotty Au, As, Cu, Pb and Zn anomalies and highlighted a dominant W-E trend between the two Elsinore prospects, with NW-SE extensions that broadly mimics the orientation and location of coincident felsic dykes. A detailed IP survey defined a chargeable response coincident with the central W-E soil geochemical trend. However, the prospect was not drilled.
In Geos Mining’s opinion, the coincident soil / IP anomalies remain as the best target for drilling, although we recommend that, prior to drilling, check sampling and geological mapping is carried out to verify the mineralisation extent and attitude. Additional dipole-dipole IP surveying could be carried out prior to any drilling to determine the extent of the chargeable response and/or EM surveying if it is considered that the mineralisation is more likely to be massive rather than disseminated.
TEA TREE PROJECT (EL9084)
Within the area of EL9084, there are two north-west trending, parallel lines of occurrences 1.5km apart, together with 20 historical workings on vein, alluvial, and deep lead gold occurrences. Gold is associated with pyrite in friable subvertical narrow quartz reefs in shear zones associated with brecciation. High grades reported from the historical workings may be due to supergene enrichment at the base of 0xidation.
There has been very little exploration completed within the area covered by EL9084 despite the numerous historical workings. The only significant exploration program was that by Pinnacle Gold in 2013, who drilled two short Reverse Circulation drillholes to test down dip of the Shamrock workings. The paucity of drilling presents an opportunity for Lode to test below the Base of Complete Oxidation (BOCO) as this has not been evaluated by historical mining.
THOR PROJECT (EL9085)
The most obvious structural feature within EL9085 is the Rocky Creek Syncline and a smaller anticline located on the western edge of the syncline. Along the faulted axis of the syncline are fluvioglacial to glacial sediments. In places the fluvial system lies directly on the underlying shelf mudstones of the Namoi Formation. The western edge of the Rocky Creek Syncline is upfaulted, and a small faulted anticline occurs between the upfaulted block and syncline proper.
Pinnacle Gold reported anomalous gold-in-stream sediment samples from previous exploration and some anomalous results coincide with a small anticline located on the western edge of the Rocky Creek Syncline.
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GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
There are a few scattered indications of gold mineralisation from historic workings but there has been virtually no exploration completed, apart from known mineralisation prospecting.
The opportunity for Lode Resources lies in this unexplored nature of the tenement and it is recommended that initially a ‘boots-on-ground’ approach is taken to carefully prospect the areas outside of known mineral occurrences. Selective geochemical sampling is also recommended once the prospective stratigraphy is identified in areas of structural complexity.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Historical exploration within the NEO has mostly consisted of geological mapping, surface geochemistry, minor geophysics and shallow drilling around historical workings. Given the prospectivity of the NEO, the lack of defined mineral resources may, in part, be attributed to the paucity of deeper drilling.
The Lode Resources tenements hold potential for a range of mineralisation styles, from small-medium tonnage high grade mineralisation, mostly associated with major structures, to potentially large tonnage deposits associated with stockworks / breccia zones in intrusive bodies.
Lode has a planned exploration programs totalling $2.8M (for the Minimum Subscription of $5.0M) or $5.1M (for the Maximum Subscription of $7.5M), as summarised below. Geos Mining has reviewed the programs and considers them appropriate for the tenements at the current state of understanding.
| Project | Scenario 1 | Scenario 1 | Scenario 2 | Scenario 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 1 | Year 2 | |
| EL8933 - Webbs Consol | 241,200 | 321,600 | 347,100 | 422,900 |
| EL8980 – Uralla & EL9087 - Uralla West | 332,800 | 322,400 | 459,200 | 423,800 |
| EL9003 - Fender | 229,400 | 321,600 | 334,900 | 422,800 |
| EL9004 - Elsinore | 26,500 | 28,400 | 46,500 | 328,900 |
| EL9084 - Tea Tree | 35,300 | 20,000 | 46,500 | 328,900 |
| EL9085 - Thor | 36,800 | 20,000 | 58,000 | 328,900 |
| Miscellaneous | 278,000 | 228,800 | 510,300 | 391,900 |
| Contingency 15% | 177,000 | 189,400 | 270,400 | 397,200 |
| TOTAL EXPLORATION PROGRAM | 1,357,000 | 1,452,200 | 2,072,900 | 3,045,300 |
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GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
Contents
| EXECUTIVESUMMARY...................................................................................................... 2 | EXECUTIVESUMMARY...................................................................................................... 2 |
|---|---|
| 1. INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................... 17 | |
| 1.1. | BACKGROUND..................................................................................................................................... 17 |
| 1.2. | PURPOSE OFREPORT............................................................................................................................ 17 |
| 1.3. | SOURCES OFINFORMATION................................................................................................................... 18 |
| 1.4. | COMPETENTPERSONQUALIFICATIONS& CONSENTS................................................................................. 18 |
| 1.5. | SITEVISITS.......................................................................................................................................... 19 |
| 1.6. | RELIANCE ONOTHEREXPERTS................................................................................................................ 19 |
| 1.7. | WARRANTIES ANDINDEMNITIES............................................................................................................. 19 |
| 2. PROPERTYDESCRIPTION........................................................................................... 20 | |
| 2.1. | LOCATION........................................................................................................................................... 20 |
| 2.2. | ACCESS& INFRASTRUCTURE.................................................................................................................. 20 |
| 2.3. | TOPOGRAPHY& VEGETATION................................................................................................................ 20 |
| 2.4. | CLIMATE............................................................................................................................................. 21 |
| 2.5. | EXPLORATIONLICENCETENURE.............................................................................................................. 21 |
| 2.6. | LANDTENURE& SURFACERIGHTS.......................................................................................................... 23 |
| 2.7. | NATIVETITLE ANDINDIGENOUSHERITAGE............................................................................................... 23 |
| 2.8. | ROYALTIES, FARM-INRIGHTS, PAYMENTS& AGREEMENTS......................................................................... 23 |
| 2.9. | ENVIRONMENTALLIABILITIES.................................................................................................................. 24 |
| 3. HISTORICALEXPLORATION......................................................................................... 25 | |
| 3.1. | HISTORICALEXPLORATION..................................................................................................................... 25 |
| 3.2. | LODERESOURCESEXPLORATION............................................................................................................. 26 |
| 4. GEOLOGICALSETTING.............................................................................................. 26 | |
| 4.1. | REGIONALGEOLOGY............................................................................................................................. 26 |
| 4.2. | MINERALISATIONSTYLES, PROSPECTS& MINEWORKINGS......................................................................... 27 |
| 5. REGIONALEXPLORATIONDATA.................................................................................. 30 | |
| 6. EXPLORATIONRATIONALE......................................................................................... 33 | |
| 7. WEBBSCONSOLPROJECT(EL8933) ........................................................................... 35 | |
| 7.1. | MININGHISTORY................................................................................................................................. 35 |
| 7.2. | HISTORICALEXPLORATION..................................................................................................................... 37 |
| 7.3. | MINERALISATIONSTYLES....................................................................................................................... 40 |
| 7.4. | GEOLOGICALMAPPING......................................................................................................................... 41 |
| 7.5. | SURFACEGEOCHEMISTRY...................................................................................................................... 42 |
| 7.6. | GEOPHYSICS........................................................................................................................................ 43 |
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GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
| 7.7. | DRILLING............................................................................................................................................ 46 |
|---|---|
| 7.8. | MINERALRESOURCES........................................................................................................................... 53 |
| 7.9. | POTENTIAL.......................................................................................................................................... 53 |
| 7.10. RECOMMENDATIONS............................................................................................................................ 54 | |
| 8. URALLAPROJECT(EL8980) ...................................................................................... 55 | |
| 8.1. | MININGHISTORY................................................................................................................................. 55 |
| 8.2. | HISTORICALEXPLORATION..................................................................................................................... 55 |
| 8.3. | GEOLOGICALSETTING........................................................................................................................... 56 |
| 8.4. | MINERALISATIONSTYLES....................................................................................................................... 57 |
| 8.5. | PROSPECTS......................................................................................................................................... 59 |
| ROCKYRIVER- URALLAALLUVIALS.............................................................................................................................. 59 | |
| HARD-ROCKMINES.................................................................................................................................................. 59 | |
| GOLDSWORTHMINE................................................................................................................................................. 60 | |
| VICKERSPROSPECT................................................................................................................................................... 61 | |
| HUDSON’SPROSPECT................................................................................................................................................ 61 | |
| GRACIE/ LITTLEGRACIE............................................................................................................................................ 62 | |
| MARTIN’SSHAFT..................................................................................................................................................... 63 | |
| WILSON’SCREEK...................................................................................................................................................... 63 | |
| FRASER’SFIND......................................................................................................................................................... 64 | |
| DIGGERSSHAFT....................................................................................................................................................... 64 | |
| MCCROSSIN’SWORKINGS......................................................................................................................................... 64 | |
| SUEY’SCLAIM.......................................................................................................................................................... 64 | |
| 8.6. | SURFACEGEOCHEMISTRY...................................................................................................................... 65 |
| REGIONALSAMPLING................................................................................................................................................ 65 | |
| URALLAPROSPECTS.................................................................................................................................................. 65 | |
| GOLDSWORTHMINE................................................................................................................................................. 66 | |
| VICKERSPROSPECT................................................................................................................................................... 67 | |
| HUDSON’SPROSPECT................................................................................................................................................ 68 | |
| GRACIE ANDLITTLEGRACIEMINES.............................................................................................................................. 69 | |
| MARTIN’SSHAFT..................................................................................................................................................... 69 | |
| WILSON’SCREEKSHAFT............................................................................................................................................ 69 | |
| FRASER’SFIND......................................................................................................................................................... 69 | |
| MCCROSSIN’S– SUEY’SCLAIMSTRUCTURE................................................................................................................... 71 | |
| REEDYCREEK........................................................................................................................................................... 71 | |
| 8.7. | GEOPHYSICS........................................................................................................................................ 71 |
| AIRBORNEMAGNETICS ANDRADIOMETRICS.................................................................................................................. 71 | |
| INDUCEDPOLARISATIONSURVEYS............................................................................................................................... 74 | |
| 8.8. | DRILLING............................................................................................................................................ 78 |
| MARTIN’SSHAFT..................................................................................................................................................... 81 | |
| GOLDSWORTHMINE................................................................................................................................................. 86 | |
| VICKERSPROSPECT................................................................................................................................................... 87 | |
| GRACIE- LITTLEGRACIEMINES................................................................................................................................... 88 | |
| WILSONSCREEKSHAFT............................................................................................................................................. 89 | |
| FRASER’SFIND......................................................................................................................................................... 90 | |
| OTHERPROSPECTS................................................................................................................................................... 92 | |
| 8.9. | MINERALRESOURCES........................................................................................................................... 92 |
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GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
| 8.10. OPPORTUNITIES................................................................................................................................... 92 |
|---|
| 8.11. RECOMMENDATIONS............................................................................................................................ 93 |
| 9. FENDERPROJECT(EL9003) ...................................................................................... 94 |
| 9.1. MININGHISTORY................................................................................................................................. 94 |
| 9.2. HISTORICALEXPLORATION..................................................................................................................... 95 |
| 9.3. GEOLOGICALSETTING........................................................................................................................... 95 |
| 9.4. MINERALISATIONSTYLE........................................................................................................................ 96 |
| 9.5. PROSPECTS......................................................................................................................................... 99 |
| 9.6. GEOCHEMISTRY................................................................................................................................. 101 |
| 9.7. GEOPHYSICS...................................................................................................................................... 102 |
| 9.8. DRILLING.......................................................................................................................................... 105 |
| 9.9. OPPORTUNITIES& RECOMMENDATIONS................................................................................................ 106 |
| 10. ELSINOREPROJECT(EL9004) .................................................................................. 108 |
| 10.1. MININGHISTORY............................................................................................................................... 108 |
| 10.2. MINERALISATIONSTYLE...................................................................................................................... 108 |
| 10.3. EXPLORATION.................................................................................................................................... 109 |
| MAPPING ANDLOCALGEOLOGICALSETTING............................................................................................................... 109 |
| GEOCHEMISTRY..................................................................................................................................................... 110 |
| GEOPHYSICS.......................................................................................................................................................... 110 |
| 10.4. DRILLING.......................................................................................................................................... 111 |
| 10.5. OPPORTUNITIES& RECOMMENDATIONS................................................................................................ 111 |
| 11. TEATREEPROJECT(EL9084) .................................................................................. 112 |
| 11.1. MININGHISTORY............................................................................................................................... 112 |
| 11.2. HISTORICALEXPLORATION................................................................................................................... 114 |
| 11.3. GEOLOGICALSETTING......................................................................................................................... 114 |
| 11.4. MINERALISATIONSTYLE...................................................................................................................... 116 |
| 11.5. GEOCHEMISTRY................................................................................................................................. 116 |
| 11.6. GEOPHYSICS...................................................................................................................................... 117 |
| 11.7. DRILLING.......................................................................................................................................... 117 |
| 11.8. OPPORTUNITIES& RECOMMENDATIONS................................................................................................ 118 |
| 12. THORPROJECT(EL9085) ....................................................................................... 120 |
| 12.1. MININGHISTORY............................................................................................................................... 120 |
| 12.2. EXPLORATIONHISTORY....................................................................................................................... 120 |
| 12.3. GEOLOGICALSETTING......................................................................................................................... 121 |
| 12.4. MINERALISATIONSTYLE...................................................................................................................... 122 |
| 12.5. GEOCHEMISTRY................................................................................................................................. 122 |
| 12.6. GEOPHYSICS...................................................................................................................................... 123 |
| 12.7. DRILLING.......................................................................................................................................... 124 |
| 12.8. OPPORTUNITIES................................................................................................................................. 124 |
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GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
- URALLA WEST PROJECT (EL9087) ........................................................................... 126 13.1. MINING HISTORY ............................................................................................................................... 126 13.2. EXPLORATION HISTORY ....................................................................................................................... 126 13.3. GEOLOGICAL SETTING ......................................................................................................................... 126 13.4. MINERALISATION STYLE ...................................................................................................................... 127 13.5. GEOCHEMISTRY ................................................................................................................................. 128 13.6. GEOPHYSICS ...................................................................................................................................... 129 13.7. DRILLING .......................................................................................................................................... 130 13.8. OPPORTUNITIES ................................................................................................................................. 133 14. RISKS ................................................................................................................. 134 14.1. RISK ASSESSMENT .............................................................................................................................. 134 14.2. DATA ............................................................................................................................................... 134 14.3. TENURE ............................................................................................................................................ 134 14.4. ACCESS ............................................................................................................................................. 135 15. CONCLUSIONS ...................................................................................................... 135 16. PROPOSED EXPLORATION PROGRAMS ........................................................................ 136 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................... 137 – APPENDIX 1 LAND TENURE MAPS................................................................................. 143 APPENDIX 2 - NATIVE TITLE & INDIGENOUS HERITAGE SITES ................................................. 147 – APPENDIX 3 AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN .......................................................... 155 – APPENDIX 4 LIST OF MINERAL OCCURRENCES WITHIN LODE TENEMENTS ............................... 162 - APPENDIX 5 GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS .................................................................. 168 APPENDIX 6 - JORC CODE, 2012 EDITION – TABLE 1 ......................................................... 172 SECTION 1 - SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND DATA ................................................................................................ 172 SECTION 2 - REPORTING OF EXPLORATION RESULTS ............................................................................................ 186 SECTION 3 - ESTIMATION AND REPORTING OF MINERAL RESOURCES .................................................................... 207 SECTION 4 - ESTIMATION AND REPORTING OF ORE RESERVES............................................................................... 207
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Figures
FIGURE 1: LODE RESOURCES TENEMENTS LOCATIONS .............................................................................................. 2 FIGURE 2: LODE ELS, REGIONAL GEOLOGICAL SETTING ........................................................................................... 3 FIGURE 3: EL8933 WEBBS CONSOLS – GEOLOGY & MINE WORKINGS ....................................................................... 5 FIGURE 4: URALLA PROJECT GEOLOGY & MINERAL OCCURRENCES ............................................................................ 6 FIGURE 5: AVERAGE TEMPERATURE (RED LINE) AND RAINFALL (BLUE BARS) DATA FOR ARMIDALE ................................. 21 FIGURE 6: TECTONIC HISTORY OF NEW ENGLAND OROGEN (GLEN, 2011) ............................................................... 27 FIGURE 7: NEW ENGLAND REGIONAL AIRBORNE MAGNETIC DATA – TMI-RTP .......................................................... 31 FIGURE 8: NEW ENGLAND REGIONAL RESIDUAL GRAVITY DATA .............................................................................. 32 FIGURE 9: IRGS MODEL FROM HART, 2005 ........................................................................................................ 34 FIGURE 10: WEBBS CONSOLS MINE CROSS-SECTION ............................................................................................. 36 FIGURE 11: WEBBS CONSOLS AREA MAIN MINERAL OCCURRENCES & CONCEPTUAL EXPLORATION TARGETS ................ 37 FIGURE 12: EL8933, CRA ELS AND DRILLHOLES .................................................................................................. 38 FIGURE 13: EL8933, SML ELS AND DRILLHOLES ................................................................................................. 40 FIGURE 14: EL8933, HISTORICAL STREAM SEDIMENT RESULTS – PB (PPM) ............................................................... 42 FIGURE 15: LUCKY LUCY NORTHERN EXTENSION, SOIL & ROCK CHIP SAMPLING .......................................................... 43 FIGURE 16: SILVER MINES IP ANOMALIES ........................................................................................................... 45 FIGURE 17: MODELLED IP CHARGEABILITY (TOP) AND APPARENT RESISTIVITY (BOTTOM) ON LINE 1400N .................... 46 FIGURE 18: WEBBS CONSOLS PROSPECT DRILLING WITH BETTER GRADE INTERSECTIONS ............................................. 49 FIGURE 19: CROSS-SECTION OF CRA DRILLHOLE 79WC1, LOOKING NORTH ............................................................. 50 FIGURE 20: WELLINGROVE PROSPECT DRILLING WITH SIGNIFICANT INTERSECTIONS .................................................... 51 FIGURE 21: TANGOA PROSPECT DRILLING WITH SIGNIFICANT INTERSECTIONS ............................................................ 52 FIGURE 22: WEBBS CONSOLS 3D MODEL, PERSPECTIVE VIEW LOOKING SE ............................................................... 53 FIGURE 23: EL8980 GEOLOGICAL SETTING AND HARD ROCK MINERAL DEPOSITS ...................................................... 57 FIGURE 24: REDUCED INTRUSION-RELATED GOLD SYSTEM MODEL.......................................................................... 58 FIGURE 25: REGIONAL MAGNETICS WITH LINEAR STRUCTURES & MINERAL OCCURRENCES IN EL8980 ........................ 60 FIGURE 26: GOLDSWORTH MINE, DRILLHOLES, SOIL SAMPLING & MAJOR STRUCTURES .............................................. 67 FIGURE 27: HUDSON’S, GRACIE, DIGGERS SHAFT PROSPECTS, ROCK CHIP SAMPLING .................................................. 68 FIGURE 28: SOVEREIGN GOLD SOIL RESULTS – FRASER’S FIND TO MARTIN’S SHAFT AREA ........................................... 70 FIGURE 29: PEEL SOUTH AIRBORNE GEOPHYSICS SURVEY ....................................................................................... 72 FIGURE 30: SOVEREIGN GOLD’S 2011 AEROMAGNETIC SURVEY AREA OVER EL8980 ................................................. 73 FIGURE 31: MAGNETIC TRENDS INTERPRETED BY SOVEREIGN GOLD ........................................................................ 74 FIGURE 32: URALLA IP SURVEY LINES, PROSPECTS & DRILLING ................................................................................ 75 FIGURE 33: MCCROSSIN’S PROSPECT STACKED IP PSEUDOSECTIONS LOOKING NORTH ................................................ 76 FIGURE 34: MARTIN’S SHAFT PROSPECT 3D IP INVERSION ISOSURFACES AND DRILLHOLES, SECTION LOOKING WEST ........ 77 FIGURE 35: HUDSON’S PROSPECT STACKED IP PSEUDOSECTIONS LOOKING NORTH ..................................................... 77 FIGURE 36: FRASER’S FIND PROSPECT IP PSEUDOSECTION ..................................................................................... 78 FIGURE 37: MARTIN’S SHAFT DRILLHOLE LOCATIONS ............................................................................................ 82 FIGURE 38: MARTIN’S SHAFT DRILL CROSS-SECTION 347,700ME (+/- 10M) LOOKING EAST ...................................... 83 FIGURE 39: MARTIN'S SHAFT DRILL CROSS-SECTION 6,610,120MN (+/- 20M) LOOKING NORTH ............................... 83
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FIGURE 40: TWINNED DRILLHOLE PAIRS SHOWING GOLD GRADE (G/T) COMPARISONS ................................................ 86 FIGURE 41: GOLDSWORTH PROSPECT RC DRILLHOLE LOCATIONS & SIGNIFICANT ASSAY INTERVALS............................... 87 FIGURE 42: VICKERS PROSPECT RC DRILLHOLES ................................................................................................... 88 FIGURE 43: GRACIE & LITTLE GRACIE PROSPECTS DRILLHOLES ................................................................................ 89 FIGURE 44: WILSONS CREEK SHAFT PROSPECT DRILLHOLES .................................................................................... 90 FIGURE 45: FRASER’S FIND PROSPECT DRILLHOLES ................................................................................................ 91 FIGURE 46: EL9003, GEOLOGICAL SETTING AND MINERAL OCCURRENCES .............................................................. 99 FIGURE 47: EL9003, CU-VALUES IN STREAM SEDIMENTS .................................................................................... 101 FIGURE 48: EL9003, AIRBORNE MAGNETICS RTP .............................................................................................. 103 FIGURE 49: PEELEX1-001 ANOMALY, STREAM SEDIMENT CU............................................................................... 104 FIGURE 50: PEELEX1-004 ANOMALY, STREAM SEDIMENT CU............................................................................... 104 FIGURE 51: FISCHER’S CU MINE PERCUSSION DRILLHOLES AND UNDERGROUND MINE WORKINGS .............................. 105 FIGURE 52: EL9004, GEOLOGY & MINERAL OCCURRENCES ................................................................................ 109 FIGURE 53: ELSINORE PROSPECT SOIL SAMPLING ANOMALIES .............................................................................. 110 FIGURE 54: EL9084, GEOLOGY AND MINERAL OCCURRENCES ............................................................................. 114 FIGURE 55: EL9084, PEEL SOUTH PROGRAM TMI-RTP, MAGNETIC LINEARS ......................................................... 117 FIGURE 56: SHAMROCK PROSPECT RC DRILLING & ROCK CHIP GOLD ASSAYS ........................................................... 118 FIGURE 57: EL9085, GEOLOGY AND MINERAL OCCURRENCES ............................................................................. 121 FIGURE 58: HISTORICAL STREAM SEDIMENT BLEG SAMPLING, AU PPB .................................................................. 123 FIGURE 59: EL9085, REGIONAL TMI-RTP AND INTERPRETED STRUCTURES............................................................ 124 FIGURE 60: EL9087, GEOLOGY AND MINERAL OCCURRENCES ............................................................................. 127 FIGURE 61: EL9087, SOIL RESULTS FROM EL7491, AU (PPB) .............................................................................. 128 FIGURE 62: EL9087, SOIL RESULTS FROM EL7491, AS (PPM) ............................................................................. 129 FIGURE 63: SUGEC RESOURCES 2013 GROUND MAGNETICS ................................................................................ 130 FIGURE 64: DIAMOND DRILLING AT BANNAWEERA PROSPECT BY SOVEREIGN GOLD & SUGEC RESOURCES .................. 132 FIGURE 65: EL8933, CROWN LAND DISTRIBUTION (ORANGE POLYGONS) .............................................................. 143 FIGURE 66: EL8980 & EL9087, CADASTRAL LOTS & CROWN LAND DISTRIBUTION (ORANGE POLYGONS) .................. 144 FIGURE 67: EL9003, CROWN LAND DISTRIBUTION (ORANGE POLYGONS) .............................................................. 145 FIGURE 68: EL9004, CROWN LAND DISTRIBUTION (ORANGE POLYGONS) .............................................................. 146 FIGURE 69: EL9084 & EL9085, CROWN LAND DISTRIBUTION (ORANGE POLYGONS) .............................................. 146 FIGURE 70: LODE ELS, NATIVE TITLE STATUS..................................................................................................... 147 FIGURE 71: EL8933, INDIGENOUS CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES ............................................................................. 148 FIGURE 72: EL8980, EL9004 & EL9087, INDIGENOUS CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES ............................................... 149 FIGURE 73: EL9003, INDIGENOUS CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES ............................................................................. 150 FIGURE 74: EL9084 & EL9085, INDIGENOUS CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES ............................................................. 151 FIGURE 75: EL8933 ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES ................................................................................................. 156 FIGURE 76: EL8980 AND EL9087 ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES .............................................................................. 157 FIGURE 77: EL9003 ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES ................................................................................................. 158 FIGURE 78: EL9004 ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES ................................................................................................. 159 FIGURE 79: EL9084 ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES ................................................................................................. 160 FIGURE 80: EL9085 ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES ................................................................................................. 161
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Tables
TABLE 1: LODE RESOURCES TENEMENTS ............................................................................................................... 2 TABLE 2: MAP SHEETS FOR LODE TENEMENTS ...................................................................................................... 20 TABLE 3: LODE RESOURCES TENEMENTS EXPENDITURE COMMITMENTS ................................................................... 22 TABLE 4: SIGNIFICANT HISTORICAL EXPLORATION WITHIN AREA OF LODE TENEMENTS ................................................. 25 TABLE 5: MINERAL OCCURRENCES WITHIN THE LODE RESOURCES TENEMENTS .......................................................... 29 TABLE 6: DISTRIBUTION STATISTICS FOR REGIONAL STREAM SEDIMENT SAMPLES ........................................................ 30 TABLE 7: EXPLORATION LICENCES COVERING EL8933 ........................................................................................... 37 TABLE 8: HISTORICAL DRILLHOLES ON EL8933 .................................................................................................... 48 TABLE 9: CRA DRILLING, SIGNIFICANT MINERALISATION INTERVALS ......................................................................... 49 TABLE 10: SML DRILLING, BEST MINERALISATION INTERVALS ................................................................................. 52 TABLE 11: PREVIOUS EXPLORATION LICENCES WITHIN THE AREA OF EL8980 ............................................................ 55 TABLE 12: SIGNIFICANT ROCK CHIP SAMPLES FROM AREA OF EL8980 ...................................................................... 66 TABLE 13: URALLA IP SURVEY SPECIFICATIONS ..................................................................................................... 75 TABLE 14: HISTORICAL DRILLHOLES COMPLETED WITHIN THE AREA OF EL8980 ........................................................ 81 TABLE 15: MARTIN’S SHAFT INTERSECTIONS (>1G/T GOLD) DRILLED BY SOVEREIGN GOLD .......................................... 84 TABLE 16: PREVIOUS EXPLORATION WITHIN EL9003............................................................................................ 95 TABLE 17: MINERAL OCCURRENCES WITHIN EL9003 ........................................................................................... 98 TABLE 18: FISCHER’S COPPER MINE DRILLHOLES ................................................................................................ 106 TABLE 19: PREVIOUS EXPLORATION WITHIN EL9004.......................................................................................... 108 TABLE 20: MINERAL OCCURRENCES WITHIN EL9004 ......................................................................................... 108 TABLE 21: MINERAL OCCURRENCES WITHIN EL9084 ......................................................................................... 113 TABLE 22: PREVIOUS EXPLORATION LICENCES WITHIN AREA OF EL9084 ................................................................ 115 TABLE 23: SHAMROCK PROSPECT, HISTORICAL DRILLHOLES .................................................................................. 118 TABLE 24: MINERAL OCCURRENCES WITHIN EL9085 ......................................................................................... 120 TABLE 25: PREVIOUS EXPLORATION WITHIN EL9085.......................................................................................... 120 TABLE 26: PREVIOUS EXPLORATION WITHIN EL9087.......................................................................................... 126 TABLE 27: DIAMOND DRILLING AT BANNAWEERA PROSPECT BY SOVEREIGN GOLD & SUGEC RESOURCES .................... 131 TABLE 28: SIGNIFICANT ASSAY INTERVALS FROM BANNAWEERA PROSPECT DRILLING ................................................ 132 TABLE 29: SUMMARY EXPLORATION PROGRAMS & BUDGETS .............................................................................. 136 TABLE 30: LIST OF INDIGENOUS CULTURAL SITES ............................................................................................... 154 TABLE 31: LEGEND FOR AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN ............................................................................. 155
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Photos
PHOTO 1: WEBBS CONSOLS NO1 SHAFT ............................................................................................................ 35 PHOTO 2: WEBBS CONSOLS MINERALISATION, SAMPLE FROM MINE DUMP ............................................................... 41 PHOTO 3: MINERALISATION AT HUDSON’S PROSPECT ........................................................................................... 62 PHOTO 4: GRACIE PROSPECT WORKINGS ............................................................................................................ 63 PHOTO 5: TROUGH GULLY LOWER ADIT .............................................................................................................. 94 PHOTO 6: TROUGH GULLY MINERALISATION ...................................................................................................... 100
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Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
1. Introduction
1.1. BACKGROUND
Lode Resources Limited (Lode) is an Australian private company that holds seven Exploration Licences (ELs) in the New England region of northern New South Wales (Figure 1). Lode plans to offer a minimum of 25,000,000 Shares at an issue price of $0.20 each to raise $5,000,000 (Minimum Subscription) and a maximum of 37,500,000 Shares at an issue price of $0.20 each to raise $7,500,000 (Maximum Subscription) and list on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX). Geos Mining was commissioned to prepare an Independent Geologist’s Report (IGR) for inclusion in the Prospectus.
EL8933 Webbs Consols holds potential to host significant mineral deposits of silver-lead-zinc formed as hydrothermal vein deposits within shear zones in granitoids and volcanic rocks.
EL8980 Uralla covers the Rocky River Goldfield and contains several gold occurrences mostly associated with major structures and felsic intrusions. EL9087 Uralla West adjoins EL8980 Uralla and contains mineralisation similar to that found in EL8980.
EL9003 Fender covers the Peel-Manning Fault and is prospective for copper dominant VHMS style deposits, in addition to vein/ stockwork hosted gold deposits, tungsten-molybdenum pipes/ veins/ disseminated deposits, porphyry copper-gold deposits and podiform chromite deposits.
EL9004 Elsinore includes an untested and drill-ready structurally controlled copper target within an area of felsic dyke swarms that have intruded meta-sediments and volcanics.
EL9084 Tea Tree covers a large number of structurally controlled gold occurrences that have received very little attention historically. Production records indicate very high gold grades with production ceasing below the base of complete oxidation.
EL9085 Thor includes a structurally disturbed sequence of sediments and pyroclastics / epiclastics between the Peel and Hunter-Mooki Faults. Very little exploration has been completed, apart from known mineralisation prospecting.
1.2. PURPOSE OF REPORT
This report aims to provide a compilation of exploration results on the area covered by the Lode tenements. The compilation has been undertaken in accordance with the principles and guidelines of the JORC Code 2012[1] and the VALMIN Code 2015[2] and, as such, is suitable for inclusion in Lode’s planned Prospectus to be lodged with the ASX.
1 Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves
2 Australasian Code for Public Reporting of Technical Assessments and Valuations of Mineral Assets.
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This report does not provide a valuation of the mineral assets.
1.3. SOURCES OF INFORMATION
Information used in the compilation of this report has been received from Lode and from publicly accessible sources, such as the NSW Department of Planning, Industry and Environment’s DIGS database. Reports referred to in this Independent Geologist’s Report are listed in the Section ‘References’.
Geos Mining has validated the tenement information provided by Lode through the NSW Department of Planning, Industry and Environment’s MinView database
(https://minview.geoscience.nsw.gov.au/). However, this check does not constitute a full legal due diligence of the tenements and the reader is referred to the Solicitor’s Report on Tenements included in the IPO Prospectus.
Unless otherwise stated, all coordinates in this report use the Geocentric Datum of Australia 2020 (GDA2020) and the Map Grid of Australia 2020 (MGA2020), which are now the official datum and map projection for Australia. Elevations are expressed in metres in accordance with the Australian Height Datum.
1.4. COMPETENT PERSON QUALIFICATIONS & CONSENTS
This Report has been prepared in accordance with the 2015 Code and Guidelines for Assessment and Valuation of Mineral Assets and Mineral Securities for Independent Expert Reports (‘VALMIN Code 2015’) and the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves 2012 Edition (‘JORC Code 2012’).
Both codes are binding upon Members of the Australian Institute of Geoscientists (‘AIG’) and the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (‘AusIMM’). The author(s) have taken due note of the rules and guidelines issued by such bodies as the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (‘ASIC’) and the Australian Securities Exchange (‘ASX’) that pertain to Independent Experts’ Reports including ASIC Regulatory Guide 111 –Content of Expert Reports, and ASIC Regulatory Guide 112 – Independence of Experts.
This report has been compiled by:
- Murray Hutton, BA (Hons) Geology, MAIG – Principal Consultant
With assistance from:
- Jeff Randell, BSC (Hons), MAIG - Senior Consultant
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Murray Hutton is a Competent Person, as defined in Clause 11 of the JORC Code 2012, being a member of a Professional Organisation with an enforceable professional Code of Ethics and has more than five years’ experience in the styles of mineralisation evident within the Lode tenements. Murray Hutton assumes overall responsibility for the contents of this IGR and has provided written consent to Lode Resources for the inclusion of this IGR in full in the Lode Resources Prospectus in the form and context in which it appears.
1.5. SITE VISITS
Murray Hutton carried out recent site visits to prospects within the Webbs Consol project area (EL8933) on 20 August 2020 and to prospects in the Uralla Project area (EL8980) and in the Fender Project area (EL9003) on 22 October 2020.
1.6. RELIANCE ON OTHER EXPERTS
Geos Mining has not relied on any other experts in compiling this IGR, other than those documents, reports and websites that are listed in References.
1.7. WARRANTIES AND INDEMNITIES
In confirming the work, Lode Resources Limited warranted that it will:
-
Provide all material information in its possession to Geos Mining, including any previous project assessment reports and valuations
-
Ensure that necessary access will be assured for Geos Mining staff to the company’s personnel and records
-
Inform Geos Mining if any information is to be regarded as confidential and not to be included in the final report
-
Respect the independence of Geos Mining consultants.
In accordance with Clause 11.4 of the VALMIN Code 2015, Lode Resources Limited has provided indemnities to Geos Mining for any liability:
-
resulting from their reliance on information provided by Lode Resources Limited that is Materially inaccurate or incomplete; and
-
relating to any consequential extension of workload through queries, questions or public hearings arising from the Public Report.
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2. Property Description
2.1. LOCATION
The Lode tenements are located in the New England Region of northern New South Wales (Figure 1) and cover parts of several 250k and 100k map sheets (Table 2).
Main towns situated near the tenements are Glen Innes, Armidale and Tamworth. The New England Highway connects these towns to Sydney and Newcastle to the south and to Brisbane to the north.
| Tenement | Name | Location | 250k map sheets | 100k map sheets |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EL8933 | Webbs Consol | 36km NW of Glenn Innes | SH56-05 Inverell SH56-06 Glen Innes |
9138 Inverell, 9139 Ashford, 9238 Glenn Innes 9239 Clive |
| EL8980 | Uralla | 20km W of Armidale | SH56-09 Manilla SH56-10 Dorrigo |
9136 Bendemeer 9137 Bundarra 9236 Armidale 9237 Guyra |
| EL9003 | Fender | 22km SE of Tamworth | SH56-13 Tamworth | 9135 Nundle |
| EL9004 | Elsinore | 38km NW of Armidale | SH56-09 Manilla | 9137 Bundarra |
| EL9084 | Tea Tree | 29km N of Manilla | SH56-09 Manilla | 9036 Manilla 9037 Cobbadah |
| EL9085 | Thor | 43km NW of Manilla | SH56-09 Manilla | 8936 Boggabri 8937 Horton |
| EL9087 | Uralla West | 30km W of Armidale | SH56-09 Manilla | 9136 Bendemeer |
Table 2: Map sheets for Lode tenements
2.2. ACCESS & INFRASTRUCTURE
The tenements are well served by roads, power and populated areas.
There are few metalliferous mining operations within the New England region, but several coal mines within the Gunnedah Basin to the west of the area.
2.3. TOPOGRAPHY & VEGETATION
The New England region is dominated by the Northern Tablelands plateau. The areas covered by the Lode tenements are drained by generally west-flowing tributaries of the Severn, Gwydir and Namoi Rivers
Vegetation cover is mainly pastureland or scattered native eucalypt forest.
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2.4. CLIMATE
The New England region lies within a temperate zone and generally free of temperature extremes. The climate at Armidale, near the centre of the region, is classified as Cfb in the Köppen–Geiger climate classification system Wikipedia, 2020 (Figure 5).
==> picture [430 x 322] intentionally omitted <==
Figure 5: Average temperature (red line) and rainfall (blue bars) data for Armidale
(Source: climate-data.org)
2.5. EXPLORATION LICENCE TENURE
The seven tenements are held in the name of Lode Resources Ltd and all are granted ELs for Group One metallic minerals (Table 3).
An Independent Solicitor’s Report (Timms, 2021) stating that the tenements are in good standing with no encumbrances or dealings registered against the tenements, has been sighted by Geos Mining.
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| Tenement | Name | Holder | Status | Grant Date | Expiry Date | Area | Mineral | Work Program Commitment4 | Work Program Commitment4 | Work Program Commitment4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (units3) | Group | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | ||||||
| EL8933 | Webbs Consols | Lode Resources Ltd | Granted | 16/01/2020 | 16/01/2023 | 16 | Group 1 | $35,000 | $40,000 | $50,000 |
| EL8980 | Uralla | Lode Resources Ltd | Granted | 14/05/2020 | 14/05/2023 | 80 | Group 1 | $60,000 | $80,000 | $80,000 |
| EL9003 | Fender | Lode Resources Ltd | Granted | 12/10/2020 | 12/10/2023 | 76 | Group 1 | $45,000 | $55,000 | $65,000 |
| EL9004 | Elsinore | Lode Resources Ltd | Granted | 12/10/2020 | 12/10/2023 | 32 | Group 1 | $30,000 | $45,000 | $45,000 |
| EL9084 | Tea Tree | Lode Resources Ltd | Granted | 11/03/2021 | 11/03/2024 | 24 | Group 1 | $35,000 | $40,000 | $50,000 |
| EL9085 | Thor | Lode Resources Ltd | Granted | 11/03/2021 | 11/03/2024 | 78 | Group 1 | $45,000 | $55,000 | $65,000 |
| EL9087 | Uralla West | Lode Resources Ltd | Granted | 12/03/2021 | 11/03/2024 | 22 | Group 1 | $20,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 |
| TOTAL | $270,000 | $340,000 | $380,000 |
Table 3: Lode Resources Tenements Expenditure Commitments
3 A graticular unit in the area of the Lode tenements is ~3 km2 4 NSW Division of Resources and Geoscience requires a commitment to a work program rather than an expenditure commitment. Work programs can be varied annually.
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2.6. LAND TENURE & SURFACE RIGHTS
Cadastral data has been downloaded from the NSW website SIX Maps NSW Government Spatial Services, 2020 for all tenements. Data includes details of Lot and Deposited Plan numbers together with the administering authority. Landholder details are not provided but can be obtained from proprietary databases such as Confirm (CITEC, 2020).
The diagrams shown in Appendix 1 (Figure 65, Figure 66, Figure 67, Figure 68, Figure 69) show the distribution of Crown Land within each tenement; all other land is classified as ‘Freehold’. We note that Crown Land is administered by the Crown Lands Department and access may be restricted. Freehold land may include leasehold land or land in which mineral rights are held by the owner. It is therefore recommended that title searches be carried out to determine the classification of all land parcels as this will determine access requirements and any limitations.
We note that there are recorded sites of European heritage in one of the Lode tenements:
- EL8980 – Captain Thunderbolt sites (Figure 66, blue dots)
2.7. NATIVE TITLE AND INDIGENOUS HERITAGE
Native Title Claim application NC2011/006 in the name of the Gomeroi People covers the seven granted Exploration Licences (Appendix 2 - Native Title & Indigenous Heritage Sites). The application has been accepted for registration but has not yet been determined.
