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Lloyds Banking Group PLC Interim / Quarterly Report 2017

Jul 27, 2017

4691_ffr_2017-07-27_e8f3a1a2-db56-487c-8fca-9d6c05615114.zip

Interim / Quarterly Report

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 6-K

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

27 JULY 2017

Commission File number 001-15246

LLOYDS BANKING GROUP plc

(Translation of registrant's name into English)

25 Gresham Street London EC2V 7HN United Kingdom

(Address of principal executive offices)

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

Form 20-F ☒ Form 40-F ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101 (b) (1) __.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101 (b) (7) __.

This report on Form 6-K shall be deemed incorporated by reference into the company's Registration Statement on Form F-3 (File Nos. 333-211791 and 333-211791-01) and to be a part thereof from the date on which this report is filed, to the extent not superseded by documents or reports subsequently filed or furnished.

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EXPLANATORY NOTE

This report on Form 6-K contains the interim report of Lloyds Banking Group plc, which includes the unaudited consolidated interim results for the half-year ended 30 June 2017, and is being incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement with File Nos. 333-211791 and 333-211791-01.

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| BASIS OF PRESENTATION |
| --- |
| This report covers the results of Lloyds Banking Group plc (the Company) together with its subsidiaries (the Group) for the half-year ended 30 June 2017. |
| Statutory basis: Statutory information is set out on pages 2 to 6. However, a number of factors have had a significant effect on the comparability of the Group’s financial position and results. Accordingly, the results are also presented on an underlying basis. |
| Underlying basis: These results
are adjusted for certain items which are listed below, to allow a comparison of the Group’s underlying performance. –
losses on redemption of the Enhanced Capital Notes and the volatility in the value of the embedded equity conversion feature; –
market volatility and asset sales, which includes the effects of certain asset sales, the volatility relating to the Group’s
own debt and hedging arrangements and that arising in the insurance businesses and insurance gross up; –
the unwind of acquisition-related fair value adjustments and the amortisation of purchased intangible assets; –
restructuring costs, comprising severance related costs relating to the Simplification programme, the costs of implementing regulatory
reform and ring-fencing, the rationalisation of the non-branch property portfolio and the integration of MBNA; and –
payment protection insurance and other conduct provisions. |
| Unless otherwise stated, income statement commentaries throughout this document compare the half-year ended 30 June 2017 to the half-year ended 30 June 2016, and the balance sheet analysis compares the Group balance sheet as at 30 June 2017 to the Group balance sheet as at 31 December 2016. |

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FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

This document contains certain forward looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the US Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and section 27A of the US Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with respect to the business, strategy and plans of Lloyds Banking Group and its current goals and expectations relating to its future financial condition and performance. Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about Lloyds Banking Group’s or its directors’ and/or management’s beliefs and expectations, are forward looking statements. Words such as ‘believes’, ‘anticipates’, ‘estimates’, ‘expects’, ‘intends’, ‘aims’, ‘potential’, ‘will’, ‘would’, ‘could’, ‘considered’, ‘likely’, ‘estimate’ and variations of these words and similar future or conditional expressions are intended to identify forward looking statements but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements. By their nature, forward looking statements involve risk and uncertainty because they relate to events and depend upon circumstances that will or may occur in the future.

Examples of such forward looking statements include, but are not limited to: projections or expectations of the Group’s future financial position including profit attributable to shareholders, provisions, economic profit, dividends, capital structure, portfolios, net interest margin, capital ratios, liquidity, risk-weighted assets (RWAs), expenditures or any other financial items or ratios; litigation, regulatory and governmental investigations; the Group’s future financial performance; the level and extent of future impairments and write-downs; statements of plans, objectives or goals of Lloyds Banking Group or its management including in respect of statements about the future business and economic environments in the UK and elsewhere including, but not limited to, future trends in interest rates, foreign exchange rates, credit and equity market levels and demographic developments; statements about competition, regulation, disposals and consolidation or technological developments in the financial services industry; and statements of assumptions underlying such statements.

Factors that could cause actual business, strategy, plans and/or results (including but not limited to the payment of dividends) to differ materially from the plans, objectives, expectations, estimates and intentions expressed in such forward looking statements made by the Group or on its behalf include, but are not limited to: general economic and business conditions in the UK and internationally; market related trends and developments; fluctuations in interest rates (including low or negative rates), exchange rates, stock markets and currencies; the ability to access sufficient sources of capital, liquidity and funding when required; changes to the Group's credit ratings; the ability to derive cost savings and other benefits including, but without limitation as a result of any acquisitions, disposals and other strategic transactions; changing customer behaviour including consumer spending, saving and borrowing habits; changes to borrower or counterparty credit quality; instability in the global financial markets, including Eurozone instability, instability as a result of the exit by the UK from the European Union (EU) and the potential for other countries to exit the EU or the Eurozone and the impact of any sovereign credit rating downgrade or other sovereign financial issues; technological changes and risks to the security of IT and operational infrastructure, systems, data and information resulting from increased threat of cyber and other attacks; natural, pandemic and other disasters, adverse weather and similar contingencies outside the Group's control; inadequate or failed internal or external processes or systems; acts of war, other acts of hostility, terrorist acts and responses to those acts, geopolitical, pandemic or other such events; changes in laws, regulations, accounting standards or taxation, including as a result of the exit by the UK from the EU, or a further possible referendum on Scottish independence; changes to regulatory capital or liquidity requirements and similar contingencies outside the Group's control; the policies, decisions and actions of governmental or regulatory authorities or courts in the UK, the EU, the United States or elsewhere including the implementation and interpretation of key legislation and regulation; the ability to attract and retain senior management and other employees; actions or omissions by the Group's directors, management or employees including industrial action; changes to the Group's post-retirement defined benefit scheme obligations; the extent of any future impairment charges or write-downs caused by, but not limited to, depressed asset valuations, market disruptions and illiquid markets; the value and effectiveness of any credit protection purchased by the Group; the inability to hedge certain risks economically; the adequacy of loss reserves; the actions of competitors, including non-bank financial services, lending companies and digital innovators and disruptive technologies; and exposure to regulatory or competition scrutiny, legal, regulatory or competition proceedings, investigations or complaints.

Please refer to the latest Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission for a discussion of certain factors together with examples of forward looking statements.

Lloyds Banking Group may also make or disclose written and/or oral forward looking statements in reports filed with or furnished to the US Securities and Exchange Commission, Lloyds Banking Group annual reviews, half-year announcements, proxy statements, offering circulars, prospectuses, press releases and other written materials and in oral statements made by the directors, officers or employees of Lloyds Banking Group to third parties, including financial analysts. Except as required by any applicable law or regulation, the forward looking statements contained in this document are made as of the date hereof, and Lloyds Banking Group expressly disclaims any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward looking statements contained in this document to reflect any change in Lloyds Banking Group’s expectations with regard thereto or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement is based.

The information, statements and opinions contained in this document do not constitute a public offer under any applicable law or an offer to sell any securities or financial instruments or any advice or recommendation with respect to such securities or financial instruments.

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CONTENTS

Page
Summary of results 1
Statutory information (IFRS)
Consolidated income statement 2
Summary consolidated balance sheet 3
Review of results 4
Underlying basis information
Segmental analysis of profit (loss) before tax by division (unaudited) 7
Group profit reconciliations 8
Divisional highlights
Retail 10
Commercial Banking 12
Consumer Finance 14
Insurance 16
Run-off and Central items 18
Risk management
Principal risks and uncertainties 19
Credit risk portfolio 20
Funding and liquidity management 30
Capital management 35
Statutory information
Condensed consolidated half-year financial statements (unaudited)
Consolidated income statement 44
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income 45
Consolidated balance sheet 46
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 48
Consolidated cash flow statement 51
Notes 52

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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SUMMARY OF RESULTS

Half-year to 30 June 2017 Half-year to 30 June 2016 Change since 30 June 2016 Half-year to 31 Dec 2016
£m £m % £m
Statutory results (IFRS)
Total income, net of insurance claims 9,299 8,320 12 8,947
Total operating expenses (6,202) (5,504) (13) (7,123)
Trading surplus 3,097 2,816 10 1,824
Impairment (203) (362) 44 (390)
Profit before tax 2,894 2,454 18 1,434
Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders 1,739 1,590 9 61
Basic earnings per share 2.5p 2.3p 9 0.2p
Dividends per share 1 1.0p 0.85p 18 2.20p
Underlying basis (page 7)
Underlying profit 4,492 4,161 8 3,706

1 Half-year to 31 December 2016 included a special dividend of 0.5 pence per share.

Capital and balance sheet At 30 June 2017 At 31 Dec 2016 Change since 31 Dec 2016
%
Statutory
Loans and advances to customers 1 £453bn £450bn 1
Customer deposits 2 £417bn £413bn 1
Loan to deposit ratio 3 109% 109%
Common equity tier 1 ratio 4 13.5% 13.4% 0.1pp
Tier 1 capital ratio 4 16.6% 16.8% (0.2)pp
Total capital ratio 4 20.8% 21.2% (0.4)pp
Risk-weighted assets 4 £218bn £215bn 1
1 Excludes reverse repos of £11.4 billion (31 December 2016: £8.3 billion).
2 Excludes repos of £1.0 billion (31 December 2016: £2.5 billion).
3 Loans and advances to customers (excluding reverse repos) divided by customer deposits (excluding repos).
4 Reported on the transitional basis.

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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STATUTORY INFORMATION (IFRS)

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT

Half-year to 30 June 2017 Half-year to 30 June 2016 Half-year to 31 Dec 2016
£ million £ million £ million
Interest and similar income 7,861 8,479 8,141
Interest and similar expense (2,659) (3,254) (4,092)
Net interest income 5,202 5,225 4,049
Fee and commission income 1,518 1,502 1,543
Fee and commission expense (670) (682) (674)
Net fee and commission income 848 820 869
Net trading income 5,843 7,180 11,365
Insurance premium income 4,099 4,212 3,856
Other operating income 1,283 993 1,042
Other income 12,073 13,205 17,132
Total income 17,275 18,430 21,181
Insurance claims (7,976) (10,110) (12,234)
Total income, net of insurance claims 9,299 8,320 8,947
Regulatory provisions (1,240) (445) (1,929)
Other operating expenses (4,962) (5,059) (5,194)
Total operating expenses (6,202) (5,504) (7,123)
Trading surplus 3,097 2,816 1,824
Impairment (203) (362) (390)
Profit before tax 2,894 2,454 1,434
Taxation (905) (597) (1,127)
Profit for the period 1,989 1,857 307
Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders 1,739 1,590 61
Profit attributable to other equity holders 209 204 208
Profit attributable to equity holders 1,948 1,794 269
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests 41 63 38
Profit for the period 1,989 1,857 307

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

At 30 June 2017 At 31 Dec 2016
Assets £ million £ million
Cash and balances at central banks 50,491 47,452
Trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 161,970 151,174
Derivative financial instruments 30,024 36,138
Loans and receivables:
Loans and advances to banks 8,865 26,902
Loans and advances to customers 464,604 457,958
Debt securities 3,841 3,397
477,310 488,257
Available-for-sale financial assets 51,803 56,524
Other assets 43,321 38,248
Total assets 814,919 817,793
Liabilities — Deposits from banks 24,879 16,384
Customer deposits 417,617 415,460
Trading and other financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss 55,671 54,504
Derivative financial instruments 29,190 34,924
Debt securities in issue 71,557 76,314
Liabilities arising from insurance and investment contracts 116,970 114,502
Subordinated liabilities 18,575 19,831
Other liabilities 32,114 37,409
Total liabilities 766,573 769,328
Shareholders’ equity 42,513 42,670
Other equity instruments 5,355 5,355
Non-controlling interests 478 440
Total equity 48,346 48,465
Total equity and liabilities 814,919 817,793

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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REVIEW OF RESULTS

During the half-year to 30 June 2017, the Group recorded a profit before tax of £2,894 million compared with a profit before tax in the half-year to 30 June 2016 of £2,454 million. The results have been affected by a number of one-off items. In March 2016 the Group completed tender offers and redemptions in respect of its Enhanced Capital Notes (ECNs), resulting in a net loss to the Group of £721 million and in the half-year to 30 June 2017 the Group has incurred conduct charges of £1,240 million compared to £460 million in the half year to 30 June 2016. Excluding these items from both periods, the Group recorded a profit before tax of £4,134 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017, an increase of £499 million, or 14 per cent, from £3,635 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016.

Total income decreased by £1,155 million, or 6 per cent, to £17,275 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared with £18,430 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016, comprising a £1,132 million decrease in other income and a £23 million decrease in net interest income.

Net interest income was £5,202 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017; a decrease of £23 million compared to £5,225 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016. There was an increase of £221 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 in the amounts payable to unit holders in those Open-Ended Investment Companies (OEICs) included in the consolidated results of the Group. In the half-year to 30 June 2017, the Group recognised £743 million (half-year to 30 June 2016: £522 million) that was attributable to third party investors in respect of its consolidated OEICs as a result of positive market movements in the year to date, with gains ranging from 3.3 per cent to 18.4 per cent in UK and global equity markets and movements ranging from (1.1) per cent to 2.3 per cent in fixed income indices. The change in population of consolidated OEICs in 2017 compared to 2016 did not have a significant impact on this figure, contributing a net decrease of £25 million attributable to third party investors. Gains and losses recognised by the Group that are attributable to third party investors have no impact on the Company’s ordinary shareholders as a compensating amount is recognised in net interest income, reflecting the amounts payable to the OEIC unitholders. After adjusting for these amounts payable to unitholders, net interest income was £198 million, or 3 per cent higher. Average interest-earning assets fell but the net interest margin improved driven by lower deposit and wholesale funding costs which have more than offset reduced lending rates.

Other income was £1,132 million lower at £12,073 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared to £13,205 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016. Net fee and commission income was £28 million or 3 per cent, higher at £848 million compared to £820 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016 following volume-related increases in fee income in the Cards business and lower levels of fees payable in the general insurance business. Net trading income decreased by £1,337 million, or 19 per cent, to £5,843 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared to £7,180 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016; this decrease reflected a reduction of £1,573 million in gains on policyholder investments held within the insurance business; with reduced gains on debt securities, partly following the disposal of high-yielding bonds, more than offsetting increased equity income in line with market performance. Net trading income in the Group’s banking business increased by £236 million to £644 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared to £408 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016 in part due to an improvement of £128 million in relation to the net derivative valuation adjustment from a charge of £80 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016 to a credit of £44 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017. Insurance premium income was £113 million, or 3 per cent, lower at £4,099 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared with £4,212 million in the same period in 2016; there was a decrease of £55 million in life insurance premiums and a decrease of £58 million in general insurance premiums following the run-down of closed products. Other operating income was £290 million higher at £1,283 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared to £993 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016. Other operating income in the half-year to 30 June 2016 included the loss of £721 million on redemption of the Group’s ECNs but this impact is partly offset in the half-year to 30 June 2017 by a £258 million reduction in gains on sale of available-for-sale financial assets and losses of £15 million on liability management actions in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared to gains of £147 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016.

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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REVIEW OF RESULTS (continued)

Insurance claims expense was £2,134 million lower at £7,976 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared to £10,110 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016. The insurance claims expense in respect of life and pensions business was £2,118 million lower at £7,805 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared to £9,923 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016; this decrease was matched by a similar reduction in net trading income, reflecting the relative performance of policyholder investments. Insurance claims in respect of general insurance business were £16 million or 9 per cent, lower at £171 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared to £187 million in the same period in 2016.

Operating expenses increased by £698 million, or 13 per cent to £6,202 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared with £5,504 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016. A provision of £1,240 million was made in respect of conduct issues in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared to a charge of £445 million in the same period in 2016. The charge in 2017 includes £700 million in respect of PPI, reflecting current claim levels, which remain above the Group’s previous provision assumption; the additional provision will now cover reactive claims of around 9,000 per week through to the end of August 2019. Other conduct provisions of £540 million cover a number of items including packaged bank accounts and arrears handling. Following a review of the Group’s arrears handling activities, the Group has put in place a number of actions to improve further its handling of customers in these areas and the Group is reimbursing mortgage arrears fees. The Group is also currently undertaking a review of the HBOS Reading fraud and is in the process of paying compensation to the victims of the fraud for economic losses, ex-gratia payments and awards for distress and inconvenience. A provision of £100 million was taken and reflects the estimated compensation costs for HBOS Reading.

Excluding all conduct charges from both years, operating expenses were £97 million, or 2 per cent, lower at £4,962 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared to £5,059 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016. Staff costs were £100 million, or 4 per cent, lower at £2,362 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared with £2,462 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016; annual pay rises have been offset by the impact of headcount reductions resulting from the Group’s rationalisation programmes and there has been a reduction in severance costs. Premises and equipment costs were £46 million or 13 per cent, higher at £399 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared with £353 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016, in part due to lower profits on sale of tangible assets. Other expenses were £8 million, or 1 per cent, lower at £1,070 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared to £1,078 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016. Depreciation and amortisation costs were £35 million, or 3 per cent, lower at £1,131 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared to £1,166 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016, as higher depreciation on operating lease assets due to increased balances has been offset by reduced charges on intangible assets following certain intangibles related to the acquisition of HBOS in 2009 becoming fully amortised.

Impairment losses decreased by £159 million, or 44 per cent, to £203 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared with £362 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016. Impairment losses in respect of loans and advances to customers were £29 million, or 13 per cent, lower at £200 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 compared with £229 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016; this reflects continuing benign economic conditions and the Group’s conservative approach to risk. There was a charge of £6 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017, compared to £146 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016, in respect of the impairment of available-for-sale financial assets.

In the half-year to 30 June 2017, the Group recorded a tax charge of £905 million compared to a charge of £597 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016, an effective tax rate of 31 per cent, compared to the standard UK corporation tax rate of 19.25 per cent, principally as a result of the banking surcharge and restrictions on the deductibility of conduct provisions.

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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REVIEW OF RESULTS (continued)

Total assets were £2,874 million lower at £814,919 million at 30 June 2017 compared to £817,793 million at 31 December 2016. Cash and balances at central banks were £3,039 million, or 6 per cent, higher at £50,491 million at 30 June 2017 compared to £47,452 million at 31 December 2016 as the Group takes advantage of opportunities for the placing of surplus funds. Trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss were £10,796 million, or 7 per cent, higher at £161,970 million compared to £151,174 million at 31 December 2016 due to positive market movements on policyholder investments and the inclusion of the Group’s investments in OEICs which are no longer consolidated. However, loans and advances to banks were £18,037 million, or 67 per cent, lower at £8,865 million compared to £26,902 million at 31 December 2016 as a result of a number of OEICs no longer being consolidated following a reduction in the Group’s interest. Loans and advances to customers were £6,646 million higher at £464,604 million at 30 June 2017 compared to £457,958 million at 31 December 2016; the addition of £7,878 million of lending following the acquisition of MBNA and a £3,106 million increase in reverse repurchase agreement balances together with the impact of the reacquisition of a portfolio of mortgages from TSB and growth in Consumer Finance and SME lending have more than offset reductions in the larger corporate sector, as the Group focuses on optimising capital and returns, and in closed mortgage books.

Total liabilities were £2,755 million lower at £766,573 million at 30 June 2017 compared to £769,328 million at 31 December 2016. Deposits from banks were £8,495 million, or 52 per cent, higher at £24,879 million at 30 June 2017 compared to £16,384 million at 31 December 2016 as a result of an increase of £9,330 million in repurchase agreements, used as a favourable form of funding. Customer deposits were £2,157 million higher at £417,617 million compared to £415,460 million at 31 December 2016 as a £1,499 million reduction in repurchase agreement balances and reductions in non-relationship deposit balances were more than offset by strong inflows from Commercial clients. Debt securities in issue were £4,757 million, or 6 per cent, lower at £71,557 million at 30 June 2017 compared to £76,314 million at 31 December 2016 following maturities of some tranches of securitisation notes and covered bonds. Other liabilities were £5,295 million, or 14 per cent, lower at £32,114 million at 30 June 2017 compared to £37,409 million at 31 December 2016 reflecting the deconsolidation of a number of OEICs.

Total equity was £119 million lower at £48,346 million at 30 June 2017 compared to £48,465 million at 31 December 2016; this reflected, in particular, negative movements in the Group’s cash flow hedging reserve.

The Group’s transitional common equity tier 1 capital ratio increased to 13.5 per cent at 30 June 2017 (31 December 2016: 13.4 per cent) reflecting a combination of profit generation, the receipt of the dividend paid by the Insurance business in February 2017 and a reduction in the deferred tax asset deducted from capital, offset by the accrual for foreseeable dividends in respect of the first half of 2017, movements in the defined benefit pension schemes, an increase in the deduction for goodwill and other intangible assets following the acquisition of MBNA and an increase in risk-weighted assets. The transitional tier 1 capital ratio reduced to 16.6 per cent (31 December 2016: 16.8 per cent) primarily reflecting the annual reduction in the transitional limit applied to grandfathered AT1 capital instruments and the increase in risk-weighted assets, offset by the increase in common equity tier 1 capital. The total transitional capital ratio reduced to 20.8 per cent (31 December 2016: 21.2 per cent), largely reflecting amortisation and foreign exchange movements on tier 2 instruments and the overall increase in risk-weighted assets, partly offset by the transitioning of grandfathered AT1 instruments to tier 2.

Risk-weighted assets increased by £2,341 million, or 1 per cent, to £217,787 million at 30 June 2017, compared to £215,446 million at 31 December 2016, largely reflecting the acquisition of MBNA and targeted growth in key customer segments, partly offset through active portfolio management, disposals and other movements.

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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SEGMENTAL ANALYSIS OF PROFIT BEFORE TAX BY DIVISION (UNAUDITED)

Underlying basis

Half-year to 30 June 2017 Half-year to 30 June 2016 Half-year to 31 Dec 2016
£ million £ million £ million
Retail 1,598 1,548 1,455
Commercial Banking 1,437 1,236 1,232
Consumer Finance 759 690 593
Insurance 408 446 391
Other 290 241 35
Underlying profit before tax 4,492 4,161 3,706

The Group Executive Committee (GEC), which is the chief operating decision maker for the Group, reviews the Group’s internal reporting based around these segments (which reflect the Group’s organisational and management structures) in order to assess the Group’s performance and allocate resources; this reporting is provided on an underlying profit before tax basis. The GEC believes that this basis better represents the performance of the Group. IFRS 8 requires that the Group present its segmental profit before tax on the basis reviewed by the chief operating decision maker that is most consistent with the measurement principles used in measuring the Group’s statutory profit before tax. Accordingly, the Group presents its segmental underlying basis profit before tax in note 2 on page 53 of its financial statements in compliance with IFRS 8 Operating Segments .

The aggregate total of the underlying basis segmental results constitutes a non-GAAP measure as defined in the United States Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulation G. Management uses the aggregate and segmental underlying profit before tax, both non-GAAP measures, as measures of performance and believes that they provide important information for investors because they are comparable representations of the Group’s performance. Profit before tax is the comparable GAAP measure to aggregate underlying profit before tax; the following table sets out the reconciliation of this non-GAAP measure to its comparable GAAP measure.

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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GROUP PROFIT RECONCILIATIONS

Half-year to 30 June 2017 Half-year to 30 June 2016 Half-year to 31 Dec 2016
£m £m £m
Underlying profit 4,492 4,161 3,706
Volatility and other items
Enhanced Capital Notes (790)
Market volatility and asset sales 136 128 311
Amortisation of purchased intangibles (38) (168) (172)
Restructuring costs (321) (307) (315)
Fair value unwind and other (135) (110) (121)
(358) (1,247) (297)
Payment protection insurance provision (700) (1,350)
Other conduct provisions (540) (460) (625)
Profit before tax – statutory 2,894 2,454 1,434

Enhanced Capital Notes

The charge of £790 million for Enhanced Capital Notes in the first half of 2016 represented the write-off of the embedded derivative and premium paid on the redemption of remaining notes.