A search of the AHIMS website NSW Environment and Heritage, 2020 has indicated that there are recorded cultural heritage sites within EL8933 (4 sites), EL8980 (20 sites), EL9003 (2 sites), EL9004 (1 site), EL9084 (1 site), EL9085 (35 sites) and EL9087 (1 site). An extensive search has been carried out to determine the precise location and nature of these sites, as shown in Figure 71 to Figure 74. A detailed account of these searches is shown in Appendix 2 - Native Title & Indigenous Heritage Sites.
In particular, we note that three sites (6020-16, 6153-01 and 8980-15) are ‘Closed Sites’. We would expect that these sites have special significance to the Traditional Owners and recommend consultation with the Traditional Owners. Cultural heritage surveys are recommended to be carried out prior to any surface disturbing activities.
- 2.8. ROYALTIES, FARM IN RIGHTS, PAYMENTS & AGREEMENTS
Lode Resources has advised that the tenements are 100% fully owned by Lode Resources Ltd with no rights such as royalties payable, options or earn-in rights held by or owed to any third parties (Ted Leschke, email dated 7 October 2020).
The only financial commitments are the normal statutory security deposits, rental fees and levies payable to the New South Wales Government.
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2.9. ENVIRONMENTAL LIABILITIES
The NSW SEED website (NSW Government, 2020) has been accessed to determine areas of environmental concern within each of the Lode tenements. Diagrams showing the results of this search are shown in Appendix 3 – Areas of Environmental Concern (Figure 75, Figure 76, Figure 77 and Figure 78). An explanation of each of the symbols in these maps is shown in Table 31. Geos Mining has not determined the specific restrictions that may or may not be applied to mineral exploration in these areas, but we note that these will need to be investigated prior to any government approval of surface disturbing exploration activities.
There are no State Forests within any of the Lode tenements although the Plagyan State Forest abuts the western edge of EL9085. The Mount Kaputar National Park is located ~1 km west of the western edge of EL9085.
The Split Rock Reservoir in the southern part of EL9084 supplies water for irrigation and water supply for nearby towns. It is also used for flood mitigation and recreation. Exploration activities that result in surface disturbance in areas upstream of the reservoir may have detrimental effects on the water quality in the reservoir and may require special protocols to mitigate against such effects.
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3. Historical Exploration
3.1. HISTORICAL EXPLORATION
A total of 95 historical Exploration Licences covered parts of the area of the Lode tenements. Of these, most tenements involved only minor exploration programs that did not significantly progress the understanding of the areas. The most significant historical tenements, in terms of exploration programs undertaken, are listed in Table 4.
| Lode Tenement |
Tenement | Company | Years | COMMENTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EL8933 | EL1079 | CRA EXPLORATION PTY LIMITED |
1978 - 1984 | Mapping, geophysics & drilling Webbs Consols,Wellingrove & Tangoaprospects |
| EL6239 | SILVER MINES LIMITED |
2004 - 2014 | Extensive drilling & modelling at Webbs Consols,Wellingrove & Tangoa occurrence |
|
| EL8980 | EL0327 | GULLIVER, E | 1970 - 1972 | Geochemical sampling at Reedy Creek prospect |
| EL2387 | LOW, TR | 1985 - 1990 | Mapping, soil & rock chip sampling Goldsworth mine area |
|
| EL4795 | CYPRUS GOLD AUSTRALIA CORP. |
1995 - 1997 | Soil & rock chip sampling Uralla Goldfield | |
| EL4886 | CYPRUS GOLD AUSTRALIA CORP |
1995 - 1997 | Soil & rock chip sampling Uralla Goldfield | |
| EL6219 | BANLONA PTY LIMITED |
2004 - 2006 | Soil, stream sediment & rock chip sampling. | |
| EL6483 | SOVEREIGN GOLD | 2006 - 2018 | Drilling Martin shaft, costeans & rock chip sampling. Significant Au assay results in drilling |
|
| EL9003 | EL0464 | FISCHERS COPPER MINE PTY LIMITED |
1971 - 1972 | Soil & rock chip sampling Mt Pleasant prospect |
| EL0563 | ELECTROLYTIC ZINC COMPANY OF AUSTRALASIA LTD |
1972 - 1974 | Geochemical sampling & magnetic susceptibility readings at Woolowin prospect |
|
| EL5392 | MALACHITE RESOURCES NL |
1997 - 1999 | BLEG & rock chip sampling at Limbri goldfield | |
| EL6509 | AUZEX RESOURCES LIMITED |
2006 - 2008 | Soil & rock sampling. | |
| EL6560 | MALACHITE RESOURCES NL |
2006 - 2008 | Stream sediment sampling. | |
| EL6613 | PEEL EXPLORATION LIMITED |
2006 - 2010 | Soil & rock chip samples from Mt Pleasant, Trough Gully& Mulla Ck |
|
| EL7770 | IRGS NORTHERN GOLD PTY LTD |
2011 - 2015 | Good rock chip samples from Trough Gully, Fischer’s & Mulla Ck |
|
| EL9004 | EL7768 | SUGEC RESOURCES / SOVEREIGN GOLD |
2011 – 2016 | Soil sampling, IP geophysics |
| EL9084 | EL7859 | PINNACLE GOLD P/L | 2011 - 2013 | 2 drillholes at Shamrock. |
| EL9085 | EL7868 | PINNACLE GOLD P/L | 2012 - 2020 | Covers most of EL9085. |
| EL9087 | EL7491 | SUGEC RESOURCES / SOVEREIGN GOLD |
2010 - 2020 | Geochemical sampling 25 DD drillholes,1,977m |
Table 4: Significant historical exploration within area of Lode tenements
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3.2. LODE RESOURCES EXPLORATION
Since the grant of the ELs, Lode has undertaken compilation of historical exploration reports, rock chip sampling and IP surveys over prospects in EL8980.
4. Geological Setting
4.1. REGIONAL GEOLOGY
The Lode tenements lie within the southern part of the New England Orogen (NEO) (Figure 2), an accretionary regime formed along the eastern edge of Gondwana from the Devonian to Triassic periods (Li, et al., 2012).
The NEO is a major geological zone that extends from the Newcastle area north to Far North Queensland. The NEO can be described as a complex orogen with ocean island arc, continental margin arc and accretionary sedimentary and volcanic components. Deep ocean sediments were subducted and thrust into the Gondwana land mass at that time. They were mixing with sediments formed from the eroding mountains and volcanoes that existed on the margins of the continent. The NEO has a complex structural history and the sedimentary rocks are generally folded and regionally metamorphosed. The NEO includes a major plutonic province and there are numerous intrusive units, generally felsic in character, as well as extrusive volcanic rocks of similar age and composition.
The NEO is defined by two main cycles of compression-extension. The compression component involves thrust tectonics and advance of the arc towards the continental plate, while extension is characterised by rifting, basin formation, thermal relaxation and retreat of the arc towards the oceanic plate (Jessop, et al., 2019).
The tectonic history of the New England Orogen (Glen, 2011) comprised:
-
an intra-oceanic volcanic arc developed over an east-dipping subduction zone during the Early to Middle Devonian
-
rifting of the arc during the Late Devonian and formation of late rift basalts and dolerites that contain gold
-
collision of that arc with rest of Gondwana (= Lachlan Orogen), formation of stitching plutons
-
flip of subduction zone, so that new west-dipping subduction zone forms a Late Devonian to Late Carboniferous continental margin arc built above old collided arc (Figure 6).
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Figure 6: Tectonic history of New England Orogen (Glen, 2011)
Uplift associated with Late Permian or Triassic granitoid intrusion caused the detachment of Carboniferous blocks, which slid south and southwest, generating a low angle thrust along southern parts of the HunterMooki Fault System.
The Peel Fault Zone represents a major structural boundary between the Tamworth Zone to the west and the Central Block to the east. Dipping steeply to the east, the fault is characterized as a zone of reverse faults with several associated splays and was periodically active from the Permian to Neogene. Pods and lenses of serpentinite, which were once part of the oceanic crust, occur along the Peel Fault and associated splays.
4.2. MINERALISATION STYLES, PROSPECTS & MINE WORKINGS
The GSNSW database, downloaded from the Minview website, shows a total of 35 mineral occurrences (excluding those classified as ‘occurrence only’) within the Lode tenements (Table 5). A variety of mineralisation styles and commodities are represented, including:
- Intrusive-related gold veins
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-
Intrusive-related polymetallic veins
-
Structurally-controlled hydrothermal Au+Sb veins
-
Volcanic-associated massive sulphide deposits
-
Orogenic quartz-gold veins
-
Granite-hosted W-Mo-Bi pipes and disseminated
-
Volcanogenic Mn-Fe deposits
-
Alluvial / eluvial / deep lead gold deposits
-
Alluvial / eluvial / deep lead tin deposits
Gold was discovered in 1851 at Rocky River (latitude 30.57° S / longitude 151.46° E), approximately two kilometres west of Uralla, and a rush to the area started. Discoveries of antimony, coal, gold, silver, lead, zinc, sapphires and tin soon followed, and these minerals have been the most important economic commodities mined in the New England region.
However, despite a lengthy history of mine discovery and production, there is only one metallic minerals mine currently operating in the New England region: the Three Creeks Gold Mine at Upper Bingara (latitude 30.05° S / longitude 150.64° E). Although it is an operating reef gold mine, it is more of a tourist attraction, with a mining museum and gold panning activities.
The Hillgrove gold-antimony mine near Armidale (latitude 30.57° S / longitude 151.90° E) was placed on care and maintenance in 2016 due to low antimony prices (Red River Resources Limited, 2019). However, Red River have reported that underground mining operations are forecast to commence mid to late 2021 in the Metz Mining Centre, which contains Mineral Resources totalling 3.0Mt @ 4.5 g/t Au & 1.4% Sb (426,000 oz gold & 41,000t antimony), reported in accordance with the JORC Code 2012 (Red River Resources Limited, 2020).
In the southern Queensland portion of the NEO, the Twin Hills silver mine (latitude 28.84° S / longitude 151.26° E) was placed on care and maintenance in 2014. Jadar Resources (ASX:JDR) recently announced that it will acquire the project from Moreton Resources (Jadar Resources Limited, 2020). Moreton had previously announced total resources at Twin Hills of 8.4Mt @ 51 g/t Ag (Moreton Resources Limited, 2016).
Other significant mineral deposits in the NEO currently being explored include Corazon Mining Limited’s Mt Gilmore cobalt-copper-gold project located 35km northwest of Grafton (latitude 29.46° S / longitude 152.67° E), Chase Mining Corporation Limited’s topaz and tungsten project near Torrington (latitude 29.27° S / longitude 151.63° E) and Castillo Copper Limited’s Cangai Copper project (latitude 29.50° S / longitude 152.50° E), which has announced total resources of 3.2Mt @ 3.4% Cu (Castillo Copper Limited, 2017).
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| EL | NAME | Commodity | Longitude | Latitude | Style |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EL8933 LuckyLucyshaft Pb,Ag 151.47605 -29.49099 IRPV |
|||||
| EL8933 | Wellingrove south | Pb,Ag,Zn | 151.49218 | -29.50931 | IRPV |
| EL8933 Bartons quarry Pb,Ag,Zn 151.47659 -29.49605 IRPV |
|||||
| EL8933 | Mount Galena mines | Pb,Ag,Zn | 151.47857 | -29.49472 | IRPV |
| EL8933 Webbs Consols #1 shaft Pb,Ag,Zn 151.47808 -29.49336 IRPV |
|||||
| EL8933 | Webbs Consols #3 #4 shaft | Pb,Ag,Zn | 151.47774 | -29.49543 | IRPV |
| EL8933 Tangoa prospect Pb,Zn 151.49250 -29.52240 IRPV |
|||||
| EL8980 | Brown's Reef | Au | 151.44232 | -30.64967 | IRGV |
| EL8980 Martins Shaft Au 151.41077 -30.63163 IRGV |
|||||
| EL8980 | Frazers Find | Au,Ag,Sb | 151.43059 | -30.61335 | Structurally controlled |
| EL8980 Goldsworth Mine Au 151.43825 -30.58177 IRGV |
|||||
| EL8980 | Gracie, Little Gracie | Au | 151.41295 | -30.62694 | Structurally controlled |
| EL8980 Landrigan Hill Au 151.42410 -30.60217 Alluvial – deeplead |
|||||
| EL8980 | Mount Welsh | Au | 151.47552 | -30.60856 | Alluvial – deep lead |
| EL8980 Suey's Claim Au,Sb 151.42742 -30.62865 Structurally controlled |
|||||
| EL8980 | Gwydir River Gold | Au | 151.43308 | -30.48445 | Alluvial |
| EL8980 RockyRiver Au 151.46301 -30.56871 Alluvial |
|||||
| EL8980 | Khatoun prospect | Mn | 151.40745 | -30.62533 | Volcanogenic Mn-Fe |
| EL9003 New Years Gift Au 151.11551 -31.06662 Structurally controlled |
|||||
| EL9003 | Rackhams Reward Mine | Au | 151.14395 | -31.05891 | Structurally controlled |
| EL9003 SpringCreek Alluvials Au 151.10807 -31.07192 Alluvial |
|||||
| EL9003 | Fischer’s Copper Mine | Cu | 151.13250 | -31.21571 | VAMS |
| EL9003 Mulla Creek Mine Cu 151.14929 -31.16183 VAMS |
|||||
| EL9003 | Trough Gully Mine | Cu | 151.11749 | -31.17851 | VAMS |
| EL9003 Woolomin Mine Cu 151.14111 -31.25823 VAMS |
|||||
| EL9003 | Oakview Mn Prospect | Mn | 151.12451 | -31.08840 | VAMS |
| EL9003 Oakview North Mn Mn 151.12565 -31.08391 VAMS |
|||||
| EL9004 | Boorolong Mo Mine | Mo | 151.44320 | -30.27345 | Granite-hosted |
| EL9084 Black Mountain Reef Au 150.66878 -30.47410 Structurallycontrolled |
|||||
| EL9084 | Dyson's Reef | Au | 150.66205 | -30.49419 | Structurally controlled |
| EL9084 Readings Reef Au 150.64936 -30.43704 Structurally controlled |
|||||
| EL9084 | Shamrock Reef | Au | 150.66062 | -30.46701 | Structurally controlled |
| EL9084 Teatree Creek Gold Au 150.65679 -30.49626 Alluvial |
|||||
| EL9085 | Old Willaroi Creek Alluv | Au | 150.31112 | -30.41229 | Alluvial |
| EL9085 Unnamed Au 150.33376 -30.50177 Alluvial |
Table 5: Mineral Occurrences within the Lode Resources tenements
Source: Minview; excludes small occurrences classified as ‘occurrence only’
IRPV = Intrusive-related polymetallic veins; IRGV = Intrusive-related gold veins; VAMS = Volcanic-associated massive sulphide
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5. Regional Exploration Data
Open file exploration data was downloaded from the NSW Government web-based data portal. Downloaded data included:
-
Over 25,000 stream sediment samples collected from the area of the New England Orogen surrounding the Lode tenements
-
Over 5,100 soil samples from within or adjacent to the Lode tenements
-
385 rock chip samples from within the Lode tenements
-
Exploration reports for 81 Exploration Licences for Group 1 elements that covered parts of the Lode tenements
-
Summary information on 116 metallic mineral occurrences located within the Lode tenements
-
Images of regional airborne magnetics data
-
Images of regional residual gravity data
Distribution statistics for major elements in the regional stream sediment data are presented in Table 6. Plotting of anomalous values (above 91%ile) did not identify any significant areas of mineralisation that were not previously known. Results for soil and rock chip sampling are discussed in the individual prospect sections.
| Au_ppb | Ag_ppm | Cu_ppm | Pb_ppm | Zn_ppm | As_ppm | Mo_ppm | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 5,576 | 5,457 | 19,780 | 6,799 | 16,286 | 4,755 | 4,459 |
| Max | 400,000 | 220 | 3,600 | 5,100 | 9,600 | 9,240 | 1,200 |
| 97%ile | 42 | 2.0 | 105 | 70 | 366 | 158 | 10 |
| 91%ile | 20 | 1.0 | 76 | 42 | 120 | 38 | 5 |
| 78%ile | 2 | 1.0 | 56 | 28 | 94 | 17 | 3 |
| 52%ile | 0.4 | 0.5 | 40 | 15 | 75 | 8 | 1 |
Table 6: Distribution statistics for regional stream sediment samples
Images of airborne magnetics data and residual gravity data are shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, respectively, showing the influence of the major thrust fault zones in subdivisions of the New England Orogen units.
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Figure 7: New England Regional airborne magnetic data – TMI-RTP
Source: GSNSW
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Figure 8: New England Regional Residual Gravity data
Source: GSNSW
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6. Exploration Rationale
The New England Region holds potential for several styles of mineralisation:
-
Intrusive-related gold veins (Uralla, Upper Bingara)
-
Intrusive-related tin and tungsten deposits (e.g., Taronga tin, Attunga tungsten, Mole Granite deposits)
-
Hydrothermal vein style gold, silver and base metal deposits (Webbs Consols, Webbs Silver)
-
Alluvial / eluvial / deep lead gold deposits (Rocky River – Uralla Goldfield, Nundle region)
-
Alluvial / eluvial / deep lead tin deposits (Emmaville district)
-
Structurally-controlled hydrothermal Au+Sb veins (Hillgrove)
-
Volcanic-associated massive sulphide deposits
-
Orogenic quartz-gold veins
-
Granite-hosted W-Mo-Bi pipes and disseminated
-
Volcanogenic Mn-Fe deposits
-
Residual bauxite deposits (Inverell district)
Work undertaken recently by other companies and the Geological Survey of NSW has discovered mineralisation and alteration styles comparable to Intrusive-Related Gold Systems (IRGS), which is a classification of deposit only recently defined (based on the Tintina Gold Province of Alaska-Yukon) (Thompson, et al., 1999, Hart, 2005) (Figure 9), but which has become associated with many major gold deposits throughout the world (e.g., Fort Knox, Donlin Creek, Mokrsko, Salave, Timbarra, Kidston).
Hard-rock deposits within the Rocky River-Uralla Goldfield show multiple characteristics diagnostic of Reduced Intrusion-Related Gold Systems, determined from petrographic studies and include anomalous bismuth, gold-bearing sheeted veins, sericitic alteration and tourmalinisation (Leu, et al., 2015).
High-grade pipe-shaped silver-lead-zinc deposits have been identified at several prospects in the Webbs Consols project area. Similarly, the Fender Project tenement contains several copper-bearing massive sulphide deposits.
Most occurrences discovered to date within the areas covered by the Lode tenements are small in size, but some are quite high grade and occur in clusters of individual occurrences.
Ongoing programs by the GSNSW continue to reveal information that is useful in locating additional styles of mineralisation in the New England region.
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Figure 9: IRGS model from Hart, 2005
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7. Webbs Consol Project (EL8933)
7.1. MINING HISTORY
The historical Webbs Consols mine (Photo 1) is located approximately 13km WSW from Emmaville (latitude 29.4933 °S / longitude 151.4781° E). The deposit was discovered in 1884 and worked intermittently until the 1970s (Brown & Stroud, 1997), with an estimated 19,000t of high grade lead-silver ore from a pipe-like body resulting in production of 75,000-100,000 ounces of silver, 750-1,000 tonnes lead and 100 tonnes zinc (McClatchie, 2005).
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Photo 1: Webbs Consols No1 Shaft
The main orebody was worked from shafts, drives and stopes from approximately 20m below surface to approximately 12m below the 190’ Level[5] (~70m below surface) (Figure 10). The lode is zoned, with lead in the upper levels giving way to zinc at depth (Weber, 1974).
Sampling of the orebody on the “205’ Level” by J. H. Grant, a former manager of the mine, returned average assays of 2.74% lead, 22.6% zinc and ~210 g/t silver (Phipps, 1956). However, Phipps, 1956, mentioned that the mineralisation consisted of disseminated sphalerite and galena with scattered pods of massive sulphides and that the sampling may not have given accurate average grades.
Other nearby occurrences include Mt Galena, Lucky Lucy, Wellingrove and Tangoa (Figure 11), but only limited production was recorded for these occurrences (McClatchie, 2005).
5 In some publications the workings on this level are referred to as the “205 ft Level”.
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----- Start of picture text -----
Figure 10: Webbs Consols mine cross-section
----- End of picture text -----
Source: Brown & Stroud, 1997
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Figure 11: Webbs Consols area Main Mineral Occurrences & Conceptual Exploration Targets
7.2. HISTORICAL EXPLORATION
Group 1 Exploration Licences that covered EL8933, or parts thereof, are listed in Table 7. ELs for Group 2 Industrial Minerals or Group 6 Gemstones are not shown.
| Title_ref | Holder | Start_ymd | End_ymd | Minerals | Area(sb) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EL1079 | CRA EXPLORATION | 19781001 | 19820110 | Cu Pb Zn Ag Mo | 64 |
| EL1465 | NEWMONT HOLDINGS | 19801001 | 19811001 | Sn W | 247 |
| EL1689 | CRA EXPLORATION | 19810810 | 19841001 | Pb Zn AgAu Sn | 64 |
| EL1908 | ABERFOYLE LIMITED | 19800901 | 19830901 | Sn | 425 |
| EL2015 | CRA EXPLORATION | 19830401 | 19841001 | Cu Pb Zn Sn Au | 6 |
| EL2086 | SELTRUST MINING CORP | 19830901 | 19850901 | Sn | 238 |
| EL3229 | TJ & PV NUNAN | 19881101 | 19900928 | Pb Zn Ag Au Sb | 24 |
| EL6239 | SILVER MINES LIMITED | 20040517 | 20140722 | As Pb Ag Zn Au | 10 |
| EL6431 | AUSTRALIA ORIENTAL MINERALS | 20050610 | 20110609 | Sn W Mo Bi Cu Pb AgZn | 29 |
| EL6772 | SILVER MINES LIMITED | 20070508 | 20120404 | Ag Base Metals | 35 |
Table 7: Exploration Licences covering EL8933
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CRA Exploration
Significant exploration programs were completed by CRA Exploration (EL1079, EL1689, EL2015) (Figure 12), primarily on the Wellingrove, Tangoa and Webbs Consols prospects (English, 1979b; Matthias, 1982), including:
-
Geological mapping
-
Stream sediment, rock chip & soil sampling
-
Ground magnetics & IP geophysics surveys
-
Open hole percussion and diamond drilling (Figure 12)
-
Downhole IP & EM
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Figure 12: EL8933, CRA ELs and drillholes
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CRA initially believed that the Webbs Consols occurrence occurred in an acid volcanic sequence, rather than within porphyry and granite intrusives, and targeted volcanogenic massive sulphide mineralisation. However, subsequent geological mapping determined that the mineralisation consists of hydrothermal vein-filling systems localised by structures post-dating the felsic intrusive bodies (Cotton, 1984).
CRA concluded that stream sediment sampling was very effective in locating Pb-Zn mineralisation. Dipoledipole IP gave consistently good chargeability anomalies in the vicinity of mineralisation, but magnetics and EM methods were ineffective (Cotton, 1984).
CRA undertook extensive soil, rock chip and stream sediment sampling over the Wellingrove and Tangoa prospect areas. However, their data were recorded on maps with limited location reference points and assay results were recorded on hand-written ledgers. These data have not been compiled into the GSNSW geochemical database.
Silver Mines Limited
Silver Mines Limited (‘SML’) (EL6239, EL6772) (Figure 13) concentrated on testing the Webbs Consols occurrence (James, 2007; Elliott, 2008), including:
-
RC drilling (8 drillholes, totalling 734m) (Table 8, Figure 13)
-
IP geophysics (Figure 16, Figure 17)
-
3D modelling of the Webbs Consols, Wellingrove and Tangoa occurrences (Figure 22)
SML proposed additional drilling for all three main prospects on EL6239, but financial commitments on their Webbs Silver project (located approximately 17km NE of Webbs Consols and outside the area of EL8933) curtailed any further work. A review of the exploration potential conducted by Burke Geoscience in 2009 recommended two conceptual exploration targets at Tangoa South and Tangoa Southwest, both of which occur at the intersections of major fault zones (Figure 11) (Burke, 2009).
Exploration on EL6772, which surrounded EL6239, was restricted to literature reviews and minor rock chip geochemistry of mine dump material. There were no significant results.
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Figure 13: EL8933, SML ELs and drillholes
Other Companies
Other companies that held ELs over parts of EL8933, including Aberfoyle, Newmont, Seltrust and Australia Oriental Minerals, were primarily interested in granite-hosted tin mineralisation and, apart from stream sediment sampling that did not return any significant results, did very little exploration within the area of EL8933.
7.3. MINERALISATION STYLES
The main mineral occurrences within EL8933 are considered to be hydrothermal vein-type mineralisation forming several elongate pods or lenses that are discontinuous along a total strike extent of approximately 5km (Cotton, 1984) (Photo 2).
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Photo 2: Webbs Consols mineralisation, sample from mine dump
Scale in centimetres
Mineralisation occurs in steeply dipping pipe-like bodies and veins that have formed along the intersection of the main north-south shear zones and northeast-trending en echelon cross-fractures (James, 2007). At Webbs Consols, the host rocks are a silica-rich, fractionated, I-type leucogranite (Webbs Consols Leucogranite) and quartz porphyry that have intruded Late Permian Emmaville Volcanics and undifferentiated Early Permian clastic sediments (James, 2007). The Wellingrove-Tangoa line of lode is located along the eastern margin of a block of undifferentiated sediments (Cotton, 1984).
The Webbs Consols occurrence shows vertical zonation, with galena-arsenopyrite in the upper levels grading into sphalerite-chalcopyrite at the 60m level (Phipps, 1956). Fluid inclusion studies indicated a temperature of formation of 250°- 400°C (Brown & Stroud, 1997). Sulphur isotope studies indicated that the mineralisation had a magmatic source.
7.4. GEOLOGICAL MAPPING
Geological mapping by CRA Exploration was aimed initially at defining prospective volcanic host rocks for VMS style deposits. However, later studies (including a mapping program in conjunction with a BSc
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Honours student from University of New England, S Meldrum (cited in Cotton, 1984) established that the Webbs Consols host rocks were sheared intrusive rocks and that mineralisation was localised along the intersection of the main shear and cross-cutting faults. The Webbs Consols line of lode, which includes the Lucky Lucy, Bartons Quarry and Mt Galena occurrences, and the Wellingrove-Tangoa line of lode were interpreted as hydrothermal-type vein filling mineralisation.
7.5. SURFACE GEOCHEMISTRY
CRA’s stream sediment sampling was mainly in drainages located within the southern half of EL8933. They concluded that the sampling was very effective in locating Pb-Zn mineralisation (Figure 14). All Pb and Zn anomalies were shown to be draining areas of altered porphyry similar to those hosting mineralisation in the main prospects (Cotton, 1984).
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Figure 14: EL8933, historical stream sediment results – Pb (ppm)
CRA conducted grid soil sampling along several local grids over the Wellingrove, Tangoa and Tangoa West Prospects (Cotton, 1984). Unfortunately, the sample location plans contain insufficient reference points to enable them to be georeferenced in a standard map datum and assay results were presented in exploration reports as hand-written sample ledgers. Compilation into a digital database has not been undertaken. Only minor Pb-Zn anomalies were defined by the soil sampling, mostly on single lines (English, 1979b; English, 1981a).
SML undertook limited soil sampling over the northern extension of the Lucky Lucy prospect during 2008 (70 samples). The results showed encouraging values, with several samples recording >400ppm Pb, suggesting a north-trending extension of the mineralisation (Elliott, 2009). They also collected 17 rock chip
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samples, seven of which returned significant assays for silver, lead, zinc and copper (Figure 15). The annual report did not describe the sampling methodology, but it is assumed to have been selective sampling of visible mineralisation / veining.
Lode Resources collected 20 rock chip samples from the Webbs Consols project area during 2020, mostly from the Lucky Lucy prospect and extensions to the north (Figure 15). Of the 20 samples, 14 reported assays greater than 0.1% lead and 3 reported assays greater than 1% lead, with associated high silver (> 20 ppm Ag) and arsenic (up to 7% As) values. Details of the sampling are not available, but they are assumed to have been selective sampling of visible mineralisation / veining.
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Figure 15: Lucky Lucy northern extension, soil & rock chip sampling
7.6. GEOPHYSICS
CRA completed Induced Polarisation (IP), Electromagnetics (EM) and magnetics surveys over several grids covering the Webbs Consols, Wellingrove and Tangoa Prospects. Dipole-dipole IP gave consistently good
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chargeability anomalies in the vicinity of mineralisation, but magnetics and EM methods were ineffective (Cotton, 1984).
SML completed IP surveys covering the main Webbs Consols line of lode and areas to the north (Figure 16, Figure 17). The first phase of the program identified several discreet chargeability anomalies outside of known zones of mineralisation. Interpretation of the modelled data defined two main zones of anomalous chargeability response up to five times background and two lesser anomalies (James, 2007). These anomalies may reflect zones of alteration containing disseminated sulphides. The northeasterly trend of the Lucky Lucy Anomaly 1 is unusual as it is oblique to the dominant N-S and NW-SE structures in the area (McClatchie, 2005).
Modelling of the IP data has been undertaken by Lode Resources. Chargeability and apparent resistivity profiles along Line 1400N, through the middle of the Lucky Lucy Anomaly 1, indicate a broad near surface zone (Figure 17).
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Figure 16: Silver Mines IP anomalies
Source: Modified from Elliott, 2008; Grid coordinates not shown on original map
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Figure 17: Modelled IP Chargeability (top) and Apparent Resistivity (bottom) on Line 1400N
Source: Lode Resources
7.7. DRILLING
Drilling programs on the Webbs Consol Prospect are detailed in Table 8 and shown in Figure 18, with CRA drillhole collars in red and SML drilling in blue.
CRA Exploration
CRA completed several drilling programs on the Webbs Consols, Wellingrove and Tangoa Prospects (Table 8). Apart from the diamond drillholes, the other drillholes are referred to in the CRA reports as “percussion drilling”.
Summary drillhole assay intervals, derived from the CRA reports, are listed in Table 9. The one diamond drillhole that targeted the down-dip extension of the Webbs Consols occurrence (DDH 79WC1) intersected only a 0.5m width of disseminated sphalerite and chalcopyrite mineralisation. However, this drillhole may have missed the lode extension as mine records state that the mineralisation in the lower levels of the occurrence (at the 190’ / 60m Level) dips steeply (~75°) to the west (Figure 19) (Phipps, 1956).
At the Wellingrove prospect, percussion and diamond core drilling intersected shallow low-grade base metal mineralisation with a deeper intersection in the diamond core drillhole 78WPC6 (Figure 20) (English, 1979b).
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| HOLE_ID | East MGA20 |
North MGA20 |
RL | Azim MGA20 |
Dip | Length (m) |
Prospect | Type | Year drilled |
EL No. | Company |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 78WP1 | 353802 | 6734714 | 786 | 293 | -60 | 42 | Wellingrove | OP | 1978 | EL1079 | CRA |
| 78WP2 | 353848 | 6734847 | 783 | 292 | -60 | 38 | Wellingrove | OP | 1978 | EL1079 | CRA |
| 78WP3 | 353891 | 6735044 | 781 | 291 | -60 | 50 | Wellingrove | OP | 1978 | EL1079 | CRA |
| 78WPC4 | 353899 | 6735148 | 775 | 283 | -53.5 | 50 | Wellingrove | OP | 1978 | EL1079 | CRA |
| 78WPC5 | 353942 | 6735400 | 763 | 286 | -60 | 50 | Wellingrove | OP | 1978 | EL1079 | CRA |
| 78WPC6 | 353931 | 6734772 | 791 | 291 | -65 | 237.7 | Wellingrove | OP/DD | 1978 | EL1079 | CRA |
| 79WC1 | 352569 | 6736342 | 779 | 292 | -60 | 241.9 | Webbs Consols | DD | 1979 | EL1079 | CRA |
| PD80W7 | 353978 | 6735493 | 760 | 291 | -60 | 83 | Wellingrove | OP | 1980 | EL1079 | CRA |
| PD80W8 | 353807 | 6735773 | 754 | 291 | -60 | 53 | Wellingrove | OP | 1980 | EL1079 | CRA |
| PD80W9 | 353612 | 6734680 | 802 | 291 | -60 | 23 | Wellingrove | OP | 1980 | EL1079 | CRA |
| DD81W10 | 353869 | 6735963 | 747 | 291 | -45 | 187 | Wellingrove | DD | 1981 | EL1079 | CRA |
| PD80T1 | 353754 | 6733155 | 846 | 286 | -60 | 83 | Tangoa | OP | 1980 | EL1689 | CRA |
| PD80T2 | 353702 | 6733162 | 847 | 281 | -60 | 41 | Tangoa | OP | 1980 | EL1689 | CRA |
| PD80T3 | 353708 | 6733059 | 845 | 283 | -60 | 59 | Tangoa | OP | 1980 | EL1689 | CRA |
| PD80T4 | 353762 | 6733307 | 841 | 281 | -60 | 107 | Tangoa | OP | 1980 | EL1689 | CRA |
| PD80T5 | 353746 | 6733115 | 846 | 281 | -60 | 95 | Tangoa | OP | 1980 | EL1689 | CRA |
| DD80T6 | 353826 | 6733145 | 842 | 281 | -53 | 252 | Tangoa | DD | 1980 | EL1689 | CRA |
| DD81T7 | 353826 | 6733145 | 842 | 281 | -55 | 3.3 | Tangoa | DD | 1981 | EL1689 | CRA |
| DD81T8 | 353829 | 6733196 | 841 | 281 | -55 | 217 | Tangoa | DD | 1981 | EL1689 | CRA |
| DD81T9 | 353817 | 6733248 | 841 | 281 | -55 | 205 | Tangoa | DD | 1981 | EL1689 | CRA |
| DD82T10 | 353926 | 6733233 | 834 | 281 | -62 | 426 | Tangoa | DD | 1982 | EL1689 | CRA |
| SML001 | 352483 | 6736453 | 762 | 291 | -59 | 102 | Webbs Consols | RC | 2006 | EL6239 | SML |
| SML002 | 352493 | 6736448 | 763 | 292 | -60 | 42 | Webbs Consols | RC | 2006 | EL6239 | SML |
| SML003 | 352495 | 6736447 | 763 | 289 | -77 | 42 | Webbs Consols | RC | 2006 | EL6239 | SML |
| RC004 | 352417 | 6736426 | 769 | 146 | -61 | 120 | Webbs Consols | RC | 2008 | EL6239 | SML |
| RC006 | 352436 | 6736374 | 771 | 030 | -68 | 128 | Webbs Consols | RC | 2008 | EL6239 | SML |
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| HOLE_ID | East MGA20 North MGA20 |
East MGA20 North MGA20 |
RL Azim MGA20 Dip Length (m) Prospect Type Year drilled |
RL Azim MGA20 Dip Length (m) Prospect Type Year drilled |
RL Azim MGA20 Dip Length (m) Prospect Type Year drilled |
RL Azim MGA20 Dip Length (m) Prospect Type Year drilled |
RL Azim MGA20 Dip Length (m) Prospect Type Year drilled |
RL Azim MGA20 Dip Length (m) Prospect Type Year drilled |
RL Azim MGA20 Dip Length (m) Prospect Type Year drilled |
EL No. Company |
EL No. Company |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RC008 | 352422 6736233 |
772 096 -36 90 Webbs Consols RC 2008 |
EL6239 SML |
||||||||
| RC009 | 352402 | 6736377 | 768 | 087 | -62 | 111 | Webbs Consols | RC | 2008 | EL6239 | SML |
| RC010 | 352697 6736540 |
753 314 -46 99 Webbs Consols RC 2008 |
EL6239 SML |
Table 8: Historical Drillholes on EL8933
Note: Collar coordinates converted from lat / longs in GSNSW database; RL values for CRA drillholes derived from Google Earth Type: OP = Open hole percussion; DD = Diamond core drillhole; RC = Reverse Circulation percussion Companies: CRA = CRA Exploration; SML = Silver Mines Limited
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| HOLE_ID | Prospect | Depth From |
Thickness (m) |
Pb % |
Zn % |
Ag **ppm ** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 78WP1 | Wellingrove | 16 | 2 | 1.0 | 0.95 | 6 |
| 78WP1 | Wellingrove | 26 | 2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 11 |
| 78WP2 | Wellingrove | 29 | 6 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 4 |
| 78WP3 | Wellingrove | 30 | 6 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 25 |
| 78WPC4 | Wellingrove | 46.5 | 2 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 22 |
| 78WPC6 | Wellingrove | 212 | 4 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 9 |
| PD80T2 | Tangoa | 53 | 30 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 13 |
| PD80T3 | Tangoa | 19 | 2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 8 |
| PD80T5 | Tangoa | 77 | 6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 6 |
| DD81T8 | Tangoa | 166 | 3.8 | 10.3 | 7.4 | 75 |
Table 9: CRA drilling, significant mineralisation intervals
Sources: English, 1979a, English, 1979b, Matthias, 1982 Note: Intervals not listed did not contain significant mineralisation
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Figure 18: Webbs Consols Prospect drilling with better grade intersections
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At the Wellingrove prospect, CRA’s RC and diamond core drilling intersected shallow low-grade base metal mineralisation with a deeper intersection in the diamond core drillhole 78WPC6 (Table 9, Figure 20) English, 1979b. While these results confirm the structural controls on the mineralisation, they do not appear to be significant from an economic point of view.
CRA concluded that the strike and depth limits of a small, massive Pb-Zn sulphide body at the Tangoa prospect had been confidently defined by drilling and downhole EM surveys (Figure 21) (Cotton, 1984). The best intervals of mineralisation were recorded in drillholes DD80T6 (30m @ 3.2% Pb, 3.4% Zn, 13 ppm Ag at the bottom of the drillhole) and DD81T8 (3.8m @ 10.3% Pb, 7.4% Zn, 75 ppm Ag) (Matthias, 1982).
Geos Mining believes that these results are worthy of additional exploration to try to determine downplunge extensions of the mineralisation.
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Figure 19: Cross-section of CRA drillhole 79WC1, looking north
Modified from English, 1979b
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Silver Mines Limited
SML’s initial drilling program in August 2006 consisted of three reverse circulation drillholes (totalling 186m) to test for possible northerly extensions of the Webbs Consols mineralisation and for possible supergene enrichment near the surface James, 2007. Assay results were generally poor, with better grade intersections rarely exceeding 1% Pb+Zn (Table 10, Figure 18). Follow-up drilling in 2008 (5 RC drillholes totalling 548m) also failed to intersect the main body of the Webbs Consols mineralisation.
SML’s 3D modelling of the Webbs Consols workings and drillhole traces illustrated that none of the drillholes had tested the plunge of the ore shoot (Figure 22) (Vukovic, 2012).
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Figure 20: Wellingrove Prospect drilling with significant intersections
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Figure 21: Tangoa Prospect drilling with significant intersections
| HOLE_ID | Prospect | Depth From |
Thickness (m) |
Pb % |
Zn % |
Ag **ppm ** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SML001 | Webbs Consols | 2 | 8 | 0.78 | 0.74 | 6.2 |
| SML003 | Webbs Consols | 33 | 8 | 0.54 | 0.63 | 4.8 |
| RC006 | Webbs Consols | 0 | 5 | 0.27 | 0.12 | 12.7 |
| RC008 | Webbs Consols | 69 | 2 | 0.22 | 0.31 | 5.0 |
Table 10: SML drilling, best mineralisation intervals
Sources: James, 2007, Elliott, 2008
Note: Intervals not listed did not contain significant mineralisation
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Figure 22: Webbs Consols 3D model, perspective view looking SE
Source: Vukovic, 2012
7.8. MINERAL RESOURCES
No Mineral Resources compliant with the JORC Code 2012 have been determined for mineral occurrences within EL8933.
The Metallogenic Study for the Inverell Metallogenic Map (SH/56-05) reported a small tonnage of Pb-Zn-Ag mineralisation at the Tangoa Prospect in a steeply-plunging pipe-like body confined in a N-S trending shear Brown & Stroud, 1997. Due to doubts as to how the tonnage and average grades were determined, we do not consider that this tonnage-grade estimate would meet the requirements of the JORC Code 2012.