Market volatility and asset sales

Market volatility and asset sales of £136 million included positive volatility in the insurance business of £165 million. The credit of £128 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016 included the gain on sale of Visa Europe of £484 million offset by negative volatility in the insurance business of £372 million.

The Group’s insurance business has policyholder liabilities that are supported by substantial holdings of investments. IFRS requires that the changes in both the value of the liabilities and investments are reflected within the income statement. The value of the liabilities does not move exactly in line with changes in the value of the investments. As the investments are substantial, movements in their value can have a significant impact on the profitability of the Group. Management believes that it is appropriate to disclose the division’s results on the basis of an expected return in addition to results based on the actual return. The impact of the actual return on these investments differing from the expected return is included within insurance volatility.

Volatility comprises the following:

Half-year to 30 June 2017 Half-year to 30 June 2016 Half-year to 31 Dec 2016
£m £m £m
Insurance volatility 74 (328) 176
Policyholder interests volatility 110 (10) 251
Total volatility 184 (338) 427
Insurance hedging arrangements (19) (34) (146)
Total 165 (372) 281

Amortisation of purchased intangibles

Amortisation of purchased intangibles was lower at £38 million (half-year to 30 June 2016: £168 million) as certain intangible assets are now fully amortised.

Restructuring costs

Restructuring costs increased to £321 million and comprised severance costs relating to the Simplification programme, the rationalisation of the non-branch property portfolio, the integration of MBNA and the work on implementing the ring-fencing requirements.

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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GROUP PROFIT RECONCILIATIONS (continued)

Payment protection insurance (PPI)

There was a charge of £700 million charge for PPI (half-year to 30 June 2016: £nil) reflecting current claim levels, which remain above the Group’s previous provision assumption. The additional provision will now cover reactive claims of around 9,000 per week through to the end of August 2019.

Other conduct provisions

Other conduct provisions of £540 million (half-year to 30 June 2016: £460 million) cover a number of items including packaged bank accounts and arrears handling. Following a review of the Group’s arrears handling activities, the Group has put in place a number of actions to improve further its handling of customers in these areas and the Group is reimbursing mortgage arrears fees. The Group is also currently undertaking a review of the HBOS Reading fraud and is in the process of paying compensation to the victims of the fraud for economic losses, ex-gratia payments and awards for distress and inconvenience. A provision of £100 million was taken and reflects the estimated compensation costs for HBOS Reading.

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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DIVISIONAL RESULTS

RETAIL

Retail offers a broad range of financial service products, including current accounts, savings and mortgages, to UK personal customers, including Wealth and small business customers. It is also a distributor of insurance, and a range of long-term savings and investment products. Its aim is to be the best bank for customers in the UK, by building deep and enduring relationships that deliver value to customers, as well as providing them with greater choice and flexibility. It will maintain its multi-brand, multi-channel strategy, continue to simplify the business and provide more transparent products, helping to improve service levels and reduce conduct risks.

Progress against strategic initiatives

Creating the best customer experience

· Announced a new approach to overdrafts that is simple, clear and puts customers in control.

· Largest UK digital bank with nearly 13 million active online users including over 8.5 million mobile users.

· For the third year running, Lloyds Bank’s mobile banking app has been independently ranked number one in the UK for functionality.

· Implemented click to call technology enabling customers to contact the call centre from the Group’s Mobile App without the need for additional ID verification for the majority of transactions.

· 36 per cent increase in customers receiving their mortgage offer in less than 14 days, with some offers completed in two working days.

· Around 90 per cent of new branch savings accounts opened in less than 30 minutes using new digital process, with appointment times halved.

· Retail complaint volumes (excluding PPI) were down 24 per cent in the year to date versus the same period in 2016.

Becoming simpler and more efficient

· Continued investment in new distribution technology; iPads introduced in more than 1,800 branches and used for over 5 million transactions since going live.

· Maintained the UK’s largest branch network with a 21 per cent market share, despite a small number of branch closures.

· Improving accessibility in rural areas by increasing the number of mobile branches to 20, with further increases planned in the second half of the year.

Delivering sustainable growth

· Continued the Group’s commitment to support first-time buyers, with more than £5 billion lent so far in 2017, on track to meet the target of £10 billion in the year.

· On track to exceed the Group’s commitment on start-up businesses with over 63,000 supported in 2017 to date.

Financial performance

· Underlying profit increased 3 per cent to £1,598 million with improved net interest margin and further cost reductions more than offsetting continued pressure on sources of other income.

· Net interest income increased 1 per cent reflecting a 6 basis point improvement in net interest margin partly offset by a reduction in interest-earning banking assets.

· Other income was 15 per cent lower than the first half of 2016, driven by changing customer needs.

· Operating costs decreased 3 per cent to £2,077 million, driven by further efficiency savings which have more than covered increased investment in the business.

· Impairment charge decreased 14 per cent to £139 million, benefiting from higher unsecured debt sales and a benign credit environment. Underlying credit quality remains stable.

· Loans and advances to customers fell 1 per cent to £295.8 billion. Open book mortgage balances at 30 June were broadly stable compared to the end of 2016 after reflecting the reacquisition of £1.7 billion of mortgages from TSB in the second quarter.

· Customer deposits decreased 1 per cent to £269.4 billion, driven by the continued reduction in tactical balances.

· Risk-weighted assets have remained broadly flat at £55.3 billion.

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Performance summary

Half-year — to 30 June Half-year — to 30 June Half-year — to 31 Dec
2017 2016 Change 2016 Change
£m £m % £m %
Net interest income 3,337 3,296 1 3,201 4
Other income 477 558 (15) 495 (4)
Total income 3,814 3,854 (1) 3,696 3
Operating lease depreciation
Net income 3,814 3,854 (1) 3,696 3
Operating costs (2,077) (2,144) 3 (2,030) (2)
Impairment (139) (162) 14 (211) 34
Underlying profit 1,598 1,548 3 1,455 10
Banking net interest margin 2.29% 2.23% 6bp 2.16% 13bp
Average interest-earning banking assets £297.3bn £305.0bn (3) £300.4bn (1)
Asset quality ratio 0.09% 0.11% (2)bp 0.14% (5)bp
Impaired loans as % of closing advances 1.5% 1.4% 0.1pp 1.5%
Return on risk-weighted assets 5.83% 5.70% 13bp 5.21% 62bp
At 30 June — 2017 At 31 Dec — 2016 Change
£bn £bn %
Loans and advances excluding closed portfolios 270.6 271.0
Closed portfolios 25.2 26.7 (6)
Loans and advances to customers 295.8 297.7 (1)
Relationship balances 254.9 253.8
Tactical balances 14.5 17.2 (16)
Customer deposits 269.4 271.0 (1)
Risk-weighted assets 55.3 55.2

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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COMMERCIAL BANKING

Commercial Banking has a client-led, low risk, capital efficient strategy, helping UK-based clients and international clients with a link to the UK. Through its four client facing divisions – SME, Mid Markets, Global Corporates and Financial Institutions – it provides clients with a range of products and services such as lending, transactional banking, working capital management, risk management, debt capital markets services, as well as access to private equity through Lloyds Development Capital.

Progress against strategic initiatives

Commercial Banking continues to meet its strategic objective of improving returns on risk-weighted assets. In the first half of 2017, Commercial Banking has delivered a return of 3.11 per cent significantly outperforming the commitment of 2.40 per cent for 2017.

Creating the best customer experience

· Awarded Business Bank of the Year at the FDs’ Excellence Awards for the 13th consecutive year.

· Helping Britain prosper globally through its newly launched International Trade Portal which provides clients with access to 110,000 importers, 30,000 suppliers, 25,000 market reports, 20,000 trade shows and live tenders.

Becoming simpler and more efficient

· Continue to improve the end-to-end journey for clients by significantly improving the way SMEs open an account with approximately 50 per cent of SME account openings in 2017 using the new digital signature tool.

· Increased digital capability; clients can now simply and quickly place, review and renew their online deposits 24 hours a day which has improved client experiences.

Delivering sustainable growth

· Participated in over £3.6 billion of financing in the first half of 2017 to support UK government infrastructure projects.

· On track to exceed the annual £1 billion Helping Britain Prosper funding commitment for manufacturing businesses in each year since the commitment was made in 2014. The cumulative target of £4 billion over four years has been met in the first half of the year, six months ahead of schedule.

Financial performance

· Underlying profit increased 16 per cent to £1,437 million.

· Return on risk-weighted assets increased to 3.11 per cent, up 69 basis points, demonstrating the continued progress in delivering sustainable returns.

· Income growth of 10 per cent to £2,525 million with strong growth in Mid Markets and Global Corporates.

· Net interest income up 9 per cent to £1,425 million, supported by disciplined deposit pricing and expanded asset margins due to reduced funding costs. Net interest margin improved by 27 basis points.

· Other income up 12 per cent led by good franchise growth including support given to Mid Market and Global Corporate clients with a number of significant refinancing and hedging transactions. Growth in LDC driven by successful equity exits.

· Operating lease depreciation reduced due to accelerated charges in the prior year on certain leasing assets.

· Operating costs up 2 per cent due to continued investment in the business including simplifying the end-to-end customer journey. Disciplined management of staff-related costs has supported positive operating jaws of 10 per cent.

· Impairment charge of £13 million reflects effective credit risk management and the continued low interest rate environment. Asset quality ratio remains low at 0.02 per cent.

· Loans and advances fell 4 per cent to £95.9 billion mainly due to reductions in Global Corporates. Lending growth in SME has remained at above market growth levels.

· Deposits increased by 5 per cent to £138.8 billion. Strong momentum in attracting high quality transactional banking deposits across the franchise that continues to support the balance sheet strength of the Group.

· Continued active portfolio management with risk-weighted assets decreasing £5.2 billion, driven primarily by the reduction in loans and advances.

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Performance summary

Half-year — to 30 June Half-year — to 30 June Half-year — to 31 Dec
2017 2016 Change 2016 Change
£m £m % £m %
Net interest income 1,425 1,306 9 1,429
Other income 1,100 982 12 1,005 9
Total income 2,525 2,288 10 2,434 4
Operating lease depreciation (18) (52) 65 (53) 66
Net income 2,507 2,236 12 2,381 5
Operating costs (1,057) (1,035) (2) (1,098) 4
Impairment (charge) release (13) 35 (51) 75
Underlying profit 1,437 1,236 16 1,232 17
Banking net interest margin 3.45% 3.18% 27bp 3.33% 12bp
Average interest-earning banking assets £84.9bn £88.1bn (4) £89.0bn (5)
Asset quality ratio 0.02% (0.06)% 8bp 0.10% (8)bp
Impaired loans as % of closing advances 2.0% 2.3% (0.3)pp 2.2% (0.2)pp
Return on risk-weighted assets 3.11% 2.42% 69bp 2.46% 65bp
At 30 June — 2017 At 31 Dec — 2016 Change
£bn £bn %
Loans and advances to customers 95.9 100.4 (4)
Customer deposits 138.8 132.6 5
Risk-weighted assets 90.8 96.0 (5)

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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CONSUMER FINANCE

Consumer Finance comprises the Group’s consumer lending products, including motor finance, credit cards (including MBNA), unsecured personal loans and its European consumer business. Its aim is to deliver sustainable growth, within a prudent risk appetite in these markets through its multi-brand, multi-channel distribution model.

Progress against strategic initiatives

The division continues to make significant progress against its strategic objectives, and in June, successfully completed the acquisition of the MBNA credit card business from Bank of America. The acquisition consolidates the Group’s position as Britain’s largest credit card issuer. Customer assets have grown by £11 billion since the start of the year, primarily driven by £7.9 billion related to MBNA and continued organic growth.

Creating the best customer experience

· Consumer Cards customer complaints reduced 25 per cent year-on-year, despite continued portfolio growth, as customer concerns are addressed and fixed.

· Black Horse completed the first phase of its new digital platform. This enables dealers to clearly present information to customers and submit applications via a tablet.

· Lex Autolease launched a new website for both business and personal customers, improving access from mobile devices.

· Loans introduced upfront eligibility checking for existing current account customers, and extended the Halifax offer beyond existing customers.

Becoming simpler and more efficient

· Black Horse has simplified the process for new customers through the introduction of welcome videos and the issuance of contract information digitally.

· Lex Autolease has re-platformed its IT infrastructure, improving IT resilience and doubling performance speed.

· Bank of Scotland Germany has replaced its IT system with a modular digital platform that the Group believes will result in an IT cost reduction of c.30 per cent over a five year period.

Delivering sustainable growth

· Consumer Finance continues to closely monitor the economic environment to maintain performance within its prudent risk appetite.

· Continue to tighten lending criteria with increased conservatism in residual risk management.

· Lex Autolease has achieved its five year ambition to grow the fleet by 100,000 vehicles, cementing its position as the UK’s leading motor vehicle leasing company.

Financial performance

· Underlying profit at £759 million was up 10 per cent (6 per cent excluding MBNA), mainly driven by higher income and lower impairments. Return on risk-weighted assets remained strong at 4.36 per cent.

· Net interest income at £1,041 million was up 5 per cent from strong asset growth.

· Other income was up 15 per cent at £755 million, with continued fleet growth in Lex Autolease. This increase was partly offset by growth in associated operating lease depreciation.

· Operating costs fell by 1 per cent to £463 million through continued underlying efficiency savings.

· Impairment charge down 2 per cent at £125 million due to debt sales more than offsetting portfolio growth. Underlying asset quality ratio was broadly flat at 1.30 per cent.

· UK customer assets were up 30 per cent since December 2016, reflecting the acquisition of MBNA and continued growth in Black Horse, in particular through the partnership with Jaguar Land Rover.

· Customer deposits were down 10 per cent since December 2016 to £7.1 billion, in line with the Group’s deposit strategy.

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Performance summary

Half-year — to 30 June Half-year — to 30 June Half-year — to 31 Dec
2017 1 2016 Change 2016 Change
£m £m % £m %
Net interest income 1,041 994 5 947 10
Other income 755 658 15 680 11
Total income 1,796 1,652 9 1,627 10
Operating lease depreciation (449) (368) (22) (407) (10)
Net income 1,347 1,284 5 1,220 10
Operating costs (463) (466) 1 (473) 2
Impairment (125) (128) 2 (154) 19
Underlying profit 759 690 10 593 28
Banking net interest margin 5.58% 6.27% (69)bp 5.52% 6bp
Average interest-earning banking assets £37.9bn £32.9bn 15 £34.9bn 9
Asset quality ratio 0.67% 0.79% (12)bp 0.88% (21)bp
Impaired loans as % of closing advances 1.8% 2.3% (0.5)pp 2.1% (0.3)pp
Return on risk-weighted assets 4.36% 4.47% (11)bp 3.73% 63bp

1 Includes MBNA with effect from 1 June 2017 (total income £63 million; operating costs £21 million; impairment £14 million).

At 30 June — 2017 At 31 Dec — 2016 Change
£bn £bn %
Loans and advances to customers 45.4 35.1 29
Operating lease assets 4.6 4.1 12
Total customer assets 50.0 39.2 28
Of which UK 42.7 32.8 30
Customer deposits 7.1 7.9 (10)
Risk-weighted assets 40.0 32.1 25

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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INSURANCE

The Insurance division is committed to providing a range of trusted, value for money protection, general insurance, pension and investment products to meet the needs of its customers. Scottish Widows, with customer funds under management of £124 billion, together with the general insurance business help around 9 million customers to protect what they value most and to plan financially for the future.

Progress against strategic initiatives

The Group continues to invest in developing the Insurance business and seeks to grow in areas where it has competitive advantage and is underrepresented, for the benefit of both customers and shareholders.

Creating the best customer experience

· Awarded ‘Pension Firm of the Year’ (FDs’ Excellence Awards), ‘Pensions Provider of the Year’ (Pensions Age Awards) and ‘Risk Reduction Provider of the Year’ (UK Pensions Awards).

· Helped almost 10,000 protection customers at the most difficult and challenging times of their lives. An improved customer claim journey means that the percentage of new protection claims paid is one of the highest in the industry.

Becoming simpler and more efficient

· More than 40 per cent of corporate pension schemes are now using the digital service for employers, which has significantly reduced processing times.

· Launched a digital service for employees with workplace pensions enabling individuals to view their pension value and contribution history, update personal details and access educational material on pension basics.

Delivering sustainable growth

· Collaborated with Commercial Banking to source lower risk, long-maturity assets to match growing annuitant liabilities, providing finance to support two major UK infrastructure projects.

· Annualised payments to annuity customers in retirement have reached £1 billion, reflecting robust growth in this business.

· Sums assured under Scottish Widows Protect have almost doubled to £4.7 billion since the end of 2016.

· Continuing the progress made in 2016, five further bulk annuity transactions were successfully completed in the first half of 2017.

· Corporate pension, planning and retirement funds under management increased by 8 per cent to £38 billion reflecting net inflows and positive market movements.

· Longstanding life, pensions and investment (LP&I) funds under management remains stable.

Financial performance

· Underlying profit decreased by 9 per cent to £408 million as a result of lower bulk annuity transactions and increased investment costs in the first half of 2017. Compared to the second half of 2016, underlying profit grew by 4 per cent.

· Life and pensions sales increased by 4 per cent reflecting growth in corporate pensions, planning and retirement and protection. Excluding bulk annuity deals, sales increased by 25 per cent.

· General insurance underwritten new business household premiums have increased by 3 per cent, driven by the new flexible online offering launched in 2016. However, total underwritten premiums have decreased by 13 per cent, reflecting the continued competitiveness of the household market and the run off of legacy products.

· Costs increased to £414 million reflecting higher investment expenditure with business as usual costs remaining broadly flat.

Capital

· Paid an interim dividend of £75 million to the Group in July 2017, bringing total dividends paid since the formation of the Group in 2009, to £7.2 billion.

· The estimated post interim dividend Solvency II ratio of 152 per cent (31 December 2016 post dividend position: 147 per cent) represents the shareholder view of Solvency II surplus. The increase in the ratio primarily reflects in year earnings and favourable market volatility, partly offset by capital invested in new business.

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Performance summary

Half-year — to 30 June Half-year — to 30 June Half-year — to 31 Dec
2017 2016 Change 2016 Change
£m £m % £m %
Net interest income (50) (80) 38 (66) 24
Other income 872 921 (5) 834 5
Total income 822 841 (2) 768 7
Operating costs (414) (395) (5) (377) (10)
Underlying profit 408 446 (9) 391 4
Life and pensions sales (PVNBP) 1 4,984 4,791 4 4,128 21
New business income 153 222 (31) 159 (4)
General insurance underwritten new GWP 2 38 37 3 38
General insurance underwritten total GWP 2 370 424 (13) 409 (10)
General insurance combined ratio 88% 89% (1)pp 85% 3pp
Solvency II ratio 3 152% 144% 8pp 147% 5pp
1 Present value of new business premiums.
2 Gross written premiums.
3 On a post dividend shareholder basis. The equivalent regulatory view of the ratio (including With Profits funds) is 147 per cent at 30 June 2017 (31 December 2016: 143 per cent).

Income by product group

Half-year to 30 June 2017 — New Existing Half-year to 30 June 2016 — New Existing Half-year
business business Total business business Total to 31 Dec
income income income income income income 2016
£m £m £m £m £m £m £m
Corporate pensions 50 48 98 69 52 121 106
Bulk annuities 40 13 53 84 6 90 47
Planning and retirement 46 45 91 58 47 105 99
Protection 10 10 20 8 9 17 19
Longstanding LP&I 7 220 227 3 223 226 223
153 336 489 222 337 559 494
Life and pensions experience and other items 191 124 99
General insurance 157 168 186
NII and free asset return (15) (10) (11)
Total income 822 841 768

Presentation of 2016 income by product group restated to be aligned with 2017 proposition groupings.

New business income has decreased by £69 million to £153 million, driven by the timing of bulk annuity transactions and lower income from corporate pensions and planning and retirement. Existing business income is broadly flat. Compared to the second half of 2016, new business income is stable.

Experience and other items contributed a net benefit of £191 million (2016: £124 million). This included £170 million from the addition of a new death benefit to certain legacy pension contracts, aligning terms with other similar products. An equivalent benefit of £184 million in the first half of 2016 was partly offset by the impact of reforms on activity within the corporate pensions market.

General insurance income net of claims has decreased by £11 million reflecting the continued competitiveness of the Home market and the run off of legacy products.

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RUN-OFF AND CENTRAL ITEMS

RUN-OFF

Half-year — to 30 June Half-year — to 30 June Half-year — to 31 Dec
2017 2016 Change 2016 Change
£m £m % £m %
Net interest income (48) (59) 19 (51) 6
Other income 45 78 (42) 42 7
Total income (3) 19 (9) 67
Operating lease depreciation (28) (8) (7)
Net income (31) 11 (16) (94)
Operating costs (23) (38) 39 (39) 41
Impairment release 14 10 40 16 (13)
Underlying loss (40) (17) (39) (3)
At 30 June — 2017 At 31 Dec — 2016 Change
£bn £bn %
Loans and advances to customers 9.1 9.6 (5)
Total assets 10.7 11.3 (5)
Risk-weighted assets 8.1 8.5 (5)

· The underlying loss increased to £40 million largely as a result of additional depreciation charges on certain leasing assets.

· Total run-off assets have reduced by a further 5 per cent since 31 December 2016.

CENTRAL ITEMS

Half-year Half-year Half-year
to 30 June to 30 June to 31 Dec
2017 2016 2016
£m £m £m
Total income 319 221 109
Costs 16 37 (35)
Impairment charge (5)
Underlying profit 330 258 74

· Central items includes income and expenditure not attributed to divisions, including the costs of certain central and head office functions.

· Total income included the gain on sale of the Group’s interest in VocaLink of £146 million together with gains on sales of liquid assets and other items.

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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RISK MANAGEMENT

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

The significant risks faced by the Group which could impact the success of delivering against the Group’s long-term strategic objectives and through which global macro-economic conditions, ongoing political uncertainty, regulatory developments and market liquidity dynamics could manifest, are detailed below. Except where noted, there has been no significant change to the description of these risks or key mitigating actions disclosed in the Group’s 2016 Annual Report and Accounts, with any quantitative disclosures updated herein.

The Group has already considered many of the potential implications following the UK’s vote to leave the European Union and continues to manage related developments to assess, and if possible mitigate any impact to its customers, colleagues and products − as well as all legal, regulatory, tax, finance and capital implications.

Credit risk – The risk that customers and/or other counterparties whom the Group has either lent money to or entered into a financial contract with, or other counterparties with whom the Group has contracted, fail to meet their financial obligations, resulting in loss to the Group. Adverse changes in the economic and market environment the Group operates in or the credit quality and/or behaviour of the Group’s customers and counterparties could reduce the value of the Group’s assets and potentially increase the Group’s write downs and allowances for impairment losses, adversely impacting profitability.

Conduct risk – Conduct risk can arise from the failure to design products and services to ensure they are aligned to customer needs and to design and execute sales processes to ensure products and services are offered only to those customers who need and will benefit from them. Additionally, conduct risk can arise from the failure to provide ongoing support and service to customers and to recognise and respond to customer complaints, providing appropriate rectification in a timely manner. Conduct risk can result from the failure to ensure that colleagues behave in line with conduct, regulatory and ethical standards. Additionally, market conduct risks exist where actions taken can disrupt the fair and effective operation of a market in which the Group is active.

Market risk – The risk that the Group’s capital or earnings profile is affected by adverse market rates, in particular interest rates and credit spreads in the Banking business, equity and credit spreads in the Insurance business, and credit spreads in the Group’s Defined Benefit Pension Schemes.

Operational risk – The Group faces significant operational risks, such as risk of cyber and terrorism, which may result in financial loss, disruption of services to customers, and damage to its reputation. These include the availability, resilience and security of the Group’s core IT systems and the potential for failings in the Group’s customer processes.

Capital risk – The risk that the Group has a sub-optimal quantity or quality of capital or that capital is inefficiently deployed across the Group.

Funding and liquidity risk – The risk that the Group has insufficient financial resources to meet its commitments as they fall due, or can only secure them at excessive cost.

Regulatory and legal risk – The risks of changing legislation, regulation (including regulatory changes such as the Second Payment Services Directive and Open Banking), policies, voluntary codes of practice and their interpretation in the markets in which the Group operates can have a significant impact on the Group’s operations, business prospects, structure, costs and/or capital requirements and ability to enforce contractual obligations.

Governance risk – Against a background of increased regulatory focus on governance and risk management, the most significant challenges arise from the requirement to improve the resolvability of the Group and to ring-fence core UK financial services and activities from January 2019, and from the further development of the UK Financial Conduct Authority’s Senior Managers and Certification Regime.

People risk – Key people risks include the risk that the Group fails to maintain organisational skills, capability, resilience and capacity levels in response to increasing volumes of organisational, political and external market change.

Insurance risk – Key insurance risks within the Insurance business are longevity, persistency and property insurance. Longevity risk is expected to increase as the Group’s presence in the bulk annuity market increases. Longevity is also the key insurance risk in the Group’s Defined Benefit Pension Schemes.

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CREDIT RISK PORTFOLIO

Overview

· Asset quality remains strong with portfolios continuing to benefit from the Group’s proactive approach to risk management, continued low interest rates, and a resilient UK economic environment.

· Impaired loans as a percentage of closing loans and advances remained stable at 1.8 per cent, with impaired loans reducing by £202 million to £8,293 million during the period, mainly due to a large disposal in Commercial Banking during the first quarter and further reductions in Run-off.

· The impairment charge increased by £23 million to £268 million in the first half. The increase was driven by lower provision releases and write-backs which more than offset a reduction in gross impairment charges mainly in Commercial Banking.

· The asset quality ratio was 12 basis points (half-year to 30 June 2016: 11 basis points) with the gross asset quality ratio (before releases and write-backs) falling 3 basis points compared with the same period in 2016 and remaining stable compared with the first quarter of 2017.

· The Group now expects the asset quality ratio for the year to be less than 20 basis points, including MBNA.

Low risk culture and prudent risk appetite

· The Group continues to operate a prudent approach to credit risk, with the portfolios benefiting from the focus on credit quality at origination and a prudent through the cycle approach to credit risk appetite. The Group’s portfolios are well positioned against current economic concerns and market volatility.

· The Group’s credit processes and controls ensure effective risk management, including early identification and management of customers and counterparties who may be showing signs of distress.

· The Group has delivered lending growth in key segments without relaxing credit criteria.

· Sector concentrations within the lending portfolios are closely monitored and controlled, with mitigating actions taken where appropriate. Sector and product caps limit exposure to certain higher risk and vulnerable sectors and asset classes:

  • The average indexed LTV of the Retail UK Secured portfolio at 30 June 2017 was 43.0 per cent (31 December 2016: 44.0 per cent). The percentage of closing loans and advances with an indexed LTV greater than 100 per cent was 0.7 per cent (31 December 2016: 0.7 per cent).

  • Robust indebtedness and affordability controls continue to ensure new unsecured lending is sustainable for customers.

  • Total UK Direct Real Estate gross lending across the Group was £19.4 billion at 30 June 2017 (31 December 2016: £19.9 billion) and includes Core Commercial Banking lending of £18.1 billion, £0.5 billion booked in the Islands Commercial business and £0.2 billion within Retail Business Banking (within Retail Division).

· Run-off net external assets stood at £10,676 million at 30 June 2017, down from £11,336 million at 31 December 2016. The portfolio represents only 2.0 per cent of the overall Group’s loans and advances (31 December 2016: 2.1 per cent).

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Impairment charge by division

Half-year — to 30 June Half-year — to 30 June Half-year — to 31 Dec
2017 2016 Change 2016
£m £m % £m
Retail:
Secured 34 32 (6) 72
Overdrafts 94 120 22 121
Other 11 10 (10) 18
139 162 14 211
Commercial Banking:
SME 1 (5) (2)
Other 12 (30) 53
13 (35) 51
Consumer Finance:
Credit Cards 49 59 17 77
Loans 30 42 29 28
UK Motor Finance 45 28 (61) 47
Europe 1 (1) 2
125 128 2 154
Run-off:
Ireland retail 4 (1)
Corporate real estate and other corporate (7) 9 (8)
Specialist finance (7) (13) (46) 11
Other (4) (6) (33) (18)
(14) (10) 40 (16)
Central items 5
Total impairment charge 268 245 (9) 400
Asset quality ratio 0.12% 0.11% 1bp 0.18%
Gross asset quality ratio 0.23% 0.26% (3)bp 0.29%

Total impairment charge comprises:

Half-year — to 30 June Half-year — to 30 June Half-year — to 31 Dec
2017 2016 Change 2016
£m £m % £m
Loans and advances to customers 265 257 (3) 400
Debt securities classified as loans and receivables (4)
Available-for-sale financial assets 6
Other credit risk provisions 1 (12)
Total impairment charge 268 245 (9) 400

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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Group impaired loans and provisions

Impairment
Impaired provisions
Loans and loans as % as % of
advances to Impaired of closing Impairment impaired
customers loans advances provisions 1 loans 2
At 30 June 2017 £m £m % £m %
Retail:
Secured 292,602 4,175 1.4 1,514 36.3
Overdrafts 1,964 168 8.6 84 80.8
Other 3,002 69 2.3 36 66.7
297,568 4,412 1.5 1,634 37.7
Commercial Banking:
SME 30,387 898 3.0 160 17.8
Other 66,263 1,014 1.5 581 57.3
96,650 1,912 2.0 741 38.8
Consumer Finance:
Credit Cards 17,634 413 2.3 263 82.7
Loans 7,967 259 3.3 109 86.5
UK Motor Finance 3 12,786 126 1.0 139 110.3
Europe 4 7,198 43 0.6 23 53.5
45,585 841 1.8 534 87.1
Run-off:
Ireland retail 4,472 138 3.1 127 92.0
Corporate real estate and other corporate 1,151 885 76.9 364 41.1
Specialist finance 2,958 24 0.8 37 154.2
Other 1,092 81 7.4 29 35.8
9,673 1,128 11.7 557 49.4
Reverse repos and other items 5 18,424
Total gross lending 467,900 8,293 1.8 3,466 43.4
Impairment provisions (3,466)
Fair value adjustments 6 170
Total Group 464,604
1 Impairment provisions include collective unidentified impairment provisions.
2 Impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans are calculated excluding Retail and Consumer Finance loans in recoveries (£64 million in Retail Overdrafts, £15 million in Retail Other, £95 million in Consumer Finance Credit Cards and £133 million in Consumer Finance Loans).
3 UK Motor Finance comprises the UK motor finance portfolios, principally Black Horse and Lex Autolease.
4 Europe comprises Netherlands mortgages and German Consumer Finance products.
5 Includes £6.8 billion of lower risk loans sold by Commercial Banking and Retail to Insurance to back annuitant liabilities.
6 The Group made adjustments to reflect the HBOS and MBNA loans and advances at fair value on acquisition. At 30 June 2017, the remaining fair value adjustment was £170 million comprising a positive adjustment of £300 million in respect of the MBNA assets and a negative adjustment of £130 million in respect of the HBOS assets. The fair value unwind in respect of impairment losses for the six months ended 30 June 2017 was £42 million (30 June 2016: £27 million). The fair value unwind in respect of loans and advances will reduce to zero over time.

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Impairment
Impaired provisions
Loans and loans as % as % of
advances to Impaired of closing Impairment impaired
customers loans advances provisions 1 loans 2
At 31 December 2016 £m £m % £m %
Retail:
Secured 294,503 4,104 1.4 1,503 36.6
Overdrafts 1,952 179 9.2 90 82.6
Other 3,038 71 2.3 37 67.3
299,493 4,354 1.5 1,630 38.2
Commercial Banking:
SME 29,959 923 3.1 173 18.7
Other 71,217 1,256 1.8 651 51.8
101,176 2,179 2.2 824 37.8
Consumer Finance:
Credit Cards 9,843 307 3.1 157 81.8
Loans 7,767 277 3.6 92 81.4
UK Motor Finance 11,555 120 1.0 127 105.8
Europe 6,329 41 0.6 20 48.8
35,494 745 2.1 396 85.0
Run-off:
Ireland retail 4,497 138 3.1 133 96.4
Corporate real estate and other corporate 1,190 896 75.3 399 44.5
Specialist finance 3,374 99 2.9 111 112.1
Other 1,198 84 7.0 39 46.4
10,259 1,217 11.9 682 56.0
Reverse repos and other items 3 15,249
Total gross lending 461,671 8,495 1.8 3,532 43.4
Impairment provisions (3,532)
Fair value adjustments (181)
Total Group 457,958
1 Impairment provisions include collective unidentified impairment provisions.
2 Impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans are calculated excluding Retail and Consumer Finance loans in recoveries (£70 million in Retail Overdrafts, £16 million in Retail Other, £115 million in Consumer Finance Credit Cards and £164 million in Consumer Finance Loans).
3 Includes £6.7 billion of lower risk loans sold by Commercial Banking and Retail to Insurance to back annuitant liabilities.

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Retail

· Loans and advances in Retail contracted by 0.6 per cent to £297,568 million (31 December 2016: £299,493 million), driven by the Secured portfolio.

· Asset quality remains strong across all portfolios. New business quality is stable with fewer loans entering arrears, and remains within credit risk appetite.

· Impaired loans as a percentage of closing advances remained stable at 1.5 per cent.

· Impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans was broadly stable at 37.7 per cent (31 December 2016: 38.2 per cent).

· The impairment charge decreased to £139 million (half-year to 30 June 2016: £162 million), mostly due to debt sale write-backs in the Overdrafts portfolio.

Secured

· Loans and advances reduced by 0.6 per cent on the Secured book to £292,602 million (31 December 2016: £294,503 million), with reductions in both the Mainstream and Buy-to-let portfolios. The closed Specialist portfolio has continued to run-off, reducing by 5.3 per cent to £16,662 million (31 December 2016: £17,593 million).

· The value of owner-occupier interest only loans reduced in the first half of 2017 by 4.3 per cent to £69,505 million (31 December 2016: £72,651 million).

· The value of mortgages greater than three months in arrears (excluding repossessions) reduced by 2.2 per cent to £5,900 million at 30 June 2017 (31 December 2016: £6,033 million). New business quality remained stable and flows into arrears improved.

· Impaired loans as a percentage of closing advances remained stable at 1.4 per cent.

· Impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans remained stable at 36.3 per cent (31 December 2016: 36.6 per cent), reflecting a continued prudent approach to provisioning.

· The impairment charge was £34 million (half-year to 30 June 2016: £32 million).

· The average indexed LTV of the portfolio improved to 43.0 per cent (31 December 2016: 44.0 per cent). The percentage of loans and advances with an indexed LTV in excess of 100 per cent was unchanged at 0.7 per cent.

· The average LTV for new mortgages written in the first half of 2017 was stable at 64.0 per cent (31 December 2016: 64.4 per cent).

Overdrafts

· Loans and advances increased by 0.6 per cent in the first half of 2017 to £1,964 million (31 December 2016: £1,952 million).

· Impaired loans as a percentage of closing advances were 8.6 per cent (31 December 2016: 9.2 per cent).

· Impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans decreased to 80.8 per cent (31 December 2016: 82.6 per cent).

· The impairment charge decreased by 21.7 per cent to £94 million (half-year to 30 June 2016: £120 million), largely due to increased debt sale write-backs and improved underlying performance.

Retail secured and unsecured loans and advances to customers

At 30 June At 31 Dec
2017 2016
£m £m
Mainstream 221,832 222,450
Buy-to-let 54,108 54,460
Specialist 1 16,662 17,593
Total secured 292,602 294,503
Overdrafts 1,964 1,952
Wealth 1,993 2,034
Retail Business Banking 1,009 1,004
4,966 4,990
Total 297,568 299,493

1 Specialist lending has been closed to new business since 2009.

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Retail mortgages greater than three months in arrears (excluding repossessions)

Number of cases — June Dec Total mortgage accounts % — June Dec Value of loans 1 — June Dec Total mortgage balances % — June Dec
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016
Cases Cases % % £m £m % %
Mainstream 34,919 35,254 1.7 1.7 3,809 3,865 1.7 1.7
Buy-to-let 5,106 5,324 1.1 1.1 633 660 1.2 1.2
Specialist 8,869 9,078 7.4 7.2 1,458 1,508 8.8 8.6
Total 48,894 49,656 1.8 1.8 5,900 6,033 2.0 2.0

1 Value of loans represents total gross book value of mortgages more than three months in arrears.

The stock of repossessions decreased to 595 cases at 30 June 2017 compared to 678 cases at 31 December 2016.

Period end and average LTVs across the Retail mortgage portfolios

Mainstream Buy-to-let Specialist Total Unimpaired Impaired
% % % % % %
At 30 June 2017
Less than 60% 58.8 56.2 57.7 58.3 58.5 42.4
60% to 70% 17.0 24.0 17.4 18.3 18.3 17.8
70% to 80% 13.6 13.1 12.3 13.4 13.4 14.1
80% to 90% 8.1 4.5 6.9 7.4 7.4 10.4
90% to 100% 2.0 1.6 2.5 1.9 1.9 6.0
Greater than 100% 0.5 0.6 3.2 0.7 0.5 9.3
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Outstanding loan value (£m) 221,832 54,108 16,662 292,602 288,427 4,175
Average loan to value: 1
Stock of residential mortgages 40.9 52.4 47.5 43.0
New residential lending 64.7 60.6 n/a 64.0
Impaired mortgages 50.7 69.2 61.4 54.9
Mainstream Buy-to-let Specialist Total Unimpaired Impaired
% % % % % %
At 31 December 2016
Less than 60% 56.8 52.0 53.8 55.8 56.0 38.3
60% to 70% 17.8 25.4 17.8 19.2 19.3 18.4
70% to 80% 14.0 14.4 13.6 14.0 14.0 15.3
80% to 90% 8.4 6.1 8.6 8.0 7.9 11.9
90% to 100% 2.4 1.5 3.1 2.3 2.2 6.8
Greater than 100% 0.6 0.6 3.1 0.7 0.6 9.3
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Outstanding loan value (£m) 222,450 54,460 17,593 294,503 290,399 4,104
Average loan to value: 1
Stock of residential mortgages 41.8 53.7 49.2 44.0
New residential lending 65.0 61.9 n/a 64.4
Impaired mortgages 51.8 69.0 61.9 55.8

1 Average loan to value is calculated as total gross loans and advances as a percentage of the indexed total collateral of these loans and advances.

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Commercial Banking

· There was a net impairment charge of £13 million compared to a net release of £35 million in the first half of 2016, primarily driven by a lower level of write-backs and provision releases, which more than offset a reduction in gross charges. The portfolio continues to benefit from effective risk management, a relatively benign economic environment and continued low interest rates.

· Credit quality of the portfolio and new business remains good.

· Impaired loans reduced by 12.3 per cent to £1,912 million compared with £2,179 million at 31 December 2016 and as a percentage of loans and advances reduced to 2.0 per cent from 2.2 per cent at 31 December 2016.

· Impairment provisions reduced to £741 million (31 December 2016: £824 million) and included collective unidentified impairment provisions of £179 million (31 December 2016: £183 million). Provisions as a percentage of impaired loans increased from 37.8 per cent to 38.8 per cent during the first half of 2017.

· The UK faces a number of significant headwinds including the changing UK and global economic outlook and uncertainty relating to EU exit negotiations which have the ability to impact the Commercial Banking portfolios.

· Commercial Banking remains disciplined within its low risk appetite approach and credit risks continue to be effectively managed. It manages and limits exposure to certain sectors and asset classes, and closely monitors credit quality, sector and single name concentrations.

· Internal and external key performance indicators continue to be monitored closely to help identify early signs of any deterioration and portfolios remain subject to ongoing risk mitigation actions as appropriate.

· Despite the uncertain economic headwinds, the portfolios are well positioned and the Group’s through the cycle risk appetite approach is expected to remain unchanged. However, portfolios will not be immune and impairments are likely to increase from their historic low levels, driven predominantly by lower levels of releases and write-backs.

Portfolios

· The SME Banking portfolio continues to grow within prudent credit risk appetite parameters. Portfolio credit quality has remained stable or improved across all key metrics.

· The Mid Markets business remains UK-focused and performance generally reflects the underlying performance of the UK economy. The first half of 2017 has seen a continuation of relatively benign credit conditions, underpinned by low interest rates, GDP growth and low unemployment. Lower Sterling values have benefited exporters of goods and services while placing pressure on margins in businesses reliant on imports for domestic consumption. This has not resulted in material increases in stress across the bulk of the portfolio, with levels of default and impairment remaining low by historic standards.

· The Global Corporates business continues to have a predominance of investment grade clients and is performing well, with limited downgrades occurring in the first half of 2017.

· The commercial real estate business within the Group’s Mid Markets and Global Corporate portfolio is focused on clients operating in the UK commercial property market ranging in size from medium-sized private real estate entities up to publicly listed property companies. Despite political uncertainties and the potential impact of withdrawal from the EU, the market for UK real estate has continued to be resilient, with appetite from a range of investors. UK real estate continues to offer attractive yields compared to other asset classes and the fall in Sterling has boosted the attractiveness to foreign investors. Credit quality remains good with minimal impairments/stressed loans. Recognising this is a cyclical sector, appropriate caps are in place to control exposure and business propositions continue to be written in line with a prudent, through the cycle risk appetite with conservative LTVs, strong quality of income and proven management teams.

· Financial Institutions serves predominantly investment grade counterparties with whom relationships are either client focused or held to support the Group’s funding, liquidity or general hedging requirements. The portfolio continues to be prudently managed within the Group’s conservative risk appetite and clearly defined sector strategies.

· The Group continues to adopt a conservative stance across the Eurozone maintaining close portfolio scrutiny and oversight particularly given the current macro environment and horizon risks.

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Consumer Finance

· Loans and advances in the Consumer Finance book grew by 28.4 per cent to £45,585 million (31 December 2016: £35,494 million), mostly due to the acquisition of MBNA.

· Asset quality remains strong. The quality of new business continues to be good, and remains within credit risk appetite.

· Robust indebtedness and affordability controls continue to ensure new lending is sustainable for customers and the credit quality of the portfolio remains high.

· Impaired loans grew by 12.9 per cent to £841 million (31 December 2016: £745 million) largely reflecting the acquisition of MBNA. Impaired loans as a percentage of closing advances improved to 1.8 per cent (31 December 2016: 2.1 per cent) indicating an improvement in overall credit quality.

· Impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans increased to 87.1 per cent (31 December 2016: 85.0 per cent), due to a one-off change relating to the alignment of policy across brands in Loans, and growth in the UK Motor Finance portfolio coupled with prudent provisioning on residual value exposures.

· The impairment charge was £125 million (half-year to 30 June 2016: £128 million) with growth in UK Motor Finance, offset by larger debt sale benefits in both the Cards and Loans portfolios compared to the first half of 2016.

Credit Cards

· Loans and advances increased by 79.2 per cent to £17,634 million during the first half of 2017 (31 December 2016: £9,843 million), due to the acquisition of MBNA.

· Impaired loans increased by 34.5 per cent to £413 million (31 December 2016: £307 million), reflecting the acquisition of MBNA. Impaired loans as a percentage of closing loans and advances improved to 2.3 per cent (31 December 2016: 3.1 per cent), reflecting the continued sale of debt in recoveries and the good credit quality of the portfolio.

· Impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans remained broadly stable at 82.7 per cent (31 December 2016: 81.8 per cent).

· The impairment charge decreased to £49 million (half-year to 30 June 2016: £59 million), driven by larger debt sale benefits in the first half of 2017 compared to the first half of 2016.

Loans

· Loans and advances increased by 2.6 per cent to £7,967 million in the first half of 2017 (31 December 2016: £7,767 million) and credit quality remained strong.

· Impaired loans decreased by 6.5 per cent to £259 million (31 December 2016: £277 million), largely due to the sale of debt in recoveries. Impaired loans as a percentage of closing loans and advances improved to 3.3 per cent (31 December 2016: 3.6 per cent).

· Impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans increased to 86.5 per cent (31 December 2016: 81.4 per cent), reflecting a one-off change relating to policy alignment across brands for franchised customers.

· The impairment charge decreased to £30 million (half-year to 30 June 2016: £42 million), driven by larger debt sale benefits in the first half of 2017 compared to the first half of 2016.

UK Motor Finance

· Loans and advances increased by 10.7 per cent to £12,786 million during the first half of 2017 (31 December 2016: £11,555 million), with £583 million (47.4 per cent) of the growth occurring in the Jaguar Land Rover partnership.

· Impaired loans increased by 5.0 per cent to £126 million (31 December 2016: £120 million) driven by book growth. Impaired loans as a percentage of closing loans and advances remained stable at 1.0 per cent.

· Impairment provisions as a percentage of impaired loans increased to 110.3 per cent (31 December 2016: 105.8 per cent), reflecting continued prudence in provisions against residual value exposures.

· The impairment charge was £45 million (half-year to 30 June 2016: £28 million), driven by growth and seasoning in the portfolio.

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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Forbearance

The Group operates a number of schemes to assist borrowers who are experiencing financial stress. Forbearance policies are disclosed in the Risk Management section of the Group’s 2016 Annual Report and Accounts, pages 127 to 129.

Retail forbearance

At 30 June 2017, UK Secured loans and advances currently or recently subject to forbearance improved to 0.6 per cent (31 December 2016: 0.7 per cent) of total UK Secured loans and advances. Overdrafts loans and advances currently or recently subject to forbearance were 4.1 per cent (31 December 2016: 4.0 per cent) of total overdrafts loans and advances.

Total loans and Total forborne loans Impairment provisions — as % of loans and
advances which are and advances which are advances which are
forborne impaired forborne
At June At Dec At June At Dec At June At Dec
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016
£m £m £m £m % %
UK Secured lending:
Temporary forbearance arrangements
Reduced payment arrangements 1 299 428 82 101 5.9 4.9
Permanent treatments
Repair and term extensions 2 1,342 1,668 93 116 4.7 4.7
Total 1,641 2,096 175 217 4.9 4.7
Overdrafts 3 : 80 78 69 61 46.0 38.0
1 Includes customers who had an arrangement to pay less than the contractual amount at 30 June or where an arrangement ended within the previous three months.
2 Includes capitalisation of arrears and term extensions which commenced during the previous 24 months and where the borrowers remain as customers at 30 June.
3 Includes temporary treatments where the customer is currently benefiting from change or the treatment has ended within the last six months.