7.9. POTENTIAL
EL8933 holds potential for discovery and definition of several hydrothermal vein-style silver + base metal (Pb-Zn-Cu) (+ gold) mineralisation forming high-grade sulphide bodies along the junctions of north-trending and northwest-trending structures. Previous mining and exploration have located several discreet bodies along the two main lines of lode: Webbs Consols-Lucky Lucy-Mount Galena, and Wellingrove-Tangoa. Drilling programs by CRA and Silver Mines were designed to test along-strike extensions and failed to intersect the postulated steeply plunging bodies.
The main bodies of mineralisation show strong structural control. Two zones identified by Burke, 2009, are interpreted to occur at the intersections of major structures (Figure 11), but are overlain by Tertiary basalt, and so have probably not been tested by previous exploration. We have named these prospects Tangoa West and Tangoa South, respectively.
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Other targets worthy of testing are:
-
IP anomalies north of Lucky Lucy, with high grade (Pb-Ag) rock chip samples
-
down-plunge extension of the Webbs Consols mineralisation
-
down-plunge extension of the Tangoa mineralisation.
Potential tonnages for individual deposits are likely to be small to medium. However, the anticipated high grades make the targets worthy of further exploration, especially if several deposits can be located within close proximity to each other.
7.10. RECOMMENDATIONS
Recommendations for exploration programs for EL8933 are:
-
Diamond drilling of the down-plunge extensions of the Webbs Consols mineralisation: 3-4 drillholes totalling ~800m; downhole IP if sufficient mineralisation intersected
-
Diamond drilling of the down-plunge extensions of the Tangoa mineralisation: 3-4 drillholes totalling ~800m; downhole IP if sufficient mineralisation intersected
-
If the CRA geophysics and geochemistry plans can be georeferenced, digital data entry of IP geophysics and geochemical sampling data
-
If required, additional IP surveys to firm up drilling targets in anomalous areas, including the Tangoa West and Tangoa South prospects, and the IP anomaly north of Lucky Lucy
-
Diamond drilling of targets defined by the data processing or additional IP surveys.
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8. Uralla Project (EL8980)
8.1. MINING HISTORY
Gold was discovered at Rocky River, west of Uralla, in September 1851; one of the earliest gold discoveries in the New England region. Further discoveries led to the development of a major alluvial goldfield by November 1852 (McQueen, 2017). Initial production came from shallow alluvial deposits, until the discovery of deep lead deposits beneath Tertiary basalt flows at Mount Jones in 1856. Occurrences of lode gold mineralisation were found in granite and felsic dykes around the Rocky River and worked from the early 1890s. From the early 1900s, dredging of old diggings was undertaken within the Uralla Goldfield. Total estimated gold production from the Rocky River goldfield was at least 4.3t Au (~140,000 ounces), mostly from deep leads (McQueen, 2017).
8.2. HISTORICAL EXPLORATION
Recent exploration has primarily targeted large, low-grade intrusion-related gold and tin-tungsten mineralisation. Significant exploration programs for Group 1 minerals are summarised in Table 11.
| Tenement | Company | Years | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| EL0204 | CRA EXPLORATION PTY LTD | 1969-1970 | Covers 80% of EL8980. Rock chip and stream sediment sampling (1969 samples)for Sn,W. |
| EL0327 | GULLIVER, E | 1970-1972 | Gold & base metal geochemical sampling at Reedy Creekprospect. |
| EL0338 | NICKEL MINES LIMITED | 1970-1971 | Covers only eastern third of EL8980. |
| EL1496 | BROKEN HILL METALS NL | 1980-1982 | Alluvialgold and deeplead search. Churn drilling. |
| EL2089 | KINEX PTY LIMITED | 1983-1988 | Small block includes Gwydir River alluvial gold prospect. Extensive pitting and costeaning. Preliminarymineplanning. |
| EL2387 | LOW, Thomas Ross | 1985-1990 | Mapping, soil & rock chip sampling Goldsworth mine area. No drilling – access denied Project Geoscience PtyLtd,1990. |
| EL4480 | URALLA GOLD PTY LTD | 1993-1993 | Brief look at alluvial/ deep lead potential. |
| EL4795 | CYPRUS GOLD AUSTRALIA CORPORATION |
1995-1997 | Stream sediment, soil & rock chip sampling Uralla Goldfield. |
| EL4886 | CYPRUS GOLD AUSTRALIA CORPORATION |
1995-1997 | Soil & rock chip sampling Uralla goldfield. |
| EL6219 | BANLONA PTY LIMITED | 2004-2006 | Soil, stream & rock chip sampling. Gold panning. |
| EL6483 | BIACIL HOLDINGS PTY LTD (SOVEREIGN GOLD COMPANY LIMITED) |
2005- 2019 | Assessment of alluvial gold occurrences. Drilling hard rock mineralisation at Martin Shaft, Frasers Find, Melvaines, Wilsons Creek, Gracie & Vickers prospects. Mapping, costeaning & rock chip & soil sampling. Airborne magnetics/radiometrics. |
| EL7700 | URALLA GOLD PTY LTD | 2013-2014 | Soil & rock chip sampling. |
Table 11: Previous Exploration Licences within the area of EL8980
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8.3. GEOLOGICAL SETTING
The EL8980 area lies within the Central Block of the New England Orogen (Figure 23). The main rock units consist of:
-
Sandon Beds (Upper Devonian - Carboniferous) - Low-grade, regionally metamorphosed, multiply deformed lithic wacke, paraconglomerate, siltstone, mudstone, minor chert, jasper, spilite.
-
Bundarra Supersuite (Early Permian) – S-type granite plutons, reduced, weakly fractionated.
-
Wandworths Volcanics (Late Permian) - Undifferentiated felsic volcanic rocks, minor sedimentary rocks and granite. Dominantly ignimbritic rhyolite, rhyodacite (some emplaced as a lava) and dark crystal-lithic tuff; minor dacite, andesite, trachyte; interbedded fine-grained sedimentary rocks
-
Yarrowyck Granodiorite (Late Permian – Early Triassic) - Weakly zoned, from medium-grained, biotitehornblende-(pyroxene) I-type granodiorite to fine-grained, leucocratic monzogranite.
-
Uralla Granodiorite (Late Permian – Early Triassic) - Grey, coarse-grained, approximately equigranular, biotite-hornblende-(pyroxene) I-type granodiorite, with minor monzogranite; finer-grained, porphyritic marginal variant.
-
Manuka Farm Porphyritic Microgranodiorite (Early Triassic) - Texturally heterogeneous, fine to medium-grained, commonly porphyritic possibly quartz-poor I-type granodiorite–quartz monzodiorite, ranging from pyroxene-dominant to hornblende-biotite dominant ferromagnesian assemblages.
-
Khatoun Tonalite (Early Triassic) - Medium-grained, equigranular hornblende-biotite-(pyroxene) I-type granodiorite to tonalite, and minor pyroxene tonalite; fine-grained, porphyritic chilled margin.
The Uralla Granodiorite, and associated minor plutons and felsic dykes, were emplaced in a tectonic setting that is composed of many elements of Reduced IRGS deposits and are believed to be responsible for auriferous mineralisation systems within the Uralla Goldfield (Leu & Roberton, 2011). Characteristics diagnostic of an IRGS were also determined from petrographic studies and include anomalous bismuth, gold-bearing sheeted veins, sericitic alteration and tourmalinisation (Ashley, 2011). Ashley also noted that the nature of the alteration-mineralisation in the drill core samples studied illustrated affinities of the Uralla gold system with both orogenic and intrusion-related systems.
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Figure 23: EL8980 Geological Setting and hard rock Mineral Deposits
Red outline = EL9087 Uralla West
8.4. MINERALISATION STYLES
The NSW mineral occurrence database NSW Government Spatial Services, 2020 records a total of 26 historical workings within the area covered by EL8980 (Figure 23). All are small in size and comprise a mix of underground shafts and drives, small open pits and gougings. Primary commodities sought have been gold ± copper ± manganese.
Previous explorers have commented on aspects of these occurrences, although we note that most early exploration programs were focussed on the alluvial and deep lead gold workings.
Sovereign Gold Company Limited determined that many of the hard rock occurrences have characteristics diagnostic of reduced Intrusive Related Gold Systems (IRGS), analogous to the Tintina Gold Province of Alaska and Yukon ( Leu, 2010):
-
Located inboard of a convergent plate boundary
-
Intrusions emplaced after the principal orogen-forming events into the accretionary deformed trench complex metasedimentary rocks and overlying volcanics
-
Late Permian to Early Triassic tectonism in a tensional tectonic setting, with several related thermal events.
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Figure 24 shows a zonation model of reduced Intrusion-Related Gold Systems with Sovereign Gold’s interpreted positions of the various prospects within EL8980 and other significant occurrences. The diagram was taken from Leu & Roberton, 2011, which was a modification from Lang, et al., 2000.
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Figure 24: Reduced Intrusion-Related Gold System model
Source: Leu & Robertson, 2011
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8.5. PROSPECTS
ROCKY RIVER - URALLA ALLUVIALS
Alluvial and deep lead occurrences were worked for gold in the 1880s (Harrington, et al., 1972) and apparently almost 4,000 miners were present in the period 1856 to 1895. In 1856, output was reportedly 40,000 ounces gold, although this rapidly reduced in subsequent years (Gentle, 1982). The first deep lead was discovered in 1856 at what is now known as Mt Jones and led to further discoveries at Mt Welsh (Cozens, 1985). Numerous shafts were sunk through the basalt into the leads with adits driven on the gravels from the hillsides (Gentle, 1982). Recent alluvial deposits comprise variable size gravels, cobbles and boulders, whereas deep leads comprise sands and gravels at the base of overlying Tertiary basalts. Most occur in the Rocky River with lesser amounts in the Wilson’s Creek and Cabbage Tree Gully (Project Geoscience Pty Ltd, 1988). In 1900 a dredge was set up, with returns reported in 1905 as “4 oz 3 dwt 19 gr Au/ton sand” (~130 g/t Au) and “6 dwt 20 gr Ag/ton” (~12 g/t Ag) (Cozens, 1985). However, Tucker, 1996, reported that dredging of the Gwydir River during the periods 1900-1902, 1910-1914 and 1929-1933 “ appears to have been financially unsuccessful ”.
Project Geoscience Pty Ltd, 1988, noted that remobilised alluvials have been mined at Mt Welsh and Post Office Gully. They also quoted results from Broken Hill Metals NL, whose testing “indicated 100,000 to 200,000 tonne of eluvial material with a significant number of drill samples returning 0.1-0.6g gold per cubic metre”. Leu, 2006, commented that the gold sourced from the Uralla Goldfield, including exhumed Tertiary deep leads, has undergone dilution with barren sediments in depositional sites in the vicinity of the Rocky River/ Gwydir River junction resulting in grades that were not likely to be economic to recover (pre2006).
The source of the alluvial/ eluvial/ deep lead gold is enigmatic, with explorers such as Tucker, 1996, expressing the view that “the lode-type deposits are considered to be too small to be the source of the alluvial gold”.
HARD-ROCK MINES
By 1895, several quartz reefs had been discovered and were being worked (Cozens, 1985). Some workers considered that hard-rock mineralisation in the area “is very small and consists chiefly of narrow quartz lodes (carrying pyrite ± stibnite ± arsenopyrite and gold)” (Tucker, 1996).
Collectively, the data indicates the existence of a substantial intrusion-related gold system (Leu & Murphy, 2008). This interpretation allowed Sovereign Gold to greatly expand its exploration focus and develop a genetic model for the various local mineralisation styles observed within EL8980 (Figure 24).
Exploration by Sovereign Gold showed that most of the major hard rock gold mines plot on a magnetic linear feature several kilometres long (Figure 25) and that many gold occurrences are linked to highly fractionated minor plutons and quartz-exsolved felsic dykes.
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Figure 25: Regional Magnetics with Linear Structures & Mineral Occurrences in EL8980
EL9087 in red outline; Outline of major geological units in yellow; Tertiary basalt in orange stipple
GOLDSWORTH MINE
The GSNSW mineral occurrences database describes the Goldsworth Mine as shafts and underground drives over a 200m length trending NE. “Discovered by N Crapp in 1895, the workings comprised two drive levels, at 56m and 89m depths. Total length of drives approximately 200m. Width of workings approximately 30m. Two underlay shafts developed east of the main shaft. Production by the Goldworth Syndicate (1911), the Goldworth Gold Mines Ltd (1911-1914), Robert Evan (1911-1913), F Krippner (19111913), W J Roberts (1911-1915), Wheeler and party (1918)”. The mineralisation was described in the GSNSW mineral occurrences database as “crustified thin veinlets in highly altered granite with sericitized feldspars and ferromagnesians. Sulphides introduced into alteration zone flanking veins. Pyrite and minor stibnite and arsenopyrite in veins and also between veins. Some crustified veins are vughy. Thicker veins enclose fragments of altered granite. Veins either of magmatic hydrothermal origin or derived from metahydrothermal fluids. Quartz vein in monzogranite”.
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The main shaft in this mine reached a depth of 90m with levels cut at 60m and 90m depth. The lode averaged 1.3m width and was driven on for 152m (Gentle, 1982). Recorded production was 5.98kg gold (~193 ounces gold) with minor amounts of stibnite (antimony sulphide mineral) and arsenopyrite (arsenic sulphide mineral) (Jordt, 1988). The potential of this prospect was recognised by Tucker, 1996a, who considered that the prospect had not been drill tested and warranted further exploration.
The Goldsworth Mine and Vickers Prospect both occur on the regional magnetic linear known as the ‘Old Bonanza Dyke’ (Figure 25). It is potentially a major regional conduit for late-stage gold-bearing fluids and potential exists for other gold occurrences similar to those previously discovered. Significantly, the mineralise material in waste dumps of the Goldsworth Mine consists of close spaced (10-40mm), narrow (up to 10-20mm wide), ferruginous/sulphidic quartz veins in granite with disseminated mineralisation between veins. Magmatically emplaced late stage gold within the carapace of a pluton is a classic, diagnostic IRGS characteristic.
VICKERS PROSPECT
Vickers Prospect is located along a major NE-trending structure, termed the ‘Bonanza Dyke’, 1.85km northeast of the gold mineralisation at Martins Shaft. Seven shallow reverse circulation drillholes were completed by Sovereign Gold at Vickers Prospect with the depth of most holes ranging from 51-69 metres. All holes intersected widespread phyllic alteration and some anomalous gold. Mineralisation is associated with the long conduit of the main magnetic linear. Anomalous gold was encountered in some intervals of the other holes associated with silica flooding and variable sulphides (pyrite dominant, lesser arsenopyrite) and alteration veining.
HUDSON’S PROSPECT
The Hudson’s Prospect is located along the Bonanza Dyke to the south of Vickers Prospect.
The Hudson’s workings are described in the GSNSW mineral occurrences database as “three shafts over a length of 70m, in Sandon Beds. Northernmost shaft has been bulldozed in. Line of Lode offset to the west from the Gracie and Little Gracie workings approximately 400m north. Shafts sunk on hornfelsed creamy white, moderately fractured quartzites that are slightly Fe stained and gossanous on larger partings after sulphides” (MinView, 2017).
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Photo 3: Mineralisation at Hudson’s prospect
GRACIE / LITTLE GRACIE
The Gracie mine was referred to between the years 1897 to 1913, although Gentle, 1982, observed “no evidence of extensive underground workings”. The occurrence appears to be a “more traditional quartz vein type in altered sediments with workings extending over 100m” (Gentle, 1982).
The GSNSW mineral occurrences database (MinView, 2017) describes the Gracie / Little Gracie workings as “a series of shafts over 200m along N-S direction. Worked to at least 20m along vein striking 023° dipping 84° W. Another shaft sunk on vein striking 010°, dipping subvertically E. Another shaft sunk on vein striking 013°, dipping 81° E. The two mines seem to occur at the junction of a northerly trending granite dyke, shear zone and possible cross fault trending 060°. There is euhedral pyrite mineralization in medium to coarse-grained quartzites in the mine area”.
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Photo 4: Gracie Prospect workings
MARTIN’S SHAFT
Gentle, 1982, reported that the mine’s namesake developed a “low grade auriferous dyke-like formation” with the “load [sic] 25 feet in width at the 50 foot level”. The historical workings consisted of a shaft to 30m depth sunk (now filled in) on sheeted quartz-sulphide-carbonate veins within a granitic dyke with a siliceous margin.
The mineralised vein system strikes 070° and dips steeply to the south. The individual veins range up to 0.6m width, but average around 0.15m.
It has been interpreted that the dyke acted as a brittle host rock that enabled intrusion of magmatic goldbearing fluids. Associated sulphide mineralisation consists of pyrite, arsenopyrite and stibnite (Leu, et al., 2012).
WILSON’S CREEK
The mineralisation at Wilson’s Creek is associated with a shear zone breccia. A series of pits/shallow shafts on this structure establishes that it is at least 660 metres long. The main mineralised shear zone extends
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through metasediments of the Sandon Beds and also impacts some late-stage porphyritic quartz microdiorite dykes.
FRASER’S FIND
These workings extended to 20m depth over a presumed length of ~100m, following a 0.6-0.9m wide quartz vein containing a 23-37cm wide auriferous arsenic-rich lode. Only 6t ore was mined with grades ranging from 27g/t Au to 222g/t Au (Jordt, 1988). Apparently, the refractory nature of the mineralisation hampered recovery of the gold as evidenced by a sample taken by the Department of Mineral Resources that assayed 81g/t gold, 392g/t silver, 1% lead and 19% arsenic (Jordt, 1988). Later investigation by Sovereign Gold concluded that the mineralised structure extends for more than 250m after the company located the ‘lost’ Fraser’s Find shaft. The mineralisation consists of a central high-grade gold-bearing vein within altered Uralla Granodiorite that hosts further, juxtaposed disseminated mineralisation (Leu, et al., 2012).
DIGGERS SHAFT
Sovereign Gold located a previously unrecorded mine shaft 1km southwest from Fraser’s Find. Samples of sheeted veins collected from waste piles beside Diggers Shaft assayed up to 2.39ppm gold, 3.76oz/t (117ppm) silver and 0.85% lead (Leu, et al., 2012). The minerals pyrite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite and tourmaline were noted at the waste pile surrounding the shaft.
MCCROSSIN’S WORKINGS
The McCrossin’s workings (sometimes referred to as the Hudson’s-McCrossin’s workings) were developed on narrow (most <15mm wide) sheeted veins within a disseminated mineralised system. Several shafts and pits occur over a strike length of 600m (Jordt, 1988). Investigations and sampling by Sovereign Gold indicated that the controlling structure (including Suey’s Claim) has a strike length of 900 metres and a mineralised width of at least from 25–65m in places. They also reported the discovery of late stage, felsic dykes with disseminated sulphide, essentially identical to that collected from waste dumps at Martin’s Shaft (Leu, 2010).
SUEY’S CLAIM
Suey’s Claim consists of an up to 1 metre wide felsite dyke that contained grades up to 2.1 oz/ton gold (65 g/t Au). It also contained bunches of high grade stibnite up to 1.5 metres high x 0.38 metres wide x 3 metres long. These workings are possibly part of a significant mineralised structure and the considerable strike length provides a large target for the discovery of bulk open pittable sheeted vein gold mineralisation.
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8.6. SURFACE GEOCHEMISTRY
REGIONAL SAMPLING
Preskome Pty Ltd completed a panned concentrate survey in 1988 and returned evidence of heavy minerals at Rocky River (Jordt, 1988). The company also investigated the alluvial gold potential using hand augering followed by panning of the basal material to determine the qualitative nature of the mineralisation. The company reported fine gold in almost all samples with “two to seven counts per pan” (Project Geoscience Pty Ltd, 1988).
Stream sediment sampling carried out by Cyprus Gold in 1996 highlighted the area between Wilson’s Creek, Martin’s Shaft and Gracie Mine but the company appeared to dismiss the results as “the product of known vein-type mineralisation in the area” and no follow up was reported (Tucker, 1996).
Paradigm Gold completed stream sediment, soil and rock chip sampling surveys and of note is the occurrence of gold anomalous samples just east of Jackson’s Gully on the boundary of EL8980. Here, rock chip silcrete samples returned 0.12ppm gold and 0.25ppm gold (Rowley, et al., 2005).
URALLA PROSPECTS
Several geochemical programs have been conducted over individual prospects surrounding historical workings within EL8980. Details of the results of the programs are discussed in the following sections. Of note, many rock chip samples have returned high grade gold values, with associated high arsenic values, and these are tabulated in Table 12.
| SAMPLE ID |
East MGA94 |
North MGA94 |
Prospect | Au **ppm ** |
Ag **ppm ** |
As **ppm ** |
Company |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R43 348919 6611437 Diggers 2.60 114.0 10,000 Lode |
|||||||
| S216 | 348919 | 6611433 | Diggers | 2.39 | 114.0 | 31,300 | Sovereign Gold |
| S217 348919 6611433 Diggers 2.00 110.0 24,700 Sovereign Gold |
|||||||
| S218 | 348919 | 6611433 | Diggers | 2.06 | 117.0 | 26,600 | Sovereign Gold |
| S219 348919 6611433 Diggers 1.42 23.8 31,500 Sovereign Gold |
|||||||
| S221 | 348919 | 6611433 | Diggers | 1.67 | 4.7 | 33,400 | Sovereign Gold |
| FF5A 349554 6612104 Fraser’s 21.10 1110.0 172,000 Sovereign Gold |
|||||||
| FF5B | 349554 | 6612104 | Fraser’s | 76.90 | 287.0 | 78,500 | Sovereign Gold |
| FF5C 349554 6612104 Fraser’s 18.10 214.0 107,000 Sovereign Gold |
|||||||
| FF5D | 349554 | 6612104 | Fraser’s | 20.40 | 265.0 | 168,500 | Sovereign Gold |
| FF5E 349554 6612104 Fraser’s 17.85 340.0 122,500 Sovereign Gold |
|||||||
| FF5F | 349554 | 6612104 | Fraser’s | 24.90 | 333.0 | 129,500 | Sovereign Gold |
| FS3C 349594 6612128 Fraser’s 4.00 2.4 45,700 Sovereign Gold |
|||||||
| FS3D | 349594 | 6612128 | Fraser’s | 3.43 | 5.9 | 25,300 | Sovereign Gold |
| FS9B 349491 6612071 Fraser’s 2.11 12.2 36,900 Sovereign Gold |
|||||||
| R23 | 349669 | 6612160 | Fraser’s | 36.30 | 144.0 | 105,000 | Lode |
| R24 349593 6612127 Fraser’s 1.25 1.6 8,950 Lode |
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| SAMPLE ID |
East MGA94 |
North MGA94 |
Prospect | Au **ppm ** |
Ag **ppm ** |
As **ppm ** |
Company |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S581 | 349710 | 6612179 | Fraser’s | 75.20 | 1790.0 | 150,000 | Sovereign Gold |
| R28 347587 6611097 Gracie 8.03 1.4 9,470 Lode |
|||||||
| R4 | 347587 | 6611098 | Gracie | 5.29 | 0.5 | 6,880 | Lode |
| R52 347685 6611110 Gracie 6.38 0.3 7,020 Lode |
|||||||
| R54 | 347656 | 6611108 | Gracie | 4.12 | 0.6 | 6,250 | Lode |
| S580 347879 6610937 Gracie 1.03 4.0 4,950 Sovereign Gold |
|||||||
| H12 | 347747 | 6611595 | Hudson’s | 1.12 | 19.0 | 3,150 | Sovereign Gold |
| H16 347935 6611752 Hudson’s 3.78 79.3 43,100 Sovereign Gold |
|||||||
| R35 | 347925 | 6611725 | Hudson’s | 2.84 | 22.0 | 18,300 | Lode |
| R36 347777 6611452 Hudson’s 2.73 0.3 5,600 Lode |
|||||||
| R37 | 347777 | 6611455 | Hudson’s | 2.03 | 1.0 | 5,740 | Lode |
| R39 347773 6611459 Hudson’s 5.06 2.5 10,550 Lode |
|||||||
| R40 | 347771 | 6611465 | Hudson’s | 6.31 | 1.5 | 4,960 | Lode |
| R55 347771 6611416 Hudson’s 4.29 0.5 6,960 Lode |
|||||||
| R57 | 347810 | 6611441 | Hudson’s | 1.34 | 0.3 | 2,310 | Lode |
| S26A 347927 6611728 Hudson’s 4.74 41.4 45,700 Sovereign Gold |
|||||||
| S26B | 347927 | 6611728 | Hudson’s | 3.30 | 44.1 | 51,600 | Sovereign Gold |
| S26C 347927 6611728 Hudson’s 1.16 7.1 8,680 Sovereign Gold |
|||||||
| S26D | 347927 | 6611728 | Hudson’s | 2.92 | 31.8 | 24,400 | Sovereign Gold |
| S2965296 347775 6611462 Hudson’s 7.58 3.1 16,200 Sovereign Gold |
|||||||
| S344 | 347921 | 6611712 | Hudson’s | 1.14 | 3.1 | 3,300 | Sovereign Gold |
| S345 347923 6611719 Hudson’s 1.11 4.9 3,910 Sovereign Gold |
|||||||
| S540X8 | 347837 | 6611734 | Hudson’s | 2.90 | 12.7 | 8,900 | Sovereign Gold |
| S572 351702 6613861 Jackson’s 1.47 0.1 1,130 Sovereign Gold |
|||||||
| S574 | 351686 | 6613840 | Jackson’s | 1.04 | 0.0 | 641 | Sovereign Gold |
| MM1 351590 6608191 Melvaine’s 2.12 0.8 1,185 Sovereign Gold |
|||||||
| S414 | 351590 | 6608191 | Melvaine’s | 13.75 | 5.2 | 2,580 | Sovereign Gold |
| S415 351590 6608191 Melvaine’s 1.30 1.0 452 Sovereign Gold |
|||||||
| S587 | 351590 | 6608191 | Melvaine’s | 3.69 | 2.0 | 473 | Sovereign Gold |
| S591 351590 6608191 Melvaine’s 1.10 1.6 87 Sovereign Gold |
Table 12: Significant rock chip samples from area of EL8980
Note: Samples not listed did not return significant assay results
GOLDSWORTH MINE
Preskome carried out detailed rock chip sampling at the Goldsworth Mine and outlined several gold anomalous trends subparallel to the main line of workings (Verbruggen, 1989).
Sovereign Gold (Leu, 2010) noted that both the Goldsworth Mine and Vickers Prospect occur along a distinctive magnetic linear (Figure 25) that is potentially a major regional conduit for late-stage gold-
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bearing fluids. Sampling of the waste dumps of the Goldsworth Mine indicated close spaced (10-40mm), narrow (up to 10-20mm wide), ferruginous/sulphidic quartz veins in granite with disseminated mineralisation between veins. Selective rock chip sampling (9 samples) of these sheeted veins returned high grade gold and silver values, up to 6.78ppm Au and 5.9ppm Ag (coincident sample) and 25.5ppm silver, 1.1% zinc and 0.89% lead (coincident sample from “Goldsworth Mine Area”, but sample location coordinates were not recorded) (Leu, 2010).
In 2015, Sovereign Gold conducted a grid soil sampling program over the Goldsworth Mine zone. Anomalous gold values appear to parallel the trend of the ‘Bonanza Dyke’ magnetic anomaly, with a sinistral offset of around 150m across a NW-trending structure (Figure 26).
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Figure 26: Goldsworth Mine, drillholes, soil sampling & major structures
VICKERS PROSPECT
Rock chip sampling by Sovereign Gold returned some anomalous values including 4.74ppm Au & 41.4ppm Ag in one sample and 3.3ppm Au & 44.1ppm Ag in another sample, both in sheeted ferruginous quartz veins (Leu, 2010). Of the ten samples collected, five returned gold values >1ppm Au and silver values >5ppm Ag. However, these results are likely to be from selective mineralised samples and are not regarded as being representative of the grade of the mineralisation in general.
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HUDSON’S PROSPECT
Close-spaced (20m x 10m) soil sampling by Sovereign Gold during 2012 identified scattered weakly anomalous gold values (>50ppb Au) (Figure 28) that were not followed up. Rock chip sampling by Sovereign Gold returned gold assays up to 7.58ppm Au and silver assays up to 79ppm Ag. Details of the sampling was not reported, although it is likely that they were selective samples of visible mineralisation / veining.
Lode Resources have received assay results for 15 selective rock chip samples collected during 2020-21 from outcrops over a 350m strike extent closely associated with the Bonanza Dyke structure.
Nine of these samples returned assays > 1ppm Au (up to 6.38ppm Au), with associated elevated arsenic values (up to 1.83% As) and occasional elevated lead and zinc values (Figure 27). The lithologies are described as moderate to highly altered (silica / sericite / potassic) siltstone with a moderate amount of quartz veining and disseminated sulphides (trace to 3% arsenopyrite + pyrite). The widespread and pervasive alteration indicates that the mineralisation is not restricted to thin quartz veins, as had previously been interpreted.
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Figure 27: Hudson’s, Gracie, Diggers Shaft prospects, rock chip sampling
Includes samples collected by Sovereign Gold and Lode Resources
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GRACIE AND LITTLE GRACIE MINES
A gold-bearing sheeted vein system was discovered by Sovereign Gold (Leu, 2010) to the north-west of the main Gracie line of lode. Twenty-one rock chip sample results were reported, with better values including 3.08ppm Au & 6.5ppm Ag and 1.93ppm Au & 8.5ppm Ag, respectively in gossanous, quartz-sericite altered veins. The better results came from selected samples from waste dumps and outcropping gossanous sheeted veins and are not necessarily representative of the mineralisation in general.
Rock chip sampling undertaken by Lode during 2020-21 consisted of 19 samples collected from outcrops of quartz-iron oxide veined metasediments related to interpreted fault structures to the west of the Gracie workings. Significant grades included 8.03ppm Au, 6.38ppm Au and 4.12ppm Au (Figure 27). High gold grades are associated with elevated arsenic values (>1000ppm As).
MARTIN’S SHAFT
Sovereign Gold collected 16 rock chip samples from the Martin’s Shaft prospect during 2010. Sample locations were not presented in the report, other than stating that they were “samples of lithologies around collar of shaft” (Leu, 2010). In this regard, they can be regarded as selective samples of mineralised material and not necessarily representative of the overall mineralisation. It is not surprising, therefore, that the assays were quite high, up to 8.21ppm Au (only 7 samples assayed less than 1ppm Au). Most of them also contained significant arsenic grades, up to 3.5% As.
Lode Resources collected three rock chip samples from locations up to 540m south of Martin’s Shaft. There were no significant assay results.
WILSON’S CREEK SHAFT
Sovereign Gold reported high silver grades in association with gold and base metals at Wilson’s Creek Shaft (Leu, 2010). The company considered that brecciation and quartz flooding of hornfels indicates the mineralised structure is part of a fault/shear zone, but they also observed large areas of sheeted veins. Some of the better assays returned include 3.02ppm gold, 96ppm silver, 0.35% lead; 0.14ppm gold, 165ppm silver, 1.1% lead; 0.41ppm gold, 138ppm silver, 0.18% zinc, 0.65% lead. All samples are quartz veins with disseminated sulphides. These results came from selective rock samples collected from mine dumps and are not necessarily representative of the mineralisation in general.
The high Ag, Pb, Zn and Cu values (relative to other sheeted vein occurrences in the region) were interpreted to indicate that the Wilson’s Creek deposit was deposited distal to the causative pluton (Figure 9) (Leu, 2010).
FRASER’S FIND
Fraser’s Find shaft is located around 2.8km northeast of Martin’s Shaft. Sovereign Gold’s rock chip sampling program in 2012 returned very high-grade gold and silver values (Leu, et al., 2012) from selective samples of lode material comprising quartz-arsenopyrite-pyrite-galena. Values reported by Sovereign Gold included 76.9ppm Au, 287ppm Ag, 1.78% Pb; 21.1ppm Au, 1,110ppm Ag, 5.5% Pb, 0.24% Bi; and 24.9ppm
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Au, 333ppm Ag, 2.3% Pb from selective high-grade quartz-sulphide samples. These results are not regarded as being necessarily representative of the grade of the mineralisation in general.
Sugec Mining Co Pty Ltd (‘Sugec’, in joint venture with Sovereign Gold) conducted a close-spaced soil survey covering an area including Vickers Prospect, Fraser’s Find, Suey’s Claim and Martin’s Shaft and determined the Fraser’s Find area to be “a priority drill target”. Sovereign Gold highlighted a number of ‘spot highs’ for gold in close association with Fraser’s Find, McCrossin’s and several other areas (Leu, et al., 2015). However, Geos Mining’s review of the data does not show any significant trends or zones of gold anomalism at Fraser’s Find (Figure 28).
Consistently high metal values were returned for soil samples from the Hudson’s Prospect. We suspect that these results may be due to a batch effect reporting higher values in comparison to other sampling. However, check sampling is recommended.
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Figure 28: Sovereign Gold soil results – Fraser’s Find to Martin’s Shaft area
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MCCROSSIN’S – SUEY’S CLAIM STRUCTURE
Sovereign Gold collected rock samples from waste dumps at these old workings, returning anomalous gold and silver values up to 0.66ppm Au & 10.95ppm Ag (McCrossin’s) and 0.81ppm Au & 15.2ppm Ag (Suey’s Claim) (Leu, 2010). The better results came from selected samples of narrow mineralised veins and brecciated shear zones and are not necessarily representative of the mineralisation in general.
REEDY CREEK
A close-spaced soil survey was conducted by Sovereign Gold to replicate a soil survey carried out during the 1970s that returned anomalous gold values. It was hoped that these results could be used as a vector to the hard rock source of the alluvial gold recovered historically from Reedy Creek (Robertson, 2012). Sovereign Gold used a portable XRF analyser and recorded very high arsenic values that were partly reproduced following assay. However, only trace gold values were returned.
8.7. GEOPHYSICS
AIRBORNE MAGNETICS AND RADIOMETRICS
The GSNSW collected airborne magnetic and radiometric data over the Peel South project area in the Manilla-Armidale region. The survey was flown by Tesla Geophysics during 2001 using fixed-wing aircraft along 250m spaced E-W lines at a nominal 60m ground clearance. The objective of the survey was to facilitate the reinterpretation of geological units and structures bordering the Peel Fault (Brown, 2003). Processing of the data provided an excellent tool for bedrock geological interpretation (Figure 29), with the magnetics data distinguishing and differentiating some surface geological units. Many major fault and fractures were identified from the magnetic data (Brown, 2003).
Sovereign Gold commissioned a fixed wing magnetic and radiometric survey with 60m sensor height and 50m spaced lines covering 214km[2] , which included most of the area covered by EL8980 (Figure 30) (Leu & Roberton, 2011). Processed aeromagnetic data was presented as images in the Sovereign Gold Annual Report for EL7491 (Figure 30). Efforts should be made to obtain the entire data package, either from GSNSW, Thomson Aviation (the contractor) or from previous officers of Sovereign Gold who might still hold the data.
Interpretation of the data by Sovereign Gold indicated that the known mineral occurrences are coincident with magnetic cross-cutting linear structures. They considered that Martin’s Shaft, Little Gracie, Gracie, Wilson’s Creek and the Goldsworth Mine are all located on major magnetic linears and that significant drill targets occur where major magnetic lineaments intersect (Figure 31) (Leu, et al., 2012).
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Figure 29: Peel South airborne geophysics survey
Source: Brown, 2003
Top – First Vertical Derivative of Total Magnetic Intensity; Bottom – RGB radiometrics image
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Figure 30: Sovereign Gold’s 2011 aeromagnetic survey area over EL8980
Leu, et al., 2012 noted that coincident magnetic and radiometric anomalies define a small sub-circular structure up to 500 metres in diameter associated with radial structures containing the Fraser’s Find and Diggers Shaft gold mineralisation (Figure 31).
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Figure 31: Magnetic trends interpreted by Sovereign Gold
Source: Map created by Sovereign Gold (Leu, et al., 2012), with outlines of geological units in white
INDUCED POLARISATION SURVEYS
Lode Resources commissioned Fender Geophysics to undertake Induced Polarisation (IP) surveys over four project areas during 2020 (Clar, 2020). The surveys utilised a dipole-dipole array with dipole spacings of either 50m or 100m (Table 13, Figure 32). Grid lines over the McCrossin’s and Hudson’s prospects were oriented E-W across the regional strike. Grid lines over the Martin’s Shaft prospect were oriented N-S across the E-W strike of the felsic dyke that is believed to be associated with the mineralisation there. The single line of readings at Fraser’s Find was oriented NW-SE across the general trend of the historical workings.
Processing of the IP data was undertaken by Fender Geophysics (2D pseudosections) and by Newexco Exploration (2D and 3D inversion models) (Muthupandian, 2021).
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| Survey Specifications | |
|---|---|
| SurveyType | Induced Polarisation |
| ArrayType | Dipole-dipole |
| Receiver Dipole Length | 50 and 100m |
| Transmitter Dipole Length | 50 and 100m |
| Line Length | Various |
| Line Separation | Various |
| Number of Lines | 15 |
| Total Line km | 12.65km |
| Line Orientation | Various |
| Domain and Cycle | Time domain: 2 seconds/0.125Hz |
Table 13: Uralla IP survey specifications
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Figure 32: Uralla IP survey lines, prospects & drilling
The following interpretations were made from the IP results (Mayes, 2021):
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General Observations:
-
Good correlation between the historical gold workings and the IP chargeability anomalies
-
Good correlation between the As values in ??soil sampling and the IP chargeability anomalies
-
McCrossin’s (Figure 33):
-
good correlation between elevated potassium in the airborne radiometrics survey and IP chargeability anomalies
-
chargeability increasing to the south and remains open to the south
-
Martin’s Shaft (Figure 34):
-
Strong (and unexpected) IP chargeability anomaly at the southern end of the central Martin;s Shaft survey line
-
Modelled anomalies to the south and north of the historical drilling
-
Hudson’s (Figure 35):
-
Sections show a weak IP anomaly coincident with the Bonanza Dyke
-
A much stronger chargeability anomaly is coincident with historical workings on the Little Gracie trend, at the southern end of the survey area
-
Fraser’s Find (Figure 36):
-
Shows a moderately strong anomaly to the north west of the known workings that remains unexplained. This coincides with some stock yards so potential cultural effects need to be considered
-
a further anomaly at the very SE end of the line has not been fully resolved
==> picture [445 x 294] intentionally omitted <==
Figure 33: McCrossin’s prospect stacked IP pseudosections looking north
Source: Muthupandian, 2021
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Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
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==> picture [483 x 146] intentionally omitted <==
Figure 34: Martin’s Shaft prospect 3D IP inversion isosurfaces and drillholes, section looking west
==> picture [467 x 338] intentionally omitted <==
Figure 35: Hudson’s prospect stacked IP pseudosections looking north
Source: Muthupandian, 2021
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Geos Mining project 2849-01
==> picture [483 x 195] intentionally omitted <==
Figure 36: Fraser’s Find prospect IP pseudosection
Source: Clar, 2020; Note eastings based on local grid
8.8. DRILLING
Uralla Gold Pty Limited completed two shallow aircore drillholes totalling 54m to test alluvial material at the Sydney Flat Deep Lead. Results were disappointing and no further work was undertaken (Hetherington, 1995).
Sovereign Gold undertook several drilling programs on eight prospect areas within EL6483 between 2011 and 2015 (Table 14).
| HOLE_ID | East MGA94 |
North MGA94 |
RL (m) | Prospect | Dip | Azim | Length (m) |
Drill **Type ** |
Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 348650 6607865 Uralla Gold -90 0 36 AC 1994 |
|||||||||
| 15 | 348650 | 6607865 | Uralla Gold | -90 | 0 | 18 | AC | 1994 | |
| SGRDD001 347690 6610141 1013.7 Martin’s Shaft -62.1 61.5 13.5 DD 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD002 | 347698 | 6610123 | 1012.7 | Martin’s Shaft | -56.7 | 342.4 | 41 | DD | 2011 |
| SGRDD003 347700 6610112 1013.3 Martin’s Shaft -60 340 70.2 DD 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD004 | 347702 | 6610097 | 1013.3 | Martin’s Shaft | -58.4 | 345.9 | 76.1 | DD | 2011 |
| SGRDD005 347716 6610135 1009.9 Martin’s Shaft -56.9 340.3 28.5 DD 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD006 | 347719 | 6610115 | 1011.2 | Martin’s Shaft | -60 | 340 | 60 | DD | 2011 |
| SGRDD007 347687 6610095 1014.7 Martin’s Shaft -60 340 75.2 DD 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD008 | 347694 | 6610081 | 1014.4 | Martin’s Shaft | -60 | 340 | 99.5 | DD | 2011 |
| SGRDD009 347716 6610075 1012.5 Martin’s Shaft -60 340 102 DD 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD010 | 347691 | 6610101 | 1014.3 | Martin’s Shaft | -90 | 340 | 133 | DD | 2011 |
| SGRDD011 347870 6610914 1001.8 Little Gracie -60 340 65.5 DD 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD012 | 347853 | 6610999 | 1005.2 | Gracie | -73 | 120 | 100.5 | DD | 2011 |
| SGRDD013 347891 6610962 997.4 Gracie -60 300 50 DD 2011 |
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| HOLE_ID | East MGA94 |
North MGA94 |
RL (m) | Prospect | Dip | Azim | Length (m) |
Drill **Type ** |
Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SGRDD014 | 347688 | 6610124 | 1013.6 | Martin’s Shaft | -60 | 340 | 45.3 | DD | 2011 |
| SGRDD015 347770 6608895 1036.2 Wilson’s Creek -60 285.1 32.1 DD 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD016 | 347788 | 6608890 | 1034.9 | Wilson’s Creek | -77.5 | 280.8 | 71.5 | DD | 2011 |
| SGRDD017 347782 6608870 1035.7 Wilson’s Creek -69.4 285 75.2 DD 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD018 | 347774 | 6608790 | 1031.5 | Wilson’s Creek | -60 | 275 | 38 | DD | 2011 |
| SGRDD019 347754 6608727 1029.3 Wilson’s Creek -60 279.7 45 DD 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD020 | 347773 | 6608722 | 1028.3 | Wilson’s Creek | -60.4 | 284.5 | 27 | DD | 2011 |
| SGRRC001 347707 6610133 1011.3 Martin’s Shaft -60.9 341.8 54 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC002 | 347708 | 6610124 | 1011.9 | Martin’s Shaft | -60.5 | 343.4 | 57 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC003 347709 6610113 1012.2 Martin’s Shaft -59.2 340.1 72 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC004 | 347687 | 6610130 | 1013.5 | Martin’s Shaft | -60.4 | 339 | 48 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC005 347688 6610122 1013.7 Martin’s Shaft -59.2 337.5 54 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC006 | 347689 | 6610112 | 1014 | Martin’s Shaft | -59.2 | 343.4 | 69 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC007 347668 6610127 1015.3 Martin’s Shaft -60.3 350.8 45 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC008 | 347669 | 6610119 | 1015.3 | Martin’s Shaft | -60.5 | 349.3 | 42 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC009 347672 6610100 1015.9 Martin’s Shaft -60.5 342.8 66 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC010 | 347653 | 6610097 | 1017.7 | Martin’s Shaft | -59.6 | 350.9 | 66 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC011 347712 6610099 1012.6 Martin’s Shaft -59.6 346.1 78 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC012 | 347726 | 6610136 | 1008.8 | Martin’s Shaft | -61.4 | 349.2 | 63 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC013 347729 6610117 1010.1 Martin’s Shaft -61.7 344.2 60 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC014 | 347732 | 6610098 | 1010.3 | Martin’s Shaft | -62.2 | 347.3 | 72 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC015 347747 6610100 1008.5 Martin’s Shaft -62.1 347.3 90 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC016 | 347761 | 6610103 | 1006.3 | Martin’s Shaft | -61.8 | 343.3 | 84 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC017 347696 6610072 1014.5 Martin’s Shaft -62.8 343.8 117 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC018 | 347716 | 6610075 | 1012.5 | Martin’s Shaft | -60 | 340 | 65 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC019 347713 6610090 1012.6 Martin’s Shaft -60 340 87 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC020 | 347781 | 6610108 | 1003.1 | Martin’s Shaft | -61.2 | 359.7 | 90 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC021 347736 6610079 1010.1 Martin’s Shaft -60.9 344.4 105 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC022 | 347720 | 6610046 | 1013.9 | Martin’s Shaft | -61.5 | 346.9 | 153 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC023 348098 6611917 969.2 Vickers Prospect -61.7 317 63 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC024 | 348115 | 6611935 | 968.9 | Vickers Prospect | -60.7 | 312.5 | 54 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC025 348144 6611964 967.3 Vickers Prospect -61.8 303.8 69 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC026 | 348083 | 6611886 | 971.4 | Vickers Prospect | -62.1 | 310.5 | 65 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC027 348064 6611858 972 Vickers Prospect -60.9 304.6 51 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC028 | 348089 | 6611919 | 971.2 | Vickers Prospect | -61.1 | 310.4 | 57 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC029 348116 6611899 965.7 Vickers Prospect -62.1 313 104 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC030 | 347690 | 6610160 | 1012.6 | Martin’s Shaft | -60.6 | 159.9 | 139 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC031 347688 6610173 1011.3 Martin’s Shaft -60.1 345.3 37 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC032 | 347714 | 6609964 | 1014.2 | Martin’s Shaft | -60.3 | 343.7 | 247 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC033 347714 6610024 1015.5 Martin’s Shaft -60 340 87 RC 2011 |
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| HOLE_ID | East MGA94 |
North MGA94 |
RL (m) | Prospect | Dip | Azim | Length (m) |
Drill **Type ** |
Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SGRRC034 | 347713 | 6610027 | 1015.6 | Martin’s Shaft | -60.5 | 346.5 | 139 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC035 347686 6610071 1015.3 Martin’s Shaft -60.6 348.1 133 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC036 | 347676 | 6610070 | 1016.3 | Martin’s Shaft | -60 | 340 | 115 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC037 347851 6610932 1003.8 Little Gracie -90 000 27 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC038 | 347826 | 6610933 | 1005.4 | Little Gracie | -60 | 096.3 | 55 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC039 347854 6611000 1001.9 Little Gracie -60 310.4 49 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC051 | 350250 | 6615680 | 961.6 | Goldsworth Mine | -74 | 140 | 103 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC052 350228 6615701 961.1 Goldsworth Mine -60 140 49 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC053 | 350223 | 6615699 | 961 | Goldsworth Mine | -78 | 140 | 67 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC054 350216 6615717 960.5 Goldsworth Mine -75 140 121 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC055 | 350197 | 6615683 | 961.4 | Goldsworth Mine | -60 | 062 | 67 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC056 350177 6615658 962.1 Goldsworth Mine -65 138 55 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC057 | 350108 | 6615604 | 963.3 | Goldsworth Mine | -60 | 140 | 98 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC058 350326 6615752 959.4 Goldsworth Mine -60 140 37 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC059 | 350361 | 6615792 | 958.6 | Goldsworth Mine | -74 | 140 | 61 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC060 350404 6615817 958.4 Goldsworth Mine -70 140 67 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC061 | 350439 | 6615853 | 957.1 | Goldsworth Mine | -70 | 140 | 55 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC062 350477 6615888 956.7 Goldsworth Mine -70 140 48 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC063 | 350508 | 6615930 | 955.2 | Goldsworth Mine | -70 | 140 | 67 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC064 350384 6615846 957 Goldsworth Mine -70 140 103 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC065 | 350023 | 6615551 | 964.8 | Goldsworth Mine | -66 | 152 | 121 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC066 349960 6615476 967.4 Goldsworth Mine -66 134 115 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRRC067 | 350341 | 6615824 | 957.2 | Goldsworth Mine | -62 | 144 | 103 | RC | 2011 |
| SGRRC068 350207 6615859 956.4 Goldsworth Mine -58 140 67 RC 2011 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD023 | 349674 | 6612150 | 963.3 | Fraser’s Find | 14.7 | DD | 2012 | ||
| SGRDD024 349676 6612147 963.8 Fraser’s Find 17.1 DD 2012 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD025 | 349661 | 6612146 | 963.7 | Fraser’s Find | 17.2 | DD | 2012 | ||
| SGRDD026 349678 6612144 964.2 Fraser’s Find 17.9 DD 2012 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD027 | 349664 | 6612140 | 963.9 | Fraser’s Find | 22 | DD | 2012 | ||
| SGRDD028 349664 6612139 964.2 Fraser’s Find 22.2 DD 2012 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD029 | 349666 | 6612132 | 962.3 | Fraser’s Find | 31.2 | DD | 2012 | ||
| SGRDD030 349669 6612122 964.1 Fraser’s Find 48.1 DD 2012 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD031 | 349680 | 6612125 | 964.9 | Fraser’s Find | 45.4 | DD | 2012 | ||
| SGRDD032 349500 6612047 962 Fraser’s Find 55.8 DD 2012 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD033 | 349455 | 6612020 | 943 | Fraser’s Find | 40.2 | DD | 2012 | ||
| SGRDD034 349677 6612149 964.9 Fraser’s Find 13.4 DD 2012 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD035 | 349651 | 6612126 | 963.8 | Fraser’s Find | 25.3 | DD | 2012 | ||
| SGRDD040 351595 6608210 964.9 Melvaine’s 27.1 DD 2013 |
|||||||||
| SGRDD041 | 351569 | 6608201 | 963.8 | Melvaine’s | 70.4 | DD | 2013 | ||
| SGRDD042 351584 6608234 964.1 Melvaine’s 39 DD 2013 |
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Geos Mining project 2849-01
| HOLE_ID | East MGA94 |
North MGA94 |
RL (m) | Prospect | Dip | Azim | Length (m) |
Drill **Type ** |
Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M-ZK0001 | 347739 | 6610026 | 1006 | Martin’s Shaft | -75 | 296 | 245.5 | DD | 2014 |
| M-ZK0002 | 347670 | 6610041 | 1018.5 | Martin’s Shaft | -75 | 015 | 214 | DD | 2014 |
| M-ZK0003 | 347653 | 6610118 | 1015.8 | Martin’s Shaft | -80 | 060 | 125.7 | DD | 2014 |
| M-ZK0004 | 347676 | 6610102 | 1018.1 | Martin’s Shaft | -90 | 000 | 201.6 | DD | 2014 |
| M-ZK0301 | 347700 | 6609992 | 1020.1 | Martin’s Shaft | -75 | 296 | 220.4 | DD | 2014 |
| FF-ZK007 | 349426 | 6611926 | 949.1 | Fraser’s Find | -60 | 210 | 276 | DD | 2015 |
| FF-ZK0802 | 349428 | 6611929 | 948.4 | Fraser’s Find | -60 | 320 | 115.9 | DD | 2015 |
Table 14: Historical Drillholes completed within the area of EL8980
Note: Orientation of drillholes SGRDD023 - SGRDD042 not recorded
MARTIN’S SHAFT
A total of 29 Reverse Circulation (RC) drillholes (for 2,534m) and 16 Diamond (DD) drillholes (for 1,751.5m) were completed by Sovereign Gold during 2011 (Figure 37).
The gold mineralisation comprised sheeted veins and disseminations within a felsic dyke that has been drilled to 120m vertical depth (Figure 38, Figure 39). Sovereign Gold considered that the host lithology has acted as a brittle host for magmatic fluids (Leu & Roberton, 2011).
Significant intersections (>1 g/t Au cut-off) from the Martin’s Shaft drillholes, compiled from reported drillhole assay data, are presented in Table 15.
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==> picture [483 x 426] intentionally omitted <==
Figure 37: Martin’s Shaft drillhole locations
The drilling defined a mineralised zone with approximate dimensions of ~70m along strike, ~25m thick and ~120m down dip. The shape of the body is suggestive of a pipe-like structure, possible at the intersection of cross-cutting faults (Figure 38). A longitudinal section along the strike of the mineralisation confirms this pipe-like nature (Figure 39) and suggests that the mineralisation is open down plunge. Although there are some photographs of mineralised veins and alteration zones in the Sovereign Gold reports, the lack of lithological logging for the majority of the drillholes makes an interpretation difficult.
Sovereign Gold surmised that the drilling results indicate that the body is widening with depth (Leu & Roberton, 2011), although, in Geos Mining’s opinion, this interpretation is not borne out by the drilling results. However, the mineralised structure is still open at depth and deeper drilling is recommended to test for extensions.
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==> picture [384 x 283] intentionally omitted <==
Figure 38: Martin’s Shaft Drill Cross-section 347,700mE (+/- 10m) looking east
Note: Assays for the vertical drillhole SGRDD010 not available
==> picture [383 x 340] intentionally omitted <==
Figure 39: Martin's Shaft Drill Cross-section 6,610,120mN (+/- 20m) looking north
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| Hole ID | From (m) | To (m) |
Interval (m) |
Au (g/t) |
Ag (g/t) |
Sb % |
Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SGRDD001 0 6 6 1.28 0.7 - |
|||||||
| SGRDD002 | 24 | 38 | 14 | 4.83 | 3.8 | - | Twinned SGRRC002 |
| incl 27 30 3 6.94 10.3 - |
|||||||
| and | 36 | 38 | 2 | 18.95 | 8.8 | 0.43 | |
| SGRDD003 37 44 7 2.83 2.4 - |
|||||||
| SGRDD004 | 53 | 64 | 11 | 5.38 | 10.9 | 0.17 | Twinned SGRRC011 |
| incl 58 64 6 8.30 18.8 0.30 |
|||||||
| SGRDD005 | 11 | 13 | 2 | 1.14 | 1.0 | - | |
| SGRDD006 41.5 44 2.5 3.80 15.1 0.20 |
|||||||
| SGRDD008 | 73.5 | 92 | 18.5 | 2.41 | 3.8 | - | |
| Incl 85 89 4 4.81 1.6 - |
|||||||
| SGRDD009 | 88 | 89 | 1 | 4.18 | 1.6 | - | |
| SGRDD010 78 113 35 1.10 - - Note 1 |
|||||||
| incl | 84 | 89 | 5 | 3.29 | - | - | Note 1 |
| SGRDD014 21 29 8 5.40 1.8 0.27 Twinned SGRRC005 |
|||||||
| SGRRC001 | 15 | 18 | 3 | 6.20 | 3.7 | - | |
| SGRRC002 26 32 6 1.43 3.2 - Twinned SGRDD002 |
|||||||
| SGRRC003 | 35 | 50 | 15 | 1.84 | 1.2 | 0.12 | |
| SGRRC004 13 27 14 2.41 1.5 0.19 |
|||||||
| SGRRC005 | 25 | 32 | 7 | 3.13 | 1.4 | 0.20 | Twinned SGRDD014 |
| SGRRC006 37 44 7 3.54 2.8 0.30 |
|||||||
| SGRRC009 | 39 | 40 | 1 | 2.27 | 1.3 | - | |
| SGRRC011 57 62 5 2.50 2.1 0.13 Twinned SGRDD004 |
|||||||
| SGRRC013 | 40 | 43 | 3 | 1.60 | 5.1 | - | |
| SGRRC017 76 100 24 1.26 3.0 0.11 |
|||||||
| SGRRC022 | 123 | 124 | 1 | 2.04 | 3.9 | - | |
| SGRRC030 15 17 2 1.50 0.2 - Note 2 |
|||||||
| SGRRC030 | 67 | 69 | 2 | 1.18 | 58.3 | - | Note 2 |
| SGRRC030 74 103 29 3.24 14.0 0.11 Note 2 |
|||||||
| SGRRC035 | 90 | 112 | 22 | 1.15 | - | - | Note 1 |
| SGRRC036 90 98 8 2.19 - - Note 1 |
Table 15: Martin’s Shaft intersections (>1g/t gold) drilled by Sovereign Gold
Note 1: Reported in Leu & Robertson, 2011; Summary Au grades only. Raw assay data not available. Note 2: SGRRC030 drilled down the dip of the mineralised zone Note 3: Intervals not listed did not contain significant mineralisation
A total of four diamond drillholes completed by Sugec Mining during 2014 (Leu, et al., 2014) intersected low grade mineralisation with only occasional thin intervals of high-grade gold and antimony.
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There were no significant intersections for drillholes SGRDD007, SGRRC007, SGRRC008, SGRRC010, SGRRC012, SGRRC014, SGRRC015, SGRRC016, SGRRC019, SGRRC020, SGRRC021, SGRRC031, SGRRC032, SGRRC033, SGRRC034, M-ZK0001, M-ZK0002, M-ZK0003, M-ZK0004 & M-ZK0301.
Sovereign Gold carried out drillhole ‘twinning’ to compare the sample integrity of RC samples versus core samples (Leu & Roberton, 2011). Drillholes SGRDD014 and SGRRC005 were collared two metres apart but recorded significantly different intersections in terms of Au grade (Figure 40):
Pair 1 (2m apart):
-
SGRDD014: 8m @ 5.40 g/t Au from 21m (0.5 g/t Au cut-off)
-
SGRRC005: 8m @ 2.83 g/t Au from 25m (0.5 g/t Au cut-off)
Similar comparisons were undertaken during 2012 and gave even larger discrepancies, suggesting that the RC drilling has under-estimated the intersection length and grade (Leu, et al., 2012) (Figure 40):
Pair 2 (11m apart):
-
SGRDD004: 18m @ 3.51 g/t Au from 52m (0.5 g/t Au cut-off)
-
SGRRC011: 11m @ 1.48 g/t Au from 52m (0.5 g/t Au cut-off)
Pair 3 (10m apart):
-
SGRDD002: 21m @ 3.41 g/t Au from 18m (0.5 g/t Au cut-off)
-
SGRRC002: 15m @ 0.99 g/t Au from 18m (0.5 g/t Au cut-off)
We note that, in the 2012 testing, the drillhole pairs were 10-11m apart, not 2m as for the 2011 pair. Geos Mining compared the results of the paired drillhole assays, and observed that, using a 0.5g/t gold cut-off, the intersection lengths were similar or longer in the diamond drillholes than for the RC pairs. However, the average gold grades are significantly higher in the diamond drillholes in all three cases (Figure 40). In our opinion, this difference may be attributed to sampling methods and/or the presence of coarse gold. Future drilling programs should take this variability in mind when deciding on the type of drilling, sampling methods and sampling QAQC.
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Geos Mining project 2849-01
==> picture [467 x 360] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
PAIR 1 PAIR 2 PAIR 3
SGRDD014 SGRRC005 SGRDD004 SGRRC011 SGRDD002 SGRRC002
8.59 12.75 0.69 0.68 0.51 0.65
5.37 1.45 5.61 0.44 20 0.74 0.48 20
1.29 2.14 55 0.02 0.54 55 0.33 0.38
25 15.4 1.71 0.83 0.36 0.34 0.7
2.51 0.97 30 0.42 0.83 0.62 0.65
2.6 1.35 2.47 5.2 0.93 0.95
0.59 1.55 19.6 2.12 25 5.28 0.99 25
29 6.82 0.74 33 60 5.27 1.52 60 0.88 0.51
7.71 1.53 0.54 2.67
6.09 2.13 10.5 1.16
3.58 0.88 63 5.05 0.65
7.55 30 5.28 0.26 30
65 0.47 0.29 2.31
0.22 0.18 1.55
0.85 0.27 0.93
0.33 0.69 0.25
0.65 35 0.67 0.11 35
70 0.87 15.2 0.04
22.5 0.16
Each sample interval is 1m 0.32 0.80 38
39 0.52
----- End of picture text -----
Figure 40: Twinned drillhole pairs showing gold grade (g/t) comparisons
Depth markers in metres. Each sample interval was 1m.
GOLDSWORTH MINE
A total of 18 RC drillholes (for 1,404m) were drilled by Sovereign Gold during 2011 (Table 14, Figure 41). Most drillholes were designed to test the linear magnetic anomaly on which the mine is located and all drillholes intersected sulphidic and altered meta-sediments with quartz veining. Mineralisation consisted of narrow zones of low gold grades, with better intersections (>0.5 g/t Au cut-off) being:
-
SGRRC054: 3m @ 1.45 g/t Au from 101m depth
-
SGRRC055: 2m @ 0.94 g/t Au from 43m depth
-
SGRRC060: 7m @ 0.82 g/t Au from 22m depth
Elsewhere, only scattered single 1m intervals reported assays greater than 0.5 g/t gold.
The GSNSW mineral occurrences data mentions that the historical shaft was bulldozed in and Google Earth imagery does not clearly show the location of the Goldsworth Mine. Sovereign Gold reported that the alteration zone associated with the magnetic structure was detected in costeans and some of the drillholes intercepted old stopes (Leu & Roberton, 2011).
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==> picture [483 x 357] intentionally omitted <==
Figure 41: Goldsworth Prospect RC drillhole locations & significant assay intervals
Major structure interpreted from aeromagnetic data
Sovereign Gold later undertook a grid soil sampling program over the Goldsworth Mine and extensions along strike to the northeast and southwest (Figure 26, Section 8.6). The area was also covered by the 2011 airborne magnetics survey, flown after the completion of the 2011 drilling program. Data from this survey for the Goldsworth Mine area is currently not available.
VICKERS PROSPECT
A total of seven shallow RC drillholes (for 463m) were drilled by Sovereign Gold in 2011 (Figure 42) (Leu & Roberton, 2011). Widespread alteration was reported by Sovereign Gold, but only two narrow zones of silver-arsenic-gold mineralisation were intersected:
-
SGRRC023: 2m @ 0.02 g/t Au, 57g/t Ag and 5.2% As from 21m
-
SGRRC024: 1m @ 3.08 g/t Au, 54g/t Ag and 7.8% As from 33m
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Figure 42: Vickers Prospect RC drillholes
GRACIE - LITTLE GRACIE MINES
During 2011, Sovereign Gold completed two shallow Diamond drill holes holes (for 146m) at Gracie Mine, one Diamond drill hole hole (for 70m) and three RC holes (for 131m) at Little Gracie (Leu & Roberton, 2011) (Figure 43). Only weak mineralisation was intersected with Sovereign Gold reporting that the lode below the Gracie Mine workings is only very narrow (0.25m wide in drillhole SGRDD012, 95.5-95.75m: 0.35g/t gold, 10.7g/t silver, 3.3% arsenic and 125ppm antimony). However, they noted that “historical records show this vein contained bonanza shoots of gold running ounces per tonne” (Leu & Roberton, 2011).
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Figure 43: Gracie & Little Gracie prospects drillholes
WILSONS CREEK SHAFT
A total of 6 DD holes (for 320m) were drilled by Sovereign Gold in 2011 (Figure 44) (Leu & Roberton, 2011). The locations of old pits and shallow shafts indicates that mineralisation may extend over a strike length of at least 660m, according to Sovereign Gold, yet only very weak mineralisation was intersected by the drilling. The best result was 1m @ 0.56g/t Au and 1.6% As from 47m in drillhole SGRDD016. Two drillholes, SGRDD019 and SGRDD020, reportedly intersected an extensively altered (sheeted vein) diorite dyke over 20m downhole depth, but the best assay was only 1m @ 0.56g/t Au from 9m depth in drillhole SGRDD019.
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Figure 44: Wilsons Creek Shaft prospect drillholes
FRASER’S FIND
Sovereign Gold drilled a total of 13 shallow Diamond drill holes (for 370.5m) in 2012 (Figure 45) (Leu, et al., 2012). They purchased their own 4WD-mounted drill rig for this program in order to minimise costs and limit surface damage. However, the rig was only capable of drilling small diameter (BQ, 37.5mm) core. As a result, “Low or zero core recovery of the main gold lode occurred in 8 of the diamond drillholes. This resulted either from encountering old workings, water loss hole abandonment prior to target or brittle/soft nature of mineralisation” (Leu, et al., 2012). Furthermore, the orientation of the drillholes (dip and azimuth) was not recorded and the storage of the drill core is unknown.
Sample volume is critically important when assaying for precious metals, where mineralisation is expected to be nuggety; HQ diameter core (63.5mm diameter) is the minimum preferred standard. As a result, Geos Mining recommends caution when reviewing the assay results from these drillholes.
We also note that limited assaying of core was carried out by Sovereign Gold, probably because of the low core recoveries or because only narrow zones of mineralisation were noted in the logging. Sampling intervals totalled only 30.5m from the drilling total of 370.5m. The 98 sampling intervals ranged from 0.02m to 1.55m and averaged 0.31m.
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Figure 45: Fraser’s Find prospect drillholes
High grade gold mineralisation was intersected over narrow widths, including:
-
SGRDD023: 0.6m @ 14.3g/t Au, 141g/t Ag, 0.75% Pb and 5.2% As from 11.1m
-
SGRDD029: 0.25m @ 4.6g/t Au, 160g/t Ag, 1.01% Pb and >9.8% As from 27.0m
-
SGRDD030: 0.7m @ 1.2g/t Au, 6g/t Ag, 1.01% Pb and 3.0% As from 38.26m
Sovereign Gold’s joint venture partner, Sugec Mining, completed two more diamond drillholes totalling 391.9m in 2015 (FF-ZK007 & FF-ZK0802). Although, according to Leu, et al., 2015, the drilling confirmed the extension of the narrow gold bearing structure, only ten intervals totalling 6.13m were sampled. The mineralisation intersected was reportedly quite weak, with highest assay results only 0.35g/t Au, 2.97g/t Ag, 2% As (Leu, et al., 2015).
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OTHER PROSPECTS
Three diamond drillholes were completed by Sovereign Gold at Melvaine’s in 2013 but significant gold grades were intersected in centimetre wide veins only (Leu, et al., 2013). Drillhole collar orientation information for these drillholes was not reported.
8.9. MINERAL RESOURCES
There are no Mineral Resources compliant with the JORC Code 2012 within the Uralla Project.
8.10. OPPORTUNITIES
Previous exploration has identified several prospects containing zones of narrow, but high-grade, gold mineralisation. These prospects appear to be associated with major structures that have been interpreted from airborne magnetics surveys. The IRGS model investigated by Sovereign Gold appears to be geologically viable.
Rock chip sampling programs by Lode and other companies have identified high-grade gold mineralisation, with associated high arsenic values, within pervasively altered and quartz veined metasediments. The mineralisation appears to be structurally controlled, especially the NE-trending Bonanza Dyke structure and possible splays. The widespread and pervasive alteration indicates that the mineralisation is not restricted to thin quartz veins, as had previously been interpreted. The close association between gold mineralisation and elevated arsenic values enables the use of arsenic as a pathfinder element in geochemical sampling to define zones of alteration and mineralisation.
The IP geophysics survey has successfully defined significant chargeability anomalies at the four prospects that were tested. The broad shapes of these anomalies suggest disseminated sulphide mineralisation that could be intrusion related. Of particular interest is the large open-ended chargeability anomaly at the southern end of the McCrossin’s survey area and the broad anomaly within the Hudson’s area, which has not been tested by the historical drilling at Gracie prospect.
Martin’s Shaft shows sufficient potential to warrant further drilling to test for extensions at depth as well as the IP anomalies to the north and south of the historical workings. Mineralised intersections in the drillholes beneath the historical workings appear to be narrow and with limited tonnage potential. Therefore, high gold grades need to be intersected to make this occurrence of further interest. In contrast, the broad IP anomalies to the north and south of the historical workings suggest the presence of disseminated mineralisation envelopes around the structurally controlled feeder zones.
In our opinion, the previous exploration undertaken on the Fraser’s Find was inadequate in that the shallow drilling by Sovereign Gold utilised a core that resulted in very poor core recovery and the drillholes intersected underground workings. The single line of IP geophysics has identified a broad chargeability anomaly that can be used to define drilling targets.
At Goldsworth Mine, it appears that the locations of the drillholes have not tested the interpreted structures that are likely to be the focus for mineralising fluids. Furthermore, interpretation of the soil
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sampling and airborne magnetics have not been compared to the drilling results to define additional targets.
The semi-circular magnetic feature interpreted from the 2011 magnetic survey between Fraser’s Find and Diggers Shaft has not been followed up to determine if it is associated with mineralisation. However, this feature remains as a conceptual target only. IP geophysics and grid soil sampling are recommended to define drilling targets.
Other conceptual targets are the intersections between the major structures that have been interpreted from the airborne magnetics surveys. Ground follow-up with geological mapping, geochemical sampling and IP surveys is recommended for these targets.
We have not fully investigated the potential in the alluvial occurrences. However, from our assessment of the historical data and consideration of the likely landholder / environmental restrictions, we do not recommend this style as a viable exploration target for Lode at Uralla.
8.11. RECOMMENDATIONS
Recommendations for exploration programs for EL8980 are:
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RC drilling of the IP anomalies detected at Hudson’s, McCrossin’s, Martin’s Shaft and Fraser’s Find prospects. Careful selection of drillhole orientations is recommended to ensure that the drillholes intersect the controlling structures
-
Coverage of the Vickers prospect to Gracie prospect area with grid soil sampling using a portable XRF analyser tuned to detect arsenic, lead and zinc anomalies as pathfinder elements for the gold mineralisation. Anomalous zones may be tested with RAB drilling to better define the zones
-
Follow-up diamond drilling to better define any significant mineralised zones
-
Extend the IP survey at McCrossin’s prospect to close off the anomaly to the south.
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9. Fender Project (EL9003)
9.1. MINING HISTORY
Several small historical copper workings are located within EL9003, the most productive being Fischer’s Copper Mine (2,643t @ 13.4% Cu), Trough Gully (2,752t), Mulla Creek, Woolomin and Mount Pleasant prospects (Figure 46).
Fischer’s Copper Mine was first reported in 1885 (Carne, 1908) and has undergone intermittent small-scale production up to the 1960s. Copper mineralisation is localised along a near-vertical shear zone and subsidiary shears and joints within steeply-dipping jasper and siltstone. In the oxidised portion of the mineralisation, copper minerals consist of cuprite, malachite, azurite, chalcocite and native copper ( Suppel, 1969). Massive pyrite bands were mapped along the main underground drive developed in 1970 ( Staude, 1970) and also reported in percussion drillholes in 1971 ( Mustard, 1971b).
The Trough Gully Copper Mine, approximately 5km north of Fischer’s, was first reported in the 1899 Annual Report of the Department of Mines ( Relph & McClatchie, 1961). The mineralisation is similar to Fischer’s in form and size, being primarily copper carbonates hosted by sheared mudstone, phyllite, siltstone and jasper, although banded pyritic ore was also found close to the surface. Small parcels of high-grade copper ore were despatched from the mine from 1899 to 1916 ( Relph & McClatchie, 1961) and a reverberatory furnace was erected at the site in 1908 ( Carne, 1908).
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Photo 5: Trough Gully lower adit
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At the Mount Pleasant Copper Mine, CS Wilkinson reported “Mr T Hole has had a shaft 50 feet deep sunk in prospecting for a copper lode where the altered red jasperoid slates are traversed by a small irregular vein a few inches thick of gossan, quartz and serpentinous clay containing carbonates of copper” ( Carne, 1908).
The Limbri goldfield in the northern part of EL9003 consists of alluvial workings and nine shallow gold diggings on gold-bearing quartz veins and stockworks hosted by jasperoid chert horizons.
Manganese occurrences, generally of limited extent, are scattered throughout the area, but production from these occurrences is not recorded.
9.2. HISTORICAL EXPLORATION
Previous exploration on the area covered by EL9003 is summarised in Table 16. There has been considerable geochemical sampling carried out, but only minor geophysical surveys have been completed. Drilling has been limited to only one prospect, Fischer’s Copper Mine.
| Tenement | Company | Years | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| EL0464 | FISCHERS COPPER MINE PTY LIMITED |
1971 - 1972 | Soil & rock chip sampling on Mt Pleasant prospect. Ground geophysics and soil sampling, percussion drilling (11 drillholes,385m)at Fischer’s Copper. |
| EL0563 | ELECTROLYTIC ZINC COMPANY OF AUSTRALASIA LTD |
1972 - 1974 | Geochemical sampling & magnetic susceptibility readings at Woolomin copper prospect. |
| EL5392 | MALACHITE RESOURCES NL |
1997 - 1999 | BLEG & rock chip sampling at Limbri goldfield Meares, 1999. |
| EL6509 | AUZEX RESOURCES LIMITED |
2006 - 2008 | Soil & rock sampling. No significant results. No Cu assays. |
| EL6560 | MALACHITE RESOURCES NL |
2006 - 2008 | Minor stream sed samples. No significant results. |
| EL6613 | PEEL EXPLORATION LIMITED |
2006 - 2010 | Soil & rock chip samples from Mt Pleasant, Trough Gully & Mulla Creek. |
| EL7489 | GOLD OF OPHIR PTY LTD |
2010 - 2012 | No targets generated. |
| EL7768 | SUGEC RESOURCES LIMITED |
2011 - 2016 | Focussed on Abington prospect, west of EL9003. |
| EL7770 | IRGS NORTHERN GOLD PTY LTD |
2011 - 2015 | Good rock chip samples from Trough Gully, Fisher’s & Mulla Creek. |
| EL8012 | SOC1 PTY LTD | 2012 - 2013 | Small overlap. Focussed on gold prospects to the south of EL9003. |
Table 16: Previous Exploration within EL9003
9.3. GEOLOGICAL SETTING
In 1971 geological mapping of the EL9003 area was carried out by the (then) Department of Mines. The oldest rocks are serpentinites of Middle Cambrian to Early Silurian age distributed along the Spring Creek Fault and associated structures as a series of discrete, elongate slivers (Figure 46). Woolomin Group and
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related units, comprising volcaniclastic lithic sandstone, siltstone and mudstone with subordinate chert, jasper, basalt and diamictite, occur to the west of the Spring Creek Fault.
Sandon Association rocks of Devonian to Early Carboniferous age occur over much of the central portion of the licence area east of the Spring Creek Fault. The Sandon Association strata consist of deep-water origin lithic sandstone, slate, phyllite, chert, jasper, metabasalt, siltstone, mudstone and paraconglomerate.
The Manning Formation is a sequence of Early Permian sediments with some volcanics, occurring as fault slices within the Woolomin Association rocks adjacent to the Spring Creek Fault.
The Late Permian to Early Triassic I-type Moonbi Monzogranite occurs adjacent to the northwestern margin of the tenement.
9.4. MINERALISATION STYLE
The NSW mineral occurrence database NSW Government Spatial Services, 2020 records a total of 27 historical workings within the area covered by EL9003 (Table 17 and Figure 46). All are small in size and comprise a mix of underground shafts and drives, small open pits and gougings. Primary commodities sought were gold ± copper ± manganese.
Styles of mineralisation recognised by GSNSW and previous explorers include:
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Copper dominant VHMS[6] style deposits – Cyprus / Besshi type
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Vein/ stockwork hosted gold deposits
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Tungsten-molybdenum pipes, veins and disseminated deposits
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Porphyry copper-gold deposits
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Podiform chromite deposits (Leggett, 2010)
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Stratiform manganese-rich rocks that host auriferous veins
| Name | Comm- odity |
Workings | Depth (m) |
Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charmant Vue Manganese |
Mn | OP and shafts | 2 | A shallow shaft and a small OP have been excavated in what are probably two very small manganiferous pods within jasper. |
| Cockburn River Prospect |
Au | UG, OP and shafts |
15 | The lode comprises a 0.70m wide quartz vein with a 1m wide manganiferous lode on its Western side. Dump sample returned 2.05ppm Au(Meares,1999). |
| Edward’s prospect |
Cu | UG and shafts | 6 | Single inclined shaft. A 0.6 m wide gossan with some malachite. |
6 VHMS = Volcanic Hosted Massive Sulphide
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| Name | Comm- odity |
Workings | Depth (m) |
Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fischer’s Copper Mine |
Cu | OP, UG, shafts, drives |
40 | Seven massive sulphide lenses are exposed in the workings; the largest lens is approximately 23m long and up to 2.5m wide. Reported to have produced 2643t at an average grade of 13.4% Cu, the Fischer’s Mine operated over the periods 1899-1900 and 1968-1974 (Blayden, 2007a). Assays of mineralisation from Fischer’s Copper Mine showed the mineralisation contained about 30 grams/tonne silver and 1.5-3grams/tonnegold(Robertson,2015a). |
| Givney’s Reef | Au | UG and shafts | 2 | Single shaft and a bench cut into the hillside. Reef production to 1883. |
| Gordon’s Shaft |
Au | UG and shafts | 10 | No obvious lode. Minor quartz veinlets, disseminated pyrite cubes and minor gossanous material. |
| Graham’s Manganese Prospect |
Mn | UG, OP, shafts, adits, shallow workings |
2 | The lode is a zone of siliceous claystone containing pods and lenses of manganese oxides. Lode is 1 to 3 m wide. |
| Herden’s Copper Prospect |
Cu | UG, and shafts |
10 | Copper carbonates occur mainly within the chlorite schist. This occurrence is similar to Edward’s and Rasmussen’s prospect; probably of volcanogenic origin. |
| Jersey Gully Prospect |
Au | OP and shallow pits |
2 | A number of pits, including a small open cut, have been sunk on outcrop of a chert bed, 2 m thick and at least 500 m long. The gossan is associated with a network of quartz veins. Meares, 1999, considered that ‘there is considerable strike extent of weak to moderate Au mineralisation.” |
| Little Oaky Creek Prospect |
Au | UG and shafts | Numerous small pyritic quartz veinlets, up to 3mm wide, are present in the jasper on the dumps. |
|
| Mt Pleasant Copper |
Cu | UG, shafts, shallow pits |
15 | Several concordant vertical - sub vertically dipping mineralized zones within a 500m by 50m zone trending. |
| Mulla Creek Copper Mine |
Cu | adits | 30 | A 0.5m wide gossan, parallel to the main occurrence and 4.5m to the west of it, is exposed at the end of a crosscut off the main adit. Primary grade about 1% Cu. Production 1911- 1913 when 12 t of copper ore were produced though the grade is unknown. Sporadic working then took place over theperiod 1969-1980(Blayden,2007a). |
| New Year’s Gift |
Au | UG, shafts and adits |
15 | Fragments of white, vughy quartz, some with comb structure. |
| Oakview Manganese Prospect |
Mn | 1.5 | Rhodonite with manganese oxides are present in sediments. | |
| Oakview North Manganese |
Mn | |||
| Rackham’s Reward Mine |
Au | UG, shafts and adits |
8 | Two veins, line of shafts has been sunk on a quartz reef. About 120 m to the north, a tunnel was commenced in 1933 to intersect another reef. Production 1933-4. |
| Railway prospect |
Au | OP | 1.5 | A small OP has been excavated in a manganiferous lode in chert. Sampled by GSNSW 4.7ppm Au. |
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| Name | Comm- odity |
Workings | Depth (m) |
Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rasmussen’s prospect |
Cu | UG, and shafts |
10 | Copper carbonates appear to be confined to dark green chlorite schist, also siltstones, jasper and claystone. This may be the same unit that is the host rock for Edwards and Herdens prospects. |
| Spring Creek Alluvials |
Au-A | Dredging and/or slucing, shafts and shallow pits, |
Production 1897-1910. | |
| Stanning’s prospect |
Au | UG, and shafts, |
17 | The lode is possibly in the jasper. Many anomalous samples reported by Malachite with maximum 29.5ppm Au (Meares, 1999) |
| Stronghurst Manganese |
Mn | Adits, | Lode is up to 3m wide and at least 30m long. Mineralisation massive, earthy and occasionally stalactitic to botryoidal. |
|
| Thompson’s prospect |
Au | Shafts and shallow pits |
4 | The Lode appears to be a brecciated chert with siliceous veinlets and vughs, locally gossanous. |
| Trough Gully Copper Mine |
Cu | UG, OP, shafts and adits |
30 | The lode is over 60 m long up to 4m wide and more than 30 m in depth. Contains up to 80% pyrite and banded. Average grade 2.2% copper, 1.2% zinc and 9.7 ppm silver. Production from this mine totalled 2752 t of ore with 1315 t smelted for copper and 787 t used in the production of sulphuric acid. This production took place periodically over the period 1899 to 1916(Blayden,2007a). |
| Weaver’s Reef | Au | UG, shafts and shallow pits |
11 | The reef appears to have been a thin, vughy, quartz vein, about 10-20 mm thick, in basalt. |
| Woolomin Mine |
Cu | UG, shafts and adits |
43 | The lode is approximately 0.3m wide. The workings consist of 2 shafts, some shallow pits and a 104m long adit that intersects the old 43m deep shaft. Production between 1910-1912. |
| PeelEx 1-004 | Cu | Nil | 0 | Exploration target based on airborne magnetics and Cu anomalies in stream sediments. |
| PeelEx 1-001 | Cu | Nil | 0 | Exploration target based on airborne magnetics and Cu anomalies in stream sediments. |
Table 17: Mineral Occurrences within EL9003
Many previous explorers commented that the copper occurrences were their prime targets, being classified as massive, stratiform cupriferous pyrite lenses (Haslam, 1973). Malachite Resources noted that the main targets are “syngenetic exhalative gold mineralisation and epigenetic structurally-controlled gold mineralisation” (Meares, 1999). Malachite considered that the manganese-rich horizons “probably represent oxidised, submarine exhalative stratiform manganese deposits”.