Commercial Banking forbearance

At 30 June 2017, £2,321 million (31 December 2016: £2,645 million) of total loans and advances were forborne of which £1,912 million (31 December 2016: £2,179 million) were impaired. Impairment provisions as a percentage of forborne loans and advances increased from 31.2 per cent at 31 December 2016 to 31.9 per cent at 30 June 2017. Unimpaired forborne loans and advances were £409 million at 30 June 2017 (31 December 2016: £466 million).

The table below sets out the Group’s largest unimpaired forborne loans and advances to commercial customers (exposures over £5 million) as at 30 June 2017 by type of forbearance:

30 June 31 Dec
2017 2016
£m £m
Type of unimpaired forbearance:
Exposures > £5m 1
Covenants 122 153
Extensions/alterations 7
Multiple 11 21
133 181
Exposures < £5m 1 276 285
Total 409 466

1 Material portfolios only.

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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Consumer Finance forbearance

At 30 June 2017, total loans and advances currently or recently subject to forbearance as a percentage of total loans and advances had reduced across the major Consumer Finance portfolios (30 June 2017: 1.3 per cent; 31 December 2016: 1.4 per cent), with decreases in Consumer Credit Cards (including MBNA) and Loans offset by an increase in UK Motor Finance.

Total loans and advances which are forborne — 30 June 31 Dec Total forborne loans and advances which are impaired — 30 June 31 Dec Impairment provisions as % of loans and advances which are forborne — 30 June 31 Dec
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016
£m £m £m £m % %
Consumer Credit Cards 1 302 212 194 119 34.7 29.0
Loans 2 53 49 50 46 42.8 44.4
UK Motor Finance Retail 2 109 117 50 62 23.2 27.0
1 Includes temporary treatments where the customer is currently benefiting from the change or the treatment has ended within the last six months. Permanent changes, such as returning a Card account in arrears to an in-order status, which commenced during the last 24 months for existing customers as at 30 June are also included. 30 June 2017 balances include MBNA (forborne loans; £110 million; impaired loans: £86 million).
2 Includes temporary treatments where the customer is currently benefiting from the change or the treatment has ended within the last six months. Permanent changes, such as refinancing, for existing customers as at 30 June are also included.

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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FUNDING AND LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT

During the first half of 2017 the Group has maintained its strong funding and liquidity position, with a loan to deposit ratio of 109 per cent. The combination of a strong balance sheet and access to a range of funding markets, including government and central bank schemes, provides the Group with a broad range of options with respect to funding the balance sheet.

The Group ran a small excess liquidity position during the first half of 2017 in anticipation of the acquisition of MBNA. Following completion of this acquisition, the excess liquidity position has reduced, although the Group continues to meet the Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) requirements, with a ratio in excess of 100 per cent.

Loans and advances to customers were £453.2 billion compared with £449.7 billion at 31 December 2016. Growth in lending balances was primarily driven by the acquisition of MBNA in addition to continued growth in lending to Consumer Finance and SME customers. Total customer deposits increased by £3.6 billion to £416.6 billion at 30 June 2017.

Wholesale funding has decreased by £8.5 billion to £102.3 billion; the amount with a residual maturity less than one year fell to £30.4 billion (£35.1 billion at 31 December 2016). The Group’s term funding ratio (wholesale funding with a remaining life of over one year as a percentage of total wholesale funding) has increased to 70 per cent (31 December 2016: 68 per cent). In the first half of 2017, the Group drew down £9 billion of funding from the Bank of England’s Term Funding Scheme (TFS), which has contributed to the lower new issuance volumes seen in the last six months. As at 30 June 2017 the total amount outstanding under the Funding for Lending Scheme (FLS) was £30.1 billion and under the TFS was £13.5 billion.

The credit ratings and outlook on Lloyds Bank were unchanged during the first half of 2017, and the median credit rating among the three major credit rating agencies remains ‘A+’.

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Group funding position

At 30 June — 2017 At 31 Dec — 2016 Change
£bn £bn %
Funding requirement
Loans and advances to customers 1 453.2 449.7 1
Loans and advances to banks 2 6.2 5.1 22
Debt securities 3.8 3.4 12
Reverse repurchase agreements 0.7 0.5 40
Available-for-sale financial assets – non-LCR eligible 3 1.0 1.9 (47)
Cash and balances at central bank – non-LCR eligible 4 3.8 4.8 (21)
Funded assets 468.7 465.4 1
Other assets 5 244.5 249.9 (2)
713.2 715.3
On balance sheet LCR eligible liquidity assets
Reverse repurchase agreements 11.5 8.7 32
Cash and balances at central banks 4 46.7 42.7 9
Available-for-sale financial assets 50.8 54.6 (7)
Trading and fair value through profit and loss (3.2) 1.8
Repurchase agreements (4.1) (5.3) (23)
101.7 102.5 (1)
Total Group assets 814.9 817.8
Less: other liabilities 5 (247.7) (245.5) 1
Funding requirement 567.2 572.3 (1)
Funded by
Customer deposits 6 416.6 413.0 1
Wholesale funding 7 102.3 110.8 (8)
518.9 523.8 (1)
Total equity 48.3 48.5
Total funding 567.2 572.3 (1)
1 Excludes reverse repos of £11.4 billion (31 December 2016: £8.3 billion).
2 Excludes £1.9 billion (31 December 2016: £20.9 billion) of loans and advances to banks within the Insurance business and £0.8 billion (31 December 2016: £0.9 billion) of reverse repurchase agreements.
3 Non-LCR eligible liquid assets comprise a diversified pool of highly rated unencumbered collateral (including retained issuance).
4 Cash and balances at central banks are combined in the Group’s balance sheet.
5 Other assets and other liabilities primarily include balances in the Group’s Insurance business and the fair value of derivative assets and liabilities.
6 Excludes repos of £1.0 billion (31 December 2016: £2.5 billion).
7 The Group’s definition of wholesale funding aligns with that used by other international market participants; including interbank deposits, debt securities in issue and subordinated liabilities.

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Reconciliation of Group funding to the balance sheet

Repos — and cash Fair value
Included in collateral and other
funding received by accounting Balance
analysis Insurance methods sheet
At 30 June 2017 £bn £bn £bn £bn
Deposits from banks 7.0 17.5 0.4 24.9
Debt securities in issue 76.7 (5.1) 71.6
Subordinated liabilities 18.6 18.6
Total wholesale funding 102.3 17.5
Customer deposits 416.6 1.0 417.6
Total 518.9 18.5
At 31 December 2016
Deposits from banks 8.1 8.0 0.3 16.4
Debt securities in issue 83.0 (6.7) 76.3
Subordinated liabilities 19.7 0.1 19.8
Total wholesale funding 110.8 8.0
Customer deposits 413.0 2.5 415.5
Total 523.8 10.5

Analysis of 2017 total wholesale funding by residual maturity

Less — than One to Three Six to Nine — months One to Two to More — than Total — at Total — at
one three to six nine to one two five five 30 June 31 Dec
month months months months year years years years 2017 2016
£bn £bn £bn £bn £bn £bn £bn £bn £bn £bn
Deposit from banks 6.2 0.7 0.1 7.0 8.1
Debt securities in issue:
Certificates of deposit 1.7 3.4 2.2 1.4 1.3 10.0 7.5
Commercial paper 1.8 1.6 0.3 3.7 3.2
Medium-term notes 1 0.3 1.0 0.2 1.4 0.6 3.8 12.4 14.5 34.2 36.9
Covered bonds 1.6 0.7 2.0 11.5 8.8 24.6 29.1
Securitisation 0.1 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.8 1.3 0.3 4.2 6.3
3.9 6.5 3.5 4.8 2.6 6.6 25.2 23.6 76.7 83.0
Subordinated liabilities 0.4 0.2 1.5 0.8 3.5 12.2 18.6 19.7
Total wholesale funding 2 10.1 7.6 3.6 5.0 4.1 7.4 28.7 35.8 102.3 110.8
Of which issued by Lloyds Banking Group plc 3 2.8 7.3 10.1 7.4
1 At 31 December 2016, medium term notes included £1.4 billion of funding from the National Loan Guarantee Scheme. This matured in May 2017.
2 The Group’s definition of wholesale funding aligns with that used by other international market participants; including interbank deposits, debt securities in issue and subordinated liabilities.
3 Consists of medium-term notes (30 June 2017: £5.4 billion, 31 December 2016: £2.5 billion) and subordinated liabilities (30 June 2017: £4.6 billion, 31 December 2016: £4.9 billion). These amounts excluded AT1 securities (30 June 2017: £5.4 billion, 31 December 2016: £5.4 billion).

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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Analysis of 2017 term issuance

Sterling US Dollar Euro Other — currencies Total
£bn £bn £bn £bn £bn
Securitisation
Medium-term notes 2.2 0.9 3.1
Covered bonds 1.0 1.0
Private placements 1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4
Subordinated liabilities
Total issuance 1.1 2.4 1.0 4.5
Of which issued by Lloyds Banking Group plc 2 2.2 0.9 3.1
1 Private placements include structured bonds and term repurchase agreements (repos).
2 Consists of medium-term notes.

Gross term issuance for the first half of 2017 totalled £4.5 billion. The Group continues to maintain a diversified approach to funding markets with trades in public and private format, secured and unsecured products and a wide range of currencies and markets. For 2017, the Group will continue to maintain this diversified approach to funding, including capital and funding from the holding company, Lloyds Banking Group plc, as needed to transition towards final UK Minimum Requirements for Own Funds and Eligible Liabilities (MREL). The maturities for the FLS and TFS are fully factored into the Group’s funding plan.

Liquidity portfolio

At 30 June 2017, the Banking business had £122.3 billion of highly liquid unencumbered LCR eligible assets, of which £121.7 billion is LCR level 1 eligible and £0.6 billion is LCR level 2 eligible. These assets are available to meet cash and collateral outflows and PRA regulatory requirements. A separate liquidity portfolio to mitigate any insurance liquidity risk is managed within the Insurance business. LCR eligible liquid assets represent over seven times the Group’s money market funding less than one year maturity (excluding derivative collateral margins and settlement accounts) and exceed total wholesale funding, and thus provides a substantial buffer in the event of continued market dislocation.

At 30 June At 31 Dec Average Average
2017 2016 Change 2017 2016
£bn £bn % £bn £bn
Level 1
Cash and central bank reserves 46.7 42.7 9 53.1 53.7
High quality government/MDB/agency bonds 1 74.1 75.3 (2) 74.7 72.4
High quality covered bonds 0.9 2.3 (61) 1.0 2.4
Total 121.7 120.3 1 128.8 128.5
Level 2 2 0.6 0.5 20 0.5 0.5
Total LCR eligible assets 122.3 120.8 1 129.3 129.0
1 Designated multilateral development bank (MDB).
2 Includes Level 2A and Level 2B.

The Banking business also had £102.1 billion of secondary, non-LCR eligible liquidity, the vast majority of which is eligible for use in a range of central bank or similar facilities and the Group routinely makes use of as part of its normal liquidity management practices. Future use of such facilities will be based on prudent liquidity management and economic considerations, having regard for external market conditions.

The Group considers diversification across geography, currency, markets and tenor when assessing appropriate holdings of liquid assets. This liquidity is managed as a single pool in the centre and is under the control of the function charged with managing the liquidity of the Group. It is available for deployment at immediate notice, subject to complying with regulatory requirements.

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Encumbered assets

The Board and GALCO monitor and manage total balance sheet encumbrance using a number of risk appetite metrics. At 30 June 2017, the Group had £79.1 billion (31 December 2016: £83.5 billion) of externally encumbered on balance sheet assets with counterparties other than central banks. The decrease in encumbered assets was primarily driven by a reduction in balances held within the Group’s issuance programmes.

The Group also had £586.5 billion (31 December 2016: £580.9 billion) of unencumbered on balance sheet assets, and £149.3 billion (31 December 2016: £153.5 billion) of pre-positioned and encumbered assets held with central banks. The Group encumbers mortgages, unsecured lending and credit card receivables through the issuance programmes and tradable securities through securities financing activity. The Group mainly positions mortgage assets at central banks. The 2016 Annual Report and Accounts includes further details on how the Group classifies assets for encumbrance purposes.

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CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

Analysis of capital position

Excluding the capital impact of the acquisition of MBNA Limited on 1 June 2017, the Group generated around 1.2 per cent of CET1 capital on an adjusted basis (pre dividend) during the first half of 2017, primarily as a result of:

· Strong underlying capital generation of 1.4 per cent, largely driven by underlying profits, offset by a reduction of (0.6) per cent for conduct charges;

· Other items, netting to 0.4 per cent, largely representing a pre MBNA reduction in risk-weighted assets through active portfolio management, disposals, capital efficient securitisation activity, yield curve movements and FX movements, partly offset by targeted growth in key customer segments.

In addition, the Group utilised the CET1 capital retained at 31 December 2016 to cover the acquisition of MBNA.

The combined effect of the capital generated during the period and the acquisition of MBNA resulted in a pre dividend increase of around 0.4 per cent in the Group’s CET1 ratio from 13.6 per cent adjusted at 31 December 2016 to 14.0 per cent on an adjusted basis. After accruing for foreseeable dividends the Group’s CET1 ratio reduced by 0.5 per cent to 13.5 per cent on an adjusted basis.

The accrual for foreseeable dividends includes the declared interim ordinary dividend of 1.0 pence per ordinary share.

The transitional total capital ratio, after accruing for foreseeable dividends, reduced by 0.4 per cent to 20.8 per cent, largely reflecting amortisation and foreign exchange movements on tier 2 instruments and the overall increase in risk-weighted assets following the acquisition of MBNA.

In the first quarter of 2017, the Bank of England communicated indicative non-binding guidance to the Group on meeting the Minimum Requirement for Own Funds and Eligible Liabilities (MREL), prior to the application of regulatory buffers, as being the higher of:

· 6 per cent leverage exposure and 20.5 per cent of risk-weighted assets by 1 January 2020

· 6 per cent leverage exposure and 25.1 per cent of risk-weighted assets by 1 January 2022

During the first half of 2017 the Group issued £3.1 billion (sterling equivalent) of senior unsecured securities from Lloyds Banking Group plc which, while not included in total capital, are eligible to meet MREL. Combined with previous issuances made during 2016 the Group remains well positioned to meet MREL requirements from 2020 and, as at 30 June 2017, had a transitional MREL ratio of 22.7 per cent.

The leverage ratio, after accruing for foreseeable dividends remained at 4.9 per cent on an adjusted basis.

An analysis of the Group’s capital position as at 30 June 2017 is presented in the following section on both a CRD IV transitional arrangements basis and a CRD IV fully loaded basis.

The table below summarises the consolidated capital position of the Group.

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Transitional — At 30 June At 31 Dec Fully loaded — At 30 June At 31 Dec
2017 2016 2017 2016
Capital resources £m £m £m £m
Common equity tier 1
Shareholders’ equity per balance sheet 42,513 42,670 42,513 42,670
Adjustment to retained earnings for foreseeable dividends (1,080) (1,568) (1,080) (1,568)
Deconsolidation adjustments 1 1,688 1,342 1,688 1,342
Adjustment for own credit 119 87 119 87
Cash flow hedging reserve (1,703) (2,136) (1,703) (2,136)
Other adjustments (269) (276) (269) (276)
41,268 40,119 41,268 40,119
less: deductions from common equity tier 1
Goodwill and other intangible assets (2,651) (1,623) (2,651) (1,623)
Prudent valuation adjustment (636) (630) (636) (630)
Excess of expected losses over impairment provisions and value adjustments (551) (602) (551) (602)
Removal of defined benefit pension surplus (320) (267) (320) (267)
Securitisation deductions (198) (217) (198) (217)
Significant investments 1 (4,279) (4,317) (4,279) (4,317)
Deferred tax assets (3,313) (3,564) (3,313) (3,564)
Common equity tier 1 capital 29,320 28,899 29,320 28,899
Additional tier 1
Other equity instruments 5,320 5,320 5,320 5,320
Preference shares and preferred securities 2 4,639 4,998
Transitional limit and other adjustments (1,884) (1,692)
8,075 8,626 5,320 5,320
less: deductions from tier 1
Significant investments 1 (1,292) (1,329)
Total tier 1 capital 36,103 36,196 34,640 34,219
Tier 2
Other subordinated liabilities 2 13,936 14,833 13,936 14,833
Deconsolidation of instruments issued by insurance entities 1 (1,721) (1,810) (1,721) (1,810)
Adjustments for transitional limit and non-eligible instruments 1,748 1,351 (1,444) (1,694)
Amortisation and other adjustments (3,472) (3,447) (3,538) (3,597)
10,491 10,927 7,233 7,732
Eligible provisions 255 186 255 186
less: deductions from tier 2
Significant investments 1 (1,646) (1,571) (2,938) (2,900)
Total capital resources 45,203 45,738 39,190 39,237
Risk-weighted assets 217,787 215,446 217,787 215,446
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio 3 13.5% 13.4% 13.5% 13.4%
Tier 1 capital ratio 16.6% 16.8% 15.9% 15.9%
Total capital ratio 20.8% 21.2% 18.0% 18.2%
1 For regulatory capital purposes the Group’s Insurance business is deconsolidated and replaced by the amount of the Group’s investment in the business. A part of this amount is deducted from capital (shown as ‘significant investments’ in the table above) and the remaining amount is risk-weighted, forming part of threshold risk-weighted assets.
2 Preference shares, preferred securities and other subordinated liabilities are categorised as subordinated liabilities in the balance sheet.
3 The common equity tier 1 ratio at 30 June 2017 is 13.5 per cent on an adjusted basis upon recognition of the dividend paid by the Insurance business in July 2017 in relation to its 2017 interim earnings. At 31 December 2016 the ratio was 13.6 per cent on an adjusted basis upon recognition of the dividend paid by the Insurance business in February 2017 in relation to its 2016 full year earnings.

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The key difference between the transitional capital calculation as at 30 June 2017 and the fully loaded equivalent is primarily related to capital securities that previously qualified as tier 1 or tier 2 capital, but that do not fully qualify under CRD IV, which can be included in additional tier 1 (AT1) or tier 2 capital (as applicable) up to specified limits which reduce by 10 per cent per annum until 2022.

The movements in the transitional CET1, AT1, tier 2 and total capital positions in the period are provided below.

Common — equity tier 1 Additional — tier 1 Tier 2 Total — capital
£m £m £m £m
At 31 December 2016 28,899 7,297 9,542 45,738
Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders 1 1,397 1,397
Movement in foreseeable dividends 2 488 488
Dividends paid out on ordinary shares during the year (1,568) (1,568)
Dividend in respect of 2016 earnings received from the Insurance business 1 500 500
Movement in treasury shares and employee share schemes 40 40
Pension movements:
Removal of defined benefit pension surplus (53) (53)
Movement through other comprehensive income (105) (105)
Available-for-sale reserve 98 98
Prudent valuation adjustment (6) (6)
Deferred tax asset 251 251
Goodwill and other intangible assets (1,028) (1,028)
Excess of expected losses over impairment provisions and value adjustments 51 51
Significant investments 38 37 (75)
Eligible provisions 69 69
Movements in subordinated debt:
Repurchases, redemptions and other (551) (436) (987)
Issuances
Other movements 318 318
At 30 June 2017 29,320 6,783 9,100 45,203
1 Under the regulatory framework, profits made by Insurance are removed from CET1 capital. However, when dividends are paid to the Group by Insurance these are recognised through CET1 capital.
2 Includes the accrual for foreseeable 2017 ordinary dividends and the reversal of the accrual for foreseeable 2016 dividends which have now been paid.

CET1 capital resources have increased by £421 million in the period, reflecting a combination of profit generation, the receipt of the dividend paid by the Insurance business in February 2017 and a reduction in the deferred tax asset deducted from capital, offset by the accrual for foreseeable dividends in respect of the first half of 2017, movements in the defined benefit pension schemes and an increase in the deduction for goodwill and other intangible assets following the acquisition of MBNA.

AT1 capital resources have reduced by £514 million in the period, primarily reflecting the annual reduction in the transitional limit applied to grandfathered AT1 capital instruments.

Tier 2 capital resources have reduced by £442 million in the period largely reflecting the amortisation of dated tier 2 instruments and foreign exchange movements on subordinated debt, partly offset by the transitioning of grandfathered AT1 instruments to tier 2.

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Risk-weighted assets At 30 June At 31 Dec
2017 2016
£m £m
Foundation Internal Ratings Based (IRB) Approach 61,115 64,907
Retail IRB Approach 65,331 64,970
Other IRB Approach 18,360 17,788
IRB Approach 144,806 147,665
Standardised (STA) Approach 24,794 18,956
Credit risk 169,600 166,621
Counterparty credit risk 7,188 8,419
Contributions to the default fund of a central counterparty 419 340
Credit valuation adjustment risk 735 864
Operational risk 26,222 25,292
Market risk 2,930 3,147
Underlying risk-weighted assets 207,094 204,683
Threshold risk-weighted assets 1 10,693 10,763
Total risk-weighted assets 217,787 215,446

Risk-weighted asset movement by key driver

Credit — risk Credit — risk Credit Counterparty — credit Market Operational
IRB STA risk 2 risk 3 risk risk Total
£m £m £m £m £m £m £m
Total risk-weighted assets at 31 December 2016 215,446
Less total threshold risk-weighted assets 1 (10,763)
Risk-weighted assets as at 31 December 2016 147,665 18,956 166,621 9,623 3,147 25,292 204,683
Asset size (1,269) (238) (1,507) (258) (1,765)
Asset quality (539) (92) (631) (661) (1,292)
Model updates 57 57 57
Methodology and policy (324) (74) (398) (398)
Acquisitions and disposals (444) 6,351 5,907 (26) 930 6,811
Movements in risk levels (market risk only) (217) (217)
Foreign exchange (340) (109) (449) (336) (785)
Risk-weighted assets at 30 June 2017 144,806 24,794 169,600 8,342 2,930 26,222 207,094
Threshold risk-weighted assets 1 10,693
Total risk-weighted assets as at 30 June 2017 217,787
1 Threshold risk-weighted assets reflect the element of significant investments and deferred tax assets that are permitted to be risk-weighted instead of being deducted from CET1 capital. Significant investments primarily arise from investments in the Group’s Insurance business.
2 Credit risk includes securitisation risk-weighted assets.
3 Counterparty credit risk includes movements in contributions to the default fund of central counterparties and movements in credit valuation adjustment risk.

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The risk-weighted assets movement table provides analysis of the movements in risk-weighted assets in the period by risk type and an insight into the key drivers of these movements. The key driver analysis is compiled on a monthly basis through the identification and categorisation of risk-weighted asset movements and is subject to management judgment.

Key movements in credit risk, risk-weighted assets

· Asset size movements. Credit risk-weighted assets decreased by £1.5 billion due to continued active portfolio management partly offset by targeted growth in key customer segments.

· Asset quality captures movements due to changes in borrower risk, including changes in the economic environment. Net reductions of £0.6 billion primarily relate to a net change in credit quality and model calibrations.

· Methodology and policy reductions of £0.4 billion relate to capital efficient securitisation activity.

· Acquisitions and disposals; the acquisition of MBNA increased credit risk-weighted assets by £6.4 billion, partly offset by the disposal of the Group’s interest in a strategic equity investment.

· Foreign exchange movements reflect the appreciation of Sterling.

Counterparty Credit Risk and CVA risk-weighted asset reductions of £1.3 billion are driven mainly by yield curve movements (included in asset quality) and foreign exchange movements.

Market risk, risk - weighted assets reduced by £0.2 billion largely due to a decrease in the exposure to long dated inflation linked gilts and a decrease in interest rate exposure.

Operational risk, risk-weighted assets increase of £0.9 billion due to the acquisition of MBNA.