Sovereign Gold (EL7770) determined that the pyritic copper occurrences are “probably volcanic submarine exhalative in origin” (‘Cyprus-style’) ( Robertson, 2015c). Where field relationships are clear, these occurrences are seen to be conformable, lenticular, sulphide bodies, intimately associated with heavily
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pigmented jaspers and altered basaltic, probably tholeiitic, volcanics. Occasionally, a number of separate lenses have been recorded from the same locality, e.g. Mt Pleasant, Mulla Creek, Fischer’s Copper and Trough Gully. Analyses of mineralisation from most of the copper occurrences verify that copper, zinc, titanium, manganese, lead and cobalt are present in decreasing order of abundance.
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Figure 46: EL9003, Geological Setting and Mineral Occurrences
9.5. PROSPECTS
The Trough Gully and Fisher’s Copper workings have received particular attention, with Blayden, 2007a noting that the VHMS style occurrences are favourably located within and to the west of the Peel-Manning Fault System (locally termed the Spring Creek Fault). The occurrences vary greatly in size from small areas of copper carbonate staining up to deposits such as Trough Gully and Fischer’s Copper, from which 2,572t and 2,643t of ore, respectively, were produced (Blayden, 2007a). The mineralisation is characteristically massive to mineralogically banded, comprising, in decreasing abundance, pyrite, chalcopyrite, bornite, sphalerite and magnetite with small amounts of gold as well as bismuth, lead and manganese minerals.
Primary mineralisation at Trough Gully copper mine includes pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, bornite, and proustite, while secondary mineralisation includes chalcocite (McCrae, 2007). Gangue minerals include calcite and quartz. The main lode was reportedly “at least” 42m in strike, up to 5 m wide and 30m in “proven depth”. The lode remains open to the north and south as well as down dip. Exploration programs
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in 1960s to early 1970s comprised surface and underground mapping, IP, and magnetics. Eight underground samples returned average grades of 2.2% Cu, 1.2% Zn, 13 ppm Ag, and trace Au while zinc values were reported as “increasing with depth”. IP and magnetic anomalies were defined but have not been tested. Seven rock chip samples taken by Newmont (1980) returned individual assays of up to 1.6% Cu, 2.6% Zn, 55ppm Ag, and 0.75ppm Au.
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Photo 6: Trough Gully mineralisation
In the mineral occurrences within the Limbri Goldfield at the northern end of EL9003, Blayden, 2007a, determined that the stratiform manganese rich rocks are host to auriferous veins on the eastern side of the Peel-Manning Fault. The gold mineralisation is believed to result from hydrothermal activity related to regional deformation and the intrusion of nearby Moonbi Adamellite with subsequent remobilisation from the exhalative sediments.
Peel Exploration defined two copper exploration targets based on magnetics interpretation and Cu anomalies in stream sediments. PeelEx 1-001 occurs ~2.4km east of Fischer’s Copper Mine, on the eastern side of the Spring Creek Fault (Figure 46, Figure 48). PeelEx1-004 (also known as Kasey prospect) occurs on a NNE-trending ridge in the northern part of EL9003, along strike from the Oakview manganese occurrence.
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9.6. GEOCHEMISTRY
Stream sediment surveys were completed by several early explorers, including Fischer’s Copper Mine (EL0464), Electrolytic Zinc (EL0535) and Peel Exploration (EL6613), together with rock chip, soil and more recently, portable XRF sampling. In 2004, the Geological Survey of New South Wales compiled a database of historical stream sediment sample assays and these have been used to generate a thematic map for copper geochemistry for EL9003 (Figure 47). Other elements either did not have sufficient assay results within the EL9003 region or did not shown any significant anomalism.
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Figure 47: EL9003, Cu-values in Stream Sediments
Three clusters of higher copper results occur in the northern, central and southeastern areas of EL9003 (Figure 47). All three areas are located along and/or to the east of the Peel-Manning Fault Zone. McCrae, 2007, considered that the copper clusters are lithologically related, rather than indicating mineralisation.
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The threshold for the highest range for the assay results (>105ppm Cu, representing the top 3% of samples) is only 2.5x the level of the lowest range (<40ppm Cu, representing the bottom 52% of samples). In Geos Mining’s opinion, based on many years of assessing regional geochemical results, this is not a highly anomalous factor. The clusters may be purely related to copper-rich lithologies caught up in the PeelManning Fault Zone; but they may also relate to localised occurrences of high background lithologies as indicators of copper mineralisation. Therefore, further analysis of the ‘anomalous’ areas is required.
Fischer’s Copper Mine completed soil sampling over grids covering the Fischer’s copper mine and the Mt Pleasant copper mine. Small anomalous zones were detected at both prospects. Percussion drilling tested the Fischer’s copper anomalies and Kennecott Explorations Australia (‘KEA’) followed up the Mt Pleasant results with further soil and rock chip sampling. KEA concluded that their sampling failed to extend the strong copper anomaly, which was “probably associated with copper carbonate mineralisation in jasperitic rocks” ( Hay & Turner, 1972).
Peel Exploration completed geochemical surveys over several prospects within EL6613 during 2008-09 (Leggett, 2010), including:
-
Niton portable XRF surveys over the Trough Gully, Mt Pleasant and Mulla Creek prospects
-
Rock chip sampling at Kasey and several other prospects
-
Soil sampling at Kasey, Trough Gully, Mulla Creek and Mt Pleasant
Peel believed that the area was under-explored and intended to undertake drilling programs on EL6613, but the tenement was relinquished due to commitments on other projects.
9.7. GEOPHYSICS
Fischer’s Copper Mine Pty Ltd undertook a program of EM, ground magnetics and self-potential geophysics surveys over a 240m x 600m grid surrounding the Fischer’s copper workings in 1971 (Mustard, 1971b). Anomalous areas were tested by a program of 11 percussion drillholes (Section 9.8).
Peel Exploration completed an airborne magnetics and radiometrics survey over EL6613 in 2008 (Tyson & Leggett, 2009). The RTP magnetics for this survey has been combined with regional magnetics flown by GSNSW in Figure 48. The processed magnetics shows a NW-trending dislocation associated with the Peel River. This feature may be responsible for a kink in the Spring Creek Fault near the Fischer’s Copper Mine.
Near the intersection of the Spring Creek Fault and the Peel River, a magnetics feature coincides with anomalous Cu values from stream sediment sampling, which occur in streams draining a prominent hill. (Figure 48, Figure 49). Indigeo Consultants completed an interpretation of the Peel Exploration aeromagnetic data and described this anomaly, labelled as “1-001”, as very high priority, with “possible remobilisation and concentration of mineralisation” in a “fold nose (and extensional regime) of undifferentiated Devonian sediments” (Tyson & Leggett, 2009). However, the circular feature defined by the magnetics anomaly and drainage patterns could also be interpreted as being due to an underlying intrusion with the magnetics high on the northern rim being due to magnetite or pyrrhotite-bearing mineralisation.
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Figure 48: EL9003, airborne magnetics RTP
The coincident magnetics anomaly / Cu-in-stream sediments anomaly named “1-004” in the northern part of EL9003 (also known as the Kasey prospect) was interpreted by Indigeo Consultants as being due to structural dislocations and local folding, with an apparent magnetic spur offset from the Peel Fault. This anomaly occurs at the top of a prominent NNE-trending ridge that lines up with two manganese occurrences about 1.25km north (Figure 50). Anomalous copper values were returned from stream sediment samples in drainages on both sides of this ridge.
Peel followed up the Kasey (1-004) anomaly with ridge-and-spur soil sampling and rock chip sampling, but there were no significant results. There were no descriptions of the rock chip samples, so the reason for the magnetic anomalism and copper anomalies remains unexplained. Further exploration is warranted for these prospects.
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Figure 49: PeelEx1-001 anomaly, stream sediment Cu
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Figure 50: PeelEx1-004 anomaly, stream sediment Cu
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9.8. DRILLING
The only reporting of any drilling being completed within the area of EL9003 was by the Fischer’s Copper Mine Pty Ltd (Blayden, 2007a). The drilling comprised 11 percussion drillholes totalling 385m with the deepest at 56m. The drilling was undertaken based on a local grid in feet and the collar locations do not appear on the Minview website. However, a plan from the Fischer’s Copper Mine report ( Mustard, 1971b) was georeferenced by Geos Mining using topographic features and the drillhole collars and underground workings were digitised from the plan (Figure 51).
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Figure 51: Fischer’s Cu Mine percussion drillholes and underground mine workings
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| Hole_ID | East (MGA20, Z56) |
North (MGA20, Z56) |
RL | Dip | Azim | Length |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PDH01 321905 6545224 564 -46.5 070 30.5 |
||||||
| PDH02 | 321906 | 6545224 | 564 | -55 | 070 | 30.5 |
| PDH03 321893 6545191 561 -67 070 35.1 |
||||||
| PDH04 | 321909 | 6545041 | 530 | -90 | 070 | 22.6 |
| PDH05 321798 6545080 541 -60 250 28.3 |
||||||
| PDH06 | 321899 | 6545023 | 527 | -70 | 250 | 35.1 |
| PDH07 321867 6545051 539 -55 070 26.5 |
||||||
| PDH08 | 321867 | 6545051 | 539 | -83 | 070 | 50.3 |
| PDH09 321854 6545061 542 -77.5 070 55.8 |
||||||
| PDH10 | 321908 | 6544953 | 509 | -51 | 250 | 35.1 |
| PDH11 321858 6545140 553 -76 070 35.1 |
Table 18: Fischer’s Copper Mine drillholes
Note: Collar co-ordinates determined from georeferenced map in Mustard, 1971b
Only one drillhole (PDH06, total length 35.1m) intersected significant mineralisation (converted from sampling depths in feet):
-
PDH06, 3.95m @ 0.54% Cu from 0.3m depth
-
PDH06, 6.08m @ 0.35% Cu from 18.3m depth
-
PDH06, 4.56m @ 2.45% Cu from 25.9m depth
PDH06 was drilled above and towards the west of the underground workings. There is insufficient information to determine the significance of the deeper intersection in PDH06, which may be a separate lens of mineralisation not intersected in the mine workings.
Overall, the results of the drilling did not support continuation down dip and along strike of the Fisher’s copper mineralisation ( Mustard, 1971b).
9.9. OPPORTUNITIES & RECOMMENDATIONS
In 2007, a review of the data by an independent geologist (Blayden, 2007a) suggested that the occurrences are far from adequately explored, either in terms of detailed mapping, by geophysical means or by drilling. Drilling has been carried out at only at one prospect (Fisher’s Copper) and the better grade mineralisation in drillhole PDH06 was not followed up.
Further exploration programs of detailed geochemistry, geophysics and drilling are warranted to evaluate the potential for economic mineralisation at the known occurrences. We consider that further exploration should have as an objective the drill testing of the better of the prospects, especially the Trough Gully, Fisher’s and Mt Pleasant prospects.
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Historical gold prospects in the northern part of EL9003 have received very limited exploration programs. Although they are listed as ‘occurrences’ only in the Minview database, further reconnaissance programs (stream sediment sampling, geological mapping) are recommended.
The ‘circular feature’ identified near the PeelEx 1-001 anomaly contains anomalous copper values in the stream sediment samples draining the prominent hill, but no other exploration data. This prospect warrants follow-up geological mapping to determine the source of the magnetic anomaly and anomalous copper values.
Similarly, the PeelEx 1-004 anomaly in the north of EL9003 requires follow-up exploration. This prospect warrants follow-up geological mapping and rock chip sampling to determine the source of the magnetic anomaly and anomalous copper values.
Geos Mining notes that the topography is quite challenging in many parts of the tenement and this may have limited the practical ability to complete geophysics surveys or drilling. However, from a technical viewpoint, we agree with the long-held concepts related to mineralisation style and probable genesis.
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10. Elsinore Project (EL9004)
10.1. MINING HISTORY
Previous work is summarised in Table 19. There has been little exploration completed within the
immediate area of EL9004 with most carried out in neighbouring prospects at Suttons Gully and Abington. The most significant exploration has been carried out by Sovereign Gold / Sugec Resources on EL7768 at the Elsinore copper prospect.
| Tenement | Company | Years | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| EL0053 | VAM LIMITED | 1966-1967 | All work at Boorolong Mo prospect, outside of EL9004. |
| EL1095 | CRA EXPLORATION PTY LIMITED | 1978-1979 | All work at Suttons Gully Sn W prospect, outside of EL9004. |
| EL1278 | JINGELLIC MINERALS NL | 1979-1981 | Diamond exploration, stream sediment samplingfor indicator elements only. |
| EL1863 | STRATEGIC METALS CORP PTY LIMITED |
1982-1985 | Most work concentrated on Suttons Gully Sn W prospect. Some Mo Sn reconnaissance at BoorolongProspect. |
| EL4822 | RIO TINTO EXPLORATION PTY LIMITED | 1995-1997 | Diamond exploration, aeromagnetics. |
| EL5458 | DIAMOND VENTURES EXPLORATION PTY LTD |
1998-2000 | Diamond exploration. |
| EL6509 | AUZEX RESOURCES LIMITED | 2006-2008 | Exploration focussed on Parlour Mountain intrusive, mainly to the east of EL9004. Soil sampling and mapping targeting Au, Mo, Bi, W, Sn. |
| EL6560 | MALACHITE RESOURCES NL | 2006-2008 | Exploration mainly to the west of EL9004. Some stream sediment sampling. |
| EL7701 | URALLA GOLD PTY LTD | 2011-2014 | Exploration to the east of EL9004 at Suttons Gully. |
| EL7768 | SOVEREIGN GOLD (SUGEC RESOURCES LIMITED) |
2011-2016 | Elsinore Cu – Geochem sampling, IP surveying. Other work outside of EL9004. |
Table 19: Previous Exploration within EL9004
10.2. MINERALISATION STYLE
The GSNSW Minview database reports only two mineral occurrences within EL9004, one of which has never been located (Table 20 and Figure 52).
| Name | Comm- odity |
Workings | Depth (m) |
Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elsinore 1 & 2 | Cu | Pits | 1.5 | Massive banded pyrrhotite within meta-basalt |
| Laura Creek | Mo | Unknown | Not located. Reported as MoS2in quartz veins |
Table 20: Mineral Occurrences within EL9004
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Figure 52: EL9004, Geology & Mineral Occurrences
The Elsinore Prospect comprises Sandon Beds greywacke and psammite with intruded felsic dykes that are crosscut by fracture zones with notable chloritization, sericitization, silicification, pyritization and kaolinization. In the eastern portion of the Elsinore occurrence, gossanous outcrop has been located but the mineralisation style was not reported (Leu, et al., 2016). However, the NSW Government mineral occurrence database refers to the occurrence as stratiform, lenticular massive type ( Brown, et al., 1992).
The Laura Creek Prospect was reported on by Andrews in 1916 as containing numerous molybdenite flakes over an extensive area. CRA visited the area in addition to the NSW Government Geologist with no success in finding the “extensive molybdenite flakes”. Field traverses by Malachite were also unsuccessful in locating the molybdenite occurrence (Derriman, 2008).
10.3. EXPLORATION
MAPPING AND LOCAL GEOLOGICAL SETTING
The local geological setting is dominated by the Late Permian monzogranite, termed the Parlour Mountain Cauldron that is located on the extreme eastern end of EL9004 and has intruded Carboniferous Sandon Beds meta-sediments. Permian volcanics and felsic intrusive dykes comprise much of the tenement area (King, 1982).
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GEOCHEMISTRY
Sugec Resources completed an extensive soil sampling program ( Robertson, 2013) covering the Elsinore Prospect and outlined several spotty Au, As, Cu, Pb and Zn anomalies. Unfortunately, while the gridded images of the soil sample results were reported, no actual assays were included in the data sets accompanying the report. The interpreted distribution of anomalies (Figure 53) suggests a weak E-W trend in the central portion of the gridded area, with NW-SE extensions that broadly mimic the orientation and location of the Permian felsic dykes.
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Figure 53: Elsinore Prospect Soil Sampling Anomalies
Outlines of anomalous areas taken from Robertson, 2013. Yellow = Au; Green = Cu; Blue = Pb; Purple = Zn
GEOPHYSICS
Sugec Resources followed up the soil survey with a detailed IP survey, using 20m station intervals along 100m spaced gridlines (probably gradient array, but this was not stated). Although anomaly maps were presented in their annual reports, the grid coordinates on the maps are illegible and the raw data was not provided. One map shows anomalous IP chargeability zones to the northwest of Elsinore Copper No.1 prospect. However, without more information on the survey procedures we cannot comment on the significance of these zones.
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10.4. DRILLING
Sugec Resources planned to complete diamond drilling at the Elsinore Prospect but it was never completed due to lack of water during drought conditions ( Robertson, 2014).
10.5. OPPORTUNITIES & RECOMMENDATIONS
There has been very little exploration completed within EL9004, but the Elsinore Prospect remains untested despite coincident anomalous geochemical and geophysical responses. In Geos Mining’s opinion, this remains as the best target for drilling, although we recommend that, prior to drilling, check sampling and geological mapping is carried out to verify the mineralisation extent and orientation.
We recommend that details of the Sovereign Gold IP survey be obtained and reviewed, if available. According to Robertson, 2014, the 2013 EL7768 Geophysical Report was submitted to the Senior Geophysicist of the NSW Geological Survey. However, a search of the DIGS database did not locate the report. Additional IP surveying may be necessary prior to any drilling to determine the extent of the chargeable response.
In the western part of EL9004, the Laura Creek molybdenum occurrences are associated with felsic porphyry dykes and monzogranites. Very little information is available for these occurrences.
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11. Tea Tree Project (EL9084)
11.1. MINING HISTORY
The NSW mineral occurrence database records a total of 18 historical quartz reef gold workings and three alluvial gold occurrences within the area covered by EL9084 (Table 21 and Figure 54). All of the workings are described as ‘small’ or ‘occurrences only’, and only a few have recorded production figures. Brown, et al., 1992, reported production from the Pioneer Reef totalled 63kg of gold from 1,682kg of ore (average >35g/t Au).
| Name | Workings | Depth (m) |
Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Black Mtn Reef |
UG, shafts, shallow pits |
30 | Numerous quartz veins in phyllite and lithic wacke. Veins up to 20 cm wide. Carbonate and quartz in approximately equal proportions. |
| Black Prince Reef |
UG, shafts, shallow pits |
7 | Some post ore shearing along joints. workings on vein trending 332 deg, subvertical. Assays of quartz veins returned 13.3-66.5ppm Au, 2-17ppm Ag (NSW Government Spatial Services, 2020). |
| Dyson's Reef | UG, Open cut, shafts, shallow pits |
40 | Line of collapsed workings follow strike of quartz-carbonate vein. Separate episodes of quartz & calcite emplacement. Minor pyrite found in quartz. Quartz locally vughy. Vein probably up to 10-20cm wide. No outcrop in workings. |
| Italian Gully | Shallow pits | 3 | Pits along spur for 50m. Dumps comprise sediments, minor vein quartz (rarely pyritic), and rare calcite. Veins up to 8 cm thick. |
| Opossum Gully |
Shallow pits | 2 | Numerous shallow pits developed on quartz-carbonate vein(s). No outcrop in pits. Some quartz is vughy and locally contains iron oxides as vugh and joint fills. Gully at foot of hill has probable old alluvial workings extending 200m downstream. |
| Pioneer Reef | UG, shafts, shallow pits |
47 | Major, infilled shafts and numerous pits along carbonate-quartz vein. This is the largest working on this vein. Abundant quartz and calcite vein material up to 20cm thick in lithic wacke. |
| Readings Reef | UG, shafts, shallow pits |
43 | Shear zone up to 4 m wide with vein or bifurcating quartz and calcite veins. Possible arsenopyrite recorded historically. Elongate over 235m in shear zone. Reef width up to 1m. |
| Readings Reef South |
Adits, shallow pits |
1 | Scattered pits along flanks and bottom of gully. Probable narrow quartz-carbonate veins shedding minor gold. |
| Shamrock Reef |
UG, shafts, shallow pits |
3 | Numerous infilled pits and probably one shaft on quartz-carbonate veins. Pyrite is visible rarely in country rock adhering to quartz. Lumps of vein material to 30cm thick. |
| Unnamed | Shallow pits | 2 | Shallow trench along arcuate vein. No carbonate, abundant, sparsely vughy, rarely pyritic quartz. |
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| Name | Workings | Depth (m) |
Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unnamed | UG, shafts, adits | Two separate sets of workings found (50m to WNW and ESE of given location). |
|
| Unnamed | UG, shafts, shallow pits |
10 | Two lines of pits with shafts at intersection. Abundant quartz, some with trains and small bungs of fine pyrite. Pyrite also as disseminations & joint fills in host rock. Minor quartz lined vughs in quartz. |
| Unnamed | Shallow pits | 1.5 | Numerous shallow pits on narrow (<2cm) quartz veins. |
| Unnamed | Shallow pits | Ploughed paddock. Float of calcite and subordinate laminated, vughy quartz in pieces up to 10cm thick. Minor pyrite and Fe oxides with quartz and calcite. Orientation of vein(s) not discernible. |
|
| Unnamed | UG, shafts, shallow pits |
7 | Workings developed on carbonate veined green, aphanitic rock with Feldspar fragments. Minor pyrite aggregates in host rock. |
| Unnamed | Open cut, shallow pits |
2 | Orientation of trenches and pits along gully at angle to regional strike suggest fault control of veins. No outcrop visible. An ore dump is located S of workings on ridge. Ferruginous metasediment returned 3400ppm As and 0.96ppm Au; vein quartz returned 652ppm As and 0.6ppm Au (NSW Government Spatial Services, 2020). |
| Teatree Creek Deep Lead |
UG, open cut, dredging and/or sluicing, shafts, shallow pits |
Small workings, may only be exploratory. Occurrences developed about margins of hill capped by basalt. |
|
| Teatree Creek Gold |
Shallow pits | 3 | Very extensive, heavily worked alluvial occurrences, comprising infilled pits and possible shafts. Workings along alluvial flats & some slopes and tributaries. |
| Red Hill | Open cut | Workings, into clay rich Tertiary sediments, ring a basalt capped hill. It is unclear if a deep lead under the basalt or if alluvials derived from these leads, were worked. |
Table 21: Mineral Occurrences within EL9084
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Figure 54: EL9084, Geology and Mineral Occurrences
11.2. HISTORICAL EXPLORATION
There have been 19 Exploration Licences that have covered parts of EL9084, but work completed within the area of the Lode tenement has been quite limited (Table 22). The most significant work programs were undertaken by Pinnacle Gold (EL7859).
11.3. GEOLOGICAL SETTING
The Teatree Creek Goldfield is located within Noumea Beds meta-sediments locally folded into open and upright structures that are cut by regional north-west trending thrusts and less common north-east or eastwest cross faults (Figure 54) ( Robertson, 2015b). The Namoi Fault passes along the western edge of the Teatree Creek Goldfield, striking parallel to the Peel Fault, dipping steeply to the west.
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| Tenement | Company | Years | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| EL0045 | AUSTMINEX NL | 1966-1967 | Includes only eastern third of EL9084 adjacent to Split Rock Reservoir. |
| EL0046 | AUSTMINEX NL | 1966-1967 | Includes only eastern third of EL9084 adjacent to Split Rock Reservoir. |
| EL0189 | SERPENTINE MINERALS NL | 1969-1971 | Includes only eastern 20% of EL9084 adjacent to Split Rock Reservoir. |
| EL1920 | ABIGNANO LIMITED | 1982-1985 | Mapping, sampling at Readings and Black Mountain Reefs. |
| EL2136 | G ABIGNANO CONS PTY LTD | 1983-1990 | Prospecting south of Pioneer Reef. |
| EL3142 | DEMITE PTY LIMITED | 1988-1990 | All work completed at Crow Mountain near the Peel Fault and outside of EL9084. |
| EL3990 | GB BRINK, D SMITH, AJ WHITE | 1991-1995 | Small EL covering Black Mountain. See comments below for EL3991. |
| EL3991 | GB BRINK | 1991-1995 | Discussion of Black Mountain and Pioneer Reef. Trenching and mapping at Tea Tree for alluvial wash; no results listed. |
| EL3992 | GB BRINK, D SMITH, AJ WHITE | 1991-1993 | On margin of EL9084 only. |
| EL4636 | MOGUL MINING NL | 1994-1996 | No work done. |
| EL4901 | UNIVERSAL SERVICES GROUP PTY LTD | 1995-1997 | No work reported. |
| EL5551 | RIMFIRE PACIFIC MINING N.L. | 1999-2004 | Tea Tree - MMI orientation soil sampling. Main area is to the east of EL9084. |
| EL6471 | DINGO RESOURCES PTY LIMITED | 2005-2007 | No reports |
| EL7148 | IRONBARK ZINC LIMITED | 2008-2011 | Work focussed on Mn occurrence outside EL9084. |
| EL7725 | PEEL GOLD PTY LTD | 2011-2015 | Abuts northern edge of EL9084 only. |
| EL7859 | PINNACLE GOLD PTY LTD | 2011-2013 | Geochemical sampling, 2 RC drillholes at Shamrock Prospect; best result 2m @ 6.32g/t Au from 35m(Grayson,2013). |
| EL7867 | PINNACLE GOLD PTY LTD | 2011-2013 | Abuts northern edge of EL9084 only. |
| EL8227 | PEEL GOLD PTY LTD | 2014-2015 | Reconnaissance only. |
| EL8277 | PEEL GOLD PTY LTD | 2014-2015 | Examination of historical workings. |
Table 22: Previous Exploration Licences within area of EL9084
To the west of the Peel Fault, Middle Devonian to Carboniferous marine shelf sediments intercalated with volcaniclastics shed from a western volcanic source and limestone reefs. The Early Carboniferous Namoi Formation (Parry Group) occurs adjacent to the Peel Fault. The Namoi Formation is comprised of isoclinally folded, steeply dipping, cleaved and rhythmically graded mudstone and siltstone with local sandstone and conglomerate. Devonian aged formations assigned to the Parry and Tamworth Groups occur to the west of the Namoi Formation.
There are two north-west trending, parallel lines of occurrences 1.5km apart, together with scattered individual vein, alluvial, and deep lead occurrences. Gold is associated with pyrite in friable subvertical narrow quartz reefs in shear zones associated with brecciation ( Robertson, 2015c).
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11.4. MINERALISATION STYLE
The style and form of individual workings was described in Robertson, 2015c, and some relevant comments are included below:
-
Readings Reef - a narrow vertical tabular ‘vein’ / ‘lode’ / ‘reef’
-
Readings Reef South - a very small alluvial gold occurrence with very minor production indicating that bedrock gold source (the shear zone that also hosts Readings Reef) has strike extent of at least 0.5km
-
Black Prince Reef - a very narrow vertical tabular ‘vein’
-
Shamrock Reef - a 4m wide zone with thin quartz- carbonate veins with gold contents that were enhanced due to surficial enrichment, easy-to-dig nature and historic low cost labour in oxidised zone
-
Black Mountain Reef, Opossum Gully, Dysons Reef, Pioneer Reef, Italian Gully, Teatree Gully - gold production was economic historically at shallow depth due to surficial enrichment and easy-to-dig nature of weathered oxidised mineralisation
-
Teatree Creek – Red Hill - three deep lead type gold occurrences located on SW, S and SE margin of a Tertiary basaltic volcanic cap. Deep lead mining was economic historically due to low cost labour.
Specific Gold, 1995, noted that one shaft at Black Mountain was “probably amenable to cleaning out and rehabilitating allowing access to at least some of the stopes, drives and winzes for mapping and sampling purposes”. It was also commented that one of the deep shafts in the southern alluvial area “consisted of sandy clay with bands of grit and gravel. The bottom of the shaft appeared to have been reamed out into a wide circle, up to 1.5m high and with drives radiating out”.
Rimfire Pacific Mining NL, 2000, noted that the Tea Tree workings are hosted by the Noumea Beds (now referred to as the Baldwin Formation) and are oriented along the northwest-trending Namoi Fault ( Rimfire Pacific Mining NL, 2000).
Brown, et al., 1992, noted the absence of obvious local granitic source rocks for the quartz-carbonate veinhosted gold mineralisation. They classified the occurrences as mesothermal and speculated that a significant proportion of the vein material was derived from the calcareous strata of the Tamworth Belt. Similarities with auriferous vein occurrences developed along the Peel Fault System, and localisation of occurrences along the regional-scale Namoi Fault, adds weight to the mesothermal style of mineralisation, with major structures providing channel ways for auriferous hydrothermal fluids.
11.5. GEOCHEMISTRY
In the GSNSW geochemistry database, only 12 stream sediment samples have been recorded from within the area of EL9084. None of these returned significant assay results.
Abignano (EL1920) and Brink (EL1991) conducted surface geochemical sampling over parts of the Tea Tree Gold Field but failed to define significant anomalies.
Pinnacle Gold (EL7859) collected 93 rock chip samples from within the area of EL9084. Assay results ranged up to 152ppm Au, 22.5ppm Ag and >1% As. Most of the samples were collected from historical workings,
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so they are likely to have been selective samples of visible mineralisation and not representative of the entire occurrences.
11.6. GEOPHYSICS
The GSNSW Peel South Exploration program covered the EL9084 area with regional scale airborne magnetics and radiometrics ( Brown, 2003). The image of the TMI-RTP data (Figure 55) shows the close association of gold occurrences to extensive magnetic linears.
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Figure 55: EL9084, Peel South program TMI-RTP, magnetic linears
11.7. DRILLING
According to the GSNSW Minview database, Specific Gold (G. Brink, EL3991) drilled two RAB drillholes and four diamond drillholes at the Tea Tree Creek Gold occurrences. However, the collar locations for all six drillholes are the same and details of the drilling were not recorded in the EL3991 Annual Reports.
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Pinnacle Gold drilled two Reverse Circulation drillholes (totalling 123m) to test down dip of the Shamrock Reef workings (Table 23). The best result was reported from hole SHM01: 2m @ 6.32 g/t Au and 5,670ppm As from 35m in a quartz-calcite vein (Figure 56) (Grayson, 2013). The scissor drillhole, SHM02 did not intersect the vein and all other sample intervals assayed <0.1 g/t Au.
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Figure 56: Shamrock Prospect RC drilling & rock chip gold assays
| Hole_ID | East (MGA20, Z56) |
North (MGA20, Z56) |
RL | Dip | Azim | Length |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SHM01 | 275504 | 6627121 | 531 | 241 | -60 | 46 |
| SHM02 | 275453 | 6627096 | 545 | 61 | -60 | 77 |
Table 23: Shamrock Prospect, historical drillholes
11.8. OPPORTUNITIES & RECOMMENDATIONS
The Tea Tree Project comprises several small mesothermal gold occurrences that are structurally controlled and related to the Namoi Fault and a N-trending magnetic linear to the east of the Namoi Fault. Historical gold production has been limited but the very high gold grades would have been attractive to historical miners. The lack of virtually any drilling presents an opportunity for Lode to test below the extent of the
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historical mining, which probably targeted supergene enrichment at the base of complete oxidation (BOCO). The potential for auriferous mineralisation hosted by quartz-sulphide veins below the BOCO is quite good along the interpreted structural corridor.
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12. Thor Project (EL9085)
12.1. MINING HISTORY
The NSW mineral occurrence database records a total of six historical workings within the area covered by EL9085 (Table 24 and Figure 57).
| Name Comm- odity Workings |
Name Comm- odity Workings |
Name Comm- odity Workings |
Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unnamed | Au | Alluvial | Small alluvial workings in creek. | |
| Unnamed | Au | UG | Shaft at the edge of alluvium. | |
| Unnamed | Au | Alluvial | Alluvialgold intermittentlyrecovered bylocals. | |
| Old Willaroi Creek Alluvials |
Au | Shallow pits |
Historical records and presence of old cradle and gold pan on creek bank suggest gold was won from main creek and tributary. Gold possibly derived from conglomerates. Production 1891-1931. Diamonds also recovered in the Maules Creek area. |
|
| Unnamed | Au | Pits | Smallpit onquartz vein. | |
| Unnamed | Mag | UG | Magnetite bodywith shaft. |
Table 24: Mineral Occurrences within EL9085
12.2. EXPLORATION HISTORY
There have been eight Exploration Licences that have covered parts of EL9085, but work completed within the Lode tenement is quite limited (Table 25). Exploration completed by Pinnacle Gold (EL7868) is the only significant exploration completed.
| Tenement | Company | Years | COMMENTS |
|---|---|---|---|
| EL0343 | HARRINGTON, H J | 1970-1971 | Covers southern 20% only. Extensive geological mappingdiscussion. |
| EL0457 | AUDIMCO LIMITED | 1971-1972 | Diamond exploration. |
| EL2829 | CRA EXPLORATION PTY LTD | 1987-1988 | Almost entirely outside of EL9085. |
| EL4179 | ALPHADALE PTY LIMITED | 1992-1994 | Almost entirely outside of EL9085. |
| EL4786 | ALPHADALE PTY LIMITED / WERRIE GOLD |
1995-1997 | Most work outside of EL9085. Two magnetite occurrences noted. |
| EL6457 | SUNMUSTARD PTY LTD | 2005-2007 | Almost entirely outside of EL9085. |
| EL7860 | PINNACLE GOLD PTY LTD | 2011-2012 | Almost entirelyoutside of EL9085. |
| EL7868 | PINNACLE GOLD PTY LTD | 2011-2013 | Prospecting, limited stream sediment sampling. |
Table 25: Previous Exploration within EL9085
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12.3. GEOLOGICAL SETTING
EL9085 occurs within Carboniferous sediments and pyroclastics of the Tamworth Belt (Figure 57).
The most obvious structural feature within EL9085 is the Rocky Creek Syncline and a smaller anticline located on the western edge of the syncline (Figure 57, Figure 58). Along the faulted axis of the syncline are fluvioglacial to glacial sediments, piedmont conglomerates and ash flow tuffs of the Carboniferous Rocky Creek Conglomerate. These overlie coarser fluvial sandstones and conglomerates with airfall tuffs of the Clifden Formation that occupies much of the syncline. In places the fluvial system lies directly on the underlying shelf mudstones of the Namoi Formation and volcaniclastic turbidites of the Luton Formation. The western edge of the Rocky Creek Syncline is upfaulted, and a small faulted anticline occurs between the upfaulted block and syncline proper. The core of the anticline consists of recessive fluvial Caroda Formation surrounded by a rim of more resistant glacial piedmont of the Spion Kop Conglomerate.
==> picture [483 x 384] intentionally omitted <==
Figure 57: EL9085, Geology and Mineral Occurrences
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12.4. MINERALISATION STYLE
Mineralisation in the area of EL9085 is dominated by alluvial gold occurrences near the western boundary and a single hard rock gold occurrence near the eastern boundary, which the GSNSW Minview mineral occurrence database describes as a structurally controlled low sulphide hydrothermal quartz vein gold occurrence.
Grayson, 2013a, reported that the GSNSW database “shows four areas of alluvial workings within the anticline. The easternmost of these is situated within a short valley draining the upper and lower contacts of the Spion Kop Conglomerate, and the Peri Rhyodacite, which forms a sharp ridge. The three western areas all drain the Spion Kop Conglomerate. Given the strong possibility that the Peri Rhyodacite has been unrecognized on the western side of the anticline, either this unit or the conglomerate are the most likely sources for the gold.
Within the syncline the Oakey Creek alluvials occur downstream from a small auriferous quartz vein but also drain the Spion Kop Conglomerate. The alluvials were deposited at a change in slope, where the drainage leaves low hills of coarse fluvial rocks (Caroda Formation) and enters onto a plain of marine mudrock (Namoi Formation).
An alluvial working in Maules Creek is 1.5-2km downstream from outcropping Spion Kop Conglomerate, and also rhyodacite, but could be sourced from nearby hillsides of Clifden Formation.”
Two magnetite occurrences were noted by Werrie Gold. Both are located at or very close to already identified workings (see Table 24) but sampling did not result in any anomalous gold values (Plumridge, 1998).
12.5. GEOCHEMISTRY
Pinnacle Gold reported anomalous gold-in-stream sediment BLEG samples from previous exploration by Werrie Gold (EL4786) (data not found in the GSNSW database) and these have been plotted in Figure 58. Some anomalous results coincide with the anticlinal axis of the western anticline (see Section 12.3) but Pinnacle Gold did not reproduce these results from follow up sampling.
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Figure 58: Historical Stream Sediment BLEG sampling, Au ppb
EL9085 = red outline; EL4786 = black outline
12.6. GEOPHYSICS
Regional airborne magnetics flown by GSNSW shows the differentiation of the various regional geological units and several possible cross-cutting structures (Figure 59). The significance of these cross-cutting structures has not been determined.
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Figure 59: EL9085, Regional TMI-RTP and interpreted structures
12.7. DRILLING
There has been no drilling reported from within the area of EL9085.
12.8. OPPORTUNITIES
The Thor Project covers a structurally disturbed sequence of Carboniferous sediments and pyroclastics/ epiclastics between the Peel and Hunter-Mooki Fault Systems. There are a few scattered indications of gold mineralisation from historical workings, but there has been virtually no exploration completed, apart from known mineralisation prospecting.
Review and re-interpretation of the regional airborne magnetics data may define zones of possible structural disruption that could provide channel ways for mineralising fluids.
The opportunity for Lode Resources lies in this unexplored nature of the tenement and it is recommended that initially a ‘boots-on-ground’ approach is taken to carefully prospect the areas outside of known
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mineral occurrences. Selective geochemical sampling is also recommended once the prospective stratigraphy is identified in areas of structural complexity.
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13. Uralla West Project (EL9087)
13.1. MINING HISTORY
The GSNSW mineral occurrence database records no historical workings within the area covered by EL9087.
13.2. EXPLORATION HISTORY
There have been five Exploration Licences that have covered parts of EL9087 (Table 26). Exploration completed by Sugec Resources / Sovereign Gold is the only significant exploration completed.
| Tenement | Company | Years | COMMENTS |
|---|---|---|---|
| EL0204 | CRA EXPLORATION | 1969 - 1970 | Targeted tungsten and molybdenum mineralisation with regionalgeochemistry. |
| EL0327 | GULLIVER, E | 1970 - 1972 | No exploration within area of EL9087. |
| EL0570 | MINERAL DEPOSITS LTD | 1980 - 1982 | No exploration within area of EL9087. |
| EL1496 | BROKEN HILL METALS NL | 1980 - 1982 | Tested alluvial gold potential. |
| EL7491 | SUGEC RESOURCES / SOVEREIGN GOLD |
2010 - 2020 | Exploration targeting Reduced Intrusion- Related Gold Systems. |
Table 26: Previous Exploration within EL9087
13.3. GEOLOGICAL SETTING
The area covered by EL9087 lies within the Woolomin-Texas Block of the New England Orogen. Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous Sandon Beds (deep water metasediments) have been intruded by several late Permian to Early Triassic I-type to S-type felsic plutons and dykes (Figure 60).
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Figure 60: EL9087, Geology and Mineral Occurrences
13.4. MINERALISATION STYLE
Exploration programs undertaken by the Sugec Resources / Sovereign Gold joint venture identified two prospect areas, termed the Bannaweera 1 and Bannaweera 2 structures (Figure 60). These prospects were identified from interpretation of airborne magnetics-radiometrics data and further defined by geological mapping and geochemical sampling.
Geological mapping, rock chip sampling and diamond drilling determined that the NE-trending structures resulted in phyllic alteration and brecciation of the host rock (Sandon Bed metasediments and felsic dykes). Gold mineralisation was associated with sheeted veins within the same felsic dyke that hosts the Martin’s Shaft prospect in EL8980. Brittle fracturing of this dyke allowed mineralising fluids to permeate through the rock, depositing disseminated gold.