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Leverage ratio Fully loaded — At 30 June At 31 Dec
2017 2016
£m £m
Total tier 1 capital for leverage ratio
Common equity tier 1 capital 29,320 28,899
Additional tier 1 capital 5,320 5,320
Total tier 1 capital 34,640 34,219
Exposure measure
Statutory balance sheet assets
Derivative financial instruments 30,024 36,138
Securities financing transactions (SFTs) 41,477 42,285
Loans and advances and other assets 743,418 739,370
Total assets 814,919 817,793
Deconsolidation adjustments 1
Derivative financial instruments (1,995) (2,403)
Securities financing transactions (SFTs) (122) 112
Loans and advances and other assets (138,780) (142,990)
Total deconsolidation adjustments (140,897) (145,281)
Derivatives adjustments
Adjustments for regulatory netting (16,198) (20,490)
Adjustments for cash collateral (8,034) (8,432)
Net written credit protection 857 699
Regulatory potential future exposure 12,853 13,188
Total derivatives adjustments (10,522) (15,035)
SFT adjustments (1,014) 39
Off-balance sheet items 59,060 58,685
Regulatory deductions and other adjustments (7,239) (9,128)
Total exposure measure 714,307 707,073
Leverage ratio 2,6 4.8% 4.8%
Modified UK leverage exposure measure 3 667,207 665,563
Average modified UK leverage exposure measure 4 661,811
Modified UK leverage ratio 3 5.2% 5.1%
Average modified UK leverage ratio 5 5.4%
1 Deconsolidation adjustments relate to the deconsolidation of certain Group entities that fall outside the scope of the Group’s regulatory capital consolidation, being primarily the Group’s Insurance business.
2 The countercyclical leverage ratio buffer is currently nil.
3 The Group’s leverage ratio on a modified basis, excluding qualifying central bank claims from the exposure measure in accordance with the rule modification applied to the UK Leverage Ratio Framework by the PRA in 2016.
4 The average modified UK leverage exposure measure is based on the average of the month end modified exposure measures over the quarter (1 April 2017 to 30 June 2017).
5 The average modified UK leverage ratio is based on the average of the month end tier 1 capital and modified exposure measures over the quarter (1 April 2017 to 30 June 2017). The average of 5.4 per cent compares to 5.4 per cent at the start and 5.2 per cent at the end of the quarter.
6 The leverage ratio at 30 June 2017 is 4.9 per cent on an adjusted basis upon recognition of the dividend paid by the Insurance business in July 2017 in relation to its 2017 interim earnings. At 31 December 2016 the ratio was 4.9 per cent on an adjusted basis upon recognition of the dividend paid by the Insurance business in February 2017 in relation to its 2016 full year earnings.

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Key movements

The leverage total exposure measure increased by £7.2 billion over the period primarily reflecting an increase in loans and advances and off-balance sheet items following the acquisition of MBNA and an increase in central bank claims, partly offset by a reduction in available-for-sale financial assets and reductions in both the derivatives and SFT exposure measures.

The derivatives exposure measure, representing derivative financial instruments per the balance sheet net of deconsolidation and derivatives adjustments, reduced by £1.2 billion over the period, primarily driven by market movements.

The £2.1 billion reduction in the SFT exposure measure over the period, representing SFT assets per the balance sheet net of deconsolidation and other SFT adjustments, reflected reduced trading volumes and an increase in eligible netting adjustments, offset by an increase in customer volumes.

Off-balance sheet items increased by £0.4 billion over the period, primarily reflecting new residential mortgage offers placed in addition to increases in both unconditionally cancellable credit card commitments, following the acquisition of MBNA, largely offset by a net reduction in securitisation financing facilities.

The average modified UK leverage ratio of 5.4 per cent over the quarter reflected both a strengthening tier 1 capital position and a small reduction in the modified exposure measure during the first two months of the quarter, prior to the acquisition of MBNA in June which, along with other movements, resulted in the reduction of the ratio at the end of the quarter.

Individual capital guidance

The Group receives Pillar 2A Individual Capital Guidance (ICG) from the PRA. The ICG reflects a point in time estimate by the PRA, which may change over time, of the minimum amount of capital that is needed in relation to risks not covered by Pillar 1. During the period the Group’s ICG has not changed and at 30 June 2017 represented 4.5 per cent of risk-weighted assets of which 2.5 per cent has to be covered by CET1 capital.

Stress testing

The Group undertakes a wide ranging programme of stress testing providing a comprehensive view of the potential impacts arising from the risks to which the Group is exposed. One of the most important uses of stress testing is to assess the resilience of the operational and strategic plans of the Group to adverse economic conditions and other key vulnerabilities. As a part of that the Group participates in the UK-wide concurrent stress test run by the Bank of England.

The last such stress test was undertaken in 2016 and the Group comfortably exceeded the capital thresholds set by the PRA and was not required to take any action as a result of this test. The Group has participated again this year, having submitted its results to the Bank of England, and is awaiting the publication of the results of the test for the industry as a whole.

Regulatory capital developments

The Basel Committee continues to finalise its reforms to the regulatory capital framework, with the overall aim of addressing excessive variability in risk-weighted assets modelled by banks without a significant increase in overall capital requirements across the industry. The Committee’s proposed revisions include changes to the standardised frameworks for credit risk and operational risk, the application of parameter floors for internal models and the introduction of an aggregate capital floor framework based upon the revised standardised approaches. The final Basel standards are expected to be published in the second half of 2017, subject to approval from the Group of Governors and Heads of Supervision. In addition the European Commission published a substantial package of draft reforms in November 2016 aimed at strengthening the resilience of banks across the EU – these reforms, which include revisions to the market risk, counterparty credit risk and leverage frameworks, are currently under negotiation and expected to be implemented by 2020 at the earliest.

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In the UK the Financial Policy Committee and Prudential Regulation Authority are currently consulting on revisions to the UK Leverage Ratio Framework, including proposals to adjust for the impact of excluding qualifying central bank claims from the leverage measure by increasing the minimum leverage ratio requirement to 3.25 per cent.

In addition the Financial Policy Committee has increased the UK countercyclical capital buffer rate from 0 per cent to 0.5 per cent with effect from 27 June 2018. The Committee expects to increase the rate to 1.0 per cent at its November meeting with effect from November 2018.

The Group continues to monitor these developments very closely, analysing the potential capital impacts to ensure that, through organic capital generation, the Group continues to maintain a strong capital position that exceeds both the minimum regulatory requirements and the Group’s risk appetite and is consistent with market expectations.

Half-year Pillar 3 disclosures

The Group will publish a condensed set of half-year Pillar 3 disclosures in August, prepared in accordance with the revised European Banking Authority (EBA) guidelines on Pillar 3 disclosure formats and frequency that were issued in December 2016.

A copy of the half-year Pillar 3 Report will be available to view at www.lloydsbankinggroup.com/investors/financial-performance/other-disclosures.

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STATUTORY INFORMATION

Page
Condensed consolidated half-year financial statements (unaudited)
Consolidated income statement 44
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income 45
Consolidated balance sheet 46
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 48
Consolidated cash flow statement 51
Notes
1 Accounting policies, presentation and estimates 52
2 Segmental analysis 53
3 Operating expenses 55
4 Impairment 56
5 Taxation 56
6 Earnings per share 57
7 Trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 57
8 Derivative financial instruments 57
9 Loans and advances to customers 58
10 Allowance for impairment losses on loans and receivables 58
11 Acquisition of MBNA 59
12 Debt securities in issue 60
13 Post-retirement defined benefit schemes 61
14 Provisions for liabilities and charges 62
15 Contingent liabilities and commitments 64
16 Fair values of financial assets and liabilities 67
17 Credit quality of loans and advances 74
18 Dividends on ordinary shares 75
19 Events since the balance sheet date 75
20 Future accounting developments 75
21 Condensed consolidating financial information 78

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED HALF-YEAR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT

Half-year to — 30 June Half-year to — 30 June Half-year to — 31 Dec
2017 2016 2016
Note £ million £ million £ million
Interest and similar income 7,861 8,479 8,141
Interest and similar expense (2,659) (3,254) (4,092)
Net interest income 5,202 5,225 4,049
Fee and commission income 1,518 1,502 1,543
Fee and commission expense (670) (682) (674)
Net fee and commission income 848 820 869
Net trading income 5,843 7,180 11,365
Insurance premium income 4,099 4,212 3,856
Other operating income 1,283 993 1,042
Other income 12,073 13,205 17,132
Total income 17,275 18,430 21,181
Insurance claims (7,976) (10,110) (12,234)
Total income, net of insurance claims 9,299 8,320 8,947
Regulatory provisions (1,240) (445) (1,929)
Other operating expenses (4,962) (5,059) (5,194)
Total operating expenses 3 (6,202) (5,504) (7,123)
Trading surplus 3,097 2,816 1,824
Impairment 4 (203) (362) (390)
Profit before tax 2,894 2,454 1,434
Taxation 5 (905) (597) (1,127)
Profit for the period 1,989 1,857 307
Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders 1,739 1,590 61
Profit attributable to other equity holders 1 209 204 208
Profit attributable to equity holders 1,948 1,794 269
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests 41 63 38
Profit for the period 1,989 1,857 307
Basic earnings per share 6 2.5p 2.3p 0.1p
Diluted earnings per share 6 2.5p 2.3p 0.1p

1 The profit after tax attributable to other equity holders of £209 million (half-year to 30 June 2016: £204 million; half-year to 31 December 2016: £208 million) is offset in reserves by a tax credit attributable to ordinary shareholders of £51 million (half-year to 30 June 2016: £41 million; half-year to 31 December 2016: £50 million).

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Half-year to Half-year to Half-year to
30 June 30 June 31 Dec
2017 2016 2016
£ million £ million £ million
Profit for the period 1,989 1,857 307
Other comprehensive income
Items that will not subsequently be reclassified to profit or loss:
Post-retirement defined benefit scheme remeasurements (note 13):
Remeasurements before taxation (124) (267) (1,081)
Taxation 32 40 280
(92) (227) (801)
Gains and losses attributable to own credit risk
Losses before taxation (44)
Taxation 12
(32)
Items that may subsequently be reclassified to profit or loss:
Movements in revaluation reserve in respect of available-for-sale financial assets:
Adjustment on transfer from held-to-maturity portfolio 1,544
Change in fair value 455 184 172
Income statement transfers in respect of disposals (315) (574) (1)
Income statement transfers in respect of impairment 6 146 27
Taxation (48) 152 (453)
98 (92) 1,289
Movements in cash flow hedging reserve:
Effective portion of changes in fair value (267) 3,040 (608)
Net income statement transfers (317) (206) (351)
Taxation 151 (752) 286
(433) 2,082 (673)
Currency translation differences (tax: nil) (7) (20) 16
Other comprehensive income for the period, net of tax (466) 1,743 (169)
Total comprehensive income for the period 1,523 3,600 138
Total comprehensive income attributable to ordinary shareholders 1,273 3,333 (108)
Total comprehensive income attributable to other equity holders 209 204 208
Total comprehensive income attributable to equity holders 1,482 3,537 100
Total comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests 41 63 38
Total comprehensive income for the period 1,523 3,600 138

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CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

At 30 June — 2017 At 31 Dec — 2016
Note £ million £ million
Assets
Cash and balances at central banks 50,491 47,452
Items in course of collection from banks 855 706
Trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 7 161,970 151,174
Derivative financial instruments 8 30,024 36,138
Loans and receivables:
Loans and advances to banks 8,865 26,902
Loans and advances to customers 9 464,604 457,958
Debt securities 3,841 3,397
477,310 488,257
Available-for-sale financial assets 51,803 56,524
Goodwill 2,299 2,016
Value of in-force business 5,153 5,042
Other intangible assets 2,536 1,681
Property, plant and equipment 12,990 12,972
Current tax recoverable 16 28
Deferred tax assets 2,422 2,706
Retirement benefit assets 13 410 342
Other assets 16,640 12,755
Total assets 814,919 817,793

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CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (continued)

At 30 June — 2017 At 31 Dec — 2016
Equity and liabilities Note £ million £ million
Liabilities
Deposits from banks 24,879 16,384
Customer deposits 417,617 415,460
Items in course of transmission to banks 944 548
Trading and other financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss 55,671 54,504
Derivative financial instruments 8 29,190 34,924
Notes in circulation 1,317 1,402
Debt securities in issue 12 71,557 76,314
Liabilities arising from insurance contracts and participating investment contracts 101,318 94,390
Liabilities arising from non-participating investment contracts 15,652 20,112
Other liabilities 22,226 29,193
Retirement benefit obligations 13 905 822
Current tax liabilities 416 226
Other provisions 6,306 5,218
Subordinated liabilities 18,575 19,831
Total liabilities 766,573 769,328
Equity
Share capital 7,191 7,146
Share premium account 17,624 17,622
Other reserves 14,310 14,652
Retained profits 3,388 3,250
Shareholders’ equity 42,513 42,670
Other equity instruments 5,355 5,355
Total equity excluding non-controlling interests 47,868 48,025
Non-controlling interests 478 440
Total equity 48,346 48,465
Total equity and liabilities 814,919 817,793

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

Attributable to equity shareholders
Share
capital Other Non-
and Other Retained equity controlling
premium reserves profits Total instruments interests Total
£ million £ million £ million £ million £ million £ million £ million
Balance at 1 January 2017 24,768 14,652 3,250 42,670 5,355 440 48,465
Comprehensive income
Profit for the period 1,948 1,948 41 1,989
Other comprehensive income
Post-retirement defined benefit scheme remeasurements, net of tax (92) (92) (92)
Movements in revaluation reserve in respect of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax 98 98 98
Gains and losses attributable to own credit risk, net of tax (32) (32) (32)
Movements in cash flow hedging reserve, net of tax (433) (433) (433)
Currency translation differences (tax: nil) (7) (7) (7)
Total other comprehensive income (342) (124) (466) (466)
Total comprehensive income (342) 1,824 1,482 41 1,523
Transactions with owners
Dividends (1,568) (1,568) (1,568)
Distributions on other equity instruments, net of tax (158) (158) (158)
Issue of ordinary shares 1 47 47 47
Movement in treasury shares (154) (154) (154)
Value of employee services:
Share option schemes 45 45 45
Other employee award schemes 149 149 149
Changes in non-controlling interests (3) (3)
Total transactions with owners 47 (1,686) (1,639) (3) (1,642)
Balance at 30 June 2017 24,815 14,310 3,388 42,513 5,355 478 48,346

1 During the half-year to 30 June 2017, 452 million shares were issued in respect of employee share schemes.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (continued)

Attributable to equity shareholders
Share
capital Other Non-
and Other Retained equity controlling
premium reserves profits Total instruments interests Total
£ million £ million £ million £ million £ million £ million £ million
Balance at 1 January 2016 24,558 12,260 4,416 41,234 5,355 391 46,980
Comprehensive income
Profit for the period 1,794 1,794 63 1,857
Other comprehensive income
Post-retirement defined benefit scheme remeasurements, net of tax (227) (227) (227)
Movements in revaluation reserve in respect of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax (92) (92) (92)
Movements in cash flow hedging reserve, net of tax 2,082 2,082 2,082
Currency translation differences (tax: nil) (20) (20) (20)
Total other comprehensive income 1,970 (227) 1,743 1,743
Total comprehensive income 1,970 1,567 3,537 63 3,600
Transactions with owners
Dividends (1,427) (1,427) (2) (1,429)
Distributions on other equity instruments, net of tax (163) (163) (163)
Movement in treasury shares (147) (147) (147)
Value of employee services:
Share option schemes 35 35 35
Other employee award schemes 82 82 82
Changes in non-controlling interests (20) (20)
Total transactions with owners (1,620) (1,620) (22) (1,642)
Balance at 30 June 2016 24,558 14,230 4,363 43,151 5,355 432 48,938

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (continued)

Attributable to equity shareholders
Share
capital Other Non-
and Other Retained equity controlling
premium reserves profits Total instruments interests Total
£ million £ million £ million £ million £ million £ million £ million
Balance at 1 July 2016 24,558 14,230 4,363 43,151 5,355 432 48,938
Comprehensive income
Profit for the period 269 269 38 307
Other comprehensive income
Post-retirement defined benefit scheme remeasurements, net of tax (801) (801) (801)
Movements in revaluation reserve in respect of available-for-sale financial assets, net of tax 1,289 1,289 1,289
Movements in cash flow hedging reserve, net of tax (673) (673) (673)
Currency translation differences (tax: nil) 16 16 16
Total other comprehensive income 632 (801) (169) (169)
Total comprehensive income 632 (532) 100 38 138
Transactions with owners
Dividends (587) (587) (27) (614)
Distributions on other equity instruments, net of tax (158) (158) (158)
Redemption of preference shares 210 (210)
Movement in treasury shares (28) (28) (28)
Value of employee services:
Share option schemes 106 106 106
Other employee award schemes 86 86 86
Changes in non-controlling interests (3) (3)
Total transactions with owners 210 (210) (581) (581) (30) (611)
Balance at 31 December 2016 24,768 14,652 3,250 42,670 5,355 440 48,465

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CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT

Half-year to Half-year to Half-year to
30 June 30 June 31 Dec
2017 2016 2016
£ million £ million £ million
Profit before tax 2,894 2,454 1,434
Adjustments for:
Change in operating assets (14,961) (18,311) 6,093
Change in operating liabilities (769) 31,794 (34,453)
Non-cash and other items 8,520 6,929 6,956
Tax paid (367) (262) (560)
Net cash provided by operating activities (4,683) 22,604 (20,530)
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of financial assets (1,847) (3,441) (1,489)
Proceeds from sale and maturity of financial assets 5,276 2,729 3,606
Purchase of fixed assets (1,960) (1,820) (1,940)
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets 763 909 775
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired (1,909) (6) (14)
Disposal of businesses, net of cash disposed 26 5
Net cash used in investing activities 349 (1,624) 938
Cash flows from financing activities
Dividends paid to ordinary shareholders (1,568) (1,427) (587)
Distributions on other equity instruments (209) (204) (208)
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests (2) (27)
Interest paid on subordinated liabilities (780) (946) (741)
Proceeds from issue of subordinated liabilities 1,061
Repayment of subordinated liabilities (636) (4,678) (3,207)
Changes in non-controlling interests (3) (5) (3)
Net cash used in financing activities (3,196) (6,201) (4,773)
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 15 6
Change in cash and cash equivalents (7,530) 14,794 (24,359)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 62,388 71,953 86,747
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 54,858 86,747 62,388

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash and balances at central banks (excluding mandatory deposits) and amounts due from banks with a maturity of less than three months. Included within cash and cash equivalents at 30 June 2017 is £2,579 million (30 June 2016: £12,613 million; 31 December 2016: £14,475 million) held within the Group’s life funds, which is not immediately available for use in the business.

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

  1. Accounting policies, presentation and estimates

These condensed consolidated half-year financial statements as at and for the period to 30 June 2017 have been prepared in accordance with the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules of the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and with International Accounting Standard 34 (IAS 34), Interim Financial Reporting as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board and comprise the results of Lloyds Banking Group plc (the Company) together with its subsidiaries (the Group). They do not include all of the information required for full annual financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Group’s consolidated financial statements as at and for the year ended 31 December 2016 which were prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. The 2016 Form 20-F is available on the Group’s website.

The UK Finance Code for Financial Reporting Disclosure (the Disclosure Code) sets out disclosure principles together with supporting guidance in respect of the financial statements of UK banks. The Group has adopted the Disclosure Code and these condensed consolidated half-year financial statements have been prepared in compliance with the Disclosure Code’s principles. Terminology used in these condensed consolidated half-year financial statements is consistent with that used in the Group’s 2016 Annual Report and Accounts where a glossary of terms can be found.

The directors consider that it is appropriate to continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the condensed consolidated half-year financial statements. In reaching this assessment, the directors have considered projections for the Group’s capital and funding position and have had regard to the factors set out in Risk management: principal risks and uncertainties on page 19.

Except as noted below, the accounting policies are consistent with those applied by the Group in its 2016 Annual Report and Accounts.

With effect from 1 January 2017 the Group has elected to early adopt the provision in IFRS 9 for gains and losses attributable to changes in own credit risk on financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss to be presented in other comprehensive income. The impact has been to increase profit after tax and reduce other comprehensive income by £32 million in the six months to 30 June 2017; there is no impact on total liabilities or shareholders’ equity. Comparatives have not been restated.

The Group has had no material or unusual related party transactions during the six months to 30 June 2017. Related party transactions for the six months to 30 June 2017 are similar in nature to those for the year ended 31 December 2016. Full details of the Group’s related party transactions for the year to 31 December 2016 can be found in the Group’s 2016 Annual Report and Accounts.

Future accounting developments

Details of those IFRS pronouncements which will be relevant to the Group but which will not be effective at 31 December 2017 and which have not been applied in preparing these financial statements are set out in note 20.

Critical accounting estimates and judgements

The preparation of the Group’s financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that impact the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Due to the inherent uncertainty in making estimates, actual results reported in future periods may include amounts which differ from those estimates. Estimates, judgements and assumptions are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. There have been no significant changes in the basis upon which estimates have been determined, compared to that applied at 31 December 2016.

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  1. Segmental analysis

Lloyds Banking Group provides a wide range of banking and financial services in the UK and in certain locations overseas. The Group Executive Committee (GEC) remains the chief operating decision maker for the Group.

The segmental results and comparatives are presented on an underlying basis, the basis reviewed by the chief operating decision maker. The effects of the redemption of the Group’s Enhanced Capital Notes, asset sales, volatile items, the insurance grossing adjustment, liability management, restructuring costs, conduct provisions, the amortisation of purchased intangible assets and the unwind of acquisition-related fair value adjustments are excluded in arriving at underlying profit.

The Group’s activities are organised into four financial reporting segments: Retail; Commercial Banking; Consumer Finance and Insurance. There has been no change to the descriptions of these segments as provided in note 4 to the Group’s financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2016.

There has been no change to the Group’s segmental accounting for internal segment services or derivatives entered into by units for risk management purposes since 31 December 2016.

Other Total
income, income,
Net net of net of Profit Inter-
interest insurance insurance (loss) External segment
Half-year to 30 June 2017 income claims claims before tax revenue revenue
£m £m £m £m £m £m
Underlying basis
Retail 3,337 477 3,814 1,598 4,177 (363)
Commercial Banking 1,425 1,100 2,525 1,437 1,703 822
Consumer Finance 1,041 755 1,796 759 2,082 (286)
Insurance (50) 872 822 408 1,036 (214)
Other 172 144 316 290 275 41
Group 5,925 3,348 9,273 4,492 9,273
Reconciling items:
Insurance grossing adjustment (608) 660 52
Market volatility and asset sales 1 20 96 116 136
Amortisation of purchased intangibles (38)
Restructuring costs 2 (321)
Fair value unwind and other items (135) (7) (142) (135)
Payment protection insurance provision (700)
Other conduct provisions (540)
Group − statutory 5,202 4,097 9,299 2,894
1 Comprises (i) gains on disposals of assets which are not part of normal business operations (£6 million); (ii) the net effect of banking volatility and net derivative valuation adjustments (losses of £20 million); (iii) volatility relating to the insurance business (gains of £165 million); and (iv) the results of liability management exercises (losses of £15 million).
2 Comprises severance related costs relating to the Simplification programme, the costs of implementing regulatory reform and ring-fencing, the rationalisation of the non-branch property portfolio and the integration of MBNA.