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13.5. GEOCHEMISTRY
Sovereign Gold collected 36 rock chip samples from outcrops along the NE-trending structure. Assay values ranged from <0.01 to 2.32 ppm Au, 0.1 to >100 ppm Ag, 9 to 22,500 ppm As and 1.5 to 5,410 ppm Sb. Sodium depletion frequently correlated with alteration associated with anomalous gold (Leu & Robertson, 2013b). The sampling method was not reported, but it was probably selective grab samples of mineralised or gossanous material and therefore these values do not necessarily reflect the average grade of the mineralisation.
Sugec Resources followed up with a 40m x 100m grid soil sampling program (2,300 samples). Assay results defined a broad gold anomaly (>1.5 ppb Au) on the NE side of the felsic dyke that hosts the Martin’s Shaft prospect, as well as two small clusters further north (Figure 61). The structure that hosts the Bannaweera 1 prospect also shows up as a distinct NE-trending anomaly in both gold and arsenic soil assays.
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Figure 61: EL9087, soil results from EL7491, Au (ppb)
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Figure 62: EL9087, soil results from EL7491, As (ppm)
13.6. GEOPHYSICS
The Sovereign Gold 2011 aeromagnetic survey covered the eastern half of the EL9087 area (Figure 30). A magnetic high was defined along the southern contact of the NW-trending felsic dyke that hosts the Martin’s Shaft prospect in EL8980.
Sugec Resources followed up with a ground magnetics survey in 2013 ( Leu & Robertson, 2013b) (Figure 63). This survey confirmed the anomalies from the airborne magnetics.
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Figure 63: Sugec Resources 2013 ground magnetics
13.7. DRILLING
Sovereign Gold completed a program of seven shallow diamond drillholes (totalling 206.9m), using BQ-size core, along the Bannaweera 1 structure in 2013 (Table 27, Figure 64).
Sugec Resources completed a further 18 diamond drillholes in 2013, 13 using HQ core (1,391m) and 3 using BQ core (121.1m) on the Bannaweera 1 prospect and 2 using HQ core (257.9m) on the Bannaweera 2 prospect.
The drilling was close-spaced, on average around 30m on the main part of the Bannaweera 1 zone, and, with short lengths, did not test much stratigraphy.
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| HOLE_ID | DRILL_TYPE | East MGA94 |
North MGA94 |
RL | Azim | Dip | Length (m) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SGRDD036 DD-BQ |
345937 6611550 993 100 -60 20.2 |
||||||
| SGRDD037 | DD-BQ | 345952 | 6611577 | 994 | 105 | -60 | 16.9 |
| SGRDD038 DD-BQ |
345938 6611587 992 105 -70 45.3 |
||||||
| SGRDD039 | DD-BQ | 345848 | 6611426 | 983 | 100 | -60 | 18.1 |
| SGRDD043 DD-BQ |
345836 6611429 981 98 -60 52.5 |
||||||
| SGRDD044 | DD-BQ | 345984 | 6611628 | 995 | 100 | -70 | 31.6 |
| SGRDD045 DD-BQ |
346490 6612619 994 100 -70 22.3 |
||||||
| ZK0001 | DD-HQ | 345907 | 6611565 | 990 | 116.5 | -75 | 150.4 |
| ZK0003 DD-HQ |
345896 6611570 989 116.5 -75 146.3 |
||||||
| ZK0005 | DD-HQ | 345861 | 6611588 | 987 | 116.5 | -75 | 220.1 |
| ZK0301 DD-HQ |
345856 6611479 992 116.5 -60 54 |
||||||
| ZK0701 | DD-HQ | 345819 | 6611403 | 979 | 116.5 | -60 | 33.9 |
| ZK0703 DD-HQ |
345769 6611409 971 116.5 -75 204.5 |
||||||
| ZK0303 | DD-HQ | 345838 | 6611487 | 983 | 116.5 | -75 | 141.1 |
| ZK0401 DD-HQ |
345956 6611646 993 116.5 -75 159 |
||||||
| ZK0801 | DD-HQ | 346003 | 6611736 | 1002 | 116.5 | -75 | 128 |
| ZK0901 DD-HQ |
345788 6611359 974 116.5 -70 33.6 |
||||||
| ZK1101 | DD-HQ | 345763 | 6611301 | 968 | 116.5 | -60 | 52.7 |
| ZK1201 DD-HQ |
346079 6611813 1006 116.5 -70 21.6 |
||||||
| ZK1001 | DD-HQ | 346056 | 6611768 | 1006 | 116.5 | -70 | 45.8 |
| ZK3201 DD-BQ |
346343 6612271 1001 116.5 -70 32 |
||||||
| ZK3801 | DD-BQ | 346395 | 6612404 | 1005 | 116.5 | -70 | 44.3 |
| ZK4801 DD-BQ |
346484 6612624 1002 116.5 -70 44.8 |
||||||
| ZK20001 | DD-HQ | 345554 | 6613042 | 1006 | 125 | -75 | 145.5 |
| ZK23001 DD-HQ |
345958 6613673 1006 125 -75 112.4 |
Table 27: Diamond drilling at Bannaweera Prospect by Sovereign Gold & Sugec Resources
The drill core intersected narrow zones of alteration and quartz veining in metasediments and porphyritic felsic dykes. Lithological data was not provided in data files available from the NSW Government database (DIGS). This information has been sought from former Sovereign Gold personnel, but without success as at the date of this report.
Assay results showed several zones of low to moderate gold grades. Significant intervals, at >0.5 g/t Au cutoff, are presented in Table 28. Most other sampling intervals returned assays <0.5 g/t Au.
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| HOLE_ID | From | To | Interval | Au g/t | Ag g/t |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SGRDD036 | 7.0 | 11.85 | 4.85 | 2.75 | 0.5 |
| SGRDD038 | 37.0 | 40.0 | 3.0 | 1.21 | 0.7 |
| SGRDD039 | 4.0 | 13.85 | 9.85 | 1.26 | 13.8 |
| SGRDD043 | 31.0 | 33.0 | 2.0 | 2.01 | 4.2 |
| ZK0001 | 79.5 | 81.5 | 2.0 | 0.90 | 0.5 |
| ZK0001 | 91.0 | 96.0 | 5.0 | 1.56 | 0.4 |
| ZK0003 | 101.85 | 110.8 | 8.95 | 0.80 | 0.8 |
| ZK0301 | 43.77 | 47.2 | 3.43 | 1.68 | 0.3 |
| ZK0303 | 172.6 | 175.6 | 3.0 | 0.56 | 0.4 |
| ZK0701 | 13.79 | 27.69 | 13.9 | 1.45 | 11.9 |
| ZK0703 | 185.6 | 188.8 | 3.2 | 1.17 | 2.7 |
| ZK0901 | 14.62 | 20.1 | 5.48 | 1.24 | 54.3 |
| ZK3201 | 14.79 | 17.8 | 3.01 | 0.61 | 0.3 |
| ZK23001 | 9.15 | 11.73 | 2.58 | 0.87 | 0.3 |
Table 28: Significant assay intervals from Bannaweera Prospect drilling
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Figure 64: Diamond drilling at Bannaweera Prospect by Sovereign Gold & Sugec Resources
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13.8. OPPORTUNITIES
The exploration programs completed over the Bannaweera Prospect have detected significant gold mineralisation. The drilling programs have intersected narrow mineralised zones but have not fully tested the anomalous zones.
The mineralisation includes disseminated sulphides, so further work should include IP surveys to delineate the alteration / mineralisation zones prior to deeper drilling.
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14. Risks
14.1. RISK ASSESSMENT
Mineral exploration is a high-risk business with no guarantee of success. The Lode Resources projects are at an early stage of development and additional exploration may not necessarily define Mineral Resources or Ore Reserves
Geos Mining has limited the scope of this risk assessment to major factors relevant to the Lode projects. There has been no consideration of political stability, or of the financial risk arising from any lack of liquidity. While we have based our assessment on foreseeable and quantifiable risks, we make no guarantee that all material risks have been included in this assessment.
14.2. DATA
The majority of the data used in this assessment of the Lode projects is based on historical exploration results. We have assumed that the historical work was undertaken by competent geoscientists and have taken the results at face value. However, in many instances, the full details of how the data were obtained were not reported. We do not believe that these omissions make a material difference to the understanding of the mineral projects.
We have assumed that the historical rock chip sampling, in most cases, has been selective of better-looking mineralised material that has provided assay results that are indicative of the upper levels of likely grades but do not represent the average tenor of the bulk mineralisation. We do not regard this as a major issue since drilling assays are the main criteria for assessing the value of a mineral deposit.
A high proportion of the historical exploration was undertaken prior to the use of GPS units. Locations of samples and drillholes would have been based on topographic maps or airphotos and may have a significant positional error. Unless historical drillhole collars can still be found in the field, and their positions verified, there is a risk that the reported positions are inaccurate. For the purposes of this report, we have assumed that the inaccuracies are either immaterial or can be readily checked with validation drilling.
14.3. TENURE
New South Wales has an extensive mining history and generally supports ongoing exploration activities. However, security of tenure will depend on the company meeting its obligations with respect to compliance with the Mining Act and terms and conditions of the licence, such as expenditure commitments and environmental management, or risk losing tenure. Tenement holders must also comply with the Exploration Codes of Practice, including the Environmental Management Code, the Rehabilitation Code, and the Community Consultation Code.
We have assumed that Lode Resources will comply with the terms and conditions of the Exploration Licences and that ongoing tenure will apply.
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14.4. ACCESS
The majority of the ground within the Lode ELs is freehold land, for which the company requires an Access and Compensation Agreement with the landholder. Best-practice exploration depends on a respectful relationship between explorers and landholders. We have been advised by Lode personnel that such agreements are in place for the main prospects on which drilling is proposed.
Any exploration activity that results in disturbance of the surface requires approval from the NSW Government Resources Regulator. The explorer also needs to deposit assessed security funding to cover rehabilitation costs should the explorer default on their obligations to restore the surface to an appropriate standard of rehabilitation. Lode has provided approvals for three proposed drilling programs on EL8980 (Uralla), EL8933 (Webbs Consols) and EL9003 (Trough Gully).
15. Conclusions
The Lode Resources tenements contain many different styles of mineralisation, but almost all of the significant prospects are associated with structural controls resulting in small-medium tonnage, high grade potential. However, if these prospects are surface expressions of IRGS systems at depth, then bulk tonnage targets may be worth pursuing.
All tenements warrant further exploration programs, including drilling.
In our opinion, the more significant projects that have been defined at this stage are:
-
Webbs Consols (EL8933, silver, zinc, lead)
-
Lucky Lucy (EL8933, silver, zinc, lead)
-
Hudson’s prospect (EL8980, gold)
-
Martin’s Shaft (EL8980, gold)
-
McCrossin’s (EL8980, gold-?copper)
-
Trough Gully (EL9003, copper, gold)
-
Bannaweera (EL9087, gold, silver)
All of these prospects warrant drilling, based on information already at hand. However, some additional work, especially IP surveys and grid based soil geochemistry utilising a portable XRF analyser followed up with RAB drilling, may be worthwhile to better define the targets prior to drilling.
Other prospects worthy of detailed exploration (IP surveys, geological mapping, geochemical sampling) include:
-
Elsinore (EL9004, gold, copper)
-
Kasey (EL9003, copper)
-
Goldsworth (EL8980, gold)
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- Tangoa & Tangoa West (EL8933, silver, lead, zinc, gold)
16. Proposed Exploration Programs
Lode Resources has proposed two scenarios for Exploration Programs and Budgets:
-
Scenario 1: Minimum Subscription totalling $5.0M
-
Scenario 2: Maximum Subscription totalling $7.5M
Proposed expenditure for the first two years under the two scenarios is summarised in Table 29.
| Project | Program | Scenario 1 | Scenario 1 | Scenario 2 | Scenario 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year 1 (A$) |
Year 2 (A$) |
Year 1 (A$) |
Year 2 (A$) |
||
| EL8933 - Webbs Consol |
IP geophysics Drilling |
13,300 227,900 |
0 321,600 |
13,300 333,800 |
0 422,900 |
| EL8980 – Uralla & EL9087 – Uralla West |
Soil sampling, mapping IP geophysics7 RAB drilling Diamond drilling |
6,600 13,300 82,000 230,900 |
0 0 0 322,400 |
31,500 13,300 82,000 322,400 |
0 0 0 423,800 |
| EL9003 - Fender | Trough Gullydrilling | 229,400 | 321,600 | 334,900 | 422,800 |
| EL9004 - Elsinore | Geochemical sampling IP geophysics Diamond drilling |
26,500 0 0 |
0 28,400 0 |
26,500 20,000 0 |
0 0 328,900 |
| EL9084 - Tea Tree | Geochemical sampling Geophysics Diamond drilling |
35,300 0 0 |
0 20,000 0 |
26,500 20,000 0 |
0 0 328,900 |
| EL9085 - Thor | Geochemical sampling Geophysics Diamond drilling |
36,800 0 0 |
0 20,000 0 |
38,000 20,000 0 |
0 0 328,900 |
| Miscellaneous | Personnel, administration, equipment |
278,000 | 228,800 | 510,300 | 391,900 |
| Contingency 15% | 177,000 | 189,400 | 270,400 | 397,200 | |
| TOTAL EXPLORATION PROGRAM |
$1,357,000 | $1,452,200 | $2,072,900 | $3,045,300 |
Table 29: Summary Exploration Programs & Budgets
In Geos Mining’s opinion, the proposed program and expenditure levels appear reasonable for the current state of knowledge of the projects.
7 IP programs have already been conducted over four prospects within EL8980
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Appendix 1 – Land Tenure Maps
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Figure 65: EL8933, Crown Land Distribution (orange polygons)
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Geos Mining project 2849-01
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Figure 66: EL8980 & EL9087, Cadastral lots & Crown Land Distribution (orange polygons)
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Figure 67: EL9003, Crown Land Distribution (orange polygons)
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Figure 68: EL9004, Crown Land Distribution (orange polygons)
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Figure 69: EL9084 & EL9085, Crown Land Distribution (orange polygons)
National Parks – solid green; State Forests – green hatch
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Appendix 2 - Native Title & Indigenous Heritage Sites
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Figure 70: Lode ELs, Native Title Status
Appendix 2 | 147
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Figure 71: EL8933, Indigenous Cultural Heritage Sites
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Figure 72: EL8980, EL9004 & EL9087, Indigenous Cultural Heritage Sites
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Figure 73: EL9003, Indigenous Cultural Heritage Sites
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Figure 74: EL9084 & EL9085, Indigenous Cultural Heritage Sites
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| Tenement | Label | Site ID | Site name | Longitude GDA94 |
Latitude GDA94 |
Datum | Zone | Easting | Northing | Context | Combined Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EL8933 | 8933-01 | 11-3-0111 | Willows stone flakes | 151.4586 | -29.4865 | GDA | 56 | 350564 | 6737119 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL8933 | 8933-02 | 12-1-0123 | Emmaville SF AS7 | 151.5118 | -29.4697 | GDA | 56 | 355699 | 6739053 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL8933 | 8933-03 | 11-6-0061 | EL22 | 151.4513 | -29.5192 | AGD | 56 | 349800 | 6733300 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL8933 | 8933-04 | 11-3-0114 | Willows stone artefact seven hills |
151.4495 | -29.4903 | GDA | 56 | 349693 | 6736694 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL8980 | 8980-01 | 21-4-0040 | Invergowrie JA2; | 151.5257 | -30.5035 | AGD | 56 | 358420 | 6624310 | Open site | Artefact Isolated Find |
| EL8980 | 8980-02 | 20-3-0061 | JA/TEAT2 | 151.4881 | -30.4940 | AGD | 56 | 354790 | 6625310 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL8980 | 8980-03 | 20-6-0067 | Barley Uralla L&H P1 | 151.4964 | -30.6247 | GDA | 56 | 355890 | 6611030 | Open site | Potential Archaeological Deposit(PAD) |
| EL8980 | 8980-04 | 21-4-0097 | Dangars Uralla L&H P1 | 151.5071 | -30.6801 | GDA | 56 | 357000 | 6604900 | Open site | Potential Archaeological Deposit(PAD) |
| EL8980 | 8980-05 | 20-6-0069 | RACECOURSE ISO 2 | 151.4920 | -30.6761 | AGD | 56 | 355440 | 6605130 | Open site | Artefact 1 |
| EL8980 | 8980-06 | 20-6-0070 | RACECOURSE OS 1 | 151.4931 | -30.6764 | AGD | 56 | 355548 | 6605100 | Open site | Artefact 1 |
| EL8980 | 8980-07 | 21-4-0108 | BARLEY M1 | 151.5284 | -30.6267 | GDA | 56 | 358963 | 6610845 | Open site | Artefact 1 |
| EL8980 | 8980-08 | 20-6-0068 | RACECOURSE ISO 3 | 151.4908 | -30.6783 | GDA | 56 | 355430 | 6605080 | Open site | Artefact 1 |
| EL8980 | 8980-09 | 21-4-0109 | Barley OS 5 | 151.5225 | -30.6320 | GDA | 56 | 358407 | 6610250 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL8980 | 8980-10 | 21-4-0110 | Barley OS 1 | 151.5272 | -30.6267 | GDA | 56 | 358850 | 6610840 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL8980 | 8980-11 | 21-4-0111 | Barley OS 2 | 151.5240 | -30.6274 | GDA | 56 | 358540 | 6610760 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL8980 | 8980-12 | 21-4-0112 | Barley OS 3 | 151.5231 | -30.6282 | GDA | 56 | 358450 | 6610670 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL8980 | 8980-13 | 21-4-0113 | Barley OS4 | 151.5220 | -30.6301 | GDA | 56 | 358349 | 6610456 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL8980 | 8980-14 | 21-1-0052 | Invergowrie JA3; | 151.5324 | -30.4908 | AGD | 56 | 359040 | 6625720 | Open site | Artefact Isolated Find |
| EL8980 | 8980-15 | 20-6-0018 | Church Gully Uralla | 151.4630 | -30.6986 | AGD | 56 | 352700 | 6602600 | Closed site | Artefact Shelter with Deposit |
| EL8980 | 8980-16 | 20-3-0042 | JA/Teat 1 | 151.4884 | -30.4944 | AGD | 56 | 354820 | 6625270 | Open site | Artefact Open Camp Site |
| EL8980 | 8980-17 | 20-3-0043 | JA/pinn 1 | 151.4825 | -30.4875 | AGD | 56 | 354250 | 6626030 | Open site | Artefact Open Camp Site |
| EL8980 | 8980-18 | 20-6-0019 | Pinnacle Cherry Hill | 151.4826 | -30.4941 | AGD | 56 | 354270 | 6625290 | Open site | Axe Grinding Groove |
| EL8980 | 8980-19 | 21-4-0075 | JA/ Invg 1 | 151.5141 | -30.5025 | AGD | 56 | 357300 | 6624400 | Open site | Artefact 27 |
| EL8980 | 8980-20 | 21-4-0167 | Barley Q 4 | 151.5231 | -30.6284 | AGD | 56 | 358349 | 6610456 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9003 | 5885-01 | 29-3-0047 | Kootingal ST 2 | 151.1317 | -31.0691 | AGD | 56 | 321645 | 6561053 | Open site | Modified Tree (Carved or Scarred) |
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| Tenement | Label | Site ID | Site name | Longitude GDA94 |
Latitude GDA94 |
Datum | Zone | Easting | Northing | Context | Combined Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EL9003 | 5885-02 | 29-2-0074 | Tamworth Airport Boundary;TAB; |
151.2110 | -31.1167 | AGD | 56 | 329300 | 6555900 | Open site | Artefact Isolated Find |
| EL9004 | 5895-01 | 20-3-0072 | LAURA CREEK OS1 | 151.3878 | -30.2625 | AGD | 56 | 344800 | 6650840 | Open site | Artefact 1 |
| EL9084 | 6016-01 | 20-5-0014 | Manilla River; Oakvale | 150.6928 | -30.5167 | AGD | 56 | 278500 | 6621500 | Open site | Artefact Open Camp Site |
| EL9085 | 6020-01 | 20-4-0938 | BC 19/1 | 150.3300 | -30.6297 | GDA | 56 | 244078 | 6608394 | Open site | Artefact, Hearth |
| EL9085 | 6020-02 | 20-4-0939 | BC 19/2 | 150.3300 | -30.6318 | GDA | 56 | 244086 | 6608160 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-03 | 20-4-0940 | BC 19/3 | 150.3305 | -30.6314 | GDA | 56 | 244132 | 6608211 | Open site | Modified Tree (Carved or Scarred) |
| EL9085 | 6020-04 | 20-4-0941 | BC 19/4 | 150.3295 | -30.6313 | GDA | 56 | 244033 | 6608220 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-05 | 20-4-0889 | BC_FL_IF 1/17 | 150.3310 | -30.6294 | GDA | 56 | 244176 | 6608436 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-06 | 20-4-0890 | BC_FL_AS 3/17 | 150.3298 | -30.6296 | GDA | 56 | 244057 | 6608404 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-07 | 20-4-0891 | BC_FL_IF 4/17 | 150.3289 | -30.6297 | GDA | 56 | 243977 | 6608399 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-08 | 20-4-0892 | BC_FL_IF 5/17 | 150.3330 | -30.6304 | GDA | 56 | 244374 | 6608323 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-09 | 20-4-0893 | BC_FL_IF 6/17 | 150.3308 | -30.6293 | GDA | 56 | 244155 | 6608439 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-10 | 20-4-0894 | BC_FL_IF 18/17 | 150.3299 | -30.6296 | GDA | 56 | 244070 | 6608404 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-11 | 20-4-0896 | BC_FL_T 10/17 | 150.3287 | -30.6298 | GDA | 56 | 243959 | 6608380 | Open site | Modified Tree (Carved or Scarred) |
| EL9085 | 6020-12 | 20-4-0864 | BC5/18 | 150.3997 | -30.5936 | GDA | 56 | 250671 | 6612550 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-13 | 20-4-0870 | BC1/18 | 150.3877 | -30.6361 | GDA | 56 | 249631 | 6607814 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-14 | 20-1-0140 | Wirradale AS25 | 150.2968 | -30.4243 | GDA | 56 | 240355 | 6631095 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-15 | 20-1-0141 | Wirradale AS24 | 150.3032 | -30.4202 | GDA | 56 | 240956 | 6631563 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-16 | 20-4-0095 | Dripping Rock Cave Site |
150.2975 | -30.5947 | AGD | 56 | 240767 | 6612008 | Closed site | Aboriginal Resource and Gathering, Shell, Modified Tree (Carved or Scarred) 1, Water Hole |
| EL9085 | 6020-17 | 20-1-0092 | Willeroi AS10 | 150.3275 | -30.4498 | GDA | 56 | 243364 | 6628333 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-18 | 20-1-0093 | Willeroi AS9 | 150.3286 | -30.4483 | GDA | 56 | 243467 | 6628505 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-19 | 20-1-0094 | Willeroi AS8 | 150.3268 | -30.4466 | GDA | 56 | 243293 | 6628695 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-20 | 20-1-0095 | Willeroi AS7 | 150.3308 | -30.4391 | GDA | 56 | 243662 | 6629531 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-21 | 20-1-0096 | Willeroi AS1 | 150.3264 | -30.4309 | GDA | 56 | 243214 | 6630433 | Open site | Artefact |
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| Tenement | Label | Site ID | Site name | Longitude GDA94 |
Latitude GDA94 |
Datum | Zone | Easting | Northing | Context | Combined Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EL9085 | 6020-22 | 20-1-0097 | Willeroi AS2 | 150.3233 | -30.4302 | GDA | 56 | 242910 | 6630505 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-23 | 20-1-0098 | Willeroi AS3 | 150.3228 | -30.4288 | GDA | 56 | 242862 | 6630653 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-24 | 20-1-0099 | Willeroi AS4 | 150.3127 | -30.4286 | GDA | 56 | 241894 | 6630659 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-25 | 20-1-0100 | Willeroi AS5 | 150.3283 | -30.4384 | GDA | 56 | 243420 | 6629604 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-26 | 20-1-0101 | Willeroi AS6 | 150.3281 | -30.4367 | GDA | 56 | 243396 | 6629789 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-27 | 20-1-0102 | Willeroi AS11 | 150.3316 | -30.4650 | GDA | 56 | 243801 | 6626664 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-28 | 20-1-0103 | Willeroi IA2 | 150.3244 | -30.4216 | GDA | 56 | 242993 | 6631455 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-29 | 20-1-0104 | Willeroi IA1 | 150.3315 | -30.4403 | GDA | 56 | 243728 | 6629402 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-30 | 20-1-0105 | Willeroi AS15 | 150.3297 | -30.4479 | GDA | 56 | 243574 | 6628552 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-31 | 20-1-0107 | Willeroi AS13 | 150.3125 | -30.4441 | GDA | 56 | 241916 | 6628935 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-32 | 20-1-0108 | Willeroi AS12 | 150.3243 | -30.4725 | GDA | 56 | 243120 | 6625808 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-33 | 20-1-0109 | Willeroi IA3 | 150.3353 | -30.4710 | GDA | 56 | 244169 | 6626009 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-34 | 20-1-0111 | Willeroi Artefact 01 | 150.3347 | -30.4756 | GDA | 56 | 244124 | 6625492 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9085 | 6020-35 | 20-1-0161 | Mt Lindsay AS4 | 150.3158 | -30.3663 | GDA | 56 | 242021 | 6637564 | Open site | Artefact |
| EL9087 | 6153-01 | 20-6-0010 | Balala | 151.36 | -30.63 | AGD | 56 | 342400 | 6610500 | Closed site | Art (Pigment or Engraved): - Shelter with Art |
Table 30: List of Indigenous Cultural Sites
Appendix 2 | 154
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Appendix 3 – Areas of Environmental Concern
| Item | Description |
|---|---|
| Red filledpolygons | TravellingStock Reserves(high conservation values) |
| Orange filledpolygons | TravellingStock Reserves(medium conservation values) |
| Green filledpolygons | Strategic Agricultural Land |
| Filled circles | Critically endangered (red), endangered (orange), vulnerable (yellow), not threatened(green) |
| Unfilled circles | Flora surveys |
| Filled squares | Koala sightings |
| Green andpurplepolylines | Threatened freshwater fish |
Table 31: Legend for areas of environmental concern
For Figure 75 to Figure 80
Appendix 3 | 155
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Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
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Figure 75: EL8933 Environmental Values
Appendix 3 | 156
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Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
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Figure 76: EL8980 and EL9087 Environmental Values
Appendix 3 | 157
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Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
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Figure 77: EL9003 Environmental Values
Appendix 3 | 158
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Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
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Figure 78: EL9004 Environmental Values
Appendix 3 | 159
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Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
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Figure 79: EL9084 Environmental Values
Appendix 3 | 160
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Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited - New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
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Figure 80: EL9085 Environmental Values
Appendix 3 | 161
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Appendix 4 – List of Mineral Occurrences within Lode tenements
Source: GSNSW Minview Mineral occurrences database & historical exploration reports.
While the GSNSW classifies the historical occurrences by size, these classifications are not being disclosed as the basis for the classifications is unknown and/or unreliable. Furthermore, the Competent Person and/or company does not consider that the classifications should be relied upon by investors in any investment decision.
| Lode_EL | Strike | Description | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Occurrence Name | Comm | Long | Lat | Oper. | Depth | Dip Di |
|||
| r | |||||||||
| EL8933 Bartons quarry Pb, Ag, Zn, Au 151.47659 -29.49605 o/c & u/g mine 3 258 348 Underground workings, open cut(s), shaft(s), shallow pits or scrapings. Pipe-like in the 348 strikingfracture zone -joint,dips 83 to west. |
|||||||||
| EL8933 | Lucky Lucy shaft | Pb,Ag | 151.47605 | -29.49099 | u/g mine | 22 | 120 | 210 | Underground workings, shaft(s), shallow pits or scrapings. Probably030 and vertical. |
| EL8933 Mathews mine Ag 151.45175 -29.48854 unk |
|||||||||
| EL8933 | ML18 prospect | Pb,Ag | 151.47873 | -29.49138 | u/g mine | 8 | 10 | 100 | Shaft(s), shallow pits or scrapings. Strike of workings 100 and apparentlyvertical. |
| EL8933 Mount Galena mines Pb, Ag, Zn, Au 151.47857 -29.49472 u/g mine 52 30 Underground workings, shaft(s), shallow pits or scrapings. Possibly 030 True; mostly disseminated in altered host rock. |
|||||||||
| EL8933 | Munsies prospect | Ag | 151.46708 | -29.47717 | pit(s) | 1 | 120 | 210 | Shallow pits or scrapings. Some veining present with 030 strike and vertical dip. |
| EL8933 Neild and Rose prospect Ag 151.50128 -29.4864 unk 0 0 |
|||||||||
| EL8933 | Northern Lucy prospect | Pb,Ag | 151.47669 | -29.48982 | u/g mine | 7 | 170 | 80 | Underground workings, shaft(s), shallow pits or scrapings. Strike appears to be 080 True and vertical dip. |
| EL8933 Seatons mine Ag,Sn 151.46299 -29.49499 u/g mine 3 Dredging or sluicing, shaft(s), shallow pits or scrapings. |
|||||||||
| EL8933 | Swynys prospect | Ag | 151.50148 | -29.47287 | pit(s) | 2 | 330 | 60 | Pits |
| EL8933 Tangoa prospect Pb,Zn 151.4925 -29.5224 pit(s) 1 185 Shallow pits or scrapings. Very elongate in a north/south direction. |
Appendix 4 | 162
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| Lode_EL | Strike | Description | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Occurrence Name | Comm | Long | Lat | Oper. | Depth | Dip Dir |
|||
| EL8933 | Tangoa West | Zn | 151.48236 | -29.51037 | u/g mine | 10 | Open cut(s), shaft(s), shallow pits or scrapings. No obvious structures, gives the impression that it is a steeply plunging pipe. |
||
| EL8933 Tin 106 Sn 151.48984 -29.48627 unk 0.5 Dredgingor sluicing. |
|||||||||
| EL8933 | Webbs Consols #1 shaft | Pb, Ag, Zn, Au |
151.47808 | -29.49336 | u/g mine | 300 | 100 | 190 | Underground workings, shaft(s), shallow pits or scrapings. Pipe like structure in a 010°-tending shear with a 70°-75°plunge in this shear to SE. |
| EL8933 Webbs Consols #3 shaft Pb, Ag, Zn 151.47774 -29.49543 u/g mine 30 Underground workings, shaft(s), shallow pits or scrapings. |
|||||||||
| EL8933 | Webbs Consols #4 shaft | Pb, Ag, Zn, Au |
151.47811 | -29.49814 | u/g mine | 22 | Underground workings, shaft(s), shallow pits or scrapings. Much ore appears to be disseminated withingranite;maybecomepipe-like with depth. |
||
| EL8933 Webbs Consols #6 shaft Pb,Ag 151.47905 -29.49873 u/g mine 10 160 Open cut(s), shaft(s). Small number of pits and shaft on altered granite with open quartz veins oriented 160. |
|||||||||
| EL8933 | Webbs Consols #7 shaft | Pb,Ag | 151.48057 | -29.4988 | u/g mine | 10 | 70 | Open cut(s), shaft(s), shallow pits or scrapings. General strike of 070 but dip cannot be determined. |
|
| EL8933 Webbs Consols #8 shaft Pb,Ag 151.47796 -29.49999 u/g mine 13 Shaft(s). Orientation of mineralisation could not be determined although quartz vein material is present on dumps. |
|||||||||
| EL8933 | Wellingrove central | Cu | 151.4939 | -29.50581 | pit(s) | 5 | 195 | Open cut(s), shaft(s), shallow pits or scrapings. Few sratchings and open cuts and several pits along old track,no discernable orientation. |
|
| EL8933 Wellingrove north Pb,Ag 151.49473 -29.50393 u/g mine 10 95 185 Open cut(s), shaft(s), shallow pits or scrapings. Multiple veins striking 005 and dipping 65 to the east;numerouspits,underlayshaft etc. |
|||||||||
| EL8933 | Wellingroveprospect 1 | Pb,Ag | 151.49864 | -29.49052 | u/gmine | Shaft(s), shallowpits or scrapings. | |||
| EL8933 Wellingroveprospect 2 Ag,Pb 151.49257 -29.48297 unknown 2 |
|||||||||
| EL8933 | Wellingrove south | Pb,Ag,Zn | 151.49218 | -29.50931 | o/c & u/g mine |
10 | 36 | Underground workings, open cut(s), shaft(s), shallow pits or scrapings. Workings elongate at 025 alongmultiplequartz and sulphide veins. |
|
| EL8980 Brown's Reef Au 151.44232 -30.64967 u/g mine 60 360 Shafts |
Appendix 4 | 163
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| Lode_EL | Strike | Description | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Occurrence Name | Comm | Long | Lat | Oper. | Depth | Dip Dir |
|||
| EL8980 | Cherry Tree Hill | Au | 151.47166 | -30.68159 | pit(s) | Shallow pits | |||
| EL8980 | Digger's Ridge | Au | 151.49753 | -30.6016 | u/g mine | Underground, shafts, adits | |||
| EL8980 | Frazers Find | Au | 151.43059 | -30.61335 | u/gmine | 20 | Underground, shafts, shallowpits | ||
| EL8980 | Goldsworth Gully | Alluv | 151.43085 | -30.59106 | alluv | 3 | dredgingand/or slucing | ||
| EL8980 | Goldsworth Mine | Au | 151.43825 | -30.58177 | u/g mine | 87.2 | 45 | Underground, shafts, | |
| EL8980 | Gracie, Little Graci | Au | 151.41295 | -30.62694 | u/g mine | 60 | 293 | 23 | Underground, shafts, shallow pits, |
| EL8980 | Gwydir River Gold | Alluv | 151.43308 | -30.48445 | u/g mine | 10 | Open cut, dredging and/or sluicing, shafts, shallow pits |
||
| EL8980 | Hudsons prospect | Au | 151.41321 | -30.61774 | u/g mine | Underground, shafts | |||
| EL8980 | McCrossin's | Au | 151.43258 | -30.626 | u/gmine | 30 | Underground, shafts, shallowpits, | ||
| EL8980 | Jackson's Gully | Au | 151.46364 | -30.59488 | u/g mine | Underground, dredging and/or sluicing, shafts, shallowpits |
|||
| EL8980 | Khatounprospect | Mn | 151.40745 | -30.62533 | pit(s) | 355 | Shallowpits | ||
| EL8980 | Landrigan Hill | Au | 151.4241 | -30.60217 | u/gmine | Underground, adits | |||
| EL8980 | Manuka Prospect | Pb | 151.40805 | -30.65872 | unk | ||||
| EL8980 | Manuka Farm | Hg | 151.40886 | -30.65377 | unk | ||||
| EL8980 | Martin's Shaft | Au | 151.41077 | -30.63163 | u/gmine | 30 | 340 | 70 | Underground, shafts |
| EL8980 | Mount Harris | Au | 151.46804 | -30.5805 | u/gmine | Dredgingand/or sluicing, shafts, shallowpits | |||
| EL8980 | Mount Monopoly | Au | 151.45178 | -30.55387 | u/g mine | 30 | Underground, shafts, adits, shallow pits | ||
| EL8980 | Mount Welsh | Au | 151.47552 | -30.60856 | u/g mine | 33 | Underground, shafts | ||
| EL8980 | Mt Brisbane | Au | 151.50439 | -30.58995 | u/gmine | 6 | Underground workings, shafts and adits | ||
| EL8980 | MuddyGully | Alluv | 151.43261 | -30.51422 | alluv | Dredgingand/or sluicing | |||
| EL8980 | O'Sullivans shaft | Au | 151.53343 | -30.56574 | u/g mine | Underground workings, and shafts, | |||
| EL8980 | Reedy Creek | Alluv | 151.50503 | -30.54845 | alluv | Dredging and/or sluicing | |||
| EL8980 | RockyRiver | Alluv | 151.46301 | -30.56871 | alluv | Dredgingand/or sluicing, adits, shallowpits, | |||
| EL8980 | Suey's Claim | Au | 151.42742 | -30.62865 | u/gmine | 30 | 310 | 40 | Underground, shafts |
| EL8980 | Vickers prospect | Au | 151.41601 | -30.61502 | u/g mine | 16 | Underground, shafts |
Appendix 4 | 164
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| Lode_EL | Strike | Description | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Occurrence Name | Comm | Long | Lat | Oper. | Depth | Dip Dir |
|||
| EL8980 | Wilsons Creek Shaft | Au | 151.41019 | -30.64296 | u/g mine | Underground, shafts | |||
| EL8980 | Au | 151.43962 | -30.51186 | u/g mine | Underground | ||||
| EL8980 | Au | 151.42278 | -30.60621 | u/gmine | 2.5 | Dredgingand/or sluicing, adits | |||
| EL8980 | Au | 151.43219 | -30.63718 | unk | |||||
| EL8980 | Au | 151.42975 | -30.64645 | unk | |||||
| EL9003 | Ambrose Gold Prospect | Au | 151.09266 | -31.161 | u/g mine | 2.5 | 295 | 25 | Underground workings, shafts, adits and shallow workings |
| EL9003 | Charmant Vue Manganese | Mn | 151.16543 | -31.24956 | u/g mine | 2 | Open cut, and shafts | ||
| EL9003 | Cockburn River Prospect | Au | 151.12831 | -31.05508 | u/g mine | 15 | 220 | Underground workings, open cut and shafts | |
| EL9003 | Cooee Creek Mn | Mn | 151.26051 | -31.27524 | pit(s) | 177 | |||
| EL9003 | Edwardsprospect | Cu | 151.11621 | -31.19021 | u/gmine | 6 | Underground workings, and shafts | ||
| EL9003 | Fischer’s Copper Mine | Cu | 151.1325 | -31.21571 | u/g mine | 40 | 242 | 332 | Underground, shafts |
| EL9003 | Givneys Reef | Au | 151.16181 | -31.05646 | u/g mine | 2 | 142 | Underground workings, and shafts | |
| EL9003 | Gordons Shaft | Au | 151.15628 | -31.07172 | u/g mine | 10 | Underground workings, and shafts | ||
| EL9003 | Grahams Manganese Prospect |
Mn | 151.11895 | -31.15778 | u/g mine | 2 | 265 | 355 | Underground workings, open cut, shafts, adits and shallow workings |
| EL9003 | Herdens Copper Prospect | Cu | 151.1214 | -31.193 | u/g mine | 10 | Underground workings, and shafts | ||
| EL9003 | JerseyGullyProspect | Au | 151.14425 | -31.04358 | pit(s) | 2 | 22 | Open cut and shallowpits | |
| EL9003 | Little Oaky Creek Prospect | Au | 151.14894 | -31.07161 | u/g mine | 118 | 208 | Underground workings, and shafts | |
| EL9003 | Mt Pleasant Copper | Cu | 151.22643 | -31.30003 | u/g mine | 15 | 260 | 350 | Underground, shafts, shallow pits |
| EL9003 | Mulla Creek Copper Mine | Cu | 151.14929 | -31.16183 | u/g mine | 30 | Adits | ||
| EL9003 | New Years Gift | Au | 151.11551 | -31.06662 | u/gmine | 15 | Underground workings, shafts and adits | ||
| EL9003 | Oakview Manganese Prospect |
Mn | 151.12451 | -31.0884 | pit(s) | 1.5 | |||
| EL9003 | Oakview North Manganese | Mn | 151.12565 | -31.08391 | unk | ||||
| EL9003 | Oaky Creek prospect | Mn | 151.22296 | -31.31712 | pit(s) | 1.5 | 273 | 183 | Shallow pits |
| EL9003 | Rackhams Reward Mine | Au | 151.14395 | -31.05891 | u/g mine | 8 | 20 | 110 | Underground workings, shafts and adits |
Appendix 4 | 165
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| Lode_EL | Strike | Description | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Occurrence Name | Comm | Long | Lat | Oper. | Depth | Dip Dir |
|||
| EL9003 Railway prospect Au 151.15007 -31.04583 unk 1.5 Open cut |
|||||||||
| EL9003 | Rasussens prospect | Cu | 151.11829 | -31.19115 | u/g mine | 10 | Underground workings, and shafts | ||
| EL9003 Red GullyMine Mn 151.09297 -31.19799 pit(s) 4 Open cut and shallowpits |
|||||||||
| EL9003 | SpringCreek Alluvials | Alluv | 151.10807 | -31.07192 | u/gmine | Dredgingand/or sluicing, shafts and shallowpits | |||
| EL9003 Stannings prospect Au 151.13665 -31.057 u/g mine 17 Underground workings, and shafts |
|||||||||
| EL9003 | Stronghurst Manganese | Mn | 151.15612 | -31.24221 | u/g mine | Adits | |||
| EL9003 Thompsonsprospect Au 151.13369 -31.04794 u/gmine 4 172 Shafts and shallowpits |
|||||||||
| EL9003 | Trough GullyCopper Mine | Cu | 151.11749 | -31.17851 | u/gmine | 30 | 112 | 202 | Underground workings, open cut, shafts and adits |
| EL9003 Weavers Reef Au 151.11222 -31.07379 u/g mine 11 122 Underground workings, shafts and shallow pits |
|||||||||
| EL9003 | Woolomin Mine | Cu | 151.14111 | -31.25823 | u/g mine | 43 | 187 | Underground workings, shafts and adits | |
| EL9003 Kasey prospect Cu 151.15514 -31.21109 Nil Exploration target based on magnetics and Cu anomalies in stream sediments. |
|||||||||
| EL9004 | Boorolong Mo Mine | Mo | 151.44320 | -30.27345 | u/g mine | 33 | Underground, Open cut, shafts, shallow pits | ||
| EL9004 Elsinore Cu 2 Cu 151.35829 -30.28504 pit(s) 1.5 200 110 Shallow pits |
|||||||||
| EL9004 | Elsinore Cu 1 | Cu | 151.36820 | -30.28327 | pit(s) | 0.5 | 180 | 90 | Shallowpits |
| EL9004 Laura Creek Mo Mo 151.29959 -30.25271 pit(s) Shallow pits |
|||||||||
| EL9004 | Laura Creek Mo | Mo | 151.31079 | -30.26639 | unk | ||||
| EL9084 Black Mountain Reef Au 150.66878 -30.47410 u/g mine 30 235 325 Underground, shafts, shallow pits, |
|||||||||
| EL9084 | Black Mountain Reef | Au | 150.67028 | -30.47666 | u/gmine | 30 | 140 | Underground, shafts, shallowpits, | |
| EL9084 Black Prince Reef Au 150.65214 -30.45152 u/g mine 7 242 332 Underground, shafts, shallow pits, |
|||||||||
| EL9084 | Dyson's Reef | Au | 150.66205 | -30.49419 | u/g mine | 40 | 130 | Underground, Open cut, shafts, shallow pits, | |
| EL9084 Italian Gully Au 150.66199 -30.4968 pit(s) 3 60 Shallow pits |
|||||||||
| EL9084 | Opossum Gully | Au | 150.65810 | -30.4851 | pit(s) | 2 | 150 | Shallowpits | |
| EL9084 Pioneer Reef Au 150.66307 -30.49502 u/g mine 47 230 320 Underground, shafts, shallow pits |
|||||||||
| EL9084 | Readings Reef | Au | 150.64936 | -30.43704 | u/g mine | 43 | 245 | 335 | Underground, shafts, shallow pits |
| EL9084 Readings Reef South Au 150.6508 -30.44203 pit(s) 1 155 adits, shallow pits |
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Geos Mining project 2849-01
| Lode_EL | Strike | Description | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Occurrence Name | Comm | Long | Lat | Oper. | Depth | Dip Dir |
|||
| EL9084 | Shamrock Reef | Au | 150.66062 | -30.46701 | u/g mine | 3 | 120 | Underground, shafts, shallow pits, | |
| EL9084 Teatree Creek Deep Lead Alluv 150.65536 -30.50832 u/g mine Underground, open cut, dredging and/or sluicing, shafts,shallowpits |
|||||||||
| EL9084 | Teatree Creek Gold | Alluv | 150.65679 | -30.49626 | alluv | 3 | Shallow pits | ||
| EL9084 Au 150.68212 -30.4692 u/g mine 10 145 Underground, shafts, shallow pits |
|||||||||
| EL9084 | Au | 150.66884 | -30.47131 | pit(s) | 1.5 | Shallowpits | |||
| EL9084 Au 150.65738 -30.48914 u/gmine 7 Underground, shafts, shallowpits |
|||||||||
| EL9084 | Au | 150.66088 | -30.49065 | pit(s) | 2 | 75 | Open cut, shallow pits | ||
| EL9084 Au 150.65998 -30.49803 pit(s) 2 150 Shallow pits |
|||||||||
| EL9084 | Au | 150.66371 | -30.50739 | u/gmine | 115 | Underground, shafts, adits, etc | |||
| EL9084 Alluv 150.64322 -30.51929 unk Open cut |
|||||||||
| EL9085 | Old Willaroi Creek Alluvials | Alluv | 150.31112 | -30.41229 | pit(s) | Shallow pits | |||
| EL9085 Au 150.39333 -30.45518 pit(s) Pit |
|||||||||
| EL9085 | Alluv | 150.32032 | -30.46001 | u/gmine | Shaft | ||||
| EL9085 Alluv 150.32319 -30.43121 alluv Small alluvial workings |
|||||||||
| EL9085 | Alluv | 150.33376 | -30.50177 | alluv | |||||
| EL9085 Mte 150.32567 -30.45471 u/g mine Shaft |
|||||||||
| EL9087 | Exploration target based on geochemistry & geological mapping |
||||||||
| Bannaweera 1 | Au | 151.39232 | -30.61844 | Nil | |||||
| EL9087 Bannaweera 2 Au 151.39073 -30.60254 Nil Exploration target based on geochemistry & geological mapping |
Appendix 4 | 167
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Appendix 5 - Glossary of Technical Terms
| Aeromagnetic survey | An airborne geophysical survey to detect variations in the Earth’s magnetic field due to the presence (or absence) of magnetic rocks or minerals. |
|---|---|
| Ag | Chemical symbol for silver |
| Alluvium | A general term for unconsolidated material deposited during comparatively recent geological time by running water or wind. |
| Alteration | A chemical change to original rock minerals. |
| Alteration halo | A zone of a similar style of alteration around mineralisation |
| Andesitic | An intermediate variety of igneous rock. |
| Anomalous | Having statistically significantly higher or lower values than the norm. |
| Argillic | Refers to alteration of original rock to clay minerals. |
| As | Chemical symbol for arsenic. |
| Assay | A chemical method to determine the metal content of a sample. |
| Au | Chemical symbol for gold. |
| Batholith | A large igneous intrusion, usually >100sq km in area. |
| Bornite | A copper ore mineral composed of copper, iron and sulphur. |
| Breccia | A rock type composed mainly of broken angular fragments. |
| Chalcocite | A copper ore mineral composed of copper and sulphur. |
| Chalcopyrite | A copper ore mineral composed of copper, iron and sulphur. |
| Channel sample | A technique of sampling rock outcrops for quantitative assaying whereby a representative sample is collected over a specific length. |
| Crust | Outermost layer of the earth. |
| Crustal plate | Large, rigid segment of the earth’s crust. |
| Cu | Chemical symbol for copper. |
| Deformation | Process by which rocks are folded and faulted. |
| Diamond drilling | A drilling technique using diamond tipped drill bits to extract cylindrical rock core for analysis. |
| Diatreme | A vertical, pipe or funnel shaped body of intrusive breccia. |
| Diorite | A dark coloured variety of intermediate intrusive rock. |
| Dyke | A narrow, generally tabular, igneous intrusion that cuts across geological strata. |
| EM | Electromagnetics, an electrical geophysical surveying method |
| Epithermal | Refers to geologic processes taking place at low temperature and pressure near the Earth’s surface. |