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  1. Segmental analysis (continued)
Other Total
income, income,
Net net of net of Profit Inter-
interest insurance insurance (loss) External segment
Half-year to 30 June 2016 income claims claims before tax revenue revenue
£m £m £m £m £m £m
Underlying basis
Retail 3,296 558 3,854 1,548 4,333 (479)
Commercial Banking 1,306 982 2,288 1,236 2,137 151
Consumer Finance 994 658 1,652 690 1,942 (290)
Insurance (80) 921 841 446 300 541
Other 266 (26) 240 241 163 77
Group 5,782 3,093 8,875 4,161 8,875
Reconciling items:
Insurance grossing adjustment (423) 519 96
Enhanced Capital Notes 1 (790) (790) (790)
Market volatility and asset sales 2 20 252 272 128
Amortisation of purchased intangibles (168)
Restructuring costs 3 (307)
Fair value unwind (154) 36 (118) (110)
Other conduct provisions (15) (15) (460)
Group − statutory 5,225 3,095 8,320 2,454
The los
1 The loss relating to the ECNs was £790 million, representing the write-off of the embedded derivative and the premium paid on redemption of the remaining notes.
2 Comprises (i) gains on disposals of assets which are not part of normal business operations (£335 million); (ii) the net effect of banking volatility and net derivative valuation adjustments (gains of £19 million); (iii) volatility relating to the insurance business (losses of £372 million); and (iv) the results of liability management exercises (gains of £146 million).
3 Principally comprises the severance costs related to phase II of the Simplification programme.
Other Total
income, income,
Net net of net of Profit Inter-
interest insurance insurance (loss) External segment
Half-year to 31 December 2016 income claims claims before tax revenue revenue
£m £m £m £m £m £m
Underlying basis
Retail 3,201 495 3,696 1,455 4,127 (431)
Commercial Banking 1,429 1,005 2,434 1,232 1,531 903
Consumer Finance 947 680 1,627 593 1,943 (316)
Insurance (66) 834 768 391 1,011 (243)
Other 142 (42) 100 35 13 87
Group 5,653 2,972 8,625 3,706 8,625
Reconciling items:
Insurance grossing adjustment (1,475) 1,591 116
Market volatility and asset sales 1 13 379 392 311
Amortisation of purchased intangibles (172)
Restructuring costs (315)
Fair value unwind and other items (142) 2 (140) (121)
Payment protection insurance provision (1,350)
Other conduct provisions (46) (46) (625)
Group − statutory 4,049 4,898 8,947 1,434

1 Comprises (i) losses on disposals of assets which are not part of normal business operations (£118 million); (ii) the net effect of banking volatility and net derivative valuation adjustments (gains of £171 million); (iii) volatility relating to the insurance business (gains of £281 million); and (iv) the results of liability management exercises (losses of £23 million).

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  1. Segmental analysis (continued)
Segment external — assets Segment customer — deposits Segment external — liabilities
At 30 June At 31 Dec At 30 June At 31 Dec At 30 June At 31 Dec
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016
£m £m £m £m £m £m
Retail 297,958 300,085 269,405 271,005 272,870 275,006
Commercial Banking 181,962 188,296 138,764 132,628 226,383 221,395
Consumer Finance 52,540 40,992 7,134 7,920 11,028 12,494
Insurance 149,287 153,936 142,529 146,836
Other 133,172 134,484 2,314 3,907 113,763 113,597
Total Group 814,919 817,793 417,617 415,460 766,573 796,328
  1. Operating expenses
Half-year to Half-year to Half-year to
30 June 30 June 31 Dec
2017 2016 2016
£ million £ million £ million
Administrative expenses
Staff costs:
Salaries and social security costs 1,769 1,782 1,806
Pensions and other post-retirement benefit schemes (note 13) 302 268 287
Restructuring and other staff costs 291 412 262
2,362 2,462 2,355
Premises and equipment 399 353 319
Other expenses:
Communications and data processing 415 403 445
UK bank levy 200
Other 655 675 661
1,070 1,078 1,306
3,831 3,893 3,980
Depreciation and amortisation 1,131 1,166 1,214
Total operating expenses, excluding regulatory provisions 4,962 5,059 5,194
Regulatory provisions:
Payment protection insurance provision (note 14) 700 1,350
Other regulatory provisions 1 (note 14) 540 445 579
1,240 445 1,929
Total operating expenses 6,202 5,504 7,123

1 In addition, regulatory provisions of £15 million in the half-year to 30 June 2016 and £46 million in the half-year to 31 December 2016 were charged against income.

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  1. Impairment
Half-year to Half-year to Half-year to
30 June 30 June 31 Dec
2017 2016 2016
£m £m £m
Impairment losses on loans and receivables:
Loans and advances to customers 200 229 363
Debt securities classified as loans and receivables (4)
Impairment losses on loans and receivables (note 10) 196 229 363
Impairment of available-for-sale financial assets 6 146 27
Other credit risk provisions 1 (13)
Total impairment charged to the income statement 203 362 390
  1. Taxation

In accordance with IAS 34, the Group’s income tax expense for the half-year to 30 June 2017 is based on the best estimate of the weighted-average annual income tax rate expected for the full financial year. The tax effects of one-off items are not included in the weighted-average annual income tax rate, but are recognised in the relevant period.

An explanation of the relationship between tax expense and accounting profit is set out below:

Half-year to Half-year to Half-year to
30 June 30 June 31 Dec
2017 2016 2016
£m £m £m
Profit before tax 2,894 2,454 1,434
Tax thereon at UK corporation tax rate of 19.25 per cent (2016: 20 per cent) (557) (491) (287)
Impact of bank surcharge (231) (59) (207)
Impact of changes in UK corporation tax rates (35) (3) (198)
Disallowed items 1 (207) (122) (342)
Non-taxable items 55 47 28
Overseas tax rate differences 1 (6) 16
Gains exempted 69 8 11
Policyholder tax 2 (37) (34) (207)
Tax losses not previously recognised 9 49 10
Adjustments in respect of previous years 26 10 54
Effect of results of joint ventures and associates 1 (1)
Other items 1 4 (4)
Tax expense (905) (597) (1,127)
1 The Finance (No.2) Act 2015 introduced restrictions on the tax deductibility of provisions for conduct charges arising on or after 8 July 2015. This has resulted in tax of £170 million (half-year to 30 June 2016: £81 million; half-year to 31 December 2016: £208 million).
2 In the half-year to 31 December 2016 this included a £231 million write down of the deferred tax asset held within the life business, reflecting the Group’s utilisation estimate which has been restricted by the current economic environment.

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  1. Earnings per share
Half-year to Half-year to Half-year to
30 June 30 June 31 Dec
2017 2016 2016
£m £m £m
Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders – basic and diluted 1,739 1,590 61
Tax credit on distributions to other equity holders 51 41 50
1,790 1,631 111
Half-year to Half-year to Half-year to
30 June 30 June 31 Dec
2017 2016 2016
million million million
Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue – basic 71,426 71,175 71,292
Adjustment for share options and awards 704 882 699
Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue – diluted 72,130 72,057 71,991
Basic earnings per share 2.5p 2.3p 0.1p
Diluted earnings per share 2.5p 2.3p 0.1p
  1. Trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
At At
30 June 31 Dec
2017 2016
£m £m
Trading assets 43,016 45,253
Other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss:
Treasury and other bills 19 20
Debt securities 37,065 38,210
Equity shares 81,870 67,691
118,954 105,921
Total trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 161,970 151,174

Included in the above is £115,178 million (31 December 2016: £101,888 million) of assets relating to the insurance businesses.

  1. Derivative financial instruments
30 June 2017 — Fair value Fair value 31 December 2016 — Fair value Fair value
of assets of liabilities of assets of liabilities
£m £m £m £m
Hedging
Derivatives designated as fair value hedges 1,278 692 1,481 759
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges 925 1,136 1,231 1,205
2,203 1,828 2,712 1,964
Trading
Exchange rate contracts 6,864 6,795 8,860 8,781
Interest rate contracts 19,723 19,217 23,050 22,352
Credit derivatives 378 367 381 659
Equity and other contracts 856 983 1,135 1,168
27,821 27,362 33,426 32,960
Total recognised derivative assets/liabilities 30,024 29,190 36,138 34,924

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  1. Loans and advances to customers
At 30 June At 31 Dec
2017 2016
£m £m
Agriculture, forestry and fishing 7,509 7,269
Energy and water supply 1,543 2,320
Manufacturing 7,529 7,285
Construction 4,405 4,535
Transport, distribution and hotels 12,262 13,320
Postal and communications 2,537 2,564
Property companies 31,756 32,192
Financial, business and other services 49,786 49,197
Personal:
Mortgages 305,352 306,682
Other 28,969 20,761
Lease financing 2,403 2,628
Hire purchase 12,778 11,617
466,829 460,370
Allowance for impairment losses on loans and advances to customers (note 10) (2,225) (2,412)
Total loans and advances to customers 464,604 457,958

Loans and advances to customers include advances securitised under the Group's securitisation and covered bond programmes (see note 12).

  1. Allowance for impairment losses on loans and receivables
Half-year to Half-year to Half-year to
30 June 30 June 31 Dec
2017 2016 2016
£m £m £m
Opening balance 2,488 3,130 2,831
Exchange and other adjustments 91 19 50
Advances written off (818) (1,037) (1,096)
Recoveries of advances written off in previous years 333 509 353
Unwinding of discount (13) (19) (13)
Charge to the income statement (note 4) 196 229 363
Balance at end of period 2,277 2,831 2,488
In respect of:
Loans and advances to customers (note 9) 2,225 2,733 2,412
Debt securities 52 98 76
Balance at end of period 2,277 2,831 2,488

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  1. Acquisition of MBNA

On 1 June 2017, following the receipt of competition and regulatory approval, the Group acquired 100 per cent of the ordinary share capital of MBNA Limited (MBNA), which together with its subsidiaries undertakes a UK consumer credit card business, from FIA Jersey Holdings Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Bank of America. The total fair value of the purchase consideration was £2,016 million, settled in cash.

The table below sets out the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired. The initial accounting for the acquisition has been determined provisionally because of its complexity and the limited time available between the acquisition date and the preparation of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

Book value Provisional Fair value
as at 1 June fair value as at 1 June
2017 adjustments 2017
£m £m £m
Assets
Loans and advances to customers 7,466 345 7,811
Available-for-sale financial assets 16 16
Other intangible assets 702 702
Other assets 217 345 562
Total assets 7,699 1,392 9,091
Liabilities
Deposits from banks 1 6,431 6,431
Other liabilities 115 184 299
Other provisions 233 395 628
Total liabilities 6,779 579 7,358
Provisional fair value of net assets acquired 920 813 1,733
Goodwill arising on acquisition 283
Total consideration 2,016
1 Upon acquisition, the funding of MBNA was assumed by Lloyds Bank plc.

The post-acquisition profit before tax of MBNA covering the period from 1 June 2017 to 30 June 2017, which is included in the Group statutory consolidated income statement for the half-year to 30 June 2017, is £18 million.

Had the acquisition date of MBNA been 1 January 2017, the Group’s consolidated total income would have been £329 million higher at £17,604 million and the Group’s consolidated profit before tax would have been £112 million higher at £3,006 million.

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  1. Debt securities in issue
30 June 2017 31 December 2016
At fair value At fair value
through At through At
profit or amortised profit or amortised
loss cost Total loss cost Total
£m £m £m £m £m £m
Medium-term notes issued 8,223 25,741 33,964 9,423 27,182 36,605
Covered bonds 25,937 25,937 30,521 30,521
Certificates of deposit 10,994 10,994 8,077 8,077
Securitisation notes 5,105 5,105 7,253 7,253
Commercial paper 3,780 3,780 3,281 3,281
8,223 71,557 79,780 9,423 76,314 85,737

The notes issued by the Group’s securitisation and covered bond programmes are held by external parties and by subsidiaries of the Group.

Securitisation programmes

At 30 June 2017, external parties held £5,105 million (31 December 2016: £7,253 million) and the Group’s subsidiaries held £25,244 million (31 December 2016: £26,435 million) of total securitisation notes in issue of £30,349 million (31 December 2016: £33,688 million). The notes are secured on loans and advances to customers and debt securities classified as loans and receivables amounting to £49,284 million (31 December 2016: £52,184 million), the majority of which have been sold by subsidiary companies to bankruptcy remote structured entities. The structured entities are consolidated fully and all of these loans are retained on the Group's balance sheet.

Covered bond programmes

At 30 June 2017, external parties held £25,937 million (31 December 2016: £30,521 million) and the Group’s subsidiaries held £700 million (31 December 2016: £700 million) of total covered bonds in issue of £26,637 million (31 December 2016: £31,221 million). The bonds are secured on certain loans and advances to customers amounting to £33,170 million (31 December 2016: £35,968 million) that have been assigned to bankruptcy remote limited liability partnerships. These loans are retained on the Group's balance sheet.

Cash deposits of £5,065 million (31 December 2016: £9,018 million) which support the debt securities issued by the structured entities, the term advances related to covered bonds and other legal obligations are held by the Group.

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  1. Post-retirement defined benefit schemes

The Group’s post-retirement defined benefit scheme obligations are comprised as follows:

At At
30 June 31 Dec
2017 2016
£m £m
Defined benefit pension schemes:
- Fair value of scheme assets 44,721 45,578
- Present value of funded obligations (44,980) (45,822)
Net pension scheme liability (259) (244)
Other post-retirement schemes (236) (236)
Net retirement benefit liability (495) (480)
Recognised on the balance sheet as:
Retirement benefit assets 410 342
Retirement benefit obligations (905) (822)
Net retirement benefit liability (495) (480)

The movement in the Group’s net post-retirement defined benefit scheme liability during the period was as follows:

£m
Liability at 1 January 2017 (480)
Income statement charge (181)
Employer contributions 290
Remeasurement (124)
Liability at 30 June 2017 (495)

The charge to the income statement in respect of pensions and other post-retirement benefit schemes is comprised as follows:

Half-year to Half-year to Half-year to
30 June 30 June 31 Dec
2017 2016 2016
£m £m £m
Defined benefit pension schemes 181 136 151
Defined contribution schemes 121 132 136
Total charge to the income statement (note 3) 302 268 287

The principal assumptions used in the valuations of the defined benefit pension schemes were as follows:

At At
30 June 31 Dec
2017 2016
% %
Discount rate 2.71 2.76
Rate of inflation:
Retail Prices Index 3.18 3.23
Consumer Price Index 2.13 2.18
Rate of salary increases 0.00 0.00
Weighted-average rate of increase for pensions in payment 2.71 2.74

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  1. Provisions for liabilities and charges

Payment protection insurance (excluding MBNA)

The Group increased the provision for PPI costs by a further £700 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017, bringing the total amount provided to £18,075 million.

The charge in the half-year to 30 June 2017 is largely driven by a potentially higher total volume of complaints and associated operating costs due to higher reactive complaint volumes received over the past three quarters, which have averaged approximately 9,000 per week.

At 30 June 2017 a provision of £2,647 million remained unutilised relating to complaints and associated administration costs. The provision is consistent with total expected complaint volumes of 5.3 million (including complaints falling under the Plevin rules and guidance) with approximately 1.2 million still expected to be received including approximately 9,000 reactive complaints per week through to August 2019. Total cash payments were £661 million during the half-year to 30 June 2017.

Sensitivities

The Group estimates that it has sold approximately 16 million PPI policies since 2000. These include policies that were not mis-sold and those that have been successfully claimed upon. Since the commencement of the PPI redress programme in 2011 the Group estimates that it has contacted, settled or provided for approximately 52 per cent of the policies sold since 2000.

The total amount provided for PPI represents the Group’s best estimate of the likely future cost. However a number of risks and uncertainties remain in particular with respect to future volumes. The cost could differ from the Group’s estimates and the assumptions underpinning them, and could result in a further provision being required. There is significant uncertainty around the impact of the regulatory changes, FCA media campaign and Claims Management Companies and customer activity.

Key metrics and sensitivities are highlighted in the table below:

Sensitivities (exclude claims where no PPI policy was held) Actuals to date Anticipated future 2 Sensitivity 2,3
Customer initiated complaints since origination (m) 1 4.1 1.2 0.1 = £215m
Administrative expenses (£m) 3,350 525 1 case = £450
1 Sensitivity includes complaint handling costs.
2 Anticipated future and sensitivities are impacted by a proportion of complaints and re-complaints falling under the Plevin rules and guidance in light of the FCA Policy Statement PS 17/3.
3 Average redress and uphold rates remain stable.

Payment protection insurance (MBNA)

With regard to MBNA, as announced in December 2016, the Group’s exposure is capped at £240 million through an indemnity received from Bank of America.

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  1. Provisions for liabilities and charges (continued)

Other provisions for legal actions and regulatory matters

Packaged bank accounts

In the half-year to 30 June 2017 the Group has provided an additional £95 million in respect of complaints relating to alleged mis-selling of packaged bank accounts raising the total amount provided to £600 million. As at 30 June 2017, £182 million of the provision remained unutilised . The total amount provided represents the Group’s best estimate of the likely future cost, however a number of risks and uncertainties remain in particular with respect to future volumes.

Arrears handling related activities

The Group has provided an additional £155 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 (bringing the total provision to £552 million), for the costs of identifying and rectifying certain arrears management fees and activities. Following a review of the Group’s arrears handling activities, the Group has put in place a number of actions to improve further its handling of customers in these areas and the Group is reimbursing mortgage arrears fees to around 590,000 customers. As at 30 June 2017, the unutilised provision was £518 million.

Customer claims in relation to insurance branch business in Germany

The Group continues to receive claims in Germany from customers relating to policies issued by Clerical Medical Investment Group Limited (subsequently renamed Scottish Widows Limited). The German industry-wide issue regarding notification of contractual ‘cooling off’ periods continued to lead to an increasing number of claims in 2016. Up to 31 December 2016 the Group had provided a total of £639 million, no further amounts have been provided in the half-year to 30 June 2017. The remaining unutilised provision as at 30 June 2017 was £156 million (31 December 2016: £168 million). The validity of the claims facing the Group depends upon the facts and circumstances in respect of each claim. As a result the ultimate financial effect, which could be significantly different from the current provision, will be known only once all relevant claims have been resolved.

HBOS Reading – customer review

The Group has commenced a review into a number of customer cases from the former HBOS Impaired Assets Office based in Reading. This review follows the conclusion of a criminal trial in which a number of individuals, including two former HBOS employees, were convicted of conspiracy to corrupt, fraudulent trading and associated money laundering offences which occurred prior to the acquisition of HBOS by the Group in 2009. The review is ongoing, the Group has provided £100 million in the half-year to 30 June 2017 and is in the process of paying compensation to the victims of the fraud for economic losses, ex-gratia payments and awards for distress and inconvenience.

Other legal actions and regulatory matters

In the course of its business, the Group is engaged in discussions with the PRA, FCA and other UK and overseas regulators and other governmental authorities on a range of matters. The Group also receives complaints and claims from customers in connection with its past conduct and, where significant, provisions are held against the costs expected to be incurred as a result of the conclusions reached. In the half-year to 30 June 2017, the Group charged an additional £190 million in respect of matters across all divisions. At 30 June 2017, the Group held unutilised provisions totalling £589 million for these other legal actions and regulatory matters.

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  1. Contingent liabilities and commitments

Interchange fees

With respect to multi-lateral interchange fees (MIFs), the Group is not directly involved in the ongoing investigations and litigation (as described below) which involve card schemes such as Visa and MasterCard. However, the Group is a member of Visa and MasterCard and other card schemes.

· The European Commission continues to pursue certain competition investigations into MasterCard and Visa probing, amongst other things, MIFs paid in respect of cards issued outside the EEA;

· Litigation continues in the English Courts against both Visa and MasterCard. This litigation has been brought by several retailers who are seeking damages for allegedly ‘overpaid’ MIFs. From publicly available information, it is understood these damages claims are running to different timescales with respect to the litigation process. It is also possible that new claims may be issued.

· Any ultimate impact on the Group of the above investigations and the litigation against Visa and MasterCard remains uncertain at this time.

Visa Inc completed its acquisition of Visa Europe on 21 June 2016. The Group’s share of the sale proceeds comprised cash consideration of approximately £330 million (of which approximately £300 million was received on completion of the sale and £30 million is deferred for three years) and preferred stock, which the Group measures at fair value. The preferred stock is convertible into Class A Common Stock of Visa Inc or its equivalent upon the occurrence of certain events. As part of this transaction, the Group and certain other UK banks also entered into a Loss Sharing Agreement (LSA) with Visa Inc, which clarifies the allocation of liabilities between the parties should the litigation referred to above result in Visa Inc being liable for damages payable by Visa Europe. The maximum amount of liability to which the Group may be subject under the LSA is capped at the cash consideration which was received by the Group at completion. Visa Inc may also have recourse to a general indemnity, previously in place under Visa Europe’s Operating Regulations, for damages claims concerning inter or intra-regional MIF setting activities.

LIBOR and other trading rates

In July 2014, the Group announced that it had reached settlements totalling £217 million (at 30 June 2014 exchange rates) to resolve with UK and US federal authorities legacy issues regarding the manipulation several years ago of Group companies’ submissions to the British Bankers’ Association (BBA) London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) and Sterling Repo Rate. The Group continues to cooperate with various other government and regulatory authorities, including the Serious Fraud Office, the Swiss Competition Commission, and a number of US State Attorneys General, in conjunction with their investigations into submissions made by panel members to the bodies that set LIBOR and various other interbank offered rates.

Certain Group companies, together with other panel banks, have also been named as defendants in private lawsuits, including purported class action suits, in the US in connection with their roles as panel banks contributing to the setting of US Dollar, Japanese Yen and Sterling LIBOR and the Australian BBSW Reference Rate. The lawsuits, which contain broadly similar allegations, allege violations of the Sherman Antitrust Act, the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act and the Commodity Exchange Act, as well as various state statutes and common law doctrines. Certain of the plaintiffs’ claims, including those in connection with USD and JPY LIBOR, have been dismissed by the US Federal Court for Southern District of New York. Appeals remain possible.

Certain Group companies are also named as defendants in UK based claims raising LIBOR manipulation allegations.

It is currently not possible to predict the scope and ultimate outcome on the Group of the various outstanding regulatory investigations not encompassed by the settlements, any private lawsuits or any related challenges to the interpretation or validity of any of the Group’s contractual arrangements, including their timing and scale.

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  1. Contingent liabilities and commitments (continued)

UK shareholder litigation

In August 2014, the Group and a number of former directors were named as defendants in a claim filed in the English High Court by a number of claimants who held shares in Lloyds TSB Group plc (LTSB) prior to the acquisition of HBOS plc, alleging breaches of duties in relation to information provided to shareholders in connection with the acquisition and the recapitalisation of LTSB. It is currently not possible to determine the ultimate impact on the Group (if any), but the Group intends to defend the claim vigorously.

Financial Services Compensation Scheme

Following the default of a number of deposit takers in 2008, the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS) borrowed funds from HM Treasury to meet the compensation costs for customers of those firms. In June 2017, the FSCS announced that following the sale of certain Bradford & Bingley mortgage assets, the principal balance outstanding on these loans was £4,678 million (31 December 2016: £15,655 million). Although it is anticipated that the substantial majority of this loan will be repaid from funds the FSCS receives from asset sales, surplus cash flow or other recoveries in relation to the assets of the firms that defaulted, any shortfall will be funded by deposit-taking participants, including the Group, of the FSCS. The amount of future levies payable by the Group depends on a number of factors, principally, the amounts recovered by the FSCS from asset sales.

Tax authorities

The Group has an open matter in relation to a claim for group relief of losses incurred in its former Irish banking subsidiary, which ceased trading on 31 December 2010. In 2013 HMRC informed the Group that their interpretation of the UK rules, which allow the offset of such losses denies the claim. If HMRC’s position is found to be correct management estimate that this would result in an increase in current tax liabilities of approximately £650 million and a reduction in the Group’s deferred tax asset of approximately £350 million. The Group does not agree with HMRC's position and, having taken appropriate advice, does not consider that this is a case where additional tax will ultimately fall due. There are a number of other open matters on which the Group is in discussion with HMRC (including the tax treatment of certain costs arising from the divestment of TSB Banking Group plc), none of which is expected to have a material impact on the financial position of the Group.

Residential mortgage repossessions

In August 2014, the Northern Ireland High Court handed down judgment in favour of the borrowers in relation to three residential mortgage test cases concerning certain aspects of the Group’s practice with respect to the recalculation of contractual monthly instalments of customers in arrears. The FCA is actively engaged with the industry in relation to these considerations and has recently published Guidance on the treatment of customers with mortgage payment shortfalls. The Guidance covers remediation for mortgage customers who may have been affected by the way firms calculate these customers’ monthly mortgage instalments. The Group is now determining its detailed approach to implementation of the Guidance and will contact affected customers next year.

Update following the Financial Conduct Authority’s publication of Policy Statement 17/3

On 2 August 2016, the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) published a further consultation paper (CP16/20: Rules and guidance on payment protection insurance complaints: feedback on CP15/39 and further consultation), following on from the original consultation published in November 2015.

On 2 March 2017 the FCA confirmed that the deadline by which consumers would need to make their PPI complaints would be 29 August 2019, and new rules with respect to the UK Supreme Court’s decision in Plevin v Paragon Personal Finance Limited [2014] UKSC 61 would come into force on 29 August 2017.

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  1. Contingent liabilities and commitments (continued)

On 31 May 2017 an application for judicial review of Policy Statement 17/3 was filed in the High Court of England and Wales, which subject to the Court’s determination may have an impact on the implementation of the FCA’s rules and guidance in Policy Statement 17/3.

Mortgage arrears handling activities

On 26 May 2016, the Group was informed that an enforcement team at the FCA had commenced an investigation in connection with the Group’s mortgage arrears handling activities. This investigation is ongoing and it is currently not possible to make a reliable assessment of the liability, if any, that may result from the investigation.

Other legal actions and regulatory matters

In addition, during the ordinary course of business the Group is subject to other complaints and threatened or actual legal proceedings (including class or group action claims) brought by or on behalf of current or former employees, customers, investors or other third parties, as well as legal and regulatory reviews, challenges, investigations and enforcement actions, both in the UK and overseas. All such material matters are periodically reassessed, with the assistance of external professional advisers where appropriate, to determine the likelihood of the Group incurring a liability. In those instances where it is concluded that it is more likely than not that a payment will be made, a provision is established to management's best estimate of the amount required at the relevant balance sheet date. In some cases it will not be possible to form a view, for example because the facts are unclear or because further time is needed properly to assess the merits of the case, and no provisions are held in relation to such matters. In these circumstances, specific disclosure in relation to a contingent liability will be made where material. However the Group does not currently expect the final outcome of any such case to have a material adverse effect on its financial position, operations or cash flows.

Contingent liabilities and commitments arising from the banking business

At 30 June At 31 Dec
2017 2016
£m £m
Contingent liabilities
Acceptances and endorsements 29 21
Other:
Other items serving as direct credit substitutes 600 779
Performance bonds and other transaction-related contingencies 2,227 2,237
2,827 3,016
Total contingent liabilities 2,856 3,037
Commitments
Documentary credits and other short-term trade-related transactions 1
Forward asset purchases and forward deposits placed 365 648
Undrawn formal standby facilities, credit lines and other commitments to lend:
Less than 1 year original maturity:
Mortgage offers made 12,014 10,749
Other commitments 84,432 62,697
96,446 73,446
1 year or over original maturity 36,838 40,074
Total commitments 133,650 114,168

Of the amounts shown above in respect of undrawn formal standby facilities, credit lines and other commitments to lend, £61,921 million (31 December 2016: £63,203 million) was irrevocable.

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  1. Fair values of financial assets and liabilities

The valuations of financial instruments have been classified into three levels according to the quality and reliability of information used to determine those fair values. Note 49 to the Group’s 2016 financial statements describes the definitions of the three levels in the fair value hierarchy.

Valuation control framework

Key elements of the valuation control framework, which covers processes for all levels in the fair value hierarchy including level 3 portfolios, include model validation (incorporating pre-trade and post-trade testing), product implementation review and independent price verification. Formal committees meet quarterly to discuss and approve valuations in more judgemental areas.

Transfers into and out of level 3 portfolios

Transfers out of level 3 portfolios arise when inputs that could have a significant impact on the instrument’s valuation become market observable; conversely, transfers into the portfolios arise when consistent sources of data cease to be available.

Valuation methodology

For level 2 and level 3 portfolios, there is no significant change to what was disclosed in the Group’s 2016 Annual Report and Accounts in respect of the valuation methodology (techniques and inputs) applied to such portfolios.

The table below summarises the carrying values of financial assets and liabilities presented on the Group’s balance sheet. The fair values presented in the table are at a specific date and may be significantly different from the amounts which will actually be paid or received on the maturity or settlement date.

30 June 2017 — Carrying Fair 31 December 2016 — Carrying Fair
value value value value
£m £m £m £m
Financial assets
Trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 161,970 161,970 151,174 151,174
Derivative financial instruments 30,024 30,024 36,138 36,138
Loans and receivables:
Loans and advances to banks 8,865 8,852 26,902 26,812
Loans and advances to customers 464,604 464,629 457,958 457,461
Debt securities 3,841 3,774 3,397 3,303
Available-for-sale financial instruments 51,803 51,803 56,524 56,524
Financial liabilities
Deposits from banks 24,879 24,855 16,384 16,395
Customer deposits 417,617 418,050 415,460 416,490
Trading and other financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss 55,671 55,671 54,504 54,504
Derivative financial instruments 29,190 29,190 34,924 34,924
Debt securities in issue 71,557 74,707 76,314 79,650
Liabilities arising from non-participating investment contracts 15,652 15,652 20,112 20,112
Subordinated liabilities 18,575 22,032 19,831 22,395

The carrying amount of the following financial instruments is a reasonable approximation of fair value: cash and balances at central banks, items in the course of collection from banks, items in course of transmission to banks and notes in circulation.

The Group manages valuation adjustments for its derivative exposures on a net basis; the Group determines their fair values on the basis of their net exposures. In all other cases, fair values of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value are determined on the basis of their gross exposures.

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  1. Fair values of financial assets and liabilities (continued)

The following tables provide an analysis of the financial assets and liabilities of the Group that are carried at fair value in the Group’s consolidated balance sheet, grouped into levels 1 to 3 based on the degree to which the fair value is observable.

Financial assets

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
£m £m £m £m
At 30 June 2017
Trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss:
Loans and advances to customers 27,839 27,839
Loans and advances to banks 1,446 1,446
Debt securities 25,768 22,897 2,126 50,791
Equity shares 80,252 31 1,592 81,875
Treasury and other bills 19 19
Total trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 106,039 52,213 3,718 161,970
Available-for-sale financial assets:
Debt securities 44,717 5,865 114 50,696
Equity shares 527 34 546 1,107
Total available-for-sale financial assets 45,244 5,899 660 51,803
Derivative financial instruments 123 28,789 1,112 30,024
Total financial assets carried at fair value 151,406 86,901 5,490 243,797
At 31 December 2016
Trading and other financial assets at fair value
through profit or loss:
Loans and advances to customers 30,473 30,473
Loans and advances to banks 2,606 2,606
Debt securities 25,075 23,010 2,293 50,378
Equity shares 66,147 37 1,513 67,697
Treasury and other bills 20 20
Total trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 91,242 56,126 3,806 151,174
Available-for-sale financial assets:
Debt securities 48,649 6,529 133 55,311
Equity shares 435 17 761 1,213
Total available-for-sale financial assets 49,084 6,546 894 56,524
Derivative financial instruments 270 34,469 1,399 36,138
Total financial assets carried at fair value 140,596 97,141 6,099 243,836

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  1. Fair values of financial assets and liabilities (continued)

Financial liabilities

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
£m £m £m £m
At 30 June 2017
Trading and other financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss:
Liabilities held at fair value through profit or loss 8,223 8,223
Trading liabilities 2,375 45,073 47,448
Total trading and other financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss 2,375 53,296 55,671
Derivative financial instruments 360 28,070 760 29,190
Total financial liabilities carried at fair value 2,735 81,366 760 84,861
At 31 December 2016
Trading and other financial liabilities at fair value
through profit or loss:
Liabilities held at fair value through profit or loss 9,423 2 9,425
Trading liabilities 2,417 42,662 45,079
Total trading and other financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss 2,417 52,085 2 54,504
Derivative financial instruments 358 33,606 960 34,924
Total financial liabilities carried at fair value 2,775 85,691 962 89,428

Financial guarantees are recognised at fair value on initial recognition and are classified as level 3; the balance is not material.

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  1. Fair values of financial assets and liabilities (continued)

Movements in level 3 portfolio

The tables below analyse movements in the level 3 financial assets portfolio.

Trading — and other Total
financial Available- financial
assets at fair for-sale assets
value through financial Derivative carried at
profit or loss assets assets fair value
£m £m £m £m
At 1 January 2017 3,806 894 1,399 6,099
Exchange and other adjustments (4) (15) 18 (1)
Gains (losses) recognised in the income statement within other income 11 (226) (215)
Gains (losses) recognised in other comprehensive income within the revaluation reserve in respect of available-for-sale financial assets (199) (199)
Purchases 303 24 5 332
Sales (331) (23) (40) (394)
Transfers into the level 3 portfolio 56 56
Transfers out of the level 3 portfolio (123) (21) (44) (188)
At 30 June 2017 3,718 660 1,112 5,490
Gains (losses) recognised in the income statement within other income relating to those assets held at 30 June 2017 234 (227) 7
Trading — and other Total
financial Available- financial
assets at fair for-sale assets
value through financial Derivative carried at
profit or loss assets assets fair value
£m £m £m £m
At 1 January 2016 5,116 684 1,469 7,269
Exchange and other adjustments 6 1 61 68
Gains recognised in the income statement within other income 317 478 795
Gains recognised in other comprehensive income within the revaluation reserve in respect of available-for-sale financial assets 248 248
Purchases 335 204 6 545
Sales (2,031) (494) (35) (2,560)
Derecognised pursuant to tender offers and redemptions in respect of Enhanced Capital Notes (476) (476)
Transfers into the level 3 portfolio 187 136 45 368
Transfers out of the level 3 portfolio (159) (3) (162)
At 30 June 2016 3,771 779 1,545 6,095
Gains recognised in the income statement within other income relating to those assets held at 30 June 2016 373 635 1,008

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  1. Fair values of financial assets and liabilities (continued)

The tables below analyse movements in the level 3 financial liabilities portfolio.

Trading
and other
financial Total
liabilities at financial
fair value liabilities
through Derivative carried at
profit or loss liabilities fair value
£m £m £m
At 1 January 2017 2 960 962
Exchange and other adjustments 14 14
Gains recognised in the income statement within other income (2) (207) (209)
Additions 19 19
Redemptions (26) (26)
Transfers into the level 3 portfolio
Transfers out of the level 3 portfolio
At 30 June 2017 760 760
Gains recognised in the income statement within other income relating to those liabilities held at 30 June 2017 (209) (209)
Trading
and other
financial Total
liabilities at financial
fair value liabilities
through Derivative carried at
profit or loss liabilities fair value
£m £m £m
At 1 January 2016 1 723 724
Exchange and other adjustments 43 43
Losses recognised in the income statement within other income 1 606 607
Additions 10 10
Redemptions (52) (52)
At 30 June 2016 2 1,330 1,332
Losses recognised in the income statement within other income relating to those liabilities held at 30 June 2016 1 592 593

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  1. Fair values of financial assets and liabilities (continued)

The tables below set out the effects of reasonably possible alternative assumptions for categories of level 3 financial assets and financial liabilities which have an aggregated carrying value greater than £500 million.

At 30 June 2017
Effect of reasonably
possible alternative
assumptions 1
Significant
Valuation unobservable Carrying Favourable Unfavourable
technique(s) inputs Range 2 value changes changes
£m £m £m
Trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss:
Equity and venture capital investments Market approach Earnings multiple 0.9/18.0 2,136 69 (69)
Unlisted equities and debt securities, property partnerships in the life funds Underlying asset/net asset value (incl. property prices) 3 n/a n/a 1,458 (84)
Other 124
3,718
Available-for-sale financial assets 660 52 (52)
Derivative financial assets:
Interest rate derivatives Option pricing model Interest rate volatility 0%/136% 1,112 11 (4)
1,112
Financial assets carried at fair value 5,490
Trading and other financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss
Derivative financial liabilities:
Interest rate derivatives Option pricing model Interest rate volatility 0%/136% 760
760
Financial liabilities carried at fair value 760
1 Where the exposure to an unobservable input is managed on a net basis, only the net impact is shown in the table.
2 The range represents the highest and lowest inputs used in the level 3 valuations.
3 Underlying asset/net asset values represent fair value.

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  1. Fair values of financial assets and liabilities (continued)
At 31 December 2016
Effect of reasonably
possible alternative
assumptions 1
Significant
Valuation unobservable Carrying Favourable Unfavourable
technique(s) inputs Range 2 value changes changes
£m £m £m
Trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss:
Equity and venture capital investments Market approach Earnings multiple 0.9/10.0 2,163 63 (68)
Unlisted equities and debt securities, property partnerships in the life funds Underlying asset/net asset value (incl. property prices) 3 n/a n/a 1,501 (32)
Other 142
3,806
Available-for-sale financial assets 894 48 (53)
Derivative financial assets:
Interest rate derivatives Option pricing model Interest rate volatility 0%/115% 1,399 (3) (19)
1,399
Financial assets carried at fair value 6,099
Trading and other financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss 2
Derivative financial liabilities:
Interest rate derivatives Option pricing model Interest rate volatility 0%/115% 960
960
Financial liabilities carried at fair value 962
1 Where the exposure to an unobservable input is managed on a net basis, only the net impact is shown in the table.
2 The range represents the highest and lowest inputs used in the level 3 valuations.
3 Underlying asset/net asset values represent fair value.

Unobservable inputs

Significant unobservable inputs affecting the valuation of debt securities, unlisted equity investments and derivatives are unchanged from those described in the Group’s 2016 financial statements.

Reasonably possible alternative assumptions

Valuation techniques applied to many of the Group’s level 3 instruments often involve the use of two or more inputs whose relationship is interdependent. The calculation of the effect of reasonably possible alternative assumptions included in the table above reflects such relationships and are unchanged from those described in the Group’s 2016 financial statements.

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  1. Credit quality of loans and advances

The table below sets out those loans that are (i) neither past due nor impaired, (ii) past due but not impaired, (iii) impaired, not requiring a provision and (iv) impaired requiring a provision.

The disclosures in the table below are produced under the underlying basis used for the Group’s segmental reporting. The Group believes that, for reporting periods following a significant acquisition such as the acquisition of HBOS in 2009, this underlying basis, which includes the allowance for loan losses at the acquisition date on a gross basis, more fairly reflects the underlying provisioning status of the loans.

The analysis of lending between retail and commercial has been prepared based upon the type of exposure and not the business segment in which the exposure is recorded. Included within retail are exposures to personal customers and small businesses, whilst included within commercial are exposures to corporate customers and other large institutions.

Designated
at fair value
Customers through
Retail – Retail – profit or
Loans and advances Banks mortgages other Commercial Total loss
£m £m £m £m £m £m
At 30 June 2017
Good quality 8,749 294,700 41,668 72,008 29,243
Satisfactory quality 45 836 5,530 29,887 42
Lower quality 34 38 482 6,144
Below standard, but not impaired 163 655 346
Neither past due nor impaired 1 8,828 295,737 48,335 108,385 452,457 29,285
0-30 days 8 3,065 311 166 3,542
30-60 days 1,334 95 67 1,496
60-90 days 863 8 34 905
90-180 days 1,143 5 14 1,162
Over 180 days 16 29 45
Past due but not impaired 2 8 6,405 435 310 7,150
Impaired – no provision required 29 821 319 761 1,901
– provision held 3,636 1,080 1,676 6,392
Gross lending 8,865 306,599 50,169 111,132 467,900 29,285
At 31 December 2016
Good quality 26,745 295,286 34,195 72,083 33,049
Satisfactory quality 87 814 4,479 30,433 30
Lower quality 3 39 387 6,433
Below standard, but not impaired 53 164 417 415
Neither past due nor impaired 1 26,888 296,303 39,478 109,364 445,145 33,079
0-30 days 14 3,547 285 157 3,989
30-60 days 1,573 75 37 1,685
60-90 days 985 2 74 1,061
90-180 days 1,235 6 14 1,255
Over 180 days 18 23 41
Past due but not impaired 2 14 7,340 386 305 8,031
Impaired – no provision required 784 392 689 1,865
– provision held 3,536 1,038 2,056 6,630
Gross lending 26,902 307,963 41,294 112,414 461,671 33,079
1 The definitions of good quality, satisfactory quality, lower quality and below standard, but not impaired applying to retail and commercial are not the same, reflecting the different characteristics of these exposures and the way they are managed internally, and consequently totals are not provided. Commercial lending has been classified using internal probability of default rating models mapped so that they are comparable to external credit ratings. Good quality lending comprises the lower assessed default probabilities, with other classifications reflecting progressively higher default risk. Classifications of retail lending incorporate expected recovery levels for mortgages, as well as probabilities of default assessed using internal rating models.
2 A financial asset is ‘past due’ if a counterparty has failed to make a payment when contractually due.

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  1. Dividends on ordinary shares

An interim dividend for 2017 of 1.0 pence per ordinary share (half-year to 30 June 2016: 0.85 pence) will be paid on 27 September 2017. The total amount of this dividend is £720 million (half-year to 30 June 2016: £607 million).

Shareholders who have already joined the dividend reinvestment plan will automatically receive shares instead of the cash dividend. Key dates for the payment of the dividends are:

Shares quoted ex-dividend 10 August 2017
Record date 11 August 2017
Final date for joining or leaving the dividend reinvestment plan 30 August 2017
Interim dividend paid 27 September 2017

On 16 May 2017, a final dividend in respect of 2016 of 1.7 pence per share, totalling £1,212 million, and a special dividend of 0.5 pence per share, totalling £356 million, were paid to shareholders.

  1. Events since the balance sheet date

At the annual general meeting on 11 May 2017, the Company’s shareholders approved the redesignation of the 80,921,051 limited voting ordinary shares of 10 pence each that the Company had in issue as ordinary shares of 10 pence each. The redesignation took effect on 1 July 2017 and the redesignated shares now rank equally with the existing issued ordinary shares of the Company. There is no impact on the Company’s total share capital in issue or equity.

  1. Future accounting developments

The following pronouncements are not applicable for the year ending 31 December 2017 and have not been applied in preparing these interim financial statements. Save as disclosed below, the impact of these accounting changes is still being assessed by the Group and reliable estimates cannot be made at this stage.

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments

IFRS 9 replaces IAS 39 ‘Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement’ and is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2018.

The Group has an established IFRS 9 programme to ensure a high quality implementation in compliance with the standard and additional regulatory guidance that has been issued. The programme involves Finance and Risk functions across the Group with Divisional and Group steering committees providing oversight. The key responsibilities of the programme include defining IFRS 9 methodology and accounting policy, development of Expected Credit Loss (‘ECL’) models, identifying and implementing data and system requirements, and establishing an appropriate operating model and governance framework.

The programme is progressing in line with delivery plans and is currently completing credit risk model development and embedding the IFRS 9 operating model into the business. All core models are expected to be operational by September 2017 and outputs will be reviewed and validated ahead of implementation.

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  1. Future accounting developments (continued)

Classification and Measurement

IFRS 9 requires financial assets to be classified into one of three measurement categories, fair value through profit or loss, fair value through other comprehensive income or amortised cost. Financial assets will be measured at amortised cost if they are held within a business model the objective of which is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows, and their contractual cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest. Financial assets will be measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if they are held within a business model the objective of which is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and their contractual cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest. Financial assets not meeting either of these two business models; and all equity instruments (unless designated at inception to fair value through other comprehensive income); and all derivatives are measured at fair value through profit or loss. An entity may, at initial recognition, designate a financial asset as measured at fair value through profit or loss if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces an accounting mismatch.

The Group has undertaken an assessment of the classification and measurement of financial assets and, whilst certain portfolios will need to be reclassified, including from amortised cost to fair value through profit or loss, the overall impact on the Group is not expected to be significant.

IFRS 9 retains most of the existing requirements for financial liabilities. However, for financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss, gains or losses attributable to changes in own credit risk may be presented in other comprehensive income. The Group has elected to early adopt this presentation of gains and losses on financial liabilities from 1 January 2017.

Impairment

The IFRS 9 impairment model will be applicable to all financial assets at amortised cost, debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, lease receivables, loan commitments and financial guarantees not measured at fair value through profit or loss.

IFRS 9 replaces the existing ‘incurred loss’ impairment approach with an expected credit loss model, resulting in earlier recognition of credit losses compared with IAS 39. Expected credit losses are the unbiased probability weighted average credit losses determined by evaluating a range of possible outcomes and future economic conditions.

The ECL model has three stages. Entities are required to recognise a 12 month expected loss allowance on initial recognition (stage 1) and a lifetime expected loss allowance when there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition (stage 2). Stage 3 requires objective evidence that an asset is credit-impaired, which is similar to the guidance on incurred losses in IAS 39.

IFRS 9 requires the use of more forward looking information including reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions. The need to consider a range of economic scenarios and how they could impact the loss allowance is a subjective feature of the IFRS 9 ECL model. The Group has developed the capability to model a number of economic scenarios and capture the impact on credit losses to ensure the overall ECL reflects an appropriate distribution of economic outcomes.

For all material portfolios, IFRS 9 ECL calculation will leverage the systems, data and methodology used to calculate regulatory ‘expected losses’. The definition of default for IFRS 9 purposes will be aligned to the Basel definition of default to ensure consistency across the Group. IFRS 9 models will use three key input parameters for the computation of expected loss, being probability of default (‘PD’), loss given default (‘LGD’) and exposure at default (‘EAD’). However, given the conservatism inherent in the regulatory expected losses calculation and some differences in the period over which risk parameters are measured, some adjustments to these components have been made to ensure compliance with IFRS 9.

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  1. Future accounting developments (continued)

The new impairment requirements will result in an increase in the Group’s balance sheet provisions for credit losses and may have a negative impact on the Group’s regulatory capital position. The extent of any increase in provisions will depend upon a number factors including the composition of the Group’s lending portfolios and forecast economic conditions at the date of implementation. It is not possible to conclude on the capital impact as the interaction with IFRS 9 and the capital rules, including possible transitional arrangements, is still being finalised.

Whilst the Group is still running and testing the new credit risk models, it is not possible to provide a reliable estimate of the increase in impairment provisions on 1 January 2018. The ongoing impact on the financial results will only become clearer after running the IFRS 9 models over a period of time and under different economic environments, however, it could result in impairment charges being more volatile when compared to the current IAS 39 impairment model, due to the forward looking nature of expected credit losses.