Appendix 5 | 168
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| Fe | Chemical symbol for iron. |
|---|---|
| Feldspar | Variety of common rock forming minerals containing silica, aluminium and variable amounts of calcium, potassium and sodium. |
| Felsic | An intermediate or silicic igneous rock containing abundant feldspar +/- quartz. |
| Ferro-magnesian | Pertaining to minerals that have high contents of iron and magnesium. |
| Gabbro | A coarse grained intrusive rock having high contents of ferro-magnesian minerals. |
| Geochemical sample | A sample of rock, soil or sediments collected for analysis to determine metal or mineral content. |
| Geophysical survey | Methods to measure the physical properties of the earth, such as electrical, magnetic or density. |
| Grade | Quantity of gold or other metal per unit weight of the host rock or sample. |
| Granite | A variety of coarse grained intrusive rock with high contents of feldspar and quartz |
| Granodiorite | A variety of coarse grained intrusive rock with high contents of feldspar and quartz and lesser ferro- magnesian minerals. |
| GSNSW | Geological Survey of New South Wales |
| g/t | Grams per tonne; equivalent to parts per million (ppm). |
| Hematite | Iron oxide mineral with general formula of Fe2O3 |
| Hydrothermal | Refers to geologic processes related to hot fluids. |
| Igneous | Rock types formed from the cooling and solidification of molten magma. |
| Intermediate | A type of igneous rock containing 45-55% silica (SiO2) and less than 10% free quartz. |
| Intrusive | An igneous rock solidified from magma beneath the earth’s surface. |
| Intrusive complex | An area containing a number of intrusive bodies. |
| IP | Induced Polarisation, an electrical geophysical surveying technique. |
| Lava | A volcanic rock solidified from magma extruded onto the earth’s surface. |
| Limestone | A sedimentary rock composed mainly of calcium carbonate. |
| Limonite | A variety of hydrated iron oxide formed during weathering. |
| Lode | Deposit of metalliferous ore that fills or is embedded in a fissure in a rock formation or between rock layers |
| Ma | Symbol for millions of years before the present time. |
| Mafic | Referring to igneous rocks composed dominantly of ferro-magnesian minerals and minor feldspar. |
| Magma | Molten rock composed of mineral crystals and dissolved gases. |
| Magnetic | Refers to rocks or minerals with magnetic properties. |
| Magnetite | A magnetic iron oxide mineral. |
| Mesothermal | Refers to geologic processes taking place at moderate temperatures and depths, commonly 350m- 1500m below surface. |
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| Metamorphism | Processes by which rock forming minerals are changed by heat and/or pressure. |
|---|---|
| Mineral Resource | A concentration or occurrence in the Earth’s crust of material of intrinsic value in such form, quality and quantity that there are reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction. |
| Mineralisation | Concentration of metals or other minerals of value within a body of rock. |
| Miocene | A geological time period ranging from 23.3 to 5.2 million years ago. |
| MMI | Mobile Metal Ion geochemistry technique designed to detect hidden mineralisation through selective analysis of metal ions that travel upward from mineralisation to unconsolidated surface materials such soil. |
| Mo | The chemical symbol for molybdenum. |
| Molybdenite | The main molybdenum ore mineral, composed of molybdenum and sulphur. |
| Ni | Chemical symbol for nickel. |
| Outcrop | Exposure of bedrock at the surface projecting through soil cover. |
| Pb | Chemical symbol for lead. |
| Phenocryst | A relatively large mineral crystal set in a finer grained groundmass. |
| Pliocene | A geological time period ranging from 5.2 to 2.6 million years ago |
| Porphyry | Refers to the texture of igneous rocks containing visible crystals in a fine-grained groundmass. |
| Porphyry copper | Refers to a large, generally low grade copper deposit related to intrusive rocks. |
| ppm | Parts per million; terminology used for geochemical sampling; equivalent to grams per tonne (g/t). |
| Prospect | An area within a mining tenement that has indications of the occurrence of mineralisation, upon which exploration efforts are concentrated. |
| Propylitic | A type of rock alteration commonly associated with mineral deposits. |
| Pyrite | A common iron mineral composed of iron and sulphur. |
| Pyroclastic | A type of fragmental volcanic rock formed by violent volcanic eruptions. |
| Quartz | A common rock forming mineral composed of silica and oxygen. |
| Quaternary | A geological time period ranging from 2.6 million years ago to present. |
| Resistivity | A geophysical surveying technique to compare bulk rock electrical properties. |
| Rock chip | A technique of sampling rock outcrops for quantitative assaying. |
| RTP | Rotated to pole – a method of processing magnetics data to show the response that would be generated if the bodies were located at the magnetics pole. |
| Shear | A narrow, linear zone of rock deformation or faulting. |
| Silicified | Alteration of a rock to silica. |
| Skarn | A rock type formed by alteration of limestone by heat from an intrusive body. |
| Sphalerite | A zinc ore mineral composed of zinc, iron and sulphur |
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| Stock | A relatively small intrusive body with generally circular or elliptical outline. |
|---|---|
| Stockwork | A closely spaced network of intersecting veins. |
| Subduction zone | The edge of an oceanic crustal plate where the denser oceanic crust is forced below lighter continental crust. |
| Sulphide | A type of mineral composed of a metal or metals combined with sulphur. |
| Tectonic | A term relating to major structures of the earth. |
| Tenement | Area of land defined by a Government authority over which the holder has the sole rights to mineral exploration or mining activities. |
| Ultramafic | Referring to igneous rocks composed dominantly of ferro-magnesan minerals. |
| TMI | Total Magnetic Intensity |
| Vein | A narrow, tabular or sheet-like body of rock or minerals. |
| Weathering | Set of processes at or near the surface whereby bedrock is broken up or decayed by physical or chemical processes. |
| Zn | Chemical symbol for zinc |
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Appendix 6 - JORC Code, 2012 Edition – Table 1
SECTION 1 - SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND DATA
(Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding sections.)
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Sampling techniques |
Nature and quality of sampling (eg cut channels, random chips, or specific specialised industry standard measurement tools appropriate to the minerals under investigation, such as down hole gamma sondes, or handheld XRF instruments, etc). These examples should not be taken as limiting the broad meaning of sampling. Include reference to measures taken to ensure sample representivity and the appropriate calibration of any measurement tools or systems used. Aspects of the determination of mineralisation that are Material to the Public Report. In cases where ‘industry standard’ work has been done this would be relatively simple (eg ‘reverse circulation drilling was used to obtain 1 m samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to produce a 30 g charge for fire assay’). In other cases more explanation may be required, such as where there is coarse gold that has inherent sampling problems. Unusual commodities or mineralisation types (eg submarine nodules) may warrant disclosure of detailed information. |
Regional Data All data obtained from historical exploration programs by other companies, downloaded from NSW Minview website. Regional geology data downloaded from NSW Minview website. Stream sediment sample data restricted to -80# size fraction. Webbs Consols Project All sample data obtained from historical exploration reports by other companies. Stream sediment sample data downloaded from NSW DIGS website, restricted to -80# size fraction. Soil sampling data restricted to Silver Mines sampling, downloaded from NSW DIGS website. CRA soil sampling not in a digital format. Uralla Project, Uralla West Project All sample data obtained from historical exploration reports by other companies. Half NQ / BQ diamond drill core sampled over variable lengths as determined by alteration and lithology. Core cut along consistent orientation line where oriented core available Fender Project |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| All sample data obtained from historical exploration reports by other companies. Sampling methods largely unknown / not recorded. Elsinore Project, Tea Tree Project, Thor Project All sample data obtained from historical exploration reports by other companies. Sampling methods largely unknown / not recorded. Competent Person’s comments The lack of sampling and assaying information is not considered material as the results are only taken to be indicative of the tenor of mineralisation Future exploration should aim to verify historical drilling data if it is to be used for Mineral Resource Estimations |
||
| Drilling techniques |
Drill type (eg core, reverse circulation, open-hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka, sonic, etc) and details (eg core diameter, triple or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face-sampling bit or other type, whether core is oriented and if so, by what method, etc). |
Webbs Consols Project Diamond core drilling by CRA – core size NQ (47.6mm diameter) Percussion drilling by CRA – drillhole diameter not recorded RC drilling by Silver Mines – drillhole diameter 120mm (4.75”) Core orientation not recorded. Uralla Project Uralla Gold – pre-collar open hole hammer followed by aircore (diameter not recorded) Sovereign Gold: HQ/NQ/BQ Diamond core (63.5mm/47.6mm/37.5mm diameter) No core orientation Reverse Circulation drilling (diameter not recorded) Fender Project |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Percussion drilling at Fischers Mine (diameter not recorded). Elsinore Project No drilling reported. Tea Tree Project Pinnacle Gold - RC drilling at Shamrock prospect (diameter not recorded). Thor Project No drilling reported. Uralla West Project Sovereign Gold / Sugec Resources: HQ/ BQ Diamond core (63.5mm/37.5mm diameter) No core orientation Competent Person’s comments The lack of drilling information is not considered material as the results are only taken to be indicative of the tenor of mineralisation Future exploration should aim to verify historical drilling data if it is to be used for Mineral Resource Estimations |
||
| Drill sample recovery |
Method of recording and assessing core and chip sample recoveries and results assessed. Measures taken to maximise sample recovery and |
Webbs Consols Project Sample recovery: |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| ensure representative nature of the samples. Whether a relationship exists between sample recovery and grade and whether sample bias may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of fine/coarse material. |
oCRA diamond drillhole core recovery recorded for each drill run on hand-written drill logs. oCRA percussion drillhole recovery not recorded oSilver Mines RC drillholes recovery not recorded oMeasures taken to maximise sample recovery not recorded Lithological logs: oCRA drillhole logging on hand-written drill log sheets oSilver Mines logging presented as summary logs Relationship between sample recovery and grade not determined due to lack of data Uralla Project Sovereign Gold drill core logs not reported except for drillholes FF-ZK007 and FF-ZK0802. Core recovery not recorded except for reported overall core recovery >90% for drillholes FF-ZK007 and FF-ZK0802. No relationship observed between core recovery and mineralisation grade. EL6483 2012 Annual Report states “low or zero core recovery of the main gold lode in 8 of the diamond drillholes” at Fraser’s Find prospect (Leu, et al., 2012) Uralla West Project Core recovery data not reported Competent Person’s comments The lack of drilling recovery information is not considered material as the results are only taken to be indicative of the tenor of mineralisation Future exploration should aim to verify historical drilling data if it is to be used for Mineral Resource Estimations |
|
| Logging | Whether core and chip samples have been geologically and geotechnically logged to a level of |
Webbs Consols Project |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| detail to support appropriate Mineral Resource estimation, mining studies and metallurgical studies. Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc) photography. The total length and percentage of the relevant intersections logged. |
CRA percussion drilling - geological logging recorded on hand-written log sheets for entire drillhole lengths. CRA diamond drilling – geological logging recorded on hand-written log sheets for entire drillhole lengths. Silver Mines RC drilling – composite intervals based on lithology reported as tables in annual reports and in text files using the NSW drilling data template. Qualitative logging of lithologies, alteration and sulphide contents recorded. Level of detail insufficient for Mineral Resource Estimation without infill drilling or twinned drillholes. Uralla Project Lack of lithological logging - insufficient detail to support Mineral Resource estimation Fender Project Lithological data for percussion drilling at Fischers Mine recorded on hand-drawn drilling cross-sections. Uralla West Project Lithological logs not reported Competent Person’s comments The lack of drilling lithological information is not considered material as the results are only taken to be indicative of the tenor of mineralisation Future exploration should aim to verify historical drilling data if it is to be used for Mineral Resource Estimations |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Sub-sampling techniques and sample preparation |
If core, whether cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all core taken. If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary split, etc and whether sampled wet or dry. For all sample types, the nature, quality and appropriateness of the sample preparation technique. Quality control procedures adopted for all sub- sampling stages to maximise representivity of samples. Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is representative of the in situ material collected, including for instance results for field duplicate/second-half sampling. Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the material being sampled. |
Webbs Consols Project Sampling details not recorded. Uralla Project Half core cut with diamond saw, along pre-marked orientation lines. Remaining core retained. Sample size is appropriate for the grain size of the material being sampled Sample preparation only reported for drillholes FF-ZK007 and FF-ZK0802 in Sovereign Gold’s ASX announcement dated 17/11/2015. Samples crushed to 70% passing 6mm then riffle splitting and pulverizing to 85% passing 75 micron. Sampling details for other types of sample not recorded. Fender Project Sampling methods not recorded. Uralla West Project Standard laboratory lab sample preparation, samples pulverised to 85% passing 75 microns or better Competent Person’s comments The lack of drilling sampling and QAQC information is not considered material as the results are only taken to be indicative of the tenor of mineralisation Future exploration should aim to verify historical drilling data if it is to be used for Mineral Resource Estimations |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Quality of assay data and laboratory tests |
The nature, quality and appropriateness of the assaying and laboratory procedures used and whether the technique is considered partial or total. For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF instruments, etc, the parameters used in determining the analysis including instrument make and model, reading times, calibrations factors applied and their derivation, etc. Nature of quality control procedures adopted (eg standards, blanks, duplicates, external laboratory checks) and whether acceptable levels of accuracy (ie lack of bias) and precision have been established. |
Webbs Consols Project CRA drilling – assay data recorded on hand-written drill logs. ALS Laboratory used for Tangoa prospect drillholes, not recorded for Webbs Consols or Wellingrove drillholes; assaying methods not recorded. Quality control methods not recorded. Silver Mines drilling – assay laboratory ALS Brisbane. Methods: Au-TL43 for Au; ICP43 for Ag, As, Bi, Cu, Fe, Pb, Sb, Zn; ME-XRF05 for Sn; OG46 for high grade samples. Quality control methods not recorded. Uralla Project Drill core samples assayed for gold using 30g Fire Assay with AAS finish. Multi-element scans assayed by ICP-AES method (ALS ME-MS61) Quality control methods not recorded, apart from ALS routine QA/QC. Fender Project Sample preparation and assaying methods not recorded. Copper grades recorded on hand-written drilling cross-sections. Uralla West Project Assay methods: oALS – 4 acid digest with determination by ICP-AES & ICP-MS; Au by fire assay with AAS finish using 30g sample oSovereign Gold –XRF analysis using Innov-X portable XRF analyser Competent Person’s comments Reported assayingtechniques are considered appropriate for the mineralisation |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| The lack of drilling assaying information is not considered material as the results are only taken to be indicative of the tenor of mineralisation Future exploration should aim to verify historical drilling data if it is to be used for Mineral Resource Estimations |
||
| Verification of sampling and assaying |
The verification of significant intersections by either independent or alternative company personnel. The use of twinned holes. Documentation of primary data, data entry procedures, data verification, data storage (physical and electronic) protocols. Discuss any adjustment to assay data. |
Webbs Consols Project CRA drilling: oVerification of significant intersections not recorded. oNo twinned drillholes. oData entered into hand-written drill logs. Not transferred into digital database. Silver Mines drilling: oVerification of significant intersections not recorded. oNo twinned drillholes. oData entered into Excel spreadsheets and transferred to NSW drilling data templates in text format. Uralla Project Verification of significant intersections not recorded. Twinned drillholes – SGRDD014 & SGRRC018 Data entry procedures not documented – transferred to NSW drilling data templates in text format. Fender Project No verification of percussion drilling intersections at Fischer’s Mine undertaken. No twinned drillholes. Data entry procedures not documented. |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Uralla West Project No twinned drillholes No verification of significant intersections Data entry procedures not documented Competent Person’s comments The lack of drilling verification information is not considered material as the results are only taken to be indicative of the tenor of mineralisation Future exploration should aim to verify historical drilling data if it is to be used for Mineral Resource Estimations |
||
| Location of data points |
Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drill holes (collar and down-hole surveys), trenches, mine workings and other locations used in Mineral Resource estimation. Specification of the grid system used. Quality and adequacy of topographic control. |
Webbs Consols Project CRA drilling: oMethod of surveying of drillhole collars not recorded. oCollar positions presented as plans using local grid. oMethod for transfer of collar data into NSW database not recorded. oNo CRA drillhole collars located during the site visit. Silver Mines drilling: oCollars surveyed with hand-held GPS, accuracy 5m. Grid system MGA94, Zone 56. oDownhole surveys at 5m and end of hole for 2006 drilling, at 25m intervals for 2008 drilling. Survey instrument not recorded. Uralla Project Collars surveyed with hand-held GPS, accuracy 5m. Grid system MGA94, Zone 56 Fender Project |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Collar locations for percussion drilling at Fischer’s Mine digitized from georeferenced plan. Method of surveying of collar locations not recorded. Uralla West Project Drillhole collars located using hand-held GPS units (accuracy+5m) Competent Person’s comments The lack of drillhole surveying information is not considered material as the results are only taken to be indicative of the tenor of mineralisation Future exploration should aim to verify historical drilling data if it is to be used for Mineral Resource Estimations |
||
| Data spacing and distribution |
Data spacing for reporting of Exploration Results. Whether the data spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish the degree of geological and grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and classifications applied. Whether sample compositing has been applied. |
Webbs Consols Project Drillholes spaced at approximately 200m, not sufficient to establish Mineral Resources. Sample compositing using weighted average grades applied in determining intervals of significant mineralisation. Uralla Project Drillhole spacing at Martin’s Shaft prospect: 44 drillholes within area of 220m x 150m, maximum depth 247m, sufficient to establish Mineral Resources if geological data can be found. Drillhole spacing at other prospects not sufficient to establish Mineral Resources. Sample compositing applied in determining intervals of significant mineralisation using weighted average grades. |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Fender Project Percussion drilling at Fischer’s Mine – 11 drillholes covering area of ~280m x ~120m, maximum depth ~50m, not sufficient to establish Mineral Resources. Uralla West Project Close-spaced short drillholes Sample compositing not applied Competent Person’s comments Drillhole spacing at most prospects is not considered material as the results are only taken to be indicative of the tenor of mineralisation Future exploration should aim to verify and infill historical drilling data if it is to be used for Mineral Resource Estimations |
||
| Orientation of data in relation to geological structure |
Whether the orientation of sampling achieves unbiased sampling of possible structures and the extent to which this is known, considering the deposit type. If the relationship between the drilling orientation and the orientation of key mineralised structures is considered to have introduced a sampling bias, this should be assessed and reported if material. |
Webbs Consols Project CRA drilling - Drillholes oriented at right angles to strike of the main controlling structures. Orientation not likely to have led to sampling bias. Silver Mines drilling – drillholes oriented at variable directions to test for extensions of the Webbs Consols mineralisation Uralla Project Orientation of drillholes primarily at right angles relative to the strike of mineralisation and structures. Orientation not likely to have led to sampling bias except for drillhole SGRDD032 at Martin’s Shaft, which drilled down the dip of the mineralized zone. |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Fender Project Percussion drilling at Fischer’s Copper prospect designed to test extensions of mineralisation exposed in underground workings. Orientation not likely to have led to sampling bias. Uralla West Project Orientation of drillholes relative to mineralisation not understood Competent Person’s comments The lack of drilling orientation information is not considered material as the results are only taken to be indicative of the tenor of mineralisation Future exploration should aim to verify historical drilling data if it is to be used for Mineral Resource Estimations |
||
| Sample security |
The measures taken to ensure sample security. | Webbs Consols Project Sample security measures not recorded. Uralla Project Sample security measures not recorded. Fender Project Sample security measures not recorded. |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Uralla West Project Sample security measures not recorded. Competent Person’s comments The lack of sample security information is not considered material as the results are only taken to be indicative of the tenor of mineralisation. |
||
| Audits or reviews |
The results of any audits or reviews of sampling techniques and data. |
Webbs Consols Project No audits or reviews of sampling techniques undertaken. Uralla Project No audits or reviews of sampling techniques undertaken. Fender Project No audits or reviews of sampling techniques undertaken. Uralla West Project Sample security procedures not documented Competent Person’s comments The lack of audits and reviews is not considered material as the results are onlytaken to be |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| indicative of the tenor of mineralisation |
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SECTION 2 - REPORTING OF EXPLORATION RESULTS
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this section.)
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mineral tenement and land tenure status |
Type, reference name/number, location and ownership including agreements or material issues with third parties such as joint ventures, partnerships, overriding royalties, native title interests, historical sites, wilderness or national park and environmental settings. The security of the tenure held at the time of reporting along with any known impediments to obtaining a licence to operate in the area. |
|
Seven granted Exploration Licences, all held 100% by Lode Resources Limited with no impediments to exploration. Native Title Claim application NC2011/006 in the name of the Gomeroi People covers the seven granted Exploration Licences. Tenement Name Status Grant Date Expiry Date EL8933 Webbs Consols Granted 16/01/2020 16/01/2023 EL8980 Uralla Granted 14/05/2020 14/05/2023 EL9003 Fender Granted 12/10/2020 12/10/2023 EL9004 Elsinore Granted 12/10/2020 12/10/2023 EL9084 Tea Tree Granted 11/03/2021 11/03/2024 EL9085 Thor Granted 11/03/2021 11/03/2024 EL9087 Uralla West Granted 12/03/2021 11/03/2024 |
| Tenement Name Status Grant Date Expiry Date |
|||
| EL8933 Webbs Consols Granted 16/01/2020 16/01/2023 |
|||
| EL8980 Uralla Granted 14/05/2020 14/05/2023 |
|||
| EL9003 Fender Granted 12/10/2020 12/10/2023 |
|||
| EL9004 Elsinore Granted 12/10/2020 12/10/2023 |
|||
| EL9084 Tea Tree Granted 11/03/2021 11/03/2024 |
|||
| EL9085 Thor Granted 11/03/2021 11/03/2024 |
|||
| EL9087 Uralla West Granted 12/03/2021 11/03/2024 |
|||
| Exploration done by other parties |
Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration by other parties. |
Webbs Consols Project Considerable historical exploration by other companies, in particular CRA Exploration and Silver Mines Limited, undertaken over the Webbs Consols prospect, including: Geological mapping Stream sediment, rock chip & soil sampling Ground magnetics & IP geophysics surveys Open hole percussion and diamond drilling Downhole IP & EM |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Uralla Project Considerable historical exploration by other companies, in particular CRA Exploration, Cyprus Gold and Sovereign Gold, undertaken over the Uralla prospects, including: Geological mapping Stream sediment, rock chip & soil sampling Costeaning Aircore, reverse circulation and diamond drilling over several prospects Fender Project Historical exploration conducted by several companies, in particular Fischers Copper Mines, Electrolytic Zinc, Malachite Resources, Auzex Resources, Peel Exploration and IRGS Northern Gold, including: Stream sediment, BLEG, soil & rock chip sampling Magnetic susceptibility readings Percussion drilling at Fischers Copper Mine Elsinore Project Limited exploration over the area of EL9004, mainly by Sovereign Gold / Sugec Resources: Grid soil sampling IP survey. Tea Tree Project Limited historical exploration over the area of EL9084, mainly by Pinnacles Gold: Geochemical sampling 2 RC percussion drillholes totalling 123m Narrow gold zone detected: 2m @ 6.32 g/t Au in one drillhole not intersected in the second drillhole. |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Thor Project Limited historical exploration completed over area of EL9085, mainly by Pinnacle Gold: Prospecting, stream sediment sampling – anomalous zones not repeated in follow-up sampling. Uralla West Project Limited historical exploration completed over area of EL9087, mainly by Sovereign Gold / Sugec Resources: Rock chip & grid soil sampling Airborne magnetics Follow-up ground magnetics Diamond drilling: 25 drillholes totalling 1,598m, over a small area Intersected several zones of low to moderate gold grades. Competent Person’s comments Historical exploration is assumed to have been carried out by competent geoscientists and results taken at face value. |
||
| Geology | Deposit type, geological setting and style of mineralisation. |
Regional Geology The Lode tenements lie within the southern part of the New England Orogen (NEO), an accretionary regime formed along the eastern edge of Gondwana from the Devonian to Triassic periods. Webbs Consols Project |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Mineralisation consists of hydrothermal vein-filling systems localised by structures post- dating felsic intrusive bodies. Uralla Project EL8980 area lies within the Central Block of the New England Orogen, where the Uralla Granodiorite, and associated minor plutons and felsic dykes, were emplaced in a tectonic setting that is composed of many elements of Reduced IRGS deposits and are believed to be responsible for auriferous mineralisation systems within the Uralla Goldfield. Sovereign Gold showed that most of the major hard rock gold mines plot on a magnetic linear feature several kilometres long and that many gold occurrences are linked to highly fractionated minor plutons and quartz-exsolved felsic dykes. Fender Project The oldest rocks within EL9003 are serpentinites of Middle Cambrian to Early Silurian age distributed along the Spring Creek Fault and associated structures as a series of discrete, elongate slivers. Woolomin Group and related units, comprising volcaniclastic lithic sandstone, siltstone and mudstone with subordinate chert, jasper, basalt and diamictite, occur to the west of the Spring Creek Fault. Sandon Association rocks of Devonian to Early Carboniferous age occur over much of the central portion of the licence area east of the Spring Creek Fault. The Sandon Association strata consist of deep-water origin lithic sandstone, slate, phyllite, chert, jasper, metabasalt, siltstone, mudstone and paraconglomerate. The Manning Formation is a sequence of Early Permian sediments with some volcanics, occurring as fault slices within the Woolomin Association rocks adjacent to the Spring Creek Fault. The Late Permian to Early Triassic I-type Moonbi Monzogranite occurs adjacent to the northwestern margin of the tenement. The Trough Gully and Fisher’s Copper workings are interpreted as VHMS style occurrences that are favourably located within and to the west of the Peel-Manning Fault System (locally termed the Spring Creek Fault). |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Elsinore Project The Elsinore Prospect comprises Sandon Beds greywacke and psammite with intruded felsic dykes that are crosscut by fracture zones with notable chloritization, sericitization, silicification, pyritization and kaolinization. Tea Tree Project The Teatree Creek Goldfield is located within Noumea Beds meta-sediments locally folded into open and upright structures that are cut by regional north-west trending thrusts and less common north-east or east-west cross faults. Mineral occurrences are classified as mesothermal vein material derived from the calcareous strata of the Tamworth Belt. Similarities with auriferous vein occurrences developed along the Peel Fault System, and localisation of occurrences along the regional-scale Namoi Fault, adds weight to the mesothermal style of mineralisation. Thor Project EL9085 occurs within Carboniferous sediments and pyroclastics of the Tamworth Belt. Mineralisation in the area of EL9085 is dominated by alluvial gold occurrences near the western boundary and a single hard rock gold occurrence near the eastern boundary, which the GSNSW Minview mineral occurrence database describes as a structurally controlled low sulphide hydrothermal quartz vein gold occurrence. |
||
| Drill hole Information |
A summary of all information material to the understanding of the exploration results including a tabulation of the following information for all Material drill holes: o easting and northing of the drill hole collaro elevation or RL (Reduced Level – elevationabove sea level in metres) of the drill hole collar |
Webbs Consols Project Drillhole collar information for Webbs Consols, Wellingrove and Tangoa Prospect includes 13 open hole percussion drillholes (totalling 774m), 8 reverse circulation percussion drillholes (totalling 734m) and 8 diamond drillholes (totalling 1,769.9m) drilled by CRA Exploration and Silver Mines Limted. |
Appendix 6 | 190
GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited : New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|
o dip and azimuth of the holeo down hole length and interception deptho total drillhole length. If the exclusion of this information is justified on the basis that the information is not Material and this exclusion does not detract from the understanding of the report, the Competent Person should clearly explain why this is the case. |
Drillhole collar information for the CRA drilling were recorded relative to local grids; the method for transformation into the GSNSW drilling database grid coordinates was not specified. HOLE ID East MGA20 North MGA20 RL Azim Dip Length (m) DRILL_ TYPE TITLE COMP ANY YEAR 78WP1 353802 6734714 786 293 -60 42 OP EL1079 CRA 1978 78WP2 353848 6734847 783 292 -60 38 OP EL1079 CRA 1978 78WP3 353891 6735044 781 291 -60 50 OP EL1079 CRA 1978 78WPC4 353899 6735148 775 283 -53.5 50 OP EL1079 CRA 1978 78WPC5 353942 6735400 763 286 -60 50 OP EL1079 CRA 1978 78WPC6 353931 6734772 791 291 -65 237.7 OP/DD EL1079 CRA 1978 79WC1 352569 6736342 779 292 -60 241.9 DD EL1079 CRA 1979 DD81W10 353869 6735963 747 291 -45 187 DD EL1079 CRA 1981 PD80W7 353978 6735493 760 291 -60 83 OP EL1079 CRA 1980 PD80W8 353807 6735773 754 291 -60 53 OP EL1079 CRA 1980 PD80W9 353612 6734680 802 291 -60 23 OP EL1079 CRA 1980 PD80T1 353754 6733155 846 286 -60 83 OP EL1689 CRA 1980 PD80T2 353702 6733162 847 281 -60 41 OP EL1689 CRA 1980 PD80T3 353708 6733059 845 283 -60 59 OP EL1689 CRA 1980 PD80T4 353762 6733307 841 281 -60 107 OP EL1689 CRA 1980 PD80T5 353746 6733115 846 281 -60 95 OP EL1689 CRA 1980 DD80T6 353826 6733145 842 281 -53 252 OP/DD EL1689 CRA 1980 DD81T7 353826 6733145 842 281 -55 3.3 DD EL1689 CRA 1981 DD81T8 353829 6733196 841 281 -55 217 DD EL1689 CRA 1981 DD81T9 353817 6733248 841 281 -55 205 DD EL1689 CRA 1981 DD82T10 353926 6733233 834 281 -62 426 DD EL1689 CRA 1982 SML001 352483 6736453 762 291 -59 102 RC EL6239 SML 2006 SML002 352493 6736448 763 292 -60 42 RC EL6239 SML 2006 SML003 352495 6736447 763 289 -77 42 RC EL6239 SML 2006 RC004 352417 6736426 769 146 -61 120 RC EL6239 SML 2008 RC006 352436 6736374 771 030 -68 128 RC EL6239 SML 2008 RC008 352422 6736233 772 096 -36 90 RC EL6239 SML 2008 RC009 352402 6736377 768 087 -62 111 RC EL6239 SML 2008 RC010 352697 6736540 753 314 -46 99 RC EL6239 SML 2008 |
||
| HOLE ID East MGA20 North MGA20 RL Azim Dip Length (m) DRILL_ TYPE TITLE COMP ANY YEAR |
|||
| 78WP1 353802 6734714 786 293 -60 42 OP EL1079 CRA 1978 |
|||
| 78WP2 353848 6734847 783 292 -60 38 OP EL1079 CRA 1978 |
|||
| 78WP3 353891 6735044 781 291 -60 50 OP EL1079 CRA 1978 |
|||
| 78WPC4 353899 6735148 775 283 -53.5 50 OP EL1079 CRA 1978 |
|||
| 78WPC5 353942 6735400 763 286 -60 50 OP EL1079 CRA 1978 |
|||
| 78WPC6 353931 6734772 791 291 -65 237.7 OP/DD EL1079 CRA 1978 |
|||
| 79WC1 352569 6736342 779 292 -60 241.9 DD EL1079 CRA 1979 |
|||
| DD81W10 353869 6735963 747 291 -45 187 DD EL1079 CRA 1981 |
|||
| PD80W7 353978 6735493 760 291 -60 83 OP EL1079 CRA 1980 |
|||
| PD80W8 353807 6735773 754 291 -60 53 OP EL1079 CRA 1980 |
|||
| PD80W9 353612 6734680 802 291 -60 23 OP EL1079 CRA 1980 |
|||
| PD80T1 353754 6733155 846 286 -60 83 OP EL1689 CRA 1980 |
|||
| PD80T2 353702 6733162 847 281 -60 41 OP EL1689 CRA 1980 |
|||
| PD80T3 353708 6733059 845 283 -60 59 OP EL1689 CRA 1980 |
|||
| PD80T4 353762 6733307 841 281 -60 107 OP EL1689 CRA 1980 |
|||
| PD80T5 353746 6733115 846 281 -60 95 OP EL1689 CRA 1980 |
|||
| DD80T6 353826 6733145 842 281 -53 252 OP/DD EL1689 CRA 1980 |
|||
| DD81T7 353826 6733145 842 281 -55 3.3 DD EL1689 CRA 1981 |
|||
| DD81T8 353829 6733196 841 281 -55 217 DD EL1689 CRA 1981 |
|||
| DD81T9 353817 6733248 841 281 -55 205 DD EL1689 CRA 1981 |
|||
| DD82T10 353926 6733233 834 281 -62 426 DD EL1689 CRA 1982 |
|||
| SML001 352483 6736453 762 291 -59 102 RC EL6239 SML 2006 |
|||
| SML002 352493 6736448 763 292 -60 42 RC EL6239 SML 2006 |
|||
| SML003 352495 6736447 763 289 -77 42 RC EL6239 SML 2006 |
|||
| RC004 352417 6736426 769 146 -61 120 RC EL6239 SML 2008 |
|||
| RC006 352436 6736374 771 030 -68 128 RC EL6239 SML 2008 |
|||
| RC008 352422 6736233 772 096 -36 90 RC EL6239 SML 2008 |
|||
| RC009 352402 6736377 768 087 -62 111 RC EL6239 SML 2008 |
|||
| RC010 352697 6736540 753 314 -46 99 RC EL6239 SML 2008 |
Appendix 6 | 191
GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited : New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uralla Project Drillhole collar information for the Uralla Gold alluvial prospect recorded as grid references (+50m) in the exploration report. Dip and azimuth not recorded, but believed to be vertical. Transformation method into the GSNSW drilling database grid coordinates not detailed. |
|||
| HOLE_ID East North RL Prospec t Dip Azim Length DRILLT YPE LICENCEE Year |
|||
| 14 348650 6607865 Uralla -90 0 36 AC Uralla Gold 1994 |
|||
| 15 348650 6607865 Uralla -90 0 18 AC Uralla Gold 1994 |
|||
| SGRDD001 347690 6610141 1013.7 Martins Shaft -62.1 61.5 13.5 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD002 347698 6610123 1012.7 Martins Shaft -56.7 342. 4 41 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD003 347700 6610112 1013.3 Martins Shaft -60 340 70.2 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD004 347702 6610097 1013.3 Martins Shaft -58.4 345. 9 76.1 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD005 347716 6610135 1009.9 Martins Shaft -56.9 340. 3 28.5 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD006 347719 6610115 1011.2 Martins Shaft -60 340 60 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD007 347687 6610095 1014.7 Martins Shaft -60 340 75.2 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD008 347694 6610081 1014.4 Martins Shaft -60 340 99.5 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD009 347716 6610075 1012.5 Martins Shaft -60 340 102 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD010 347691 6610101 1014.3 Martins Shaft -90 340 133 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD011 347870 6610914 1001.8 Little Gracie -60 340 65.5 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD012 347853 6610999 1005.2 Gracie -73 120 100.5 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD013 347891 6610962 997.4 Gracie -60 300 50 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD014 347688 6610124 1013.6 Martins Shaft -60 340 45.3 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
Appendix 6 | 192
GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited : New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SGRDD015 347770 6608895 1036.2 Wilsons Creek -60 285. 1 32.1 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD016 347788 6608890 1034.9 Wilsons Creek -77.5 280. 8 71.5 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD017 347782 6608870 1035.7 Wilsons Creek -69.4 285 75.2 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD018 347774 6608790 1031.5 Wilsons Creek -60 275 38 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD019 347754 6608727 1029.3 Wilsons Creek -60 279. 7 45 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD020 347773 6608722 1028.3 Wilsons Creek -60.4 284. 5 27 DD Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC001 347707 6610133 1011.3 Martins Shaft -60.9 341. 8 54 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC002 347708 6610124 1011.9 Martins Shaft -60.5 343. 4 57 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC003 347709 6610113 1012.2 Martins Shaft -59.2 340. 1 72 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC004 347687 6610130 1013.5 Martins Shaft -60.4 339 48 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC005 347688 6610122 1013.7 Martins Shaft -59.2 337. 5 54 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC006 347689 6610112 1014 Martins Shaft -59.2 343. 4 69 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC007 347668 6610127 1015.3 Martins Shaft -60.3 350. 8 45 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC008 347669 6610119 1015.3 Martins Shaft -60.5 349. 3 42 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC009 347672 6610100 1015.9 Martins Shaft -60.5 342. 8 66 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC010 347653 6610097 1017.7 Martins Shaft -59.6 350. 9 66 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC011 347712 6610099 1012.6 Martins Shaft -59.6 346. 1 78 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC012 347726 6610136 1008.8 Martins Shaft -61.4 349. 2 63 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC013 347729 6610117 1010.1 Martins Shaft -61.7 344. 2 60 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC014 347732 6610098 1010.3 Martins Shaft -62.2 347. 3 72 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC015 347747 6610100 1008.5 Martins Shaft -62.1 347. 3 90 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
Appendix 6 | 193
GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited : New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SGRRC016 347761 6610103 1006.3 Martins Shaft -61.8 343. 3 84 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC017 347696 6610072 1014.5 Martins Shaft -62.8 343. 8 117 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC018 347716 6610075 1012.5 Martins Shaft -60 340 65 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC019 347713 6610090 1012.6 Martins Shaft -60 340 87 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC020 347781 6610108 1003.1 Martins Shaft -61.2 359. 7 90 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC021 347736 6610079 1010.1 Martins Shaft -60.9 344. 4 105 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC022 347720 6610046 1013.9 Martins Shaft -61.5 346. 9 153 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC023 348098 6611917 969.2 Vickers Prospec t -61.7 317 63 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC024 348115 6611935 968.9 Vickers Prospec t -60.7 312. 5 54 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC025 348144 6611964 967.3 Vickers Prospec t -61.8 303. 8 69 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC026 348083 6611886 971.4 Vickers Prospec t -62.1 310. 5 65 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC027 348064 6611858 972 Vickers Prospec t -60.9 304. 6 51 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC028 348089 6611919 971.2 Vickers Prospec t -61.1 310. 4 57 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC029 348116 6611899 965.7 Vickers Prospec t -62.1 313 104 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC030 347690 6610160 1012.6 Martins Shaft -60.6 159. 9 139 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC031 347688 6610173 1011.3 Martins Shaft -60.1 345. 3 37 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC032 347714 6609964 1014.2 Martins Shaft -60.3 343. 7 247 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC033 347714 6610024 1015.5 Martins Shaft -60 340 87 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
Appendix 6 | 194
GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited : New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SGRRC034 347713 6610027 1015.6 Martins Shaft -60.5 346. 5 139 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC035 347686 6610071 1015.3 Martins Shaft -60.6 348. 1 133 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC036 347676 6610070 1016.3 Martins Shaft -60 340 115 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC037 347851 6610932 1003.8 Little Gracie -90 0 27 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC038 347826 6610933 1005.4 Little Gracie -60 96.3 55 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC039 347854 6611000 1001.9 Little Gracie -60 310. 4 49 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC051 350250 6615680 961.6 Goldsw orth Mine -74 140 103 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC052 350228 6615701 961.1 Goldsw orth Mine -60 140 40 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC053 350223 6615699 961 Goldsw orth Mine -78 140 67 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC054 350216 6615717 960.5 Goldsw orth Mine -75 140 121 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC055 350197 6615683 961.4 Goldsw orth Mine -60 62 67 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC056 350177 6615658 962.1 Goldsw orth Mine -65 138 55 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC057 350108 6615604 963.3 Goldsw orth Mine -60 140 98 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC058 350326 6615752 959.4 Goldsw orth Mine -60 140 37 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC059 350361 6615792 958.6 Goldsw orth Mine -74 140 61 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC060 350404 6615817 958.4 Goldsw orth Mine -70 140 67 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
Appendix 6 | 195
GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited : New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SGRRC061 350439 6615853 957.1 Goldsw orth Mine -70 140 55 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC062 350477 6615888 956.7 Goldsw orth Mine -70 140 48 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC063 350508 6615930 955.2 Goldsw orth Mine -70 140 67 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC064 350384 6615846 957 Goldsw orth Mine -70 140 103 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC065 350023 6615551 964.8 Goldsw orth Mine -66 152 121 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC066 349960 6615476 967.4 Goldsw orth Mine -66 134 115 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC067 350341 6615824 957.2 Goldsw orth Mine -62 144 103 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRRC068 350207 6615859 956.4 Goldsw orth Mine -58 140 67 RC Biacil Holdings 2011 |
|||
| SGRDD023 349674 6612150 963.3 Frasers Find 14.7 DD Biacil Holdings 2012 |
|||
| SGRDD024 349676 6612147 963.8 Frasers Find 17.1 DD Biacil Holdings 2012 |
|||
| SGRDD025 349661 6612146 963.7 Frasers Find 17.2 DD Biacil Holdings 2012 |
|||
| SGRDD026 349678 6612144 964.2 Frasers Find 17.9 DD Biacil Holdings 2012 |
|||
| SGRDD027 349664 6612140 963.9 Frasers Find 22 DD Biacil Holdings 2012 |
|||
| SGRDD028 349664 6612139 964.2 Frasers Find 22.2 DD Biacil Holdings 2012 |
|||
| SGRDD029 349666 6612132 962.3 Frasers Find 31.2 DD Biacil Holdings 2012 |
|||
| SGRDD030 349669 6612122 964.1 Frasers Find 48.1 DD Biacil Holdings 2012 |
|||
| SGRDD031 349680 6612125 964.9 Frasers Find 45.4 DD Biacil Holdings 2012 |
Appendix 6 | 196
GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited : New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SGRDD032 349500 6612047 962 Frasers Find 55.8 DD Biacil Holdings 2012 |
|||
| SGRDD033 349455 6612020 943 Frasers Find 40.2 DD Biacil Holdings 2012 |
|||
| SGRDD034 349677 6612149 964.9 Frasers Find 13.4 DD Biacil Holdings 2012 |
|||
| SGRDD035 349651 6612126 963.8 Frasers Find 25.3 DD Biacil Holdings 2012 |
|||
| SGRDD040 351595 6608210 964.9 Melvain es 27.1 DD Biacil Holdings 2013 |
|||
| SGRDD041 351569 6608201 963.8 Melvain es 70.4 DD Biacil Holdings 2013 |
|||
| SGRDD042 351584 6608234 964.1 Melvain es 39 DD Biacil Holdings 2013 |
|||
| M-ZK0001 347739 6610026 1006 Martins Shaft -75 296 245.5 RC Biacil Holdings 2014 |
|||
| M-ZK0002 347670 6610041 1018.5 Martins Shaft -75 15 214 RC Biacil Holdings 2014 |
|||
| M-ZK0003 347653 6610118 1015.8 Martins Shaft -80 60 125.7 RC Biacil Holdings 2014 |
|||
| M-ZK0004 347676 6610102 1018.1 Martins Shaft -90 0 201.6 RC Biacil Holdings 2014 |
|||
| M-ZK0301 347700 6609992 1020.1 Martins Shaft -75 296 220.4 RC Biacil Holdings 2014 |
|||
| FF-ZK007 349426 6611926 949.1 Frasers Find -60 210 276 DD Biacil Holdings 2015 |
|||
| FF-ZK0802 349428 6611929 948.4 Frasers Find -60 320 115.9 DD Biacil Holdings 2015 |
|||
| Fender Project Percussion drilling undertaken by Fischer’s Copper Mine Pty Ltd Drillhole collars digitized off georeferenced plan. Drillhole dip, azimuth and length (recorded in feet) taken from hand-drawn drilling cross- sections. Hole_ID East MGA20 North MGA20 RL Dip Azim Length (m) PDH01 321905 6545224 564 -46.5 070 30.5 PDH02 321906 6545224 564 -55 070 30.5 |
|||
| Hole_ID East MGA20 North MGA20 RL Dip Azim Length (m) |
|||
| PDH01 321905 6545224 564 -46.5 070 30.5 |
|||
| PDH02 321906 6545224 564 -55 070 30.5 |
Appendix 6 | 197
GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited : New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PDH03 321893 6545191 561 -67 070 35.1 |
|||
| PDH04 321909 6545041 530 -90 070 22.6 |
|||
| PDH05 321798 6545080 541 -60 250 28.3 |
|||
| PDH06 321899 6545023 527 -70 250 35.1 |
|||
| PDH07 321867 6545051 539 -55 070 26.5 |
|||
| PDH08 321867 6545051 539 -83 070 50.3 |
|||
| PDH09 321854 6545061 542 -77.5 070 55.8 |
|||
| PDH10 321908 6544953 509 -51 250 35.1 |
|||
| PDH11 321858 6545140 553 -76 070 35.1 |
|||
| HOLE_ID East MGA94 North MGA94 RL Azim Dip Length DRILL TYPE TITLE REF YEAR |
|||
| SGRDD036 345937 6611550 993 100 -60 20.2 DD-BQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| SGRDD037 345952 6611577 994 105 -60 16.9 DD-BQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| SGRDD038 345938 6611587 992 105 -70 45.3 DD-BQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| SGRDD039 345848 6611426 983 100 -60 18.1 DD-BQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| SGRDD043 345836 6611429 981 98 -60 52.5 DD-BQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| SGRDD044 345984 6611628 995 100 -70 31.6 DD-BQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| SGRDD045 346490 6612619 994 100 -70 22.3 DD-BQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK0001 345907 6611565 990 116.5 -75 150.4 DD-HQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK0003 345896 6611570 989 116.5 -75 146.3 DD-HQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK0005 345861 6611588 987 116.5 -75 220.1 DD-HQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK0301 345856 6611479 992 116.5 -60 54 DD-HQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK0303 345838 6611487 983 116.5 -75 141.1 DD-HQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK0401 345956 6611646 993 116.5 -75 159 DD-HQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK0701 345819 6611403 979 116.5 -60 33.9 DD-HQ EL7491 2013 |
Appendix 6 | 198
GM Minerals Consultants Pty Ltd (ABN 44 608 768 083) trading as Geos Mining
Independent Geologist’s Report
Lode Resources Limited : New England Projects
Geos Mining project 2849-01
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZK0703 345769 6611409 971 116.5 -75 204.5 DD-HQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK0801 346003 6611736 1002 116.5 -75 128 DD-HQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK0901 345788 6611359 974 116.5 -70 33.6 DD-HQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK1001 346056 6611768 1006 116.5 -70 45.8 DD-HQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK1101 345763 6611301 968 116.5 -60 52.7 DD-HQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK1201 346079 6611813 1006 116.5 -70 21.6 DD-HQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK3201 346343 6612271 1001 116.5 -70 32 DD-BQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK3801 346395 6612404 1005 116.5 -70 44.3 DD-BQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK4801 346484 6612624 1002 116.5 -70 44.8 DD-BQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK20001 345554 6613042 1006 125 -75 145.5 DD-HQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| ZK23001 345958 6613673 1006 125 -75 112.4 DD-HQ EL7491 2013 |
|||
| Data aggregation methods |
In reporting Exploration Results, weighting averaging techniques, maximum and/or minimum grade truncations (eg cutting of high grades) and cut-off grades are usually Material and should be stated. Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short lengths of high grade results and longer lengths of low grade results, the procedure used for such aggregation should be stated and some typical examples of such aggregations should be shown in detail. The assumptions used for any reporting of metal equivalent values should be clearly stated. |
Webbs Consols Project Significant drillhole intervals calculated as weighted average using >1% Pb / Zn cut-off grades. No metal equivalent values reported. Uralla Project Significant drillhole intervals calculated as weighted average using >0.5 g/t Au cut-off grades. No metal equivalent values reported. Fender Project Details of drilling,sampling,assayingnot available. |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Significant intersections taken from historical report and converted from downhole depths in feet. Tea Tree Project Significant drillhole intervals calculated as weighted average using >0.5 g/t Au cut-off grades. No metal equivalent values reported. Uralla West Project Significant drillhole intervals calculated as weighted average using >0.5 g/t Au cut-off grades. No metal equivalent values reported. Competent Person’s comments Data aggregation methods and cut-off grades are regarded as appropriate for the style of mineralisation |
||
| Relationship between mineralisation widths and intercept lengths |
These relationships are particularly important in the reporting of Exploration Results. If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to the drill hole angle is known, its nature should be reported. If it is not known and only the down hole lengths are reported, there should be a clear statement to this effect (eg ‘down hole length, true width not known’). |
Webbs Consols Project Relationship between drillhole intervals and mineralisation not fully understood as most drillholes failed to intersect significant mineralisation. Significant intervals reported as downhole lengths. Uralla Project Relationship between drillhole intervals and mineralisation not fully understood as most drillholes failed to intersect significant mineralisation. Significant intervals reported as downhole lengths. |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Fender Project Details of drilling not available. Significant intervals reported as downhole lengths. Tea Tree Project Relationship between drillhole intervals and mineralisation not fully understood. Significant intervals reported as downhole lengths. Uralla West Project Relationship between drillhole intervals and mineralisation not fully understood. Significant intervals reported as downhole lengths. Competent Person’s comments Lack of information on the relationship between drillhole intervals and mineralisation is not considered to be material at this stage of the project development but needs to be assessed in future drilling programs. |
||
| Diagrams | Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and tabulations of intercepts should be included for any significant discovery being reported These should include, but not be limited to a plan view of drill hole collar locations and appropriate sectional views. |
Webbs Consols Project Plans of drillhole collars and traces presented in Section 7.7 in the IGR, showing significant mineralisation intervals. Uralla Project Plan of drillhole collar locations presented in Section 8.8 in the IGR. |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Fender Project Plan of approximate drillhole collar locations presented in Section 9.8 in the IGR. Tea Tree Project Plan of drillhole collar locations presented in Section 11.8 in the IGR. Uralla West Project Plan of drillhole collar locations presented in Section 12.8 in the IGR. Competent Person’s comments Maps and diagrams have been prepared taking the exploration data at face value with no adjustments. |
||
| Balanced reporting |
Where comprehensive reporting of all Exploration Results is not practicable, representative reporting of both low and high grades and/or widths should be practiced to avoid misleading reporting of Exploration Results. |
Webbs Consols Project Plans showing significant results and locations of insignificant sampling presented in Section 7.7 in the IGR. Uralla Project Plans showing significant results and locations of insignificant sampling presented in Section 8.6 in the IGR. Fender Project Plans showingsignificant results and locations of insignificant sampling presented in Section |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| 9.3 in the IGR. Elsinore Project Plan showing results of anomalous soil sampling presented in Section 10.3 in the IGR. Raw assay data not reported. Tea Tree Project Most rock chip samples collected from old workings and are not likely to be representative of the entire deposit. Thor Project Plan showing significant BLEG results and locations of insignificant sampling presented in Figure 58. Uralla West Project Plans showing significant soil sampling results and locations of insignificant sampling presented in Section 13.5 in the IGR. Competent Person’s comments Plans included in the IGR show results of all samples collected during historical exploration programs. In some plans the more significant results have been labelled to indicate zones of better mineralisation |
||
| Other substantive |
Other exploration data, if meaningful and material, should be reported including (but not limited to): geological observations; geophysical survey |
Webbs Consols Project |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| exploration data |
results; geochemical survey results; bulk samples – size and method of treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk density, groundwater, geotechnical and rock characteristics; potential deleterious or contaminating substances. |
Plan showing processed IP data presented in Section 7.6 in the IGR. The data indicates a significant chargeability anomaly around the Lucky Lucy prospect. Uralla Project Plans showing geophysics anomalies presented Section 8.5 in the IGR. Significant IP chargeability anomalies have been detected at the Martin’s Shaft, McCrossin’s and Hudson’s prospect. |
| Further work | The nature and scale of planned further work (eg tests for lateral extensions or depth extensions or large-scale step-out drilling). Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of possible extensions, including the main geological interpretations and future drilling areas, provided this information is not commercially sensitive. |
Webbs Consols Project Recommendations for further work include: Diamond drilling of the down-plunge extensions of the Webbs Consols mineralisation: 3- 4 drillholes totalling ~800m; downhole IP if sufficient mineralisation intersected Diamond drilling of the down-plunge extensions of the Tangoa mineralisation: 3-4 drillholes totalling ~800m; downhole IP if sufficient mineralisation intersected If the CRA geophysics and geochemistry plans can be georeferenced, digital data entry of IP geophysics and geochemical sampling data If required, additional IP surveys to firm up drilling targets in anomalous areas, including the Tangoa West and Tangoa South prospects, and the IP anomaly north of Lucky Lucy Diamond drilling of targets defined by the data processing or additional IP surveys. Uralla & Uralla West Projects Recommendations for further work include: RC drilling of the IP anomalies detected at Hudson’s, McCrossin’s, Martin’s Shaft and Fraser’s Find prospects. Careful selection of drillhole orientations is recommended to ensure that the drillholes intersect the controlling structures |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Coverage of the Vickers prospect to Gracie prospect area with grid soil sampling using a portable XRF analyser tuned to detect arsenic, lead and zinc anomalies as pathfinder elements for the gold mineralisation. Anomalous zones may be tested with RAB drilling to better define the zones Follow-up diamond drilling to better define any significant mineralised zones Extend the IP survey at McCrossin’s prospect to close off the anomaly to the south. IP surveys at Bannaweera Prospect to delineate the alteration / mineralisation zones prior to deeper drilling Fender Project Recommendations for further work include: Exploration programs of detailed geochemistry, geophysics and drilling are warranted to evaluate the potential for economic mineralisation at the known occurrences. We consider that further exploration should have as an objective the drill testing of the better of the prospects, especially the Trough Gully, Fisher’s and Mt Pleasant prospects. Follow-up geological mapping of the PeelEx 1-001 anomaly to determine the source of the magnetic anomaly and anomalous copper values Elsinore Project Recommendations for further work include: Acquisition and modelling of the Sovereign Gold IP survey data. Additional IP surveying may be necessary prior to any drilling to determine the extent of the chargeable response. Tea Tree Project Recommendations for further work include: Testingof historical workings withgeological mapping,rock chipsamplingand IP |
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| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| geophysics to define drilling targets. Thor Project Recommendations for further work include: Review and re-interpretation of the regional airborne magnetics data to define zones of possible structural disruption that could provide channel ways for mineralising fluids. Geological mapping and sampling of prospective stratigraphy identified in areas of structural complexity. Competent Person’s comments Recommendations for further work are based on the CP’s assessment of the relative merits of the various prospects and the likelihood for success from the programs |
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| SECTION3 - ESTIMATIONANDREPORTINGOF MINERALRESOURCES | SECTION4 - ESTIMATION ANDREPORTING OFORERESERVES |
|---|---|
| Webbs Consols Project No Mineral Resources reported |
Webbs Consols Project No Ore Reserves reported |
| Uralla Project No Mineral Resources reported. |
Uralla Project No Ore Reserves reported. |
| Fender Project No Mineral Resources reported |
Fender Project No Ore Reserves reported |
| Elsinore Project No Mineral Resources reported. |
Elsinore Project No Ore Reserves reported |
| Tea Tree Project No Mineral Resources reported. |
Tea Tree Project No Ore Reserves reported. |
| Thor Project No Mineral Resources reported |
Thor Project No Ore Reserves reported |
| Uralla West Project No Mineral Resources reported. |
Uralla West Project No Ore Reserves reported. |
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Annexure B – Revised Solicitor's Report on Tenements
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RL
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RESOURCES LEGAL PTY LTD ABN 67 097 228 870
1A Rosemead Rd Hornsby NSW 2077
Telephone: +612 9476 4480
Liability limited by a scheme approved under Professional Standards Legislation
3 May 2021
The Directors Lode Resources Ltd Suite 4, 29 Kiora Road Miranda NSW 2228 Australia
Dear Sirs
SOLICITOR’S REPORT ON TENEMENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
This report is prepared for inclusion in a prospectus ( Prospectus ) for issue by Lode Resources Ltd (ACN 637 512 415) ( Lode Resources or Company ) to be lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission for an Offer of between 25,000,000 and 37,500,000 Shares at an issue price of $0.20 per Share to raise between $5,000,000 and $7,500,000.
The report relates to the mining tenements in which the Company holds an interest ( Tenements ). All of the Tenements are located in New South Wales ( NSW ). The attached Tenement Schedule ( Schedule) and notes to the Schedule contain an overview of the Tenements.
The Company holds a 100% interest in all of the Tenements. There are no encumbrances registered against any of the Tenements.
2. OPINION
Based on our searches and enquiries, and subject to the assumptions and qualifications set out below, we confirm at the date of the searches that:
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(a) the details of the Tenements referred to in the Schedule are accurate as to the status and registered holder of the Tenements;
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(b) unless otherwise specified in this report, the Tenements are in good standing, and all applicable rents and levies have been paid;
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(c) there are no encumbrances or dealings registered against the Tenements;
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(d) none of the Tenements are subject to any unusual conditions of a material nature other than as disclosed in the Schedule; and
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(e) subject to the comments below relating to standard administrative authorisations, which are normally applied for at the time of finalising the details of individual exploration programs, or as otherwise detailed in this Prospectus, there are no legal, regulatory or
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contractual impediments to the Company undertaking the proposed exploration on the Tenements as detailed elsewhere in the Prospectus.
3. SEARCHES
For the purpose of this report, we have obtained and reviewed:
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(a) searches of the Tenements in the mining tenement register maintained by the Division of Resources and Geoscience of the NSW Department of Planning and Environment ( DPE ) under the Mining Act 1992 (NSW) and Mining Regulation 2016 (NSW) ( Mining Act ) conducted on 16 March 2021; and
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(b) searches of the native title register maintained by the National Native Title Tribunal on 4 March 2021.
4. ASSUMPTIONS AND QUALIFICATIONS
In preparing this report:
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(a) we have assumed the accuracy and completeness of results of the searches of the registers maintained by the various government agencies;
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(b) we have been advised that there are no contracts, agreements or arrangements relating to the Tenements, with the exception of land access agreements summarised in Note 4 to the Schedule;
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(c) where any agreement, dealing or act (including disturbing the land for exploration) affecting the Tenements requires an authorisation, approval, permission or consent ( Authorisation ) under the Mining Act, or any other relevant legislation, we have assumed that Authorisation has been or will be granted in due course;
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(d) where any dealing in the Tenements has been lodged for registration but is not yet registered, we express no opinion as to whether the registration will be effected, or the consequences of non-registration;
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(e) we have assumed that the Company has complied with all applicable provisions of the Mining Act and all other legislation relating to the Tenements; and
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(f) we have not researched the underlying land tenure in respect of the Tenements to determine if:
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(i) native title rights have or have not been extinguished, or the extent of any extinguishment; or
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(ii) the Tenements encroach on any private land in which the rights to minerals have been reserved to the owner of the land.
5. TENEMENT SCHEDULE
The Schedule sets out a brief description of the Tenements and a summary of any encumbrances.
In relation to the area of each Tenement specified in the Schedule:
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(a) the area is described by units, given by one minute of latitude by one minute of longitude on the earth’s surface. In the general location of the Tenements each unit is approximately 2.96 sq km in the New England Fold Belt, where the tenements are located. Areas given in sq km are therefore approximate only. It is not possible to verify those areas without conducting a survey; and
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(b) the area might be reduced by a number of exclusions, including the existence of mining leases, National Parks or reserves situated within the boundaries of the relevant Tenement.
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6. BACKGROUND ON EXPLORATION LICENCES IN NSW
The Tenements comprise seven exploration licences (prefix EL ) granted under the Mining Act. The ELs are for Group 1 Minerals, comprising metallic minerals.
(a) Rights of a holder of an EL
The rights of a holder of an EL are subject to compliance by that holder with the provisions of the Mining Act and the terms and conditions of the licence.
An EL gives the holder the exclusive right to explore for minerals over a specific area of land. The holder of an EL may, in accordance with the terms and conditions of the EL and subject to the Mining Act, conduct exploration activities on the land specified in the EL for the group of minerals specified in the licence.
An EL does not permit mining, and an EL holder will not necessarily be permitted to mine in the future if a discovery is made.
(b) Term and transfer
An EL may be granted for up to six years, and may be extended by successive periods of up to six years, on application by the holder. However, ELs are generally granted and renewed for periods of three years, depending on the proposed work program and other factors. An EL may be transferred to another person upon approval by the Minister for Energy and Environment ( Minister ). In approving a transfer, the Minister may impose amended or additional conditions on the holder of the EL.
(c) Renewal
An EL will not usually be renewed over more than half the number of units comprising the original EL unless the Minister is satisfied that special circumstances exist, including that the conditions of the licence have been satisfactorily complied with, the full area of the EL has been effectively explored, and the proposed work program satisfactorily covers the full area to be renewed.
Provided the above conditions of renewal continue to be met, we do not see any reason why the Minister would not grant a renewal of all of the units comprising the Tenements for further periods of three years.
(d) Conditions
Each of the Tenements are subject to standard conditions that must be complied with, including expenditure to meet the annual proposed work program, payment of government fees, and the requirement to lodge annual technical reports. Standard conditions also stipulate that a tenement holder must obtain the consent of an officer of the DPE prior to conducting any ground disturbing work, and include basic environmental and rehabilitation conditions, such as the removal of all waste, capping of drill holes, etc.
The Minister’s approval is required for a change of effective control of a licence holder. There is an exemption if the change of control occurs as a result of the acquisition of shares on a registered stock exchange.
Holders must also comply with the Exploration Codes of Practice, including the Environmental Management Code, the Rehabilitation Code, which requires the holder to rehabilitate, level, re-grass, reforest or contour land that has been damaged or adversely affected by exploration activities, and the Community Consultation Code. A Review of Environmental Factors and an Agricultural Impact Statement may be required for surface-disturbing exploration activities such as drilling.
Failure by the holder of an EL to comply with these conditions may render the EL liable to cancellation.
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(e) Environmental and planning legislation
Licence holders may also be required to obtain approvals under and comply with environmental and planning and other legislation, including:
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(i) Environmental and Planning Assessment Act 1979 (NSW);
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(ii) Protection of the Environment Operations Act 1997 (NSW); and
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(iii) Water Act 1912 and Water Management Act 2000 (NSW).
(f) Access agreements
Prior to commencing exploration activities on private land, an access agreement must be entered into with the owner or occupier of the land[1] . Compensation is payable for any loss or damage caused by the activities[2] .
(g) Annual rents and levies
An annual rental and an administrative levy are payable, based on the size of the EL. ELs are also subject to expenditure requirements in accordance with work programs approved by the DPE. These rental, levy and expenditure requirements are set out in the Schedule. Payment of rentals and levies are currently up to date. Failure to comply with expenditure requirements may render the EL liable to cancellation.
7. ROYALTIES
Tenement holders must pay royalties to the NSW government on minerals (including material containing minerals) obtained from a mining tenement. Royalties are payable quarterly and must be accompanied by a royalty return in the approved form. The holder of a mining tenement must provide a quarterly production report commencing at the expiration of the first quarter during which any mineral is produced or obtained from that mining tenement.
Royalty rates for Group 1 Minerals, comprising metallic minerals, are generally 4% of the value of the mineral recovered[3] .
8. REHABILITATION SECURITIES
The holder of a Tenement is required to lodge a security by way of a cash deposit or banker's undertaking for the performance of its rehabilitation and other obligations arising under the Tenement. The security for each of the Tenements is $10,000.
9. NATIVE TITLE
(a) Background
Native title or claims for native title exist over parts of NSW.
The existence of a lodged claim does not necessarily mean that native title exists over the area claimed, nor does the absence of a claim necessarily indicate that no native title exists in an area. The existence of native title will be established under the determination of claims by the Federal Court.
The grant of a mining tenement is a ‘Future Act’ for the purposes of the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) ( NTA )[4] . A Future Act is an activity or development on land or waters that affects native title. Native title claimants gain the “right to negotiate” in relation to the grant of certain mining tenements if their native title claim is registered at the time the government issues a notice,
1 Section 140 Mining Act 1992 (NSW)
2 Section 263 Mining Act 1992 (NSW)
3 Section 73, Mining Regulation 2016 (NSW)
4 Section 233, Native Title Act 1993 (Cth)
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known as a section 29 notice, stating it intends to do the act, in this case grant the mining tenement, or if their claim becomes registered within four months after that notice.
(b) Right to negotiate
The right to negotiate applies in the main to the grant of a mining lease and describes a process whereby the tenement applicant and native title claimant must negotiate in good faith to attempt to resolve any potential concerns the native title claimants may have arising from the mining lease application or its grant. If the parties cannot reach agreement as to the terms of grant, a negotiation party may apply to the National Native Title Tribunal ( NNTT ) to make a determination as to whether the grant may proceed (and if so, on what conditions).
The right to negotiate process does not necessarily have to be followed in locations where an Indigenous Land Use Agreement ( ILUA ) has been negotiated with the relevant Aboriginal people and registered with the NNTT. In such cases the procedures set out in the ILUA must be followed for the ML to be granted.
(c) Searches
Searches conducted of the register maintained by the NNTT on 4 March 2021 showed that all of the Tenements overlap in part or whole with a registered native title claim by the Gomeroi People, which affects a large part of the New England area. The claim was registered in 2012 and has not yet been determined. The searches also showed that none of the Tenements is subject to a registered ILUA.
It is possible that the ELs may be affected by additional native title claims, and the existing registered claims determined by the court, which may impact proposed programs of work.
(d) Effect of native title on the Tenements
ELs are generally subject to a condition that requires the holder to obtain the Minister’s consent before carrying out exploration activity on land where native title has not been extinguished. Ministerial consent will only be granted after the right to negotiate process has been followed, or the land on which native title has not been extinguished has been excised from the EL. The grant of a mining lease over land where native title has not been extinguished is also subject to the right to negotiate process.
The DPE has published guidelines on the evidence required to demonstrate extinguishment of native title. Native title has been wholly extinguished over much of NSW, including through the grant of freehold estates, leases in perpetuity for grazing purposes under the Western Lands Act 1901 , and the establishment of public works.
(e) Native title and proposed programs of work
Under current programs of work, exploration activities are proposed only on grazing land where native title has been extinguished. The Minister’s consent is not required to carry out exploration activity on land where native title has been extinguished. If future work or an application for a mining lease is proposed over land where native title has not been extinguished, such as a road reserve, the right to negotiate process must be followed under the NTA, and there is no guarantee that access will be available.
(f) Compensation
The Mining Act makes mining tenement holders liable for any native title compensation that may be payable as a result of the grant of the mining tenement[5] . If the existence of native title is proven over any of the land subject to the Tenements, and the native title holders make an application to the Federal Court for compensation, the Tenement holder may be liable to pay any compensation awarded.
5 Section 281B Mining Act 1992 (NSW)
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10. ABORIGINAL HERITAGE
(a) Commonwealth
The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Protection Act 1984 (Cth) ( Commonwealth Heritage Act ) is aimed at the preservation and protection of any Aboriginal areas and objects that may be located on the Tenements.
Under the Commonwealth Heritage Act, the Minister for Aboriginal Affairs may make interim or permanent declarations of preservation in relation to significant Aboriginal areas or objects, which can affect exploration activities. Compensation is payable by the Minister to a person who is, or is likely to be, affected by a permanent declaration of preservation.
(b) New South Wales
Under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974 (NSW) ( NSW Heritage Act ), land containing Aboriginal objects or sites may be reserved as an “Aboriginal area” for the purpose of identifying, protecting and conserving such objects or sites. It is unlawful to prospect or mine for minerals in an Aboriginal area unless expressly authorised by an Act of Parliament or, among other things, an authority issued under the Mining Act. Subject to this exception, the NSW Heritage Act excludes the application of the Mining Act to lands in an Aboriginal area.
The NSW Heritage Act also authorises the Minister to declare a place that is or was of special significance to Aboriginal culture to be an ‘Aboriginal place’ and makes it an offence knowingly to destroy, deface or damage, or knowingly to permit the destruction, defacement of or damage to, an Aboriginal object or “Aboriginal place” without the consent of the DirectorGeneral.
(c) Heritage surveys
To satisfy the obligations under the relevant Heritage Act, tenement holders commonly undertake Aboriginal heritage surveys, which involve the relevant traditional owners and as necessary, an archeologist or anthropologist walking the land, identifying sites and discussing the impact of proposed exploration activity. The costs of a heritage survey are met by the tenement holder.
(d) Heritage searches
Searches of the Aboriginal Heritage Information Management System maintained by the Office of Environment and Heritage (NSW) were obtained by Geos Mining. The searches showed that the Tenements contain a number of known Aboriginal sites, including two “closed sites”, as shown in Appendix 2 of the Independent Geologist’s Report by Geos Mining dated 16 March 2021. The Company will review the location of each site when planning its exploration programs so as to ensure that activities near Aboriginal sites meet the requirements of the Commonwealth Heritage Act and the NSW Heritage Act.
There are currently no Aboriginal heritage agreements or arrangements in place affecting the Tenements.
11. LAND ACCESS
The primary drill targets specified in this Prospectus are the subject of signed access agreements over grazing land; there are a total of five access agreements in place with relevant rural property owners for the term of the respective EL as set out in the table below.
.
Under each agreement access is permitted upon 14 days’ notice of planned activities, with compensation payable for ground disturbing activities at standard industry rates. The Company must comply with the “NSW Exploration Code of Practice: Environmental Management”, including ensuring minimal disturbance to the ground or to stock on the land, and taking relevant measures to minimise the introduction of exotic weeds or plant diseases. Exploration is not permitted on land that contains significant improvements or within 50m of a
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dam or within 200m of the principal residence, and the Company must take into consideration the Landowner’s pastoral activities in undertaking each work program.
| EL number | Name of rural property | Drill target |
|---|---|---|
| EL 8933 “Webs Consol” | “Canoon” | Webb Consol targets 1, 2 & 3 |
| EL 8980 “Uralla” | “Khatoun” | Martin's Shaft, Hudson’s Prospect, McCrossin’s Prospect |
| EL 8980 “Uralla” | “Navalee” | Frazer’s Find |
| EL 9003 “Fender” | “Red Rock” | Trough Gully Mine |
| EL 9004 “Elsinore” | “Dunoon” | Elsinore copper occurrences |
There is no guarantee that access will continue to be available, however in the event of a dispute in relation to access either party can apply for arbitration under the Mining Act.
12. DRILL READY TARGETS
With land access available on the primary targets to be drilled under approved programs of work on the above ELs, the targets are “drill ready” as stated in the Prospectus.
13. CONSENT
This report is made on 16 March 2021 and relates only to the laws in force on that date. Resources Legal Pty Ltd has consented to the inclusion of this report in the Prospectus in the form and context in which it is included and has not withdrawn that consent prior to the lodgment of the Prospectus with ASIC.
14. DISCLOSURE OF INTEREST
Resources Legal Pty Ltd will be paid normal and usual professional fees for the preparation of this report and related matters, as set out elsewhere in the Prospectus.
Yours faithfully
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Daven Timms Director Principal Resources Legal Pty Ltd
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SCHEDULE – TENEMENTS
| Tenement | Holder | No units/ approx. area sq km1 |
Grant Date |
Expiry Date |
Annual rental and levy2 |
Proposed expen- diture3 |
Encum- brances |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EL 8933 “Webbs Consol” 4 |
Lode | 16/47 | 16.01.2020 | 16.01.2023 | $1,060 | $40,000 | Nil |
| EL 8980 “Uralla”4 | Lode | 80/237 | 14.05.2020 | 14.05.2023 | $4,900 | $60,000 | Nil |
| EL 9003 “Fender”4 | Lode | 76/225 | 12.10.2020 | 12.10.2023 | $4,660 | $45,000 | Nil |
| EL 9004 “Elsinore”4 | Lode | 32/95 | 12.10.2020 | 12.10.2023 | $2,020 | $30,000 | Nil |
| EL 9084 “Tea Tree” | Lode | 24/71 | 11.3.2021 | 11.3.2024 | $1,540 | $35,000 | Nil |
| EL 9085 “Thor” | Lode | 78/231 | 11.3.2021 | 11.3.2024 | $4,780 | $45,000 | Nil |
| EL 9087 “Uralla West” | Lode | 22/65 | 12.3.2021 | 12.3.2024 | $1,420 | $20,000 | Nil |
Abbreviations
Lode = Lode Resources Ltd
Notes
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One unit is the area bounded by one minute of latitude by one minute of longitude and, depending on the location in NSW, comprises an area of approximately 2.96 square kilometres.
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The annual tenement rental is $60 per unit. The annual administrative levy is 1% of the security deposit (1% of $10,000 = $100 for most tenements). The renewal application fee is $2,000 plus $12.50 per unit per year applied for, eg renewal fee for 100 unit EL for three years is $2,000 plus $37.50 x 100 = $5,750.
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Proposed expenditure in the current year of the licence term, to be met through current exploration work programs approved by the DPE. For example, EL 8933 requires an expenditure of $40,000 in the 12 months to 16.01.2022. Work may include geological mapping, rock chip sampling, soil geochemical surveys, geophysical surveys, modelling of results, drilling and core logging.
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The Company has entered into access agreements with relevant landowners over the main targets on four ELs, containing customary terms and rates of compensation.
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