Hedge Accounting

The hedge accounting requirements of IFRS 9 are more closely aligned with risk management practices and follow a more principle-based approach than IAS 39. The standard does not address macro hedge accounting, which is being considered in a separate IASB project. There is an option to retain the existing IAS 39 hedge accounting requirements until the IASB completes its project on macro hedging. The Group expects to continue applying IAS 39 hedge accounting in accordance with this accounting policy choice.

IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers

IFRS 15 replaces IAS 18 ‘Revenue’ and IAS 11 ‘Construction Contracts’ and is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2018.

The core principle of IFRS 15 is that revenue reflects the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled. The recognition of such revenue is in accordance with five steps to: identify the contract; identify the performance obligations; determine the transaction price; allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations; and recognise revenue when the performance obligations are satisfied.

Revenue relating to financial instruments, leases and insurance contracts are out of scope, however, the Group does recognise fee income that is within scope, for example on added value accounts, interchange and service fees, certain mortgage fees, factoring and commitment fees. A substantial proportion of the current revenue recognition policy for fee and commission income is not expected to change. The standard is therefore not expected to have a significant impact on the Group’s profitability.

Upon transition, any adjustments can be recognised either retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented, or retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard recognised at the date of initial application as an adjustment to the opening balance retained earnings. The Group anticipates adopting the second approach to transition.

IFRS 16 Leases

IFRS 16 replaces IAS 17 ‘Leases’ and is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2019.

IFRS 16 requires lessees to recognise a right of use asset and a liability for future payments arising from a lease contract. Lessees will recognise a finance charge on the liability and a depreciation charge on the asset which could affect the timing of the recognition of expenses on leased assets. This change will mainly impact the properties that the Group currently accounts for as operating leases. Finance systems will need to be changed to reflect the new accounting rules and disclosures. Lessor accounting requirements remain aligned to the current approach under IAS 17.

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  1. Future accounting developments (continued)

IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts

IFRS 17 replaces IFRS 4 ‘Insurance Contracts’ and is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2021.

IFRS 17 requires insurance contracts and participating investment contracts to be measured on the balance sheet as the total of the fulfilment cash flows and the contractual service margin. Changes to estimates of future cash flows from one reporting date to another are recognised either as an amount in profit or loss or as an adjustment to the expected profit for providing insurance coverage, depending on the type of change and the reason for it. The effects of some changes in discount rates can either be recognised in profit or loss or in other comprehensive income as an accounting policy choice. The risk adjustment is released to profit and loss as an insurer’s risk reduces. Profits which are currently recognised through a Value in Force asset, will no longer be recognised at inception of an insurance contract. Instead, the expected profit for providing insurance coverage is recognised in profit or loss over time as the insurance coverage is provided.

The standard will have a significant impact on the accounting for the insurance and participating investment contracts issued by the Insurance Division.

Minor amendments to other accounting standards

The IASB has issued a number of minor amendments to IFRSs effective 1 January 2018 (including IFRS 2 Share-based Payment and IAS 40 Investment Property) and IFRIC 23 Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments effective 1 January 2019. These revised requirements are not expected to have a significant impact on the Group.

  1. Condensed consolidating financial information

Lloyds Bank plc (Lloyds Bank) is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company and intends to offer and sell certain securities in the US from time to time utilising a registration statement on Form F-3 filed with the SEC by the Company. This will be accompanied by a full and unconditional guarantee by the Company.

Lloyds Bank intends to utilise an exception provided in Rule 3-10 of Regulation S-X which allows it to not file its financial statements with the SEC. In accordance with the requirements to qualify for the exception, presented below is condensed consolidating financial information for:

· The Company on a stand-alone basis as guarantor;

· Lloyds Bank on a stand-alone basis as issuer;

· Non-guarantor subsidiaries of the Company and non-guarantor subsidiaries of Lloyds Bank on a combined basis (Subsidiaries);

· Consolidation adjustments; and

· Lloyds Banking Group’s consolidated amounts (the Group).

Under IAS 27, the Company and Lloyds Bank account for investments in their subsidiary undertakings at cost less impairment. Rule 3-10 of Regulation S-X requires a company to account for its investments in subsidiary undertakings using the equity method, which would increase/(decrease) the result for the period of the Company and Lloyds Bank in the information below by £357 million and £(658) million, respectively, for the half-year to 30 June 2017; £(111) million and £(1,309) million for the half-year to 30 June 2016; and £(961) million and £458 million for the half-year to 31 December 2016. The net assets of the Company and Lloyds Bank in the information below would also be increased (decreased) by £4,515 million and £(9,208) million, respectively, at 30 June 2017; and £4,780 million and £(8,268) million at 31 December 2016.

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  1. Condensed consolidating financial information (continued)

Income statements

For the half-year ended 30 June 2017 Company Lloyds Bank Group
£m £m £m £m £m
Net interest (expense) income (58) 2,822 2,510 (72) 5,202
Other income 1,671 4,159 11,660 (5,417) 12,073
Total income 1,613 6,981 14,170 (5,489) 17,275
Insurance claims (7,976) (7,976)
Total income, net of insurance claims 1,613 6,981 6,194 (5,489) 9,299
Operating expenses (14) (3,930) (3,160) 902 (6,202)
Trading surplus 1,599 3,051 3,034 (4,587) 3,097
Impairment (142) (62) 1 (203)
Profit (loss) before tax 1,599 2,909 2,972 (4,586) 2,894
Taxation (8) (250) (683) 36 (905)
Profit (loss) for the period 1,591 2,659 2,289 (4,550) 1,989
For the half-year ended 30 June 2016 Company Lloyds Bank Group
£m £m £m £m £m
Net interest (expense) income 112 2,274 2,960 (121) 5,225
Other income 2,095 3,091 13,707 (5,688) 13,205
Total income 2,207 5,365 16,667 (5,809) 18,430
Insurance claims (10,110) (10,110)
Total income, net of insurance claims 2,207 5,365 6,557 (5,809) 8,320
Operating expenses (10) (3,113) (3,035) 654 (5,504)
Trading surplus 2,197 2,252 3,522 (5,155) 2,816
Impairment (364) (25) 27 (362)
Profit (loss) before tax 2,197 1,888 3,497 (5,128) 2,454
Taxation (292) 108 (636) 223 (597)
Profit (loss) for the period 1,905 1,996 2,861 (4,905) 1,857
For the half-year ended 31 December 2016 Company Lloyds Bank Group
£m £m £m £m £m
Net interest (expense) income (46) 2,609 1,701 (215) 4,049
Other income 1,523 2,398 16,642 (3,431) 17,132
Total income 1,477 5,007 18,343 (3,646) 21,181
Insurance claims (12,234) (12,234)
Total income, net of insurance claims 1,477 5,007 6,109 (3,646) 8,947
Operating expenses (211) (4,609) (3,345) 1,042 (7,123)
Trading surplus 1,266 398 2,764 (2,604) 1,824
Impairment (256) (214) 80 (390)
Profit (loss) before tax 1,266 142 2,550 (2,524) 1,434
Taxation (36) (185) (1,179) 273 (1,127)
Profit (loss) for the period 1,230 (43) 1,371 (2,251) 307

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  1. Condensed consolidating financial information (continued)

Consolidated statements of comprehensive income

Half-year ended 30 June 2017 Company Lloyds Bank Group
£m £m £m £m £m
Profit (loss) for the period 1,591 2,659 2,289 (4,550) 1,989
Other comprehensive income
Items that will not subsequently be reclassified to profit or loss:
Post-retirement defined benefit scheme remeasurements:
Remeasurements before taxation (99) (25) (124)
Taxation 27 5 32
(72) (20) (92)
Gains and losses attributable to own credit risk
Gains and (losses) before taxation (44) (44)
Taxation 12 12
(32) (32)
Items that may subsequently be reclassified to profit or loss:
Movements in revaluation reserve in respect of available-for-sale financial assets:
Change in fair value 426 23 6 455
Income statement transfers in respect of disposals (202) (113) (315)
Income statement transfers in respect of impairment 9 (3) 6
Taxation (59) 11 (48)
165 (70) 3 98
Movements in cash flow hedging reserve:
Effective portion of changes in fair value (65) (56) (146) (267)
Net income statement transfers (196) 16 (137) (317)
Taxation 68 10 73 151
(193) (30) (210) (433)
Currency translation differences (tax: nil) (4) 10 (13) (7)
Other comprehensive income for the period, net of tax (136) (110) (220) (466)
Total comprehensive income for the period 1,591 2,523 2,179 (4,770) 1,523
Total comprehensive income attributable to ordinary shareholders 1,382 2,386 2,077 (4,572) 1,273
Total comprehensive income attributable to other equity holders 209 137 10 (147) 209
Total comprehensive income attributable to equity holders 1,591 2,523 2,087 (4,719) 1,482
Total comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests 92 (51) 41
Total comprehensive income for the period 1,591 2,523 2,179 (4,770) 1,523

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  1. Condensed consolidating financial information (continued)

Consolidated statements of comprehensive income (continued)

Half-year ended 30 June 2016 Company Lloyds Bank Group
£m £m £m £m £m
Profit (loss) for the period 1,905 1,996 2,861 (4,905) 1,857
Other comprehensive income
Items that will not subsequently be reclassified to profit or loss:
Post-retirement defined benefit scheme remeasurements
Remeasurements before taxation 134 (401) (267)
Taxation (36) 76 40
98 (325) (227)
Items that may subsequently be reclassified to profit or loss:
Movements in revaluation reserve in respect of available-for-sale financial assets:
Change in fair value 104 77 3 184
Income statement transfers in respect of disposals (525) (49) (574)
Income statement transfers in respect of impairment 145 1 146
Taxation 173 (21) 152
(103) 8 3 (92)
Movements in cash flow hedging reserve:
Effective portion of changes in fair value 1,617 303 1,120 3,040
Net income statement transfers (118) (166) 78 (206)
Taxation (405) (37) (310) (752)
1,094 100 888 2,082
Currency translation differences (tax: nil) 13 (41) 8 (20)
Other comprehensive income for the period, net of tax 1,102 (258) 899 1,743
Total comprehensive income for the period 1,905 3,098 2,603 (4,006) 3,600
Total comprehensive income attributable to ordinary shareholders 1,701 3,097 2,489 (3,954) 3,333
Total comprehensive income attributable to other equity holders 204 1 51 (52) 204
Total comprehensive income attributable to equity holders 1,905 3,098 2,540 (4,006) 3,537
Total comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests 63 63
Total comprehensive income for the period 1,905 3,098 2,603 (4,006) 3,600

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  1. Condensed consolidating financial information (continued)

Consolidated statements of comprehensive income (continued)

Half-year ended 31 December 2016 Company Lloyds Bank Subsidiaries Group
£m £m £m £m £m
Profit (loss) for the period 1,230 (43) 1,371 (2,251) 307
Other comprehensive income
Items that will not subsequently be reclassified to profit or loss:
Post-retirement defined benefit scheme remeasurements
Remeasurements before taxation (816) (265) (1,081)
Taxation 220 60 280
(596) (205) (801)
Items that may subsequently be reclassified to profit or loss:
Movements in revaluation reserve in respect of available-for-sale financial assets:
Adjustment on transfer from held-to-maturity portfolio 1,544 1,544
Change in fair value 164 7 1 172
Income statement transfers in respect of disposals 18 (19) (1)
Income statement transfers in respect of impairment 27 27
Taxation (442) (11) (453)
1,311 (23) 1 1,289
Movements in cash flow hedging reserve:
Effective net portion of changes in fair value (327) (178) (103) (608)
Net income statement transfers (123) (67) (161) (351)
Taxation 147 66 73 286
(303) (179) (191) (673)
Currency translation differences (tax: nil) 6 85 (75) 16
Other comprehensive income for the period, net of tax 418 (322) (265) (169)
Total comprehensive income for the period 1,230 375 1,049 (2,516) 138
Total comprehensive income attributable to ordinary shareholders 1,022 257 961 (2,348) (108)
Total comprehensive income attributable to other equity holders 208 118 50 (168) 208
Total comprehensive income attributable to equity holders 1,230 375 1,011 (2,516) 100
Total comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests 38 38
Total comprehensive income for the period 1,230 375 1,049 (2,516) 138

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  1. Condensed consolidating financial information (continued)

Balance sheets

At 30 June 2017 Company Lloyds Bank Group
£m £m £m £m £m
Assets
Cash and balances at central banks 47,950 2,541 50,491
Items in course of collection from banks 562 293 855
Trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 45,310 124,824 (8,164) 161,970
Derivative financial instruments 332 30,766 15,993 (17,067) 30,024
Loans and receivables:
Loans and advances to banks 4,054 4,786 25 8,865
Loans and advances to customers 159,638 297,790 7,176 464,604
Debt securities 3,313 483 45 3,841
Due from fellow Lloyds Banking Group undertakings 10,979 193,916 138,510 (343,405)
10,979 360,921 441,569 (336,159) 477,310
Available-for-sale financial assets 51,398 1,872 (1,467) 51,803
Goodwill 2,343 (44) 2,299
Value of in-force business 4,888 265 5,153
Other intangible assets 1,081 327 1,128 2,536
Property, plant and equipment 3,539 9,460 (9) 12,990
Current tax recoverable 829 389 (32) (1,170) 16
Deferred tax assets 12 2,151 2,308 (2,049) 2,422
Retirement benefit assets 320 88 2 410
Investment in subsidiary undertakings, including assets held for sale 44,333 40,542 (84,875)
Other assets 1,079 3,554 12,591 (584) 16,640
Total assets 57,564 588,483 619,065 (450,193) 814,919

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  1. Condensed consolidating financial information (continued)

Balance sheets (continued)

At 30 June 2017 Company Lloyds Bank Group
£m £m £m £m £m
Equity and liabilities
Liabilities
Deposits from banks 7,586 17,295 (2) 24,879
Customer deposits 219,124 198,600 (107) 417,617
Due to fellow Lloyds Banking Group undertakings 3,860 128,723 189,835 (322,418)
Items in course of transmission to banks 411 533 944
Trading and other financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss 56,005 182 (516) 55,671
Derivative financial instruments 124 32,019 14,114 (17,067) 29,190
Notes in circulation 1,317 1,317
Debt securities in issue 5,458 68,559 16,806 (19,266) 71,557
Liabilities arising from insurance contracts and participating investment contracts 101,338 (20) 101,318
Liabilities arising from non-participating investment contracts 15,652 15,652
Other liabilities 623 4,384 19,320 (2,101) 22,226
Retirement benefit obligations 447 344 114 905
Current tax liabilities 4 1,840 (1,428) 416
Deferred tax liabilities 886 (886)
Other provisions 2,924 2,957 425 6,306
Subordinated liabilities 4,146 9,555 9,757 (4,883) 18,575
Total liabilities 14,211 529,741 590,776 (368,155) 766,573
Equity
Shareholders’ equity 37,998 55,525 26,006 (77,016) 42,513
Other equity instruments 5,355 3,217 305 (3,522) 5,355
Total equity excluding non-controlling interests 43,353 58,742 26,311 (80,538) 47,868
Non-controlling interests 1,978 (1,500) 478
Total equity 43,353 58,742 28,289 (82,038) 48,346
Total equity and liabilities 57,564 588,483 619,065 (450,193) 814,919

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  1. Condensed consolidating financial information (continued)

Balance sheets (continued)

At 31 December 2016 Company Lloyds Bank Group
£m £m £m £m £m
Assets
Cash and balances at central banks 44,595 2,857 47,452
Items in course of collection from banks 512 194 706
Trading and other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 48,309 112,154 (9,289) 151,174
Derivative financial instruments 461 36,714 18,737 (19,774) 36,138
Loans and receivables:
Loans and advances to banks 4,379 22,498 25 26,902
Loans and advances to customers 161,161 290,036 6,761 457,958
Debt securities 2,818 528 51 3,397
Due from fellow Lloyds Banking Group undertakings 7,021 152,260 104,314 (263,595)
7,021 320,618 417,376 (256,758) 488,257
Available-for-sale financial assets 55,122 3,274 (1,872) 56,524
Goodwill 2,343 (327) 2,016
Value of in-force business 4,761 281 5,042
Other intangible assets 893 314 474 1,681
Property, plant and equipment 3,644 9,263 65 12,972
Current tax recoverable 465 420 26 (883) 28
Deferred tax assets 38 2,286 1,503 (1,121) 2,706
Retirement benefit assets 254 86 2 342
Investment in subsidiary undertakings, including assets held for sale 44,188 38,757 (82,945)
Other assets 959 1,168 11,613 (985) 12,755
Total assets 53,132 553,292 584,501 (373,132) 817,793

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  1. Condensed consolidating financial information (continued)

Balance sheets (continued)

At 31 December 2016 Company Lloyds Bank Group
£m £m £m £m £m
Equity and liabilities
Liabilities
Deposits from banks 9,450 6,936 (2) 16,384
Customer deposits 213,135 202,433 (108) 415,460
Due to fellow Lloyds Banking Group undertakings 2,690 86,803 149,152 (238,645)
Items in course of transmission to banks 292 256 548
Trading and other financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss 55,776 945 (2,217) 54,504
Derivative financial instruments 38,591 16,107 (19,774) 34,924
Notes in circulation 1,402 1,402
Debt securities in issue 2,455 74,366 22,336 (22,843) 76,314
Liabilities arising from insurance contracts and participating investment contracts 94,409 (19) 94,390
Liabilities arising from non-participating investment contracts 20,112 20,112
Other liabilities 413 3,295 27,668 (2,183) 29,193
Retirement benefit obligations 399 420 3 822
Current tax liabilities 3 1,390 (1,167) 226
Deferred tax liabilities
Other provisions 2,833 2,355 30 5,218
Subordinated liabilities 4,329 10,575 10,648 (5,721) 19,831
Total liabilities 9,887 495,518 556,569 (292,646) 769,328
Equity
Shareholders’ equity 37,890 54,557 25,687 (75,464) 42,670
Other equity instruments 5,355 3,217 305 (3,522) 5,355
Total equity excluding non-controlling interests 43,245 57,774 25,992 (78,986) 48,025
Non-controlling interests 1,940 (1,500) 440
Total equity 43,245 57,774 27,932 (80,486) 48,465
Total equity and liabilities 53,132 553,292 584,501 (373,132) 817,793

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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  1. Condensed consolidating financial information (continued)

Cash flow statements

For the half-year ended 30 June 2017 Company Lloyds Bank Group
£m £m £m £m £m
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 4,447 (936) (6,562) (1,632) (4,683)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of financial assets (1,646) (201) (1,847)
Proceeds from sale and maturity of financial assets 4,128 1,148 5,276
Purchase of fixed assets (552) (1,408) (1,960)
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets 6 757 763
Dividends received from subsidiaries 1,600 2,807 (4,407)
Distributions on other equity instruments received 146 51 (197)
Capital lending to Lloyds Bank 3,477 (3,477)
Capital repayments by Lloyds Bank (7,626) 7,626
Return of capital contribution 74 (74)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired (2,026) 117 (1,909)
Disposal of businesses, net of cash disposed 26 26
Net cash provided by investing activities (2,329) 2,768 322 (412) 349
Cash flows from financing activities:
Dividends paid to ordinary shareholders (1,568) (1,600) (2,807) 4,407 (1,568)
Distributions on other equity instruments (209) (137) (60) 197 (209)
Interest paid on subordinated liabilities (127) (394) (761) 502 (780)
Repayment of subordinated liabilities (675) (760) 799 (636)
Return of capital contribution (74) 74
Capital borrowing from the Company (3,477) 3,477
Capital repayments to the Company 7,626 (7,626)
Change in non-controlling interests (3) (3)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (1,904) 1,269 (4,391) 1,830 (3,196)
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (1) 1
Change in cash and cash equivalents 214 3,100 (10,630) (214) (7,530)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 42 45,266 17,122 (42) 62,388
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 256 48,366 6,492 (256) 54,858

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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  1. Condensed consolidating financial information (continued)

Cash flow statements (continued)

For the half-year ended 30 June 2016 Company Lloyds Bank Group
£m £m £m £m £m
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (8,980) 27,973 6,915 (3,304) 22,604
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of financial assets (3,190) (251) (3,441)
Proceeds from sale and maturity of financial assets 1,917 1,479 (667) 2,729
Purchase of fixed assets (574) (1,246) (1,820)
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets 12 897 909
Additional capital injections to subsidiaries (3,217) 3,217
Capital repayments by subsidiaries 13,059 (13,059)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired (6) (6)
Disposal of businesses, net of cash disposed 5 5
Dividends received from subsidiaries 2,430 2,555 (4,985)
Distributions on other equity instruments received 1 51 (52)
Return of capital contribution 405 (405)
Capital lending to subsidiaries (2,753) 2,753
Net cash provided by investing activities 9,925 771 878 (13,198) (1,624)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Dividends paid to ordinary shareholders (1,427) (2,430) (2,555) 4,985 (1,427)
Distributions on other equity instruments (204) (1) (51) 52 (204)
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests (2) (2)
Interest paid on subordinated liabilities (99) (930) (545) 628 (946)
Issue of other equity instruments 3,217 (3,217)
Proceeds from issue of subordinated liabilities 1,061 2,753 (2,753) 1,061
Repayment of subordinated liabilities (11,921) (4,298) 11,541 (4,678)
Capital contribution received
Capital repayments to the Company (3,387) (1,198) 4,585
Change in non-controlling interests (5) (5)
Return of capital contribution (405) 405
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (669) (13,104) (8,654) 16,226 (6,201)
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 1 14 15
Change in cash and cash equivalents 276 15,641 (847) (276) 14,794
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 24 55,852 16,101 (24) 71,953
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 300 71,493 15,254 (300) 86,747

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  1. Condensed consolidating financial information (continued)

Cash flow statements (continued)

For the half-year ended 31 December 2016 Company Lloyds Bank Group
£m £m £m £m £m
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 1,926 (27,396) 4,216 724 (20,530)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Dividends received from subsidiaries 1,329 1,328 (2,657)
Distributions on other equity instruments received 118 50 (168)
Return of capital contributions 36 (36)
Purchase of financial assets (1,474) (71) 56 (1,489)
Proceeds from sale and maturity of financial assets 4,512 871 (1,777) 3,606
Purchase of fixed assets (548) (1,392) (1,940)
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets 7 768 775
Additional capital lending to subsidiaries (2,225) 2,225
Capital repayments by subsidiaries 107 (107)
Additional capital injections to subsidiaries (305) (309) 614
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired (14) (14)
Disposal of businesses, net of cash disposed 231 (231)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities (940) 3,797 162 (2,081) 938
Cash flows from financing activities:
Dividends paid to ordinary shareholders (587) (610) (2,047) 2,657 (587)
Distributions on other equity instruments (208) (118) (50) 168 (208)
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests (27) (27)
Interest paid on subordinated liabilities (130) (586) (348) 323 (741)
Proceeds from issue of subordinated liabilities
Repayment of subordinated liabilities (319) (1,279) (654) (955) (3,207)
Proceeds from issue of other equity instruments 305 (305)
Capital contributions received 309 (309)
Return of capital contributions (36) 36
Capital borrowing from the Company
Capital repayments to the Company
Changes in non-controlling interests (3) (3)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (1,244) (2,629) (2,515) 1,615 (4,773)
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 1 5 6
Change in cash and cash equivalents (258) (26,227) 1,868 258 (24,359)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 300 71,493 15,254 (300) 86,747
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 42 45,266 17,122 (42) 62,388

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LLOYDS BANKING GROUP PLC

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorised.

LLOYDS BANKING GROUP plc
By: /s/ G Culmer
Name: George Culmer
Title: Chief Financial Officer
Dated: 27 July 2017

